Open channel ice melting device based on optical collector and optical fiber

Abstract

The open channel ice melting device comprises a light collecting plate and a concrete pile foundation arranged on an open channel dam, and the light collecting plate is rotationally arranged on a vertical support shaft through a rotating support; a pitching rotating assembly acting on the light collecting plate is arranged on the vertical bracket shaft; the vertical support shaft is rotationally arranged on the concrete pile foundation through a bearing, a horizontal rotating assembly acting on the vertical support shaft is arranged on the concrete pile foundation, a light collector is arranged on the light collecting plate, and the light collector communicates with an ice melting floating body on the water surface of the open channel through a light-guide fiber bundle. The light collecting plate rotates along with the sun through the pitching rotating assembly and the horizontal rotating assembly to keep vertical irradiation, so that solar rays are continuously gathered into the light collector and then guided into the ice melting floating body, and photo-thermal energy of the solar rays is conducted to the surface of the canal lining through the ice melting floating body; the effect of preventing freezing of the water body of the open channel during operation in winter is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of open channel water body antifreezing, and in particular to an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] In view of the current situation that the winter water demand for urban industry, agriculture, and municipal administration in the severely cold regions of northern my country is increasing day by day, the number of large-scale water diversion projects in high-cold and long distances that are under construction and have been built is gradually increasing. The winter in the severely cold regions of northern my country (regions with latitudes greater than 40 degrees) is extremely cold and long. Under the influence of severe cold and low temperatures, the freezing of open channels in operation is common, and the scale of freezing gradually expands as the winter low temperatures continue. Therefore, the freezing disasters caused are common and prominent. Under the negative temperature conditions in severely cold regions, the freezing of water flowing in the open channel first starts from the position where the water surface and the lining are combined, and gradually expands to the center of the channel. This will cause the effective cross-section of the open channel to decrease, resulting in a significant reduction in water transfer efficiency. At the same time, the ice push and squeeze caused by the freezing of the open channel water body on the open channel lining, the water body infiltration and frost heaving, etc. will significantly increase the adverse effects of channel foundation swelling, landslides, collapses, etc., causing seasonal dry-ups and causing serious economic losses.

[0003] At present, the winter operation and common anti-freezing measures of open channels in severe cold areas mainly include manual or mechanical deicing, water transfer under ice cover, and groundwater pumping to melt ice. Among them, manual deicing is direct and effective, and ice breaking, ice removal and ice storage facilities need to be set up along the way. The operation and maintenance cost is high, and ice damage such as ice slush and ice jam often occurs repeatedly; the water transfer method under the ice cover is to form a complete layer of ice cover on the surface of the channel water body under the artificial regulation of open channel water transfer, and the water transfer under the ice cover operates normally. This method is low-cost and suitable for severe cold areas. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to control the stable homogeneous ice cover manually, and the ice push and squeeze effect generated by the ice cover significantly damages the channel lining and foundation. The water pumping and ice melting method is to pump the higher temperature groundwater into the open channel to raise the temperature of the open channel water body and prevent the water body from freezing. This method has a good ice melting effect, but the groundwater level in the high-cold area is deep, the energy consumption of groundwater extraction is high, and there are many restrictions on groundwater exploitation. It is difficult to achieve in areas with scarce groundwater resources. In summary, the current low-temperature operation technology of long-distance water diversion projects in winter often has the defects of huge energy, manpower and material consumption and environmental unfriendliness. It is also difficult to eliminate the ice push, ice pull and scouring damage to the lining panels caused by water freezing. This leads to slow progress in the promotion and application of operation control of open channels in winter in cold regions and prevention and control measures for freezing damage caused by water freezing. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt an ice melting control technology that is efficient, energy-saving, green and environmentally friendly, automatically controlled, low-cost and easy to maintain.

[0004] The climate in the extremely cold regions in northern my country (taking Xinjiang as an example) is dry, and even in winter, the solar energy resources are relatively abundant. From the perspective of solar energy density, the amount of solar energy received per unit area, under strong light conditions, the solar energy density on the surface is about 1000W / ㎡. Generally speaking, under sufficient solar energy conditions, a square meter of solar panels can only generate 200 to 400 watts of power. According to statistics, the solar energy density on the surface of northern Xinjiang (near 40° north latitude) in winter (November-March of the following year) is about 800W / ㎡. If the solar energy on a circular plane with a diameter of 1.5m is about 1400W, it is equivalent to the power of an ordinary household electric water heater. This energy is still considerable for open channel ice melting. If the light and heat energy of solar energy is directly collected and utilized and converted into heat energy (common conversion efficiency is 90% to 97%) and auxiliary heating and ice melting is performed at the locations where open channels are most prone to ice formation, it is possible to prevent the initial freezing of open channel water bodies during winter operations, thereby achieving the goal of improving the water transfer efficiency of open channels in winter and reducing freezing disasters. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber, which solves the problem of huge resource consumption in winter operation of existing open channels and common antifreeze measures.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Provided is an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber, which comprises a light collecting plate and a concrete pile foundation arranged on the open channel embankment, wherein the light collecting plate is rotatably arranged on a vertical bracket shaft via a rotating support; a pitch rotating assembly acting on the light collecting plate is arranged on the vertical bracket shaft; the vertical bracket shaft is rotatably arranged on the concrete pile foundation via a bearing, and a horizontal rotating assembly acting on the vertical bracket shaft is arranged on the concrete pile foundation, a light collector is arranged on the light collecting plate, and the light collector is connected to an ice melting floating body on the water surface of the open channel via an optical fiber bundle.

[0008] The present invention is energy-efficient, green and environmentally friendly, has a simple structure and a low price. The light collecting plate rotates with the sun to maintain vertical irradiation through a pitch rotation component and a horizontal rotation component, thereby continuously collecting sunlight into the light collector, and then introducing it into the ice-melting float, and transmitting the light and heat energy of the sunlight to the channel lining surface through the ice-melting float, thereby greatly reducing the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, overcoming the influence of the environment, and achieving the effect of initially preventing the freezing of open channel water bodies during winter operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the light collecting plate comprises a plurality of light collecting sub-plates, and the splicing sides of the light collecting sub-plates are all turned over and provided with first flanges; bolts are passed through the reserved holes on the first flanges of adjacent light collecting sub-plates to assemble the plurality of light collecting sub-plates into a light collecting plate in a ring shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating support includes a supporting ring, a connecting plate is provided on the supporting ring, and the supporting ring and the light collecting plate are connected by bolts passing through the connecting plate and the first flange;

[0011] A rotating shaft is arranged under the support ring through a connecting rod, and the rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical bracket shaft to rotatably connect the support ring and the vertical bracket shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch rotation assembly includes a first drive motor and a transmission housing which are arranged on the vertical support shaft through a fixed support, a screw adjustment rod is arranged through the transmission housing, a screw adjustment sleeve is arranged on the screw adjustment rod located in the transmission housing through a thread, and a first driven gear is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve; a first driving gear is arranged on the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor extending into the transmission housing, and the first driving gear is meshed with the first driven gear;

[0013] The top end of the screw rod adjusting rod is rotatably connected with the connecting rod on the rotating support through an intermediate rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal rotation assembly includes a second drive motor arranged on the concrete pile foundation through a bracket, a second driving gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the second driving gear is connected to the second driven gear on the vertical bracket shaft through a chain.

[0015] Furthermore, the ice-melting floating body includes a heat-conducting shell connected to the optical fiber bundle, the interior of the heat-conducting shell is hollow, and a photothermal energy conversion coating is arranged on the hollow inner wall, and a heat-absorbing radiation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell.

[0016] Furthermore, a connecting fixture is provided at one end of the heat-conducting shell, and the connecting fixture is connected to a wire rope winder on the open channel dam through a wire rope.

[0017] Furthermore, the light collector is installed above the light collecting plate through a light collecting bracket; the light collecting bracket includes multiple light collector fixing rods, one ends of the multiple light collector fixing rods are installed on the second flange of the light collecting plate, and the other ends of the multiple light collector fixing rods are connected to the light collector fixing ring in a ring shape, and the light collector is installed in the light collector fixing ring.

[0018] Furthermore, a light tracking component is arranged on the light collecting plate; the light tracking component comprises a light shielding tube base arranged on the second flange, a light shielding tube is arranged on the light shielding tube base, and a light inlet is opened at the center of the upper surface of the light shielding tube;

[0019] Eight light angle tracking sensors are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of the light-shielding tube base inside the light-shielding tube, and a light intensity radiation sensor is arranged inside the light-shielding tube.

[0020] Furthermore, a transparent dust cover is provided on the light collecting plate.

[0021] The present invention discloses an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber, and its beneficial effects are:

[0022] The present invention is energy-efficient, green and environmentally friendly, has a simple structure and a low price. The pitch rotation component and the horizontal rotation component enable the light collecting plate to rotate with the sun to maintain vertical irradiation, thereby continuously collecting sunlight into the light collector. The light collector conducts the light and heat of the sunlight into the ice-melting floating body through the optical fiber bundle, thereby transmitting the light and heat energy of the sunlight to the channel lining surface through the ice-melting floating body, preventing the formation of an ice layer on the surface of the open channel lining, achieving the effect of melting ice on the open channel lining under severe cold conditions, greatly reducing the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, making full use of the light and heat resources brought by the abundant solar energy, overcoming the influence of the environment, and achieving the effect of preventing the initial freezing of the open channel water body during winter operation, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water conveyance efficiency of the open channel in winter and reducing freezing disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to the present invention from another angle.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the light collecting plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the photon collecting plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transparent dust cover of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating support of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission housing of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the light collector and the optical fiber bundle of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ice-melting floating body of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice-melting floating body traction of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light tracking component of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the light angle tracking sensor of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the process of tracking sunlight of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, 1. light collecting plate; 11. photon collecting plate; 12. first flange; 13. second flange; 14. transparent dust cover;

[0037] 2. Concrete pile foundation;

[0038] 3. Rotating support; 31. Support ring; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Connecting rod;

[0039] 4. Vertical support axis;

[0040] 5. Pitch rotation assembly; 51. Fixed bracket; 52. First drive motor; 53. Transmission housing; 54. Screw adjustment rod; 55. Screw adjustment sleeve; 56. First driven gear; 57. First driving gear; 58. Intermediate rotating shaft;

[0041] 6. Horizontal rotation assembly; 61. Second driving motor; 62. Second driving gear; 63. Chain; 64. Second driven gear;

[0042] 7. light collector; 71. light collector fixing rod; 72. light collector fixing ring;

[0043] 8. Optical fiber bundle; 81, 82, 83, 84, 85,

[0044] 9. Ice melting floating body; 91. Heat conducting shell; 92. Photothermal energy conversion coating; 93. Heat absorbing radiation layer; 94. Connecting fixture; 95. Steel wire rope; 96. Steel wire rope winder;

[0045] 10. Light tracking component; 101. Shading tube base; 102. Shading tube; 103. Light inlet; 104. Light angle tracking sensor; 105. Light intensity radiation sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 , which is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber in this embodiment, is intended to solve the problem of huge resource consumption in the winter operation of existing open channels and common antifreeze measures. The specific structure of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0049] An open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber comprises a light collecting plate 1, a light collector 7 and a concrete pile foundation 2.

[0050] Among them, the light collecting plate 1 is a stainless steel metal plate punched with a rotating parabola-shaped cross-section. In the present embodiment, the light collecting plate 1 is a stamped stainless steel plate with a diameter of 1.5 meters. In order to ensure its rigidity, the thickness of the light collecting plate is not less than 3 mm. The light-facing side (concave side) of the light collecting plate 1 is a reflective layer with a vacuum-plated aluminum reflective film, and its cross-section is a rotating parabola shape. Its reflected light can form a fixed sunlight focus. A rotating support 3 is arranged at the bottom of the light collecting plate 1. The rotating support 3 is rotatably arranged on the vertical bracket shaft 4. At the same time, a pitch rotating component 5 acting on the light collecting plate 1 is arranged on the vertical bracket shaft 4. The pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1 is adjusted by the pitch rotating component 5. The pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1 is the angle between the main optical axis of the light collecting plate and the horizontal plane.

[0051] The concrete pile foundation 2 is arranged on the open channel dam near the open channel lining, and a vertical support shaft 4 is arranged on the concrete pile foundation 2 through a bearing. At the same time, a horizontal rotation component 6 acting on the vertical support shaft 4 is arranged on the concrete pile foundation 2. The vertical support shaft 4 can be rotated relative to the concrete pile foundation 2 through the horizontal rotation component 6, and then the pitch angle control and the horizontal rotation angle control of the light collecting plate 1 are performed through the pitch rotation component 5 and the horizontal rotation component 6, so as to actively track the lighting angle and ensure that the main optical axis direction of the light collecting plate 1 always points to the direction of the sun.

[0052] A light collector 7 is arranged on the light collecting plate 1. The light collector 7 is located at the sunlight focus of the light collecting plate 1. The light collector 7 is connected with the ice-melting floating body 9 on the water surface of the open channel through the optical fiber bundle 8, so that the light and heat energy of the sunlight reflected by the light collecting plate 1 are transmitted to the ice-melting floating body 9. The ice-melting floating body 9 is used to transmit the light and heat energy of the sunlight to the channel lining surface, so as to prevent the formation of an ice layer on the surface of the open channel lining, so as to achieve the effect of melting ice on the open channel lining under severe cold conditions, greatly reduce the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources, make full use of the light and heat resources brought by the abundant solar energy, overcome the influence of the environment, and achieve the effect of preventing the initial freezing of the open channel water body during winter operation, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water conveyance efficiency of the open channel in winter and reducing freezing disasters.

[0053] Specifically, for the convenience of transportation, the light collecting plate 1 includes a plurality of light collecting sub-plates 11, and the specific number of the light collecting sub-plates 11 can be set according to actual needs. In the present embodiment, the light collecting plate 1 is an assembled parabolic panel of 6 light collecting sub-plates 11 with a central angle of 60°, and a first flange 12 is flipped on the splicing edge of the light collecting sub-plate 11. Bolts are passed through the reserved holes on the first flanges 12 on adjacent light collecting sub-plates 11 to form a light collecting plate 1 in a ring shape.

[0054] The rotating support 3 includes a support ring 31, on which a connecting plate 32 is arranged. The support ring 31 is connected to the light collecting plate 1 by bolts passing through the connecting plate 32 and the first flange 12. A rotating shaft 33 is arranged under the support ring 31 through a connecting rod. The rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical bracket shaft 4 to rotatably connect the support ring 31 and the vertical bracket shaft 4.

[0055] Specifically, the light collector 7 is installed above the light collector plate 1 through a light collector bracket, and is installed in the direction of the central main optical axis of the light collector plate 1; the light collector 7 is a hollow cylindrical trumpet-shaped light collector, which is made of high-temperature resistant glass, and a reflective coating is provided on the inner side of the trumpet shape. Its size is that the diameter of the larger opening side of the trumpet-shaped light collector is 150mm, the diameter of the smaller opening side is 30mm, the length of the light collector is 200mm, and its side is a smooth streamline transition form, so that the reflected light can be fully reflected in the light collector to the optical fiber.

[0056] The light collecting bracket includes a plurality of light collecting fixing rods 71, one end of each of the plurality of light collecting fixing rods 71 ​​is mounted on the second flange 13 of the light collecting plate 1, and three light collecting fixing rods 71 ​​are provided in this embodiment, and the bottoms of the three light collecting fixing rods 71 ​​are respectively fixed to the bolt holes reserved on the second flange 13 of the light collecting plate 1 by bolts, and the bolt holes are 120 degrees apart, and the other ends of the three light collecting fixing rods 71 ​​are connected to the light collecting fixing ring 72 in a ring shape, and the light collecting device 7 is mounted in the light collecting fixing ring 72, so that the light collecting device 7 is mounted on the sunlight focus that can be formed by the reflected light, and the cylindrical central axis direction of the light collecting device 7 is consistent with the main optical axis direction of the light collecting plate 1, and the center of the larger opening direction of the light collecting device 7 coincides with the focus of the light reflected by the light collecting plate 1, so as to ensure that the reflected light enters the side with the larger opening of the light collecting device 7. When the sunlight enters the light collecting device 7, the sunlight is collected to the smaller opening of the light collecting device 7 by total reflection due to the streamline shape of the light collecting device 7. A high temperature resistant optical fiber bundle 8 (about 150 optical fibers with a diameter less than 3 mm) is connected to the smaller opening of the light collector 7 and fixed with a high temperature resistant metal ring to ensure that the sunlight at the end face of the optical fiber bundle 8 can enter the optical fiber to a great extent.

[0057] refer to Figure 8 , fix the ends of about 150 optical fibers with a diameter less than 3 mm through high-temperature resistant metal rings to ensure that the ends of all single optical fibers in the optical fiber bundle 8 are in the same plane. Fix the metal ring at the end of the optical fiber bundle 8 to the inside of the smaller opening of the tail of the trumpet-shaped light collector 7 through high-temperature resistant glue. Fix the optical fiber bundle 8 by tightening the tapered nut fixing the end of the optical fiber with the thread at the end of the metal ring. The outer diameter of the metal ring matches the inner diameter of the smaller opening of the tail of the light collector to ensure that the direction of the end of the optical fiber bundle is parallel to the axial direction of the light collector 7. Ensure that the sunlight at the end face of the optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle 8 can enter the optical fiber bundle 8 to a great extent.

[0058] Specifically, in order to extend the service life and reduce the influence of environmental factors such as rain and snow on the reflective efficiency of the reflective surface, a transparent dust cover 14 with a circular arc top is installed on the concave side of the light collecting plate 1. The transparent dust cover 14 is made of highly transparent acrylic material, and its size matches the profile of the second flange 13 on the edge of the light collecting plate 1. It is connected to the light collecting plate 1 by bolts and has a waterproof sealing strip. A wiring hole with a diameter of 30mm for the optical fiber bundle 8 is reserved at the top center of the transparent dust cover 14. After the optical fiber bundle 8 is installed, a sealant is used for sealing. After the optical fiber bundle 8 passes through the transparent dust cover 14 on the light collecting plate 1, the sunlight is finally guided to the ice melting floating body 9 for light-heat conversion.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 7 , is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber in this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further scheme of the pitch rotation component 5 and the horizontal rotation component 6, the purpose of which is to ensure that the main optical axis direction of the light collecting plate always points to the direction of the sun. The specific structure of the pitch rotation component 5 and the horizontal rotation component 6 in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0061] The pitch rotation assembly 5 includes a first drive motor 52 and a transmission housing 53 .

[0062] The first drive motor 52 and the transmission housing 53 are both arranged on the vertical support shaft 4 through the fixed bracket 51, and a screw adjustment rod 54 is arranged on the transmission housing 53, and a screw adjustment sleeve 55 is arranged on the screw adjustment rod 54 in the transmission housing 53 through a thread, and a first driven gear 56 is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve 55; the output shaft of the first drive motor 52 is extended to the end of the transmission housing 53 and a first driving gear 57 is arranged, and the first driving gear 57 is meshed with the first driven gear 56, and the top end of the screw adjustment rod 54 is rotatably connected with the connecting rod 34 on the rotating support 3 through the intermediate rotating shaft 58, so as to achieve the desired effect. The first driving motor 52 drives the first driving gear 57 to rotate, and then drives the first driven gear 56 to rotate, so that the first driven gear 56 drives the screw adjusting sleeve 55, and then drives the screw adjusting rod 54 to move up and down in the screw adjusting sleeve 55 with the cooperation of the thread, and the intermediate rotating shaft 58 is connected by two rotating shafts through the connecting rod, and the two rotating shafts pass through one end of the screw adjusting rod 54 and the connecting rod 34 respectively, so that when the screw adjusting rod 54 moves up and down, the connecting rod 34 is driven to move through the intermediate rotating shaft 58, so that the light collecting plate 1 can be rotated around the vertical bracket axis 4, thereby realizing the adjustment of the pitch angle of the light collecting plate 1.

[0063] The horizontal rotation assembly 6 includes a second driving motor 61 .

[0064] Among them, the second driving motor 61 is arranged on the concrete pile foundation 2 through a bracket, and a second driving gear 62 is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving motor 61. The second driving gear 62 is connected to the second driven gear 64 on the vertical bracket shaft 4 through a chain 63. The second driving motor 61 drives the second driving gear 62 to rotate, and the second driven gear 64 rotates under the action of the chain 63, thereby driving the vertical bracket shaft 4 to rotate relative to the concrete pile foundation 2, thereby realizing the adjustment of the horizontal angle of the light collecting plate 1.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] refer to Figure 9-10, is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber in this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further scheme of an ice-melting floating body 9, the purpose of which is to receive the conducted sunlight and perform light-to-heat conversion. The specific structure of the ice-melting floating body 9 in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0067] The ice-melting float 9 includes a heat-conducting shell 91 .

[0068] Among them, the heat-conducting shell 91 is a hollow cylindrical shape, and the hollowness is used to generate buoyancy and the buoyancy is greater than the gravity of the ice-melting floating body 9 to prevent the ice-melting floating body 9 from sinking on the open channel water surface. Its head is a 58° sharp angle shape, and the tail is hemispherical. An interface is provided at the head of the heat-conducting shell 91 for connecting with the optical fiber bundle 8. A photothermal energy conversion coating 92 is provided on the hollow inner wall of the heat-conducting shell 91, and a heat-absorbing radiation layer 93 is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell 91. After the optical fiber bundle 8 is inserted into the head of the heat-conducting shell 91 (the specific connection method is the same as the connection method between the collector 7 and the optical fiber bundle 8, which will not be repeated here), the tail of the optical fiber bundle 8 irradiates the sunlight through the free scattering angle of 58° on the black photothermal energy conversion coating 92 on the hollow inner wall of the heat-conducting shell 91, and converts all the light energy into heat energy. The heat energy passes through the metal heat-conducting shell 91 on the outside of the black photothermal energy conversion coating 92, and continues to transfer the heat to the outer layer and exchanges heat with the outside through the heat-absorbing radiation layer 93. The heat-absorbing radiation layer 93 is a high heat-absorbing radiation black fish scale surface PVC material coating material, and the high heat-absorbing radiation black fish scale surface PVC material coating material can also absorb heat under the direct sunlight to prevent the surface from freezing.

[0069] refer to Figure 8 In order to avoid bending of the optical fiber bundle 8 and protect the optical fiber bundle 8 itself, a single optical fiber is set to a multi-layer structure. The single optical fiber is divided into three materials from the inside to the outside, namely high-transmittance plastic optical fiber / high-transmittance glass fiber, copper protective layer, high-temperature resistant asbestos insulation layer and high-temperature rubber protective layer, wherein the high-transmittance plastic / glass fiber is a plastic / glass optical fiber bundle with a diameter of less than 3mm. The purpose of the copper protective layer is to prevent the optical fiber from excessive bending and to absorb and transfer the heat radiated by the optical fiber bundle. The purpose of the high-temperature resistant asbestos insulation layer and the high-temperature rubber protective layer is to increase the service life of the optical fiber and prevent the optical fiber from bending.

[0070] Specifically, a connection fixture 94 is provided at one end of the heat-conducting housing 91 , and the connection fixture 94 is connected to a wire rope winder 96 on the open channel dam through a wire rope 95 .

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the heat exchange position of the ice-melting floating body 9 is always at the junction of the open channel lining and the water surface and to protect the safety of the optical fiber bundle 8, a connecting fixture 94 is provided at the head of the heat-conducting shell 91. The connecting fixture 94 can be a circular ring fixed on the heat-conducting shell 91, and the circular ring is connected to the wire rope 95 of the wire rope winder 96, and the wire rope winder 96 is fixedly placed on the open channel embankment, so that the ice-melting floating body 9 is pulled by the wire rope winder 96, so that the heat exchange position of the ice-melting floating body 9 is always at the junction of the open channel lining and the water surface and the safety of the optical fiber is protected, wherein the wire rope winder 96 can be a spring-driven automatic wire storage box, and a wire pulley can be provided at the contact point between the wire rope 95 and the open channel lining to reduce its contact resistance. The wire rope winder 96 can achieve the purpose of automatically rewinding the telescopic wire rope, and its structure is based on a torsion spring winding mechanism. A spring-driven automatic wire storage box is used to roll up a certain length of wire rope 95 in a wire rope storage container. The expansion and contraction of the wire rope 95 can be controlled by the torque of the torsion spring to achieve the ice melting float 9 just floating on the water surface. The specific model can be the automatic expansion and contraction take-up tool of the PULLBOX brand P023 model. The steel wire is made of 304 stainless steel, and the shell of the take-up box is made of ABS plastic. The steel wire retraction tension, steel wire length, and steel wire diameter can be specifically selected according to the actual open channel water flow conditions.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 11-13 , is a structural schematic diagram of an open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber in this embodiment. Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a further solution of the light tracking component 10, the purpose of which is to track the angle of the sun and ensure that the light collecting plate and the sunlight always maintain a vertical irradiation relationship. The specific structure of the light tracking component 10 in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0074] The light tracking component 10 is disposed on the light collecting plate 1 .

[0075] Specifically, the light tracking assembly 10 includes a light-shielding tube base 101 arranged on the second flange 13, a light-shielding tube 102 is arranged on the light-shielding tube base 101, and a light inlet 103 is opened at the center of the upper surface of the light-shielding tube 102; 8 light angle tracking sensors 104 are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of the light-shielding tube base 101 located inside the light-shielding tube 102, and a light intensity radiation sensor 105 is arranged inside the light-shielding tube 102.

[0076] The light intensity radiation sensor 105 is an existing solar total radiation sensor, and its specific model is SOONSALL / Xunjia, XM8580 RS485 4-20MA 0-5V, and the measurement range is 0-2000W / m2 .

[0077] The light angle tracking sensor 104 is an existing photoresistor, and its specific model is a domestically produced CXD 3mm flat-head transparent borderless PT850B3C photoresistor with a spectral range of 450-1050 nanometers.

[0078] In this embodiment, the light-shielding tube 102 is a square light-shielding tube, which is installed at the center of the light-shielding tube base 101, and the light-shielding tube base 101 is placed on the second flange 13 of one of the photoelectric collecting sub-plates 11. A light intensity radiation sensor 105 and eight light angle tracking sensors 104 are arranged inside the light-shielding tube 102, among which a light intensity radiation sensor 105 is arranged at the top of the light-shielding tube 102 for monitoring the radiation intensity of sunlight.

[0079] Eight illumination angle tracking sensors 104 are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of the sunshade tube base 101. Two pairs of illumination angle tracking sensors 104 for azimuth angles are symmetrically installed on both sides of the center of the base, and they mainly detect the horizontal deflection angle of the sun moving from east to west, such as illumination angle tracking sensors 104 numbered B1, B2, B3, and B4.

[0080] The two pairs of illumination angle tracking sensors 104 for altitude angles and the two pairs of illumination angle tracking sensors 104 for azimuth angles are arranged at 90°, and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the center of the sunshade base 101, so as to detect the apparent altitude of the sun, such as the illumination angle tracking sensors 104 numbered A1, A2, A3, and A4.

[0081] The working principle of the automatic sunlight tracking device is mainly as follows: the horizontal initial azimuth and pitch elevation angle of the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 are roughly adjusted according to the position of the sun's motion trajectory at that time of the month. On this basis, the angle of the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 is adjusted in a small range to obtain the maximum radiation illumination signal on the light intensity radiation sensor 105, and the approximate solar azimuth and elevation angle are obtained. The sunlight passes through the light inlet 103 reserved at the top of the light-shielding tube 102 and irradiates four pairs of eight light angle tracking sensors 104 on the light-shielding tube base 101. When the sunlight is obliquely irradiated on the light-shielding tube base 101, a pair of symmetrically distributed light angle tracking sensors 104 will output different electrical signals due to the difference in light intensity. The signal is sent to the host computer or controller, and the host computer or controller controls the first drive motor 52 of the pitch rotation component 5 and the second drive motor 61 of the horizontal rotation component 6 to work, and adjust the light collecting plate 1 to rotate horizontally and adjust the pitch angle until the main optical axis of the light collecting plate 1 is accurately aligned with the sun.

[0082] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. An open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and optical fiber, Features: It comprises a light collecting plate (1) and a concrete pile foundation (2) arranged on an open channel dam; The light collecting plate (1) is rotatably arranged on a vertical support shaft (4) via a rotating support (3); a pitch rotation component (5) acting on the light collecting plate (1) is arranged on the vertical support shaft (4); the vertical support shaft (4) is rotatably arranged on a concrete pile foundation (2) via a bearing, and a horizontal rotation component (6) acting on the vertical support shaft (4) is arranged on the concrete pile foundation (2); A light collector (7) is provided on the light collecting plate (1), and the light collector (7) is connected to an ice melting floating body (9) on the water surface of the open channel through an optical fiber bundle (8).

2. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 1, Features: The light collecting plate (1) comprises a plurality of light collecting sub-plates (11), and first flanges (12) are provided on the spliced ​​sides of the light collecting sub-plates (11) in a reversed manner; bolts are passed through the reserved holes on the first flanges (12) on the adjacent light collecting sub-plates (11), so that the plurality of light collecting sub-plates (11) are assembled into a light collecting plate (1) in a ring shape.

3. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 2, Features: The rotating support (3) comprises a supporting ring (31), a connecting plate (32) is arranged on the supporting ring (31), and the supporting ring (31) is connected to the light collecting plate (1) by bolts passing through the connecting plate (32) and the first flange (12); A rotating shaft (33) is arranged under the support ring (31) via a connecting rod, and the rotating shaft passes through the top end of the vertical support shaft (4) to rotatably connect the support ring (31) and the vertical support shaft (4).

4. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 1, Features: The pitch rotation assembly (5) comprises a first drive motor (52) and a transmission housing (53) which are arranged on the vertical support shaft (4) through a fixed support (51); a screw adjustment rod (54) is arranged through the transmission housing (53); a screw adjustment sleeve (55) is arranged on the screw adjustment rod (54) located in the transmission housing (53) through a thread; a first driven gear (56) is sleeved on the screw adjustment sleeve (55); a first driving gear (57) is arranged on the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor (52) extending into the transmission housing (53); the first driving gear (57) is meshed with the first driven gear (56); The top end of the screw adjustment rod (54) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (34) on the rotating support (3) via an intermediate rotating shaft (58).

5. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 1, Features: The horizontal rotation assembly (6) comprises a second drive motor (61) which is arranged on the concrete pile foundation (2) via a bracket, a second driving gear (62) is arranged on the output shaft of the second drive motor (61), and the second driving gear (62) is connected to a second driven gear (64) on the vertical bracket shaft (4) via a chain (63).

6. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 1, Features: The ice-melting floating body (9) comprises a heat-conducting shell (91) connected to the optical fiber bundle (8); the interior of the heat-conducting shell (91) is hollow, and a photothermal energy conversion coating (92) is provided on the hollow inner wall; and a heat-absorbing radiation layer (93) is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell (91).

7. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 6, Features: A connecting fixture (94) is provided at one end of the heat-conducting housing (91), and the connecting fixture (94) is connected to a steel wire rope reel (96) on the open channel dam via a steel wire rope (95).

8. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Features: The light collector (7) is installed above the light collecting plate (1) via a light collecting bracket; the light collecting bracket comprises a plurality of light collector fixing rods (71), one end of each of the plurality of light collector fixing rods (71) is installed on the second flange (13) of the light collecting plate (1), the other ends of the plurality of light collector fixing rods (71) are connected to a light collector fixing ring (72) in a ring shape, and the light collector (7) is installed in the light collector fixing ring (72).

9. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 8, Features: The light collecting plate (1) is provided with a light tracking component (10); the light tracking component (10) comprises a light shielding tube base (101) provided on the second flange (13); a light shielding tube (102) is provided on the light shielding tube base (101); a light inlet (103) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the light shielding tube (102); Eight light angle tracking sensors (104) are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a cross shape at the center of a light shielding tube base (101) located inside the light shielding tube (102), and a light intensity radiation sensor (105) is arranged inside the light shielding tube (102).

10. The open channel ice melting device based on a light collector and an optical fiber according to claim 8, Features: A transparent dust cover (14) is provided on the light collecting plate (1).

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