A plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste, and relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces. The invention comprises a furnace body, wherein an inlet and an outlet are respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the furnace body, a coal locking hopper is installed on the top of the inlet, a flue gas purification component, an opening taking and placing component and a thermal plasma combustion component are installed on the outer side surface of the furnace body, a grate is also arranged in the furnace body, and a carrying plate is installed at the center of the grate for placing radioactive waste. The invention divides the flue gas purification component into two parts, a top cover and a gas washing tower. The gas washing tower can be disassembled from the top cover for easy cleaning, and a flue gas purification filter cover is arranged in the gas washing tower, and is filled with activated carbon filler, which can absorb pollutants in the flue gas, and is effectively purified in combination with a detergent, so that the treated flue gas can be directly discharged, and the pollution is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gasifiers, and more particularly to a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste. Background Art

[0002] Plasma gasification furnace is an advanced equipment for treating solid waste using plasma technology. This technology mainly uses the plasma arc generated by the plasma igniter to create a high-energy thermal environment, so that materials such as blue carbon undergo a series of complex chemical reactions in the hot environment of the plasma active state, generating combustible gases whose main components are hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Plasma gasification technology is not only used to treat blue carbon, but also widely used in solid waste treatment, especially in the treatment of urban garbage and hazardous waste, showing significant environmental advantages. For example, this technology can avoid the secondary pollution problem caused by traditional garbage treatment methods, while efficiently utilizing the energy in the garbage and significantly reducing the emission of harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals.

[0003] Plasma is a non-condensed system that contains a sufficient number of free charged particles and is generally electrically neutral. It is the fourth state of matter. Thermal plasma is mainly produced by high-intensity DC arc discharge or high-frequency inductively coupled discharge. Compared with other heat sources, thermal plasma has a higher energy density, which can promote many endothermic reactions and heat and melt various high-point materials. Arc plasma treatment technology can be applied to the disposal of most medium and low-level radioactive wastes, especially for the treatment of non-combustible wastes. For organic waste, the high temperature of thermal plasma can decompose the organic components, and the decomposed small molecular gases will further burn in a gas environment. For inorganic waste, the high temperature of thermal plasma melts the inorganic components, and after cooling, a uniform chemical body is formed, thereby containing radioactive nuclides. This chemical body can be directly disposed of.

[0004] In the laboratory, when radioactive waste is burned and treated, it is necessary to mix lignite to provide fuel, and continuously add it during the combustion process to achieve the purpose of burning and decomposing radioactive waste. However, polluting gases will be generated during the combustion process. If the gases are directly discharged without treatment, they are easy to pollute the laboratory environment and are harmful to a certain extent. Based on the above problems, we provide a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste.

[0006] The present invention provides a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste comprises: a furnace body, an inlet and an outlet are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the furnace body, a coal lock hopper is installed on the top of the inlet, and a flue gas purification component, an opening access component and a thermal plasma combustion component are installed on the outer surface of the furnace body:

[0008] The flue gas purification component includes a top cover and a scrubber. The scrubber is threadedly mounted at the bottom of the top cover. A scrubbing liquid inlet pipe is mounted on the top of the top cover. A scrubbing liquid discharge pipe is mounted on the bottom of the scrubber. A flue gas purification filter cover is also arranged at the top opening of the scrubber to facilitate the cleaning and purification of flue gas.

[0009] The opening taking and placing component comprises an opening cylinder installed on the front side of the furnace body, a cylinder cover is hingedly installed at the opening of the opening cylinder, and an observation window is also installed on the cylinder cover;

[0010] The thermal plasma combustion component includes an electrical box and a jet tube, wherein a plurality of electrode rings are arranged in the jet tube, air flow grooves are provided between the plurality of electrode rings, and the electrode rings are electrically connected to the electrical box through wires;

[0011] The electrode ring closest to the electric box in the jet tube is connected to the positive electrode of the electric box, and the other electrode rings in the jet tube are connected to the negative electrode of the electric box. When the current in the electric box is connected, discharge will occur between the electrode ring connected to the positive electrode and the electrode ring connected to the negative electrode to generate plasma, which will be sprayed onto the radioactive waste through the guidance of the jet tube for combustion.

[0012] The furnace body is also provided with a grate, and a carrying plate is installed at the center of the grate for placing radioactive waste. The jet tube and the open tube are both inclined, and the bottom ends of the jet tube and the open tube are both arranged directly opposite to the carrying plate.

[0013] Preferably, a flue gas pipe is installed on the side of the top cover, the flue gas pipe is connected to the top of the furnace body, and a filter is installed at the bottom opening of the top cover. The flue gas purification filter cover is filled with activated carbon filler, and a ceramic filter element is also installed in the middle of the scrubbing tower. The ceramic filter element is conically arranged and has multiple penetration holes on the top. A flue gas exhaust pipe is also connected to the side of the scrubbing tower below the ceramic filter element.

[0014] Preferably, the opening and placing component also includes a supporting shaft arranged on the side of the opening cylinder and the cylinder cover, and shaft sleeves are installed on the side of the opening cylinder and the cylinder cover, and the shaft sleeves are rotatably mounted on the supporting shaft. A support plate is also installed on the opening cylinder in the opposite direction of the support shaft, and a threaded cylinder is installed on the support plate. A locking buckle is installed in the threaded cylinder, and a U-shaped card that cooperates with the locking buckle is also installed on the cylinder cover.

[0015] Preferably, a transverse feed pipe is also connected to the side of the coal locking hopper, a storage hopper is installed above the end of the transverse feed pipe, a transverse motor is also installed at the end of the transverse feed pipe, the output shaft of the transverse motor extends into the transverse feed pipe and is connected to a transverse auger rod, a longitudinal motor is also installed on the top of the coal locking hopper, the output shaft of the longitudinal motor extends downward into the furnace body and is installed with a longitudinal auger rod, a longitudinal feed pipe is also connected to the bottom of the coal locking hopper, and the longitudinal auger rod is rotatably arranged in the longitudinal feed pipe.

[0016] Preferably, an isolation chamber is further provided in the furnace body, a ceramic filter is installed inside the isolation chamber, and a distributor is installed in the middle of the ceramic filter, and the bottom end of the longitudinal feed pipe is docked and installed on the distributor.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of discharge holes are opened in a bottom annular array on the side of the distributor, and the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod extends into the distributor and is mounted with a rotary distributor, wherein three blades are arranged in an arc shape, and the edges of the blades are arranged close to the inner wall of the distributor.

[0018] Preferably, the distributor is further provided with a cone cylinder, in which a crushing cone is provided. The crushing cone is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod and maintains an eccentric connection with the longitudinal auger rod.

[0019] Preferably, a butt joint tube is installed on the openings of the multiple air flow grooves, and the same ventilation pipe is installed on the multiple butt joint tubes. The ventilation pipe passes through the electrical box and is provided with an interface.

[0020] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] The present application divides the flue gas purification component into two parts: a top cover and a scrubbing tower. The scrubbing tower can be disassembled from the top cover for easy cleaning. A flue gas purification filter cover is provided in the scrubbing tower and filled with activated carbon filler, which can absorb pollutants in the flue gas and effectively purify it in combination with detergents, so that the treated flue gas can be directly discharged, effectively reducing pollution.

[0022] The present application also provides a distributor in the isolation chamber, which can drive the crushing cone to rotate continuously through the longitudinal axis auger rod, and the crushing cone is eccentrically connected to the longitudinal axis auger rod. When the crushing cone rotates in the cone cylinder, it will squeeze and crush the lignite, thereby breaking the lignite particles into particles of a specified size and falling into the distributor. Thereafter, the rotary distributor is rotated to discharge the lignite particles outward from the discharge hole and dumped into the furnace body for combustion.

[0023] In the present application, a plurality of electrode rings are installed in the jet tube, the innermost electrode ring is connected to the positive pole of the electric box, and the outer electrode rings are connected to the negative pole of the electric box. When igniting, the two closest electrode rings can be connected to the circuit to maintain stable plasma generation, and then the position of the electrode ring connected to the negative pole is gradually changed, and the distance between the two energized electrode rings is gradually increased to form a stable plasma torch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the flue gas purification component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the isolation chamber of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the distributor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distributor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the jet tube of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0033] Fig.10 The present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B.

[0034] Description of reference numerals: 1. furnace body; 101. inlet; 102. outlet; 103. isolation chamber; 1031. distributor; 1032. ceramic filter; 1033. cone; 1034. crushing cone; 1035. rotary distributor; 1036. discharge hole; 104. grate; 1041. carrier plate; 11. flue gas purification component; 1101. top cover; 1102. scrubber; 1103. flue gas pipe; 1104. filter disc; 1105. flue gas purification filter cover; 1106. ceramic filter element; 1107. flue gas discharge pipe; 1108. washing liquid discharge pipe; 12. opening for taking and placing component; 1201. opening Cylinder; 1202, cylinder cover; 1203, observation window; 1204, shaft sleeve; 1205, support shaft; 1206, support plate; 1207, threaded cylinder; 1208, lock buckle; 1209, U-shaped card; 13, thermal plasma combustion components; 1301, electrical box; 1302, jet tube; 1303, electrode ring; 1304, air flow groove; 1305, docking tube; 1306, ventilation pipe; 14, adding pipe; 2, coal hopper lock; 201, horizontal axis feeding pipe; 202, storage hopper; 203, horizontal axis auger rod; 204, horizontal axis motor; 205, vertical axis motor; 206, vertical axis feeding pipe; 207, vertical axis auger rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 10 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0036] It should be noted that the drawings are schematic and not to scale. For the sake of clarity and convenience, the relative sizes and proportions of the parts shown in the drawings are exaggerated or reduced in size, and any size is only illustrative and not restrictive. In addition, the same reference symbol is used for the same structure, element or accessory appearing in more than two figures to reflect similar features.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] The present invention discloses a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste. Figure 1 , 2, 3, 5, and 6, a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste includes a furnace body 1, an inlet 101 and an outlet 102 are respectively provided on the top and bottom of the furnace body 1, a coal lock hopper 2 is installed on the top of the inlet 101, a grate 104 is also provided in the furnace body 1, a carrier plate 1041 is installed at the center of the grate 104 for placing radioactive waste, a side of the coal lock hopper 2 is also connected to a transverse feed pipe 201, and a storage material is installed above the end of the transverse feed pipe 201. Bucket 202, a horizontal axis motor 204 is also installed at the end position of the horizontal axis feeding pipe 201, the output shaft of the horizontal axis motor 204 extends into the horizontal axis feeding pipe 201 and is connected to the horizontal axis auger rod 203, a longitudinal axis motor 205 is also installed on the top of the coal locking bucket 2, the output shaft of the longitudinal axis motor 205 extends downward into the furnace body 1 and is installed with a longitudinal axis auger rod 207, a longitudinal axis feeding pipe 206 is also connected to the bottom of the coal locking bucket 2, and the longitudinal axis auger rod 207 is rotatably set in the longitudinal axis feeding pipe 206.

[0039] Specifically, the horizontal axis motor 204 can drive the horizontal axis auger rod 203 to rotate, so that the lignite in the storage hopper 202 can be transported to the coal locking hopper 2 through the horizontal axis auger rod 203, and the heat generated by the combustion in the furnace body 1 will enter the coal locking hopper 2 through partial heat transfer to preheat the lignite. Subsequently, when the vertical axis motor 205 is started, it can drive the vertical axis auger rod 207 to rotate, and the provided vertical axis feeding pipe 206 can isolate the flue gas from direct contact with the lignite, thereby avoiding premature ignition of the lignite. With the cooperation of the vertical axis auger rod 207, fuel can be continuously input into the furnace body 1 to maintain combustion, thereby facilitating the full decomposition of radioactive waste.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 4, a flue gas purification component 11 is installed on the outer surface of the furnace body 1. The flue gas purification component 11 includes a top cover 1101 and a scrubbing tower 1102. The scrubbing tower 1102 is threadedly installed at the bottom of the top cover 1101. It adopts a segmented design. When necessary, the scrubbing tower 1102 can be removed from the bottom of the top cover 1101 for cleaning, and the activated carbon filler in the flue gas purification filter cover 1105 can be replaced. In addition, a scrubbing liquid inlet pipe is installed on the top of the top cover 1101, and a scrubbing liquid outlet pipe 1108 is installed on the bottom of the scrubbing tower 1102. The scrubbing liquid can be introduced to further enhance the purification effect of the flue gas. A flue gas purification filter cover is also provided at the top opening of the scrubbing tower 1102. 1105, convenient for cleaning and purifying flue gas, a flue gas pipe 1103 is installed on the side of the top cover 1101, the flue gas pipe 1103 is connected to the top of the furnace body 1, and a filter 1104 is installed at the bottom opening of the top cover 1101, the flue gas purification filter cover 1105 is filled with activated carbon filler, and a ceramic filter element 1106 is also installed in the middle of the scrubber 1102, the ceramic filter element 1106 is arranged in a cone shape, and a plurality of penetration holes are opened on the top of the ceramic filter element 1106, the ceramic filter element 1106 arranged in a cone shape can make the flue gas and the washing liquid further mixed, so as to facilitate the purification of the flue gas, and a flue gas exhaust pipe 1107 is also connected to the side of the scrubber 1102 below the ceramic filter element 1106;

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 8, a thermal plasma combustion component 13 is also installed on the outer surface of the furnace body 1. The thermal plasma combustion component 13 includes an electric box 1301 and a jet tube 1302. A plurality of electrode rings 1303 are arranged in the jet tube 1302, and the electrode rings 1303 are electrically connected to the electric box 1301 through wires. A docking tube 1305 is installed on the openings of a plurality of air flow grooves 1304. Air flow grooves 1304 are opened between the plurality of electrode rings 1303. The same ventilation pipe 1306 is installed on the plurality of docking tubes 1305. The ventilation pipe 1306 passes through the electric box 1301 and is provided with an interface. The electrode ring 1303 closest to the electric box 1301 in the jet tube 1302 is connected to the positive electrode of the electric box 1301, and the other electrodes in the jet tube 1302 are connected to the positive electrode of the electric box 1301. The electrode rings 1303 are respectively connected to the negative pole of the electric box 1301. When igniting, the two closest electrode rings 1303 can be connected to the circuit to maintain stable plasma generation. Then, the position of the electrode ring 1303 connected to the negative pole is gradually changed, and the distance between the two energized electrode rings 1303 is gradually widened to form a stable plasma torch. Then, the plasma is sprayed on the radioactive waste through the guidance of the jet tube 1302 to burn. The jet tube 1302 is inclined and the bottom end is arranged directly opposite to the carrier plate 1041. In addition, an addition tube 14 is installed on the furnace body 1 at a position symmetrical to the thermal plasma combustion component 13. During the combustion process, a mixture of coal powder, water and tar can be added to the furnace body 1 through the addition tube 14 to help combustion.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 9 and 10, in order to facilitate the placement and removal of radioactive waste into the furnace body 1, an opening placement component 12 is further installed on the outer side of the furnace body 1, and the opening placement component 12 includes an opening cylinder 1201 installed on the front side of the furnace body 1, the opening cylinder 1201 is tilted, and the bottom end of the opening cylinder 1201 is directly opposite to the carrier plate 1041, and a cylinder cover 1202 is hingedly installed at the opening of the opening cylinder 1201, and an observation window 1203 is also installed on the cylinder cover 1202; the opening placement component 12 also includes a support shaft 1205 arranged on the side of the opening cylinder 1201 and the cylinder cover 1202, and shaft sleeves 1204 are installed on the side of the opening cylinder 1201 and the cylinder cover 1202, and the shaft sleeves 1204 are installed on the side of the opening cylinder 1201 and the cylinder cover 1202. 204 is rotatably mounted on the support shaft 1205, and a support plate 1206 is also installed on the open cylinder 1201 in the opposite direction of the support shaft 1205, and a threaded cylinder 1207 is installed on the support plate 1206. A lock buckle 1208 is installed in the threaded cylinder 1207, and a U-shaped card 1209 matching the lock buckle 1208 is also installed on the cylinder cover 1202. When working, the lock buckle 1208 can be rotated to loosen the cylinder cover 1202, and then the cylinder cover 1202 can be flipped open. The open cylinder 1201 is connected to the furnace body 1, and the bottom end of the open cylinder 1201 is opposite to the carrier plate 1041 at the center of the grate 104, so that radioactive waste can be easily taken in and out.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] Reference Figure 3 , 5As shown in Figures 6 and 7, on the basis of the first embodiment, an isolation chamber 103 can be further provided in the furnace body 1, a ceramic filter screen 1032 is installed inside the isolation chamber 103, and a distributor 1031 is installed in the middle of the ceramic filter screen 1032, the bottom end of the longitudinal feed pipe 206 is docked and installed on the distributor 1031, a plurality of discharge holes 1036 are provided in a bottom annular array on the side of the distributor 1031, and the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod 207 extends into the distributor 1031 and is provided with a rotary distributor 1035, three blades are provided in the rotary distributor 1035, the blades are arranged in an arc shape, and the edges of the blades are arranged close to the inner wall of the distributor 1031, and a cone 1033 is also provided in the distributor 1031, and a crushing cone 1034 is provided in the cone 1033, and the crushing cone 1034 It is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod 207 and maintains an eccentric connection with the longitudinal auger rod 207. When the longitudinal auger rod 207 rotates, it can also drive the crushing cone 1034 to rotate continuously. The crushing cone 1034 is eccentrically mounted on the longitudinal auger rod 207, which will cause the distance between the crushing cone 1034 and the inner wall of the cone cylinder 1033 to change continuously. While changing, it will continuously squeeze and crush the lignite. After the lignite is crushed into particles of a specified size, it will fall from the bottom of the cone cylinder 1033 and fall into the distributor 1031. As the longitudinal auger rod 207 continuously pushes the rotating distributor 1035 to rotate, the lignite particles can be pushed outward from the discharge hole 1036 and fall into the furnace body 1, which is convenient for adding fuel and keeps the lignite particles of uniform size for easy combustion.

[0046] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0047] The implementation principle of a plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when conducting a reflective waste combustion test, first loosen the lock buckle 1208. Due to the cooperation between the lock buckle 1208 and the threaded barrel 1207, it can be loosened outwards, thereby disengaging from the U-shaped card 1209, making it convenient to untie the restraint of the barrel cover 1202. After flipping the barrel cover 1202 outwards to open it, radioactive waste can be placed in the furnace body 1 through the open barrel 1201, and the radioactive waste can be placed in the carrier plate 1041 at the center of the grate 104. Then, after closing the barrel cover 1202, the circuit of the electric box 1301 can be connected. When igniting, first connect the circuit to the two electrode rings 1303 closest to the inner end. Since the electrode rings at the innermost end 1303 is connected to the positive electrode of the electric box 1301, and the electrode rings 1303 at the outer ends are all connected to the negative electrode of the electric box 1301, so as to maintain stable plasma generation, and then gradually change the position of the electrode ring 1303 connected to the negative electrode, and gradually increase the distance between the two energized electrode rings 1303 to form a stable plasma torch, and then spray it on the radioactive waste through the guidance of the jet tube 1302 for combustion. The jet tube 1302 is inclined and the bottom end is arranged directly opposite to the carrier plate 1041, and an addition pipe 14 is also installed on the furnace body 1 at a position symmetrical to the thermal plasma combustion component 13. During the combustion process, a mixture of coal powder, water and tar can be added to the furnace body 1 through the addition pipe 14 to help combustion;

[0048] In addition, in order to maintain continuous combustion in the furnace body 1, it is necessary to continuously add lignite fuel to the furnace body 1. At this time, the horizontal axis motor 204 can drive the horizontal axis auger rod 203 to rotate, so that the lignite in the storage hopper 202 can be transported to the coal lock hopper 2 through the horizontal axis auger rod 203. The heat generated by the combustion in the furnace body 1 will enter the coal lock hopper 2 through partial heat transfer to preheat the lignite. Subsequently, when the vertical axis motor 205 is started, the vertical axis auger rod 207 can be driven to rotate, and the provided vertical axis feeding pipe 206 can isolate the flue gas from direct contact with the lignite to avoid premature ignition of the lignite. With the cooperation of the vertical axis auger rod 207, fuel can be continuously input into the furnace body 1 to maintain combustion, thereby facilitating the full decomposition of radioactive waste. In order to keep the lignite particle size full In order to meet the requirement of rapid combustion, it is necessary to ensure that the size of the semi-coke particles input meets the requirement. While the longitudinal auger rod 207 is rotating, it can also drive the crushing cone 1034 to rotate continuously. The crushing cone 1034 is eccentrically installed on the longitudinal auger rod 207, which will cause the distance between the crushing cone 1034 and the inner wall of the cone cylinder 1033 to change continuously. While changing, it will continuously squeeze and crush the semi-coke. After the semi-coke is crushed into particles of a specified size, it will fall from the bottom of the cone cylinder 1033 and fall into the distributor 1031. As the longitudinal auger rod 207 continuously pushes the rotating distributor 1035 to rotate, the semi-coke particles can be pushed out from the discharge hole 1036 and fall into the furnace body 1, which is convenient for adding fuel and keeping the semi-coke particles of uniform size for easy combustion.

[0049] In order to treat the flue gas generated by combustion, a washing liquid inlet pipe is connected to the top cover 1101, and the washing liquid can be introduced into the washing tower 1102 and discharged through the washing liquid discharge pipe 1108 at the bottom of the washing tower 1102. The introduced washing liquid can fully purify the pollutants in the flue gas. The segmented design can remove the washing tower 1102 from the bottom of the top cover 1101 for cleaning when necessary, and the activated carbon filler in the flue gas purification filter cover 1105 can be replaced. The conical ceramic filter element 1106 can further mix the flue gas and the washing liquid, thereby facilitating the purification of the flue gas.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) comprises a furnace body (1), wherein an inlet (101) and an outlet (102) are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the furnace body (1), a coal locking hopper (2) is installed on the top of the inlet (101), and a flue gas purification component (11), an opening access component (12) and a thermal plasma combustion component (13) are installed on the outer surface of the furnace body (1): The flue gas purification component (11) comprises a top cover (1101) and a scrubbing tower (1102); the scrubbing tower (1102) is threadedly mounted on the bottom of the top cover (1101); a scrubbing liquid inlet pipe is mounted on the top of the top cover (1101); a scrubbing liquid outlet pipe (1108) is mounted on the bottom of the scrubbing tower (1102); and a flue gas purification filter cover (1105) is also disposed at the top opening of the scrubbing tower (1102) to facilitate cleaning and purifying flue gas; The opening access component (12) comprises an opening cylinder (1201) mounted on the front side of the furnace body (1), a cylinder cover (1202) being hingedly mounted at the opening of the opening cylinder (1201), and an observation window (1203) being also mounted on the cylinder cover (1202); The thermal plasma combustion component (13) comprises an electrical box (1301) and a jet tube (1302), a plurality of electrode rings (1303) are arranged in the jet tube (1302), air flow grooves (1304) are provided between the plurality of electrode rings (1303), and the electrode rings (1303) are electrically connected to the electrical box (1301) via electric wires; The electrode ring (1303) in the jet tube (1302) closest to the electric box (1301) is connected to the positive electrode of the electric box (1301), and the other electrode rings (1303) in the jet tube (1302) are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the electric box (1301). When the current in the electric box (1301) is connected, discharge will occur between the electrode ring (1303) connected to the positive electrode and the electrode ring (1303) connected to the negative electrode to generate plasma, which will be sprayed onto the radioactive waste under the guidance of the jet tube (1302) for combustion; The furnace body (1) is further provided with a grate (104), and a carrier plate (1041) is installed at the center of the grate (104) for placing radioactive waste. The jet tube (1302) and the open tube (1201) are both arranged obliquely, and the bottom ends of the jet tube (1302) and the open tube (1201) are arranged directly opposite to the carrier plate (1041). The furnace body (1) is further provided with an isolation chamber (103), and a ceramic filter screen (1032) is installed inside the isolation chamber (103), and a distributor (1031) is installed in the middle of the ceramic filter screen (1032). A longitudinal feed pipe (206) is also connected to the bottom of the coal lock hopper (2), and the bottom end of the longitudinal feed pipe (206) is butt-connected to the bottom of the coal lock hopper (2). On the distributor (1031), a plurality of discharge holes (1036) are provided in a circular array at the bottom of the side of the distributor (1031), and the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod (207) extends into the distributor (1031) and is provided with a rotary distributor (1035), wherein three blades are provided in the rotary distributor (1035), and the blades are arranged in an arc shape, and the edges of the blades are arranged close to the inner wall of the distributor (1031). The distributor (1031) is also provided with a cone (1033), and a crushing cone (1034) is provided in the cone (1033), and the crushing cone (1034) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the longitudinal auger rod (207) and is eccentrically connected to the longitudinal auger rod (207).

2. A plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flue gas pipe (1103) is installed on the side of the top cover (1101), the flue gas pipe (1103) is connected to the top of the furnace body (1), and a filter sheet (1104) is installed at the bottom opening of the top cover (1101). The flue gas purification filter cover (1105) is filled with activated carbon filler. A ceramic filter element (1106) is also installed in the middle of the scrubbing tower (1102). The ceramic filter element (1106) is arranged in a conical shape and has a plurality of penetration holes on the top. A flue gas exhaust pipe (1107) is also connected to the side of the scrubbing tower (1102) below the ceramic filter element (1106).

3. The plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening access component (12) further comprises a support shaft (1205) arranged on the side of the opening cylinder (1201) and the cylinder cover (1202); a shaft sleeve (1204) is installed on the side of each of the opening cylinder (1201) and the cylinder cover (1202); the shaft sleeve (1204) is rotatably sleeved on the support shaft (1205); a support plate (1206) is also installed on the opening cylinder (1201) in the opposite direction of the support shaft (1205); a threaded cylinder (1207) is installed on the support plate (1206); a lock buckle (1208) is installed in the threaded cylinder (1207) in a threaded manner; and a U-shaped card (1209) that cooperates with the lock buckle (1208) is also installed on the cylinder cover (1202).

4. The plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transverse feed pipe (201) is also connected to the side of the coal lock hopper (2), a storage hopper (202) is installed above the end of the transverse feed pipe (201), a transverse motor (204) is also installed at the end of the transverse feed pipe (201), the output shaft of the transverse motor (204) extends into the transverse feed pipe (201) and is connected to a transverse auger rod (203), a longitudinal motor (205) is also installed on the top of the coal lock hopper (2), the output shaft of the longitudinal motor (205) extends downward into the furnace body (1) and is installed with a longitudinal auger rod (207), and the longitudinal auger rod (207) is rotatably arranged in the longitudinal feed pipe (206).

5. The plasma gasification furnace suitable for radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A butt joint pipe (1305) is installed on the openings of the plurality of air flow grooves (1304), and a same ventilation pipe (1306) is installed on the plurality of butt joint pipes (1305). The ventilation pipe (1306) passes through the electrical box (1301) and is provided with an interface.

Images