Dismantling method for ultra-long and ultra-heavy flying staircase at atrium position

Abstract

The invention discloses a dismantling method for an ultra-long and ultra-heavy flying escalator at the atrium position. The dismantling method comprises the steps that the flying escalator is determined to be dismantled and transported outwards, and an upper hanging point for hanging a hanging rope is determined; dismantling accessory components of the flying staircase; a hoisting assembly is hung between the end of the flying ladder and the upper hoisting point; hoisting the flying staircase away from the structural floor to suspend the bottom end of the flying staircase; a traction assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the flying ladder; the traction assembly is matched with the hoisting assembly to slowly lower the bottom end of the flying staircase to a demolished outward transportation floor; the ground cattle are cushioned at the bottom end of the flying staircase, the hoisting assembly is matched with the traction assembly to enable the bottom end of the flying staircase to move in the direction away from the atrium till the flying staircase is completely transferred to the structural floor area from the atrium area, and the flying staircase is pulled to the decomposition area to be decomposed and transported outwards. According to the method, the safety of the flying escalator in the dismantling process is effectively ensured, the dismantling work of the flying escalator is efficiently completed on the premise of ensuring the construction safety, and experience and reference are provided for follow-up related projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of indoor decoration and renovation construction, and in particular to a method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium. Background Art

[0002] As the years of use increase, the safety, decorativeness and aesthetics of the interior decoration of large shopping malls often cannot meet the current use needs. In order to meet market demand, improve store facilities and equipment, enhance customer shopping experience, optimize brand image and other reasons to maintain the competitiveness of the mall and continuously attract more consumers to consume, large shopping malls often regularly renovate and upgrade their interior decoration.

[0003] The renovation of large shopping malls often involves the removal and replacement of elevators. Among them, the escalator located in the atrium area of ​​the special-shaped structure is difficult to remove due to its long length and heavy weight. In addition, since some shopping malls still have normal business needs, the construction space for the removal operation will also be limited, which further increases the difficulty of removing the escalator. Considering that there is no relatively mature removal technology in the existing technology, how to safely and effectively complete the removal of the escalator in the atrium area often becomes the focus and difficulty of the shopping mall renovation project, which needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium, so as to solve the technical problems described in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium comprises the following steps: Step S1, determining the floor for dismantling the escalator and determining the hanging point for hanging the hanging rope; Step S2, dismantling the auxiliary components of the escalator; Step S3, hanging a hoisting assembly between the end of the flying escalator and the upper hanging point, wherein the hoisting assembly includes a hoisting rope and an electric hoist; Step S4, disconnecting the escalator from the main structure, and lifting the escalator off the structural floor so that the bottom end of the escalator is suspended in the air; Step S5, arranging a traction assembly at the bottom end of the flying escalator, wherein the traction assembly includes a traction rope and a winch; Step S6, slowly lowering the bottom end of the escalator to the dismantling and transporting floor determined in step S1 by using the traction assembly in cooperation with the hoisting assembly; Step S7, a ground bull is placed at the bottom of the escalator, the ropes of the front and rear end hoisting assemblies of the escalator are lowered at the same time, and the traction assembly is used to move the bottom of the escalator away from the atrium; Step S8, as the escalator moves, ground bulls are added at the bottom of the escalator according to the designed calculated intervals. After the escalator moves forward for a certain distance, load-bearing pads are added between the escalator and the structural floor. After the load at the bottom of the escalator is completely transferred to the load-bearing pads, the lower hanging point of the corresponding hoisting assembly at the bottom of the escalator is moved backward and re-tightened; Step S9, after the load at the bottom end of the escalator is completely transferred to the hoisting assembly, the load-bearing pad is removed and the escalator continues to move forward with the cooperation of the hoisting assembly and the traction assembly; Step S10, repeating the operations of step S8-step S9 until the escalator is completely transferred from the atrium area to the structural floor area. During this period, the hoisting components set at the bottom and top of the escalator need to be removed in turn according to the design calculation conditions; Step S11, towing the escalator to the disassembly area for disassembly and transportation, thus completing the dismantling of the escalator.

[0006] Preferably, in step S8, the maximum distance that the flying escalator can move before the lower suspension point of the lifting assembly is switched is determined by calculation, and the specific calculation includes the following steps: Step 1, determine the ultimate bearing capacity F of the suspension rope; Step 2, determining the vertical component force G that the suspension rope needs to provide in the vertical direction; Step 3, determine the maximum inclination angle θ of the suspension rope, θ=arccos(G / F); Step 4, determine the maximum distance X that the escalator can move before each conversion of the lower hanging point of the hoisting assembly, X=H*sinθ, where H is the distance from the upper hanging point of the hoisting assembly to the escalator in the vertical direction.

[0007] Preferably, when the space on the dismantling floor is limited and the escalator cannot be dismantled as a whole, the escalator is dismantled by lowering and cutting at the same time, and the cutting operation is performed after the load at the bottom of the escalator is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad.

[0008] Preferably, a spare hoisting assembly is also arranged between the front end hoisting assembly and the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator, the hanging point of the spare hoisting assembly is between the hanging point of the front end hoisting assembly and the hanging point of the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator, and the spare hoisting assembly is used to replace the front end hoisting assembly or the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator.

[0009] Preferably, the last section of the escalator is pulled as a whole to the structural floor area along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the escalator by a traction assembly arranged on one side of the escalator, and is further moved to the decomposition area for decomposition and transportation out through the cooperation of the traction assembly with the ground ox.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting assembly is fixed at the upper lifting point position by a lifting point wire rope, and the lifting point wire rope is arranged in a manner of passing through a plate and winding around a beam. The lifting point wire rope is a closed annular rope body, and the rope body passes through the structural floor slabs on both sides of the frame beam and embraces the frame beam and the corresponding structural floor slabs above the frame beam.

[0011] Preferably, rubber pads are provided at the contact positions between the hanging point steel wire ropes and the structural floor slabs.

[0012] Preferably, the traction assembly is fixed to the structural column by a traction point steel wire rope, the traction point steel wire rope is arranged in a manner of being wound around the column, the traction point steel wire rope is a closed annular rope body, the rope body is arranged in a manner of encircling the structural column, and rubber pads are provided at the contact positions between the traction point steel wire rope and the structural column.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention reasonably selects the lifting points and dismantling floors, hoists the escalator as a whole to the dismantling floor, and dismantles and transports the escalator between floors in the dismantling floor, which effectively ensures the safety of the escalator during dismantling. Under the premise of ensuring construction safety, the escalator dismantling work is completed efficiently, providing experience and reference for subsequent related projects; 2. The present invention greatly simplifies the calculation process of the stability of the lifting rope by simulating and analyzing the motion state of the lifting rope during the lifting process and selecting key calculation nodes, thereby ensuring that the lifting rope is always in a stable state during the entire lifting process; 3. The present invention optimizes the design of the hanging point on the hoisting assembly and the traction point of the traction assembly, and realizes the setting of the hanging point and the traction point in the form of a wire rope loop, which effectively avoids the occurrence of the lifting point peeling caused by the workers' welding level and ensures construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The above and / or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made in conjunction with the following drawings, which are only exemplary and do not limit the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 It is a plan view of the flying escalator to be dismantled in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of steps 1-3 in the dismantling process of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of steps 4-6 in the dismantling process of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of steps 7-9 in the dismantling process of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of steps 1-3 in the dismantling process of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of steps 4-6 in the dismantling process of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the connection between the hoisting assembly involved in the present invention and the main structure at the upper hanging point.

[0015] Figure numerals: 1. atrium; 2. structural floor; 3. frame beam; 4. structural column; 5. lifting rope; 6. spare lifting rope; 7. electric hoist; 8. traction rope; 9. escalator; 10. winch; 11. ground cow; 12. load-bearing pad; 13. lifting point wire rope; 14. traction point wire rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the concept of the present invention. They are all explanatory and exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention and the scope of the present invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can also adopt other obvious technical solutions based on the contents disclosed in the claims and the specification of the present application, including technical solutions that adopt any obvious replacements and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "up", "down", "inside", "outside", "horizontal", "vertical", "upright", "oblique", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] The drawings of this specification are schematic diagrams, which assist in explaining the concept of the present invention and schematically show the shapes of various parts and their mutual relationships. Please note that in order to clearly show the structures of various components of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings are not drawn according to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to represent the same parts.

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Figure 1-7 , the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail: A preferred method for dismantling an overlong and overweight flying escalator in an atrium position of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step S1, determine the floor for dismantling the escalator 9 and determine the hanging points for hanging the hanging rope 5. Usually, one escalator 9 needs to be provided with a set of hanging components on the left and right sides of the front end, for a total of two sets, and a set of hanging components on the left and right sides of the rear end, for a total of two sets, that is, a total of four sets of hanging components in the front and back. Therefore, in this step, at least four hanging points need to be selected; Step S2, remove the handrails, glass balustrades, treads and other auxiliary components of the escalator 9, leaving only the steel frame of the escalator. Before dismantling, a 10# channel steel needs to be welded above the escalator 9, and a Φ8mm steel wire rope needs to be installed as a safety belt hanging rope. The workers' safety belts need to be hung according to the specifications before the handrails, glass baffles and treads can be removed. The removal of auxiliary components is to reduce the overall weight of the escalator 9 and ensure the safety and stability of the subsequent lifting and removal process. Before the auxiliary components of the escalator 9 are removed, the cabin needs to be opened by a specialist. The professional electrician cuts off the power supply and makes sure that the power supply is completely disconnected before proceeding to the next dismantling process. The handrail can be removed by directly cutting it with a hacksaw. The glass railing needs to be cut with a wallpaper knife to remove the entire piece of glass. When removing the glass railing, it needs to be fixed in advance with a suction cup for curtain wall installation and fixed with a rope. The tread is disassembled from top to bottom with special tools and removed for transportation. In order to prevent falling objects from high altitude, a temporary safety net can be set under the escalator. The net can be removed after the removal of the auxiliary components to avoid affecting the subsequent lifting of the flying escalator 9. Step S3, hang a hoisting assembly between the end of the flying escalator 9 and the upper hanging point, such as Figure 7 As shown, the hoisting assembly includes a hoisting rope 5 and an electric hoist 7. The hoisting assembly is fixed at the upper hoisting point position by a hoisting point wire rope 13. The hoisting point wire rope 13 is arranged in a way of passing through a plate and winding around a beam. The hoisting point wire rope 13 is a closed annular rope body, and the rope body passes through the structural floor 2 on both sides of the frame beam 3 and embraces the frame beam 3 and the structural floor 2 corresponding to the frame beam 3. In order to avoid the hoisting point wire rope 13 from being worn during the hoisting process and causing the problem of open strands and broken lines, rubber pads are required to be padded at the contact positions of the hoisting point wire rope 13 and the structural floor 2. Of course, the rubber sleeve can also be coated on the outside of the hoisting point wire rope 13 at the contact position; Step S4, disconnecting the escalator 9 from the main structure, and lifting the escalator 9 off the structural floor 2 so that the bottom end of the escalator 9 is suspended in the air; Step S5, a traction assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the flying escalator 9, the traction assembly includes a traction rope 8 and a winch 10, the traction assembly is fixed to the structural column 4 through a traction point wire rope 14, the traction point wire rope 14 is arranged in a manner of winding around the column, the traction point wire rope 14 is a closed annular rope body, the rope body is arranged in a manner of embracing the structural column 4, and the contact position between the traction point wire rope 14 and the structural column 4 is padded with rubber pads; Step S6, slowly lower the bottom end of the escalator 9 to the demolition and transportation floor determined in step S1 by means of the traction assembly in cooperation with the hoisting assembly. When the starting floor of the escalator 9 is inconsistent with the demolition and transportation floor determined in step S1, it is first necessary to use the traction assembly to move the bottom end of the escalator 9 out of the structural floor 2 area and move it to the atrium 1 area; then, lower the lifting rope 5 of the front end hoisting assembly of the escalator 9, lift the lifting rope 5 of the rear end hoisting assembly, and slowly lower the bottom end of the escalator 9 to the demolition and transportation floor determined in step S1 by means of the traction assembly; next, move the bottom end of the escalator 9 from the atrium 1 area to above the structural floor 2 of the demolition and transportation floor by means of the traction assembly; Step S7, a ground bull 11 is placed at the bottom of the escalator 9, and the hoisting ropes 5 of the front and rear end hoisting components of the escalator 9 are lowered at the same time, and the traction component is used to move the bottom end of the escalator 9 away from the atrium 1. In this process, in order to ensure safety, it is usually divided into two stages. In the first stage, the escalator 9 will be lowered to an angle where it can move forward, and in the second stage, the escalator 9 will be pulled forward by the traction component. This operation method can reduce the difficulty of operating the hoisting component and ensure that the escalator 9 can move forward smoothly. Of course, according to different setting purposes, the end of the traction component can be directly connected to the escalator 9 or to the ground bull 11. Usually, the traction components are arranged in pairs. One of the two sets of traction components arranged in pairs is used for traction, and the other set is used as a safety rope to be tightened in the opposite direction to avoid the escalator 9 from rushing forward due to its own gravity. Moreover, in the actual lifting process, it is also necessary to arrange multiple sets of traction components on the side of the escalator 9 to play the role of safety ropes to avoid the escalator 9 from swinging left and right during the dismantling process. Step S8, as the escalator 9 moves, a ground bull 11 is added at the bottom of the escalator 9 according to the designed calculated interval. After the escalator 9 moves forward for a certain distance, a load-bearing pad 12 is added between the escalator 9 and the structural floor 2. After the load at the bottom of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad 12, the lower hanging point of the lifting assembly corresponding to the bottom of the escalator 9 is moved backward and re-tightened. In order to ensure the safety of lifting, the tension that each lifting rope 5 can withstand needs to meet the requirements of the specifications. Therefore, in this step, it is necessary to continuously perform the lifting point conversion operation on the lower hanging point of the lifting assembly during the lifting process to reset the force of the lifting rope 5 to avoid exceeding the tension limit of the lifting rope 5. Among them, the maximum distance that the escalator 9 can move before the lower hanging point of the lifting assembly is converted is determined by calculation. The specific calculation includes the following steps: Step 1, determine the ultimate bearing capacity F of the suspension rope 5, the ultimate bearing capacity F is determined according to the value required by the specification; Step 2, determine the vertical force G that the suspension rope 5 needs to provide in the vertical direction. The vertical force G is selected by the number of hoisting components and the gravity of the escalator 9. Usually, in order to simplify the calculation process and improve the safety factor, the initial gravity of the escalator 9 can be divided by the number of hoisting components as the value of G; Step 3, determine the maximum inclination angle θ of the suspension rope 5, θ=arccos(G / F); Step 4, determine the maximum distance X that the escalator 9 can move before each conversion of the lower hanging point of the hoisting assembly, X=H*sinθ, where H is the distance from the upper hanging point of the hoisting assembly to the escalator 9 in the vertical direction; Step S9, after the load at the bottom of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the hoisting assembly, the load-bearing pad 12 is removed and the escalator 9 continues to move forward with the cooperation of the hoisting assembly and the traction assembly; Step S10, repeating the operations of step S8-step S9 until the escalator 9 is completely transferred from the atrium 1 area to the structural floor 2 area. During this period, the hoisting components arranged at the bottom and top of the escalator 9 need to be removed in turn according to the design calculation conditions; Step S11, the escalator 9 is towed to the disassembly area for disassembly and transportation, thereby completing the dismantling of the escalator 9.

[0020] As mentioned above, in order to ensure the stability of the lifting rope 5, the angle formed between each lifting rope 5 and the vertical direction is limited. Therefore, during the lifting process of the escalator 9, it is inevitable that the lifting rope 5 of the lifting assembly will deviate from the vertical direction at a large angle, resulting in the inability to continue subsequent operations. At this time, it is necessary to set a spare lifting point, and replace the previous lifting assembly with a spare lifting assembly set at the spare lifting point, thereby ensuring that the angle of the spare lifting rope 6 will not exceed the limit during the subsequent lifting operation. That is, a spare lifting assembly is also arranged between the front end lifting assembly and the rear end lifting assembly of the escalator 9. The spare lifting assembly The hanging point of the mounting assembly is between the hanging point of the front end hoisting assembly and the hanging point of the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator 9, and the spare hoisting assembly is used to replace the front end hoisting assembly or the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator 9. In order to ensure the safety and stability of the entire construction process, the spare hoisting assembly should be installed synchronously with the front end hoisting assembly and the rear end hoisting assembly of the escalator 9 at the beginning. However, in the stage where the spare hoisting assembly has not yet been activated, the spare hoisting rope 6 of the spare hoisting assembly does not need to be subjected to force, but only needs to be extended synchronously with the hoisting process. When the hoisting assembly needs to be replaced, the spare hoisting rope 6 of the spare hoisting assembly is tensioned and subjected to force.

[0021] Due to the complex conditions on the construction site, under certain working conditions, there may be a problem of limited construction space for dismantling the external transport floor with sufficient bearing capacity. At this time, the escalator 9 cannot be disassembled after it is completely hoisted to the external transport floor. That is, when the space for dismantling the external transport floor is limited and the overall dismantling of the escalator 9 is not sufficient, the escalator 9 needs to be dismantled by lowering and cutting at the same time. At this time, the specific process of the above step S8 is as follows: as the escalator 9 moves, a ground bull 11 is added to the bottom of the escalator 9 according to the designed calculated interval; after the escalator 9 moves forward for a certain distance, a load-bearing pad 12 is added between the escalator 9 and the structural floor 2; after the load at the bottom end of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad 12, the lower hanging point of the hoisting assembly corresponding to the bottom end of the escalator 9 is moved backward; thereafter, the escalator 9 in front of the load-bearing pad 12 is cut and passed through the ground bull 11. Cooperate with the traction assembly to remove the cut escalator 9, and then re-tighten the lifting assembly corresponding to the bottom end of the escalator 9. Since the escalator 9 is relatively long, in the final stage of lifting and dismantling of the escalator 9, the lifting rope 5 of the lifting assembly corresponding to the rear end of the escalator 9 is likely to have a problem of exceeding the tilt angle limit. Even if the spare lifting assembly is activated in the middle, in order to transfer the last section of the escalator 9 to the structural floor 2 area, the spare lifting rope moving along the front and rear direction is still likely to have a problem of exceeding the forward movement angle limit. For this reason, the idea can be changed, and the forward lifting and dismantling is converted into side lifting and dismantling, that is, the last section of the escalator 9 is pulled as a whole to the structural floor 2 area along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the escalator 9 by the traction assembly arranged on one side (left or right) of the escalator 9, and further moved to the decomposition area for decomposition and transportation through the ground cow 11 in cooperation with the traction assembly.

[0022] A large shopping mall renovation project plans to remove 26 elevators, including 2 sightseeing elevators, 4 flying elevators, and 10 escalators. Since the flying escalator 9 to be removed is in the atrium area of ​​this project, and the atrium area is a special-shaped structure, and the flying escalator 9 has a long body and a large weight, it is difficult to remove. The total length of the flying escalator 9 from the first floor to the fourth floor is 38.65 meters, and the total length of the flying escalator 9 from the fourth floor to the sixth floor is 27.6 meters. After removing the handrails, glass baffles and treads, the steel trusses weigh about 21T and 15T respectively. The removal of these four flying escalators 9 is the focus and difficulty of this project. The following takes the removal process of two of the flying escalators 9 as an example to introduce the specific construction method of the present invention. In order to describe the lifting and removal process of the steel trusses of the flying escalator 9 in more detail, the removal process of the auxiliary components in the following embodiments is omitted and not introduced in detail.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment takes the flying escalator 9 from the first floor to the fourth floor as an example to introduce the dismantling method, and its specific dismantling process includes the following steps: Step S1, determine the upper hanging point of the hanging rope 5 and hang the hanging assembly between the upper hanging point and the flying escalator 9. There are four sets of hanging assemblies, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the front end of the flying escalator 9 and the left and right sides of the rear end of the flying escalator 9. Since the subsequent process involves the conversion of the hanging assembly, two sets of spare hanging assemblies are added in the middle of the flying escalator 9. Among them, there is no frame beam 3 just above the bottom end of the flying escalator 9, so the corresponding position of the hanging point (hanging point 2, because it is shown in cross section in the schematic diagram, it is located at the same end of the flying escalator 9 , the same frame beam 3 and the same height of the two sets of lifting components are indicated by the same number, and the lifting points involved below are also marked with the same number method unless otherwise specified) need to be set at the fourth-layer frame beam 3, and the top of the flying escalator 9 meets the lifting point setting requirements. For this reason, a lifting point (lifting point 1) is set at the fifth-layer frame beam 3 above the top of the flying escalator 9. At the same time, the spare lifting point (lifting point 3) of the spare lifting component is set at the third-layer frame beam 3, and the spare lifting component is installed synchronously with the lifting component; Step S2, disconnect the escalator 9 from the main structure, lift the escalator 9 off the structural floor 2 so that the bottom of the escalator 9 is suspended in the air, and the lifting height is preferably 15 cm. After the escalator 9 is stable, place a ground bull 11 on the bottom of the escalator 9 to slowly translate. Step S3, the escalator 9 slowly moves forward under the pulling of the traction assembly. At this time, the suspension ropes 5 at the upper suspension points 1 and 2 are controlled to be lowered, so that the escalator 9 moves slowly toward a flattening trend while moving horizontally; Step S4, after the escalator 9 moves forward for a certain distance, a load-bearing pad 12 is added between the escalator 9 and the structural floor 2, and after the load at the bottom of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad 12, the lower hanging point of the lifting assembly corresponding to the upper hanging point 2 is moved backward, and then the escalator 9 in front of the load-bearing pad 12 is cut and the cut escalator 9 is removed by the ground bull 11 in cooperation with the traction assembly, and then the lifting assembly corresponding to the upper hanging point 2 is re-tightened and stressed; Step S5, after the load at the bottom of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the hoisting assembly, the load-bearing pad 12 is removed and the escalator 9 is moved forward further with the cooperation of the hoisting assembly and the traction assembly, the escalator 9 is removed in sections, and the load-bearing pad 12 is used for temporary support to move the hanging point. During the cutting process, the falling height of the hanging rope 5 at the upper hanging point 1 needs to be adjusted to keep the escalator 9 in a stable state at all times; Step S6, after the escalator 9 is cut to a certain extent, the force conversion of the hoisting assembly between the upper hanging point 2 and the upper hanging point 3 is performed. This conversion operation can avoid the problem of excessive inclination of the hoisting rope 5 of the hoisting assembly at the upper hanging point 2, and on the other hand, it can also reduce one lower hanging point hook change operation by directly tightening the spare hoisting rope 6 at the upper hanging point 3; Step S7, when the load at the bottom end of the escalator 9 is completely transferred to the spare suspension rope 6 corresponding to the upper suspension point 3, the escalator 9 is continued to be moved forward and cut; Step S8, when the remaining weight of the escalator 9 is less than 4 tons, the escalator 9 is hoisted by the hoisting assembly at the upper hanging point 1 and the spare hoisting assembly at the upper hanging point 3, so that the bottom end is suspended in the air, and the hoisting height is preferably 15 cm; Step S9, installing a winch 10 on the side of the escalator 9 to move the escalator 9 sideways onto the structural floor 2, at which point subsequent cutting and transport operations can be performed on the structural floor 2.

[0024] Example 2 like Figure 5-6 As shown, this embodiment takes the flying escalator 9 from the fourth floor to the sixth floor as an example to introduce the dismantling method, and its specific dismantling process includes the following steps: Step S1, determine the hanging point of the hanging rope 5 and hang the hanging assembly between the hanging point and the escalator 9. There are four sets of hanging assemblies, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the front end of the escalator 9 and the left and right sides of the rear end of the escalator 9. Since the subsequent process involves the conversion of the hanging assemblies, four sets of spare hanging assemblies are added in the middle of the escalator 9. Among them, the hanging points at the corresponding positions just above the bottom end of the escalator 9 (hanging points 6 / 7, for structural force and subsequent lifting operation requirements, the hanging points 6 and 7 are respectively arranged on two mutually perpendicular frame beams 3) need to be set on the fifth frame beam 3, the top of the flying escalator 9 meets the requirement of setting the hanging point. For this purpose, a hanging point is set at the seventh-floor frame beam 3 above the top of the flying escalator 9 (hanging point 4, because the schematic diagram is illustrated in cross-section, the hanging points of two sets of hanging components at the same end of the flying escalator 9, the same frame beam 3 and the same height are indicated by the same number. The hanging points involved below also use the same numbering method unless otherwise specified). At the same time, the spare hanging points (hanging points 5) of the four spare hanging components are set at the seventh-floor frame beam 3, and the spare hanging components are installed synchronously with the hanging components; Step S2, disconnect the escalator 9 from the main structure, lift the escalator 9 off the structural floor 2 so that the bottom of the escalator 9 is suspended in the air, and the lifting height is preferably 15 cm. After the escalator 9 is stable, the escalator 9 is translated to the right by the traction assembly so that the lower end of the escalator 9 is 30 cm away from the edge of the structure; Step S3, the hoisting assembly at the upper hanging point 4 pulls up the hoisting rope 5, the hoisting assembly at the upper hanging point 6 / 7 lowers the hoisting rope 5, and with the cooperation of the traction assembly, the bottom end of the escalator 9 is lowered to the third floor, and then the bottom end of the escalator 9 is moved to the left by the traction assembly. At this time, the hoisting assembly corresponding to the upper hanging point 4 synchronously cooperates to lower the hoisting rope 5. Since in this process, the bottom end of the escalator 9 needs to be moved to the floor below the upper hanging point 4, in order to avoid the interference of the floor structure slab 2 of the lower floor on the hoisting rope 5, the setting position of the lower hanging point on the escalator 9 can be appropriately moved back to one side of the ladder body (that is, moved to the right), or the temporary shielding part can be removed. The specific measures to be taken are reasonably selected according to the specific structure of the special-shaped atrium at the construction site; Step S4, a ground bull 11 and a traction assembly are set between the bottom end of the flying escalator 9 and the three-story structural floor 2, and the flying escalator 9 is pulled to the left by the traction assembly winch. Since the flying escalator 9 is light in weight, it is calculated that it is not necessary to cut it in sections, and the whole thing can be directly moved to the left. During this period, a ground bull 11 is added every 3 meters, and the suspension rope 5 at the upper suspension point 6 / 7 can be removed at an appropriate time. The specific time is determined according to the calculation result. Before removal, if it is necessary to move the hook after the lower suspension point, it is also necessary to use an additional load-bearing pad 12 for force conversion. Before removing the lifting assembly corresponding to the upper suspension point 6 / 7, the force conversion operation of the spare lifting assembly needs to be completed in advance; Step S5, when the escalator 9 moves half its length to the left, the angle of the suspension rope 5 at the upper suspension point 4 is too large. To ensure the safety of the lifting, the force conversion operation between the lifting assembly at the upper suspension point 4 and the spare lifting assembly needs to be completed; Step S6, when the escalator 9 moves to the left more than 2 / 3 of the length of the ladder body, the weight of the escalator 9 basically falls on the structural floor 2. At this time, the spare lifting rope 6 can be used as a subsequent safety rope and gradually lowered. The angle between the spare lifting rope 6 and the vertical direction can exceed the maximum inclination angle calculated previously. After the escalator 9 is completely moved to the three-story structural floor 2, the spare lifting rope 9 can be removed and the escalator 9 can be towed as a whole to the decomposition area for decomposition and transportation. The transportation can be achieved according to the specific site conditions using vertical transportation equipment such as freight elevators.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dismantling an overlong and overweight flying escalator in an atrium, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, determining the floor for dismantling the escalator (9) and determining the upper hanging point for hanging the hanging rope (5); Step S2, dismantling the auxiliary components of the flying escalator (9); Step S3, hanging a hoisting assembly between the end of the flying escalator (9) and the upper hanging point, wherein the hoisting assembly includes a hoisting rope (5) and an electric hoist (7); Step S4, disconnecting the escalator (9) from the main structure, and lifting the escalator (9) off the structural floor (2) so that the bottom end of the escalator (9) is suspended in the air; Step S5, arranging a traction assembly at the bottom end of the flying escalator (9), wherein the traction assembly comprises a traction rope (8) and a winch (10); Step S6, slowly lowering the bottom end of the flying escalator (9) to the dismantling and transporting floor determined in step S1 by means of the traction assembly cooperating with the hoisting assembly; Step S7, a ground bull (11) is placed at the bottom of the flying escalator (9), the slings (5) of the front and rear end sling assemblies of the flying escalator (9) are lowered simultaneously, and the traction assembly is used to move the bottom of the flying escalator (9) away from the atrium (1); Step S8, as the escalator (9) moves, a ground bull (11) is added to the bottom of the escalator (9) according to the designed calculated interval. After the escalator (9) moves forward for a certain distance, a load-bearing pad (12) is added between the escalator (9) and the structural floor (2). After the load at the bottom of the escalator (9) is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad (12), the lower hanging point of the hanging assembly corresponding to the bottom of the escalator (9) is moved backward and the force is re-tightened; Step S9, after the load at the bottom end of the flying escalator (9) is completely transferred to the hoisting assembly, the load-bearing pad (12) is removed and the flying escalator (9) continues to move forward under the cooperation of the hoisting assembly and the traction assembly; Step S10, repeating the operations of steps S8 and S9 until the flying escalator (9) is completely transferred from the atrium (1) area to the structural floor (2) area. During this period, the hoisting components arranged at the bottom and top of the flying escalator (9) need to be removed in turn according to the design calculation conditions; Step S11, the flying escalator (9) is towed to the disassembly area for disassembly and transportation, thereby completing the dismantling of the flying escalator (9).

2. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, the maximum distance that the flying escalator (9) can move before the lower suspension point of the suspension assembly is switched is determined by calculation, and the specific calculation includes the following steps: Step 1, determining the ultimate bearing capacity F of the suspension rope (5); Step 2, determining the vertical component force G that the suspension rope (5) needs to provide in the vertical direction; Step 3, determine the maximum inclination angle θ of the suspension rope (5), θ=arccos(G / F); Step 4, determining the maximum distance X that the flying escalator (9) can move before each conversion of the lower hanging point of the lifting assembly, X=H*sinθ, wherein H is the distance from the upper hanging point of the lifting assembly to the flying escalator (9) in the vertical direction.

3. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the space on the floor for dismantling and transporting is limited and cannot meet the requirements for dismantling the escalator (9) as a whole, the escalator (9) is dismantled by lowering and cutting at the same time, and the cutting operation is performed after the load at the bottom end of the escalator (9) is completely transferred to the load-bearing pad (12).

4. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spare hoisting assembly is also arranged between the front end hoisting assembly and the rear end hoisting assembly of the flying escalator (9), the hanging point of the spare hoisting assembly is between the hanging point of the front end hoisting assembly and the hanging point of the rear end hoisting assembly of the flying escalator (9), and the spare hoisting assembly is used to replace the front end hoisting assembly or the rear end hoisting assembly of the flying escalator (9).

5. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The last section of the flying escalator (9) is pulled as a whole to the structural floor (2) area by a pulling assembly arranged on one side of the flying escalator (9) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the flying escalator (9), and is further moved to the decomposition area by the cooperation of the pulling assembly with the ground bull (11) for decomposition and transportation.

6. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting assembly is fixed at the upper hoisting point position by a hoisting point steel wire rope (13), and the hoisting point steel wire rope (13) is arranged in a manner of passing through a plate and winding around a beam. The hoisting point steel wire rope (13) is a closed annular rope body, and the rope body passes through the structural floor slab (2) on both sides of the frame beam (3) and encircles the frame beam (3) and the structural floor slab (2) corresponding to the frame beam (3) above.

7. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 6, characterized in that: Rubber pads are provided at the contact positions between the suspension point steel wire rope (13) and the structural floor slab (2).

8. The method for dismantling an extra-long and extra-heavy flying escalator in an atrium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction assembly is fixed to the structural column (4) via a traction point steel wire rope (14); the traction point steel wire rope (14) is arranged in a manner of being wound around the column; the traction point steel wire rope (14) is a closed annular rope body, the rope body is arranged in a manner of encircling the structural column (4); and rubber pads are provided at the contact positions between the traction point steel wire rope (14) and the structural column (4).

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