Proximal femoral fixation plate

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and proposes a proximal femoral fixation steel plate, comprising a steel plate body and a first screw, wherein the first screw comprises a nail tube, a rotating cylinder and a drill rod, wherein the nail tube penetrates and is slidably arranged in the steel plate body, and the peripheral side of the nail tube is provided with an annular groove and a first through hole that are interconnected; the rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged in the annular groove, and the peripheral side thereof is provided with an interconnected reinforcement groove and a second through hole; the drill rod is fixedly arranged on the rotating cylinder, and its length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the nail tube, and the side away from the axis of the nail tube is spaced from the peripheral side of the rotating cylinder. The present invention arranges a rotating cylinder and a drill rod on the nail tube, and when the nail tube is screwed into the femur, the drill rod can be driven to move along the axial direction of the nail tube, so as to open a line groove for storing bone cement on the inner wall of the femoral borehole, which not only improves the degree of fixation of the first screw and the femur, but also reduces the damage area of ​​the femur to the drill rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a proximal femoral fixation steel plate. Background Art

[0002] The proximal femoral fixation plate is a common medical device suitable for femoral fractures. By using a plate in combination with screws to fix the fracture position of the patient's femur, the patient's fracture position can be placed in a relatively stable environment, thereby improving the healing efficiency of the patient's fracture position.

[0003] The invention patent with the announcement number CN113349908B discloses a bidirectional compression nail plate system for femoral metaphysis fracture, including a fixed titanium plate, a first hollow compression screw, a first hollow locking screw, a second hollow compression screw, an external frame guide system and a bone cement injection system, wherein the fixed titanium plate is provided with a plurality of nail holes along its length direction, the first hollow compression screw and the first hollow locking screw are arranged on the same side of the titanium plate, and the front ends of the first hollow compression screw and the first hollow locking screw are both provided with occlusal threads, the first hollow compression screw and the first hollow locking screw are both provided with internal thread holes, the second hollow compression screw is provided with external threads, and the external frame guide system includes a guide plate and a stabilizing column, and at least two stabilizing columns are provided between the guide plate and the fixed plate. Bidirectional compression is equivalent to a double steel plate structure, which improves the bonding strength and shear resistance, but reduces the surgical incision, reduces the risk, simplifies the operation steps, and improves the operation efficiency.

[0004] In the above technical solution, a hollow pressure screw, a side hole and a bone cement injection system are provided. The bone cement injection system is used to inject bone cement into the pressure screw, allowing the bone cement to flow into the bone tissue along the side hole to enhance the fixation firmness of the hollow pressure screw. However, this structure is only suitable for patients with osteoporosis. When the bone in the patient's femur is firm, the bone cement is not easy to diffuse from the side hole into the bone tissue, resulting in the screw being able to connect to the bone tissue only by relying on the thread, and its fixation firmness is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a proximal femoral fixation steel plate, which reduces the damage caused to the bone tissue while improving the firmness of fixation between the first screw and the bone tissue.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention provides a proximal femoral fixation steel plate, comprising a steel plate body and a first screw, wherein the first screw comprises a nail tube, a rotating cylinder and a drill rod, wherein:

[0007] The nail tube penetrates and is slidably arranged in the steel plate body, the outer side of the front end thereof is provided with a thread, and the rear end thereof is detachably fixedly connected to the steel plate body, and the peripheral side of the nail tube is provided with an annular groove and a first through hole which are interconnected;

[0008] The rotating drum is rotatably arranged in the annular groove and is coaxially arranged with the nail tube. The outer diameter of the rotating drum is equal to the outer diameter of the nail tube. A mutually connected reinforcement groove and a second through hole are opened on the circumference of the rotating drum, and the second through hole is connected with the first through hole.

[0009] The drill rod is fixed on the rotating drum, with its length direction parallel to the axial direction of the nail tube, and its side away from the axis of the nail tube is spaced apart from the circumference of the rotating drum. The end of the drill rod close to the rear end of the nail tube is located in the reinforcement groove.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the first perforation comprises an arc-shaped hole, and the cross section of the arc-shaped hole is semicircular;

[0011] The drill rod, the reinforcement groove and the second through-hole are each provided in two groups and correspond one to one. The two groups of the drill rod, the two groups of the reinforcement groove and the two groups of the second through-hole are all symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube, and at least one of the two groups of the second through-holes is connected to the arc-shaped hole.

[0012] More preferably, there are two arc-shaped holes, which are arranged on two sides of the nail tube opposite to each other and spaced apart along the axial direction of the nail tube;

[0013] Each group of the second through holes is provided with two, the two second through holes in the same group are spaced apart along the axial direction of the nail tube, and the spacing between the two second through holes in the same group is equal to the spacing between the two arc holes in the axial direction of the nail tube.

[0014] More preferably, the first perforation also includes two circular holes, the two circular holes correspond one-to-one to the two arc-shaped holes, and the corresponding circular holes and the arc-shaped holes are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube, and the circular hole can be connected to one of the second perforations.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a plurality of reinforcing parts are further provided on the rotating drum, and the reinforcing parts are located in the reinforcement grooves and are truncated cone-shaped protrusions or spherical grooves.

[0016] More preferably, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the annular groove near the front end of the nail tube, and an end of the drill rod near the front end of the nail tube extends out of an end of the rotating cylinder near the front end of the nail tube;

[0017] The rotating drum can be slidably connected to the annular groove along the axial direction of the nail tube. When the rotating drum slides to an end of the annular groove close to the rear end of the nail tube, the drill rod is rotated and arranged in the annular groove. When the rotating drum slides to an end of the annular groove away from the rear end of the nail tube, the drill rod is clamped with the limiting groove.

[0018] More preferably, the cross section of the drill rod is triangular, and one end thereof close to the rear end of the nail tube abuts against one side of the reinforcement groove close to the rear end of the nail tube, and the drill rod spans but does not block the second through hole.

[0019] More preferably, a side of the drill rod in the reinforcement groove away from the nail tube axis is flush with the circumferential side of the rotating drum.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, it further comprises a second screw, wherein the second screw comprises a screw rod and a screw head, wherein:

[0021] A nail hole is provided in the steel plate body, and the screw rod penetrates and is slidably arranged in the nail hole. The outer side of the screw rod is provided with a thread, and the front end of the screw rod is in a cone shape, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the peripheral side of the front end of the screw rod.

[0022] The screw head is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the screw rod and is arranged against the steel plate body. The screw head is spherical in shape, with threads arranged on the outer side thereof, and an operating hole is opened at one end thereof away from the screw rod;

[0023] The operating hole includes a wrench hole and a positioning hole, wherein:

[0024] The wrench hole is arranged at an end of the screw head away from the screw rod;

[0025] The positioning hole is arranged in the middle position of the wrench hole close to one side of the screw rod, and is a tapered hole structure.

[0026] More preferably, the nail hole includes a large hole portion and a small hole portion, the large hole portion and the small hole portion are connected, the inner diameter of the large hole portion and the inner diameter of the small hole portion are both larger than the outer diameter of the screw, and the inner diameter of the large hole portion is larger than the outer diameter of the screw head, and the inner diameter of the small hole portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the screw head;

[0027] There are multiple nail holes and multiple second screws, and the lines connecting the center points of the large hole parts and the small hole parts in the multiple nail holes are parallel.

[0028] The proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] (1) By arranging a rotating cylinder and a drill rod on the nail tube, when the nail tube is screwed into the femur, the drill rod can be driven to move along the axial direction of the nail tube, so as to open a wire groove for storing bone cement on the inner wall of the femoral hole, which not only improves the fixation degree between the first screw and the femur, but also reduces the damage area of ​​the femur caused by the drill rod;

[0030] (2) By providing an arc hole, two groups of drill rods, two groups of reinforcement grooves and two groups of second through holes, when the rotating drum is rotated, it can be ensured that the second through holes are always connected to the first through holes, thereby improving the smoothness of the bone cement injection operation; (3) By providing a limit groove, the rotating drum is slidably connected to the annular groove, and the cross-section of the drill rod is set to a triangle. When the nail tube is screwed out, the drill rod can be driven to rotate to cut off the bone cement in the reinforcement groove, thereby improving the convenience of the first screw removal operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A stereoscopic view of a proximal femur fixation steel plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A stereoscopic view of a first screw in a proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 4 A stereoscopic view of the annular groove in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A stereoscopic view of the rotating cylinder in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the first screw of the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention when the circular hole and the second through hole are in a state of coinciding with each other;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the first screw of the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention when the circular hole does not overlap with the second through hole;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a front view of the rotating cylinder in the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 A top view of the rotating cylinder in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a main cross-sectional view of the rotating cylinder in the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 It is a top cross-sectional view of the rotating cylinder in the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the second screw in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.13 It is a stereoscopic view of the second screw and the plate body in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.14 It is a stereoscopic view of the groove in the proximal femoral fixation plate of the present invention.

[0046] Among them: 1. steel plate body; 101. nail hole; 1011. large hole part; 1012. small hole part; 2. first screw; 21. nail tube; 22. rotating drum; 23. drill rod; 201. annular groove; 202. first through hole; 2021. arc hole; 2022. round hole; 203. reinforcement groove; 204. second through hole; 205. reinforcement part; 206. limiting groove; 3. second screw; 31. screw rod; 32. screw head; 301. cutting groove; 302. operating hole; 3021. wrench hole; 3022. positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the specific implementation of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the present invention. Obviously, the described implementation is only a part of the implementation of the present invention, not all of the implementation. Based on the implementation of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the proximal femoral fixation steel plate of the present invention comprises a steel plate body 1, a first screw 2 and a second screw 3, and is used to fix a fractured femur.

[0049] Among them, the steel plate body 1 is a long strip plate-like structure, and its shape is customized according to the shape of the patient's femur, which is used to fit the patient's femur, thereby providing a stable environment for the patient's femur and avoiding secondary fractures at the femoral fracture site during the healing stage.

[0050] The first screw 2 and the second screw 3 are used to connect and fix the femur and the steel plate body 1. In the prior art, in order to improve the fixation firmness of the first screw 2 and the patient's femur, a variety of methods are used, such as increasing the number of first screws 2 used, adjusting the layout angle of the first screw 2 to form an oblique insertion structure in the femur, and setting the first screw 2 to be hollow and injecting bone cement into it. Among them, the first two methods will not only make the disassembly and assembly of the fixed steel plate more cumbersome, but also increase the damage to the patient's femur. The third method uses bone cement to connect the bone tissue in the femur with the screw. The operation is simple and the damage to the patient's femur is small. It has been widely used in femoral fracture surgery.

[0051] The first screw 2 is the main connecting structure of the steel plate body 1, which is used to fix with the femoral head of the femur. It is embedded in the femur for a long time and plays a key connecting role. In the prior art, the first screw 2 only has a cavity inside it to allow bone cement to penetrate into the bone tissue through the cavity. However, this method is only suitable for patients with osteoporosis. For patients with compact bones, the connection effect of bone cement is not great, resulting in certain limitations of the hollow first screw 2.

[0052] The present invention is used to eliminate the limitation of the first screw 2 in terms of the density of the patient's bone tissue. The first screw 2 is configured to include a screw tube 21, a rotating cylinder 22 and a drill rod 23, as follows:

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the nail tube 21 penetrates and is slidably arranged in the steel plate body 1, and a thread is provided on the outer side of the front end of the nail tube 21, and the rear end of the nail tube 21 is detachably fixedly connected to the steel plate body 1. The nail tube 21 is screwed into the patient's femur by utilizing the thread at the front end of the nail tube 21, and then the steel plate body 1 attached to the patient's fracture position is fixed by utilizing the penetration and sliding cooperation of the nail tube 21 and the steel plate body 1 and the detachable fixed connection between the rear end of the nail tube 21 and the steel plate body 1, thereby providing a stable environment for the patient's fracture position and promoting the healing of the femur.

[0054] The nail tube 21 is a hollow tubular structure, and the cavity inside it is a bone cement injection channel. Different from the prior art, the nail tube 21 is provided with an annular groove 201 and a first through hole 202 that are interconnected. The annular groove 201 is a groove structure with a circular cross section. The rotating drum 22 is rotatably arranged in the annular groove 201 and is coaxially arranged with the nail tube 21. The outer diameter of the rotating drum 22 is equal to the outer diameter of the nail tube 21. Figure 3As shown, the circumferential side of the rotating cylinder 22 is always flush with the circumferential side of the nail tube 21; wherein, a mutually connected reinforcement groove 203 and a second through hole 204 are opened on the circumferential side of the rotating cylinder 22, the first through hole 202 penetrates into the interior of the nail tube 21, and the second through hole 204 is connected to the first through hole 202; therefore, bone cement can flow into the reinforcement groove 203, the bone tissue and the gap between the nail tube 21 and the bone tissue through the interior of the nail tube 21, the first through hole 202 and the second through hole 204 in sequence. After the bone cement solidifies, one end of the bone cement is located in the reinforcement groove 203 and the other end is located in the bone tissue, so that the nail tube 21 and the rotating cylinder 22 can be reinforced to prevent the nail tube 21 and the rotating cylinder 22 from moving along their axial direction, thereby improving the fixing strength of the first screw 2 and the bone tissue.

[0055] The drill rod 23 is the core structure of the present invention to eliminate the limitations of the first screw 2. Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the drill rod 23 is fixedly arranged on the rotating cylinder 22, specifically, on the peripheral side of the rotating cylinder 22, the length direction of the drill rod 23 is parallel to the axial direction of the nail tube 21, and the side away from the axis of the nail tube 21 extends out of the peripheral side of the rotating cylinder 22 and is spaced from the peripheral side of the nail tube 21, and the end of the drill rod 23 close to the rear end of the nail tube 21 is located in the reinforcement groove 203; in the process of rotating the nail tube 21 and screwing it into the femur, the front end of the drill rod 23 (the end of the drill rod 23 away from the rear end of the nail tube 21) is against the femur of the patient, so that the drill rod 23 is subjected to pressure along its axial direction, thereby The drill rod 23 and the rotating cylinder 22 do not rotate with the nail tube 21. Since the nail tube 21 moves along its axial direction during the twisting process, the drill rod 23 can be driven to move axially along the nail tube 21 and drill into the femur, so that a wire groove is drilled on the inner wall of the drill hole of the femur by the drill rod 23. When the first screw 2 is fixed in the femur, bone cement is injected into the nail tube 21. The bone cement can flow into the reinforcement groove 203 and the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23 through the first through hole 202 and the second through hole 204, thereby strengthening the fixation of the first screw 2 to the patient's femur.

[0056] For patients with osteoporosis, although bone cement can originally penetrate into the bone tissue, the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23 can increase the amount of bone cement penetrating into the bone tissue, thereby playing a role of icing on the cake. For patients with compact bones, bone cement cannot originally penetrate into the bone tissue, or the amount of bone cement penetrating into the bone tissue is very small. However, the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23 can make a large amount of bone cement penetrate into the bone tissue, which plays a vital role in the connection strength between the first screw 2 and the femur.

[0057] The reason why the drill rod 23 is allowed to move linearly along the axial direction of the nail tube 21, rather than spirally following the nail tube 21, is to minimize the length of the moving path of the drill rod 23, reduce the span of the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23 and the amount of bone cement required by the patient, thereby avoiding secondary injury to the femur that has already suffered a fracture, which is beneficial to the healing of the patient's femur.

[0058] The end of the drill rod 23 away from the rear end of the nail tube 21 is preferably pointed, so that it is easier to drill into the patient's femur; as for the specific connection method between the rear end of the nail tube 21 and the steel plate body 1, it can be fixed by threaded matching or by abutment setting to adapt to different patients.

[0059] Assume that the solid cross-sectional area of ​​the first screw 2 at the first through hole 202 is a, the hollow cross-sectional area of ​​the first screw 2 at the first through hole 202 is b, the length of the fixing groove 203 is c, the width of the drill rod 23 extending out of the nail tube 21 near the reinforcement groove 203 is d, and the maximum pressure on the first screw 2 during normal activities of the patient is M. For details, refer to Figure 6 and Fig. 9 , a is Figure 6 The middle oblique line fill area, b is Figure 6 The blank area where the drill rod 23 protrudes from the nail tube 21 is not included, and c and d are Fig. 9 and Figure 6 The length of the position represented by; according to the compressive strength formula ρ = P / A, wherein ρ represents the compressive strength of the bone cement after curing, P represents the force applied to the bone cement, and A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the shear stress. In order to avoid the bone cement in the reinforcement groove 203 and the bone cement in the wire groove from breaking, ρ>[M·b / (a+b)] / (d·e), and finally it is derived that b / [d·e(a+b)]<ρ / M. The size design of the reinforcement groove 203 and the drill rod 23 can avoid the bone cement in the reinforcement groove 203 and the bone cement in the wire groove from breaking by following the above formula.

[0060] During the process of drilling the first screw 2 into the patient's femur, the first through-hole 202 moves along a spiral path, while the second through-hole 204 moves along a straight path. After the first screw 2 is drilled into the femur, the first through-hole 202 and the second through-hole 204 are disconnected, resulting in the inability of bone cement to flow normally into the reinforcement groove 203 and the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23. In order to solve this problem, the first through-hole 202 of the present invention includes an arc hole 2021 and a round hole 2022, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the drill rod 23, the reinforcement groove 203 and the second through hole 204 are provided in two groups, and correspond to each other. The two groups of drill rods 23, the two groups of reinforcement grooves 203 and the two groups of second through holes 204 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube 21, and the cross section of the arc hole 2021 is semicircular, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the arc-shaped hole 2021 spans half of the cross-section of the nail tube 21. When the nail tube 21 rotates, the arc-shaped hole 2021 can be connected with at least one group of the second through holes 204, that is, at least one group of the two groups of second through holes 204 is connected with the arc-shaped hole 2021, thereby ensuring that the bone cement flows into at least one of the reinforcement grooves 203, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the bone cement channel and the firmness of the fixation of the first screw 2 to the femur.

[0061] In order to allow bone cement to fill the two reinforcement grooves 203 and the wire grooves cut by the two drill rods 23, Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides two arc-shaped holes 2021, and the two arc-shaped holes 2021 are relatively arranged on both sides of the nail tube 21 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the nail tube 21; each group of second through-holes 204 is provided with two, and the two second through-holes 204 in the same group are spaced apart along the axial direction of the nail tube 21, and the spacing between the two second through-holes 204 in the same group is equal to the spacing between the two arc-shaped holes 2021 in the axial direction of the nail tube 21, that is, the arc-shaped holes 2021 and the second through-holes 204 are alternately arranged, so that the bone cement at the two arc-shaped holes 2021 can flow into the two reinforcement grooves 203 and the wire grooves cut by the two drill rods 23 at the same time.

[0062] The circular hole 2022 is used to increase the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the bone cement. Similar to the above, two circular holes 2022 are also provided. The two circular holes 2022 correspond to the two arc holes 2021 one by one, and the corresponding circular holes 2022 and arc holes 2021 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube 21. The circular hole 2022 can be connected to one of the second through holes 204, such as Figure 6 In the state shown, the circular hole 2022 and the arc-shaped hole 2021 are both connected to the second through hole 204, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the bone cement channel and accelerating the injection efficiency of the bone cement.

[0063] The rotating cylinder 22 is usually made of metal material, which makes the inner wall of the reinforcement groove 203 relatively smooth, and it is not easy to ensure the connection strength between the bone cement in the reinforcement groove 203 and the rotating cylinder 22. In order to solve this problem, the present invention further provides a plurality of reinforcing parts 205 on the rotating cylinder 22. The reinforcing parts 205 are located in the reinforcement groove 203 and are truncated cone-shaped protrusions or spherical grooves, thereby increasing the contact area between the rotating cylinder 22 and the bone cement and forming a corresponding clamping structure, so that the bone cement and the rotating cylinder 22 are tightly connected; Figure 5 and Figure 8The reinforcement part 205 shown in the figure is a truncated cone-shaped protrusion structure, and the reinforcement part 205 of the spherical groove structure is not shown. Its truncated cone-shaped protrusion not only increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the bone cement and the rotating cylinder 22, but also can form a snap-fit ​​embedded structure therewith to avoid separation of the bone cement and the rotating cylinder 22.

[0064] For young patients, the fixing plate needs to be removed after the femur heals. In this case, the nail tube 21 is screwed outward to drive the rotating cylinder 22 and the drill rod 23 to move outward along the axial direction of the nail tube 21 to remove the entire first screw 2 from the femur. However, the wire groove opened by the drill rod 23 is filled with bone cement, and the strength of bone cement is relatively large, which will cause greater resistance to the removal operation of the drill rod 23 and reduce the removal efficiency of the first screw 2.

[0065] In order to solve the above problems, Fig. 9 As shown, the present invention provides a limiting groove 206 on one side of the annular groove 201 near the front end of the nail tube 21, and the end of the drill rod 23 near the front end of the nail tube 21 extends out of the end of the rotating cylinder 22 near the front end of the nail tube 21, and the rotating cylinder 22 can be slidably connected with the annular groove 201 along the axial direction of the nail tube 21. Specifically, when the nail tube 21 is screwed into the femur, the femur applies pressure to the end of the drill rod 23 near the front end of the nail tube 21, so that the rotating cylinder 22 slides to the end of the annular groove 201 near the rear end of the nail tube 21. At this time, the drill rod 23 is rotatably arranged in the annular groove 201; and when the nail tube 21 is screwed out of the femur, the femur applies pressure to the end of the drill rod 23 close to the rear end of the nail tube 21, so that the rotating cylinder 22 slides to the end of the annular groove 201 away from the rear end of the nail tube 21. At this time, the drill rod 23 is engaged with the limiting groove 206, so that the rotating cylinder 22 and the drill rod 23 are both rotated and moved synchronously with the nail tube 21, allowing the drill rod 23 to be taken out of the femur along a spiral path to avoid most of the bone cement and improve the removal efficiency of the first screw 2.

[0066] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the cross section of the drill rod 23 is triangular, preferably an equilateral triangle, and one end of the drill rod 23 close to the rear end of the nail tube 21 is in contact with one side of the reinforcement groove 203 close to the rear end of the nail tube 21, and one side line thereof is located in the middle of the second through hole 204. The drill rod 23 spans but does not block the second through hole 204. When bone cement flows out of the second through hole 204, one stream of bone cement is divided into two streams by the drill rod 23, so that the bone cement can quickly and evenly fill the reinforcement groove 203; and since the rotating drum 22 can slide in the annular groove 201, in order to increase the communicating area between the second through hole 204 and the first through hole 202, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the second through hole 204 is preferably configured as an oblong through hole.

[0067] When the first screw 2 is turned out, the drill rod 23 is driven to spiral out, which may cause certain damage to the patient's femur. In order to minimize this damage, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the side of the drill rod 23 located in the reinforcement groove 203 away from the axis of the nail tube 21 is flush with the circumferential side of the rotating cylinder 22, and only the part of the drill rod 23 located outside the reinforcement groove 203 protrudes from the rotating cylinder 22; at the same time, since the cross-section of the drill rod 23 is triangular, when the nail tube 21 drives the drill rod 23 to rotate, its edge line can also be used to cut off the bone cement in the reinforcement groove 203 and the bone cement in the wire groove or bone tissue, which also helps to improve the removal efficiency of the first screw 2.

[0068] The second screw 3 plays an auxiliary fixation role and is used to fix the two ends of the femur at the fracture position. The second screw 3 includes a screw rod 31 and a screw head 32. The screw rod 31 penetrates and is slidably set in the nail hole 101 opened in the steel plate body 1. The outer side of the screw rod 31 is also provided with a thread, and its front end is cone-shaped so as to drill into the femur.

[0069] In order to make it easier for the second screw 3 and the first screw 2 to drill into the femur, a plurality of grooves 301 may be provided on the peripheral side of the front end of the second screw 3 and the peripheral side of the front end of the first screw 2 to form a drill-like structure.

[0070] The second screw 3 is different from the first screw 2. The angles at which the second screw 3 is drilled into the femur are not uniform and need to be adjusted according to the actual situation of the patient. In order to solve this problem, the shape of the screw head 32 fixedly set at the rear end of the screw rod 31 is designed. When the second screw 3 fixes the steel plate body 1, the screw head 32 is set against the steel plate body 1. The screw head 32 is set to be in a spherical shape, so that the screw head 32 can still be against the steel plate body 1 during universal rotation, thereby allowing the second screw 3 to adapt to different installation positions; a thread can also be set on the outside of the screw head 32. When the screw head 32 is against the steel plate body 1, this thread can increase the friction between the two, thereby improving the firmness of the fixation of the two.

[0071] When removing the steel plate body 1, the second screw 3 still needs to be removed from the femur. Therefore, an operating hole 302 needs to be opened at the end of the screw head 32 away from the screw rod 31. After a wrench is inserted into the operating hole 302, the second screw 3 can be twisted to separate the second screw 3 from the patient's femur.

[0072] When drilling the second screw 3 into the femur, it is necessary to ensure that the second screw 3 does not shake laterally, otherwise it is easy to cause femoral fracture. In order to improve the connection stability between the operating wrench and the second screw 3, Fig.12As shown, the operating hole 302 includes a wrench hole 3021 and a positioning hole 3022. The wrench hole 3021 is opened at the end of the screw head 32 away from the screw rod 31. It can be in a straight, cross, plum blossom and other shapes to adapt to different types of wrenches; the positioning hole 3022 is opened in the wrench hole 3021 at the middle position close to one side of the screw rod 31, and it is a conical hole structure. The setting of the positioning hole 3022 allows the pointed wrench to always be in the center position of the wrench hole 3021, avoiding the problem of shaking when the second screw 3 is screwed.

[0073] When installing the steel plate body 1, it is necessary to fit the steel plate body 1 to the patient's femur first, and then place the second screw 3 at the nail hole 101 and drill it into the patient's femur. The operation is relatively cumbersome. In order to improve the efficiency of disassembly and assembly of the steel plate body 1, the present invention sets the nail hole 101 to a gourd-shaped structure, such as Fig.13 As shown, the nail hole 101 includes a large hole portion 1011 and a small hole portion 1012, the large hole portion 1011 and the small hole portion 1012 are connected, the inner diameter of the large hole portion 1011 and the inner diameter of the small hole portion 1012 are both larger than the outer diameter of the screw 31, and the inner diameter of the large hole portion 1011 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw head 32, and the inner diameter of the small hole portion 1012 is smaller than the outer diameter of the screw head 32; when installing the steel plate body 1, the second screw 3 can be screwed into the femur first, and then the large hole portion 1011 in the steel plate body 1 can be put on the screw head 32, and then The screw head 32 is moved into the small hole portion 1012 by moving the steel plate body 1, and finally the second screw 3 is tightened; when disassembling the steel plate body 1, the second screw 3 can be loosened first, and then the large hole portion 1011 is moved to the position of the second screw 3 by sliding the steel plate body 1, and then the steel plate body 1 is removed, and finally the second screw 3 is screwed out; the setting of the large hole portion 1011 and the small hole portion 1012 improves the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the steel plate body 1, thereby improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the steel plate body 1.

[0074] In order to fix the femoral fracture position and the steel plate body 1, a plurality of second screws 3 should be provided and respectively located at the two ends of the femoral fracture position. Correspondingly, a plurality of nail holes 101 also need to be provided. At this time, the lines connecting the center point of the large hole portion 1011 to the center point of the small hole portion 1012 in the plurality of nail holes 101 are made parallel. When the steel plate body 1 is slid, all the second screws 3 can be slid from the large hole portion 1011 to the small hole portion 1012, or all the second screws 3 can be slid from the small hole portion 1012 to the large hole portion 1011 without operating the second screws 3 one by one.

[0075] The method of using the proximal femur fixation steel plate of the present invention is as follows:

[0076] S1, repositioning the patient's femur, attaching the steel plate body 1 to the patient's femur, and marking the drilling positions of the first screw 2 and the second screw 3 on the femur;

[0077] S2, remove the steel plate body 1, drill the second screw 3 into the corresponding position in the femur, and keep the screw head 32 a certain distance away from the femur;

[0078] S3, align the large hole 1011 in the steel plate body 1 with the screw head 32, and fit the steel plate body 1 onto the patient's femur through the screw head 32;

[0079] S4, the steel plate body 1 is moved, and after the screw rod 31 is in the small hole 1012, the second screw 3 is screwed so that the screw head 32 pre-compresses the steel plate body 1;

[0080] S5, the first screw 2 is passed through the steel plate body 1 and drilled into the femoral head, and the rear end of the first screw 2 is connected to the steel plate body 1. At the same time, a wire groove is opened on the side wall of the drill hole in the femoral head by using the drill rod 23;

[0081] S6, tighten the first screw 2 and the second screw 3 for a second time to adjust the fixing strength of the steel plate body 1;

[0082] S7, use a bone cement injection device to inject bone cement into the first screw 2, allowing the bone cement to flow into the reinforcement groove 203, the wire groove drilled by the drill rod 23, and the gap between the first screw 2 and the bone tissue through the first perforation 202 and the second perforation 204 in sequence, thereby strengthening the connection strength between the second screw 3 and the femur and providing a stable environment for the healing of the femur.

[0083] In some embodiments, the thickness of the steel plate body 1 is 0.7-3 mm. In step S2, the screw head 32 is preferably spaced 3-5 mm apart from the femur.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A proximal femoral fixation plate, characterized in that: It comprises a steel plate body (1) and a first screw (2), wherein the first screw (2) comprises a nail tube (21), a rotating cylinder (22) and a drill rod (23), wherein: The nail tube (21) penetrates and is slidably arranged in the steel plate body (1), the outer side of the front end thereof is provided with a thread, and the rear end thereof is detachably fixedly connected to the steel plate body (1), and the peripheral side of the nail tube (21) is provided with an annular groove (201) and a first through hole (202) which are interconnected; The rotating cylinder (22) is rotatably disposed in the annular groove (201) and is coaxially disposed with the nail tube (21); the outer diameter of the rotating cylinder (22) is equal to the outer diameter of the nail tube (21); a reinforcing groove (203) and a second through hole (204) which are interconnected are opened on the circumference of the rotating cylinder (22); and the second through hole (204) is connected to the first through hole (202); The drill rod (23) is fixedly arranged on the rotating cylinder (22), and its length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the nail tube (21). The side away from the axis of the nail tube (21) is spaced apart from the circumference of the rotating cylinder (22). The end of the drill rod (23) close to the rear end of the nail tube (21) is located in the reinforcement groove (203).

2. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first through hole (202) comprises an arc-shaped hole (2021), and the cross section of the arc-shaped hole (2021) is semicircular; The drill rod (23), the reinforcement groove (203) and the second through-hole (204) are each provided in two groups, and correspond one to one; the two groups of the drill rod (23), the two groups of the reinforcement groove (203) and the two groups of the second through-hole (204) are all symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube (21), and at least one of the two groups of the second through-hole (204) is connected to the arc-shaped hole (2021).

3. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two arc-shaped holes (2021) are provided, and the two arc-shaped holes (2021) are arranged oppositely on two sides of the nail tube (21) and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the nail tube (21); Each group of the second through holes (204) is provided with two, and the two second through holes (204) in the same group are spaced apart along the axial direction of the nail tube (21), and the spacing between the two second through holes (204) in the same group is equal to the spacing between the two arc-shaped holes (2021) in the axial direction of the nail tube (21).

4. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first through-hole (202) further comprises two circular holes (2022), the two circular holes (2022) corresponding one to the two arc-shaped holes (2021), and the corresponding circular holes (2022) and the arc-shaped holes (2021) are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the nail tube (21), and the circular hole (2022) can be connected to one of the second through-holes (204).

5. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating drum (22) is also provided with a plurality of reinforcing parts (205), and the reinforcing parts (205) are located in the reinforcing grooves (203) and are truncated cone-shaped protrusions or spherical grooves.

6. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting groove (206) is provided on one side of the annular groove (201) close to the front end of the nail tube (21); an end of the drill rod (23) close to the front end of the nail tube (21) extends out of an end of the rotating cylinder (22) close to the front end of the nail tube (21); The rotating cylinder (22) can be slidably connected to the annular groove (201) along the axial direction of the nail tube (21); when the rotating cylinder (22) slides to an end of the annular groove (201) close to the rear end of the nail tube (21), the drill rod (23) is rotatably arranged in the annular groove (201); when the rotating cylinder (22) slides to an end of the annular groove (201) away from the rear end of the nail tube (21), the drill rod (23) is engaged with the limiting groove (206).

7. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the drill rod (23) is triangular, and one end of the drill rod (23) close to the rear end of the nail tube (21) is in contact with one side of the reinforcement groove (203) close to the rear end of the nail tube (21), and the drill rod (23) spans but does not block the second through hole (204).

8. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side of the drill rod (23) located in the reinforcement groove (203) away from the axis of the nail tube (21) is flush with the circumferential side of the rotating drum (22).

9. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second screw (3), wherein the second screw (3) includes a screw rod (31) and a screw head (32), wherein: A nail hole (101) is provided in the steel plate body (1), and the screw rod (31) penetrates and is slidably arranged in the nail hole (101). The outer side of the screw rod (31) is provided with a thread, and the front end thereof is in a cone shape, and a plurality of grooves (301) are provided on the circumference of the front end thereof; The screw head (32) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the screw rod (31) and is arranged in contact with the steel plate body (1); the screw head (32) is spherical in shape, has a thread on its outer side, and has an operating hole (302) at one end away from the screw rod (31); The operating hole (302) includes a wrench hole (3021) and a positioning hole (3022), wherein: The wrench hole (3021) is provided at an end of the screw head (32) away from the screw rod (31); The positioning hole (3022) is arranged in the middle position of the wrench hole (3021) close to one side of the screw rod (31), and is a conical hole structure.

10. The proximal femoral fixation steel plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: The nail hole (101) comprises a large hole portion (1011) and a small hole portion (1012), the large hole portion (1011) and the small hole portion (1012) are connected, the inner diameter of the large hole portion (1011) and the inner diameter of the small hole portion (1012) are both larger than the outer diameter of the screw rod (31), and the inner diameter of the large hole portion (1011) is larger than the outer diameter of the screw head (32), and the inner diameter of the small hole portion (1012) is smaller than the outer diameter of the screw head (32); A plurality of the nail holes (101) and the second screws (3) are provided, and lines connecting the center point of the large hole portion (1011) to the center point of the small hole portion (1012) in the plurality of nail holes (101) are parallel.

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