Brake device and motor

Abstract

The invention provides a brake device and a motor, the brake device comprises a first rotating assembly and a second rotating assembly, the first rotating assembly is fixed on a rotating shaft, and the second rotating assembly is connected with the first rotating assembly in an extrusion manner under the action of a first elastic piece; the first rotating assembly can rotate relative to the second rotating assembly; the rotation stopping assembly can be switched between a first working position and a second working position, when the rotation stopping assembly is switched to the first working position, the rotation stopping assembly is connected with the second rotating assembly in a clamped mode, and when the rotation stopping assembly is switched to the second working position, the rotation stopping assembly is separated from the second rotating assembly; and the electromagnetic driving assembly is fixed on the bracket, and the rotation stopping assembly can be switched between the first working position and the second working position under the action of the electromagnetic driving assembly, so that the technical problems of overlarge size and overweight of the electromagnetic driving assembly of the motor in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a braking device and a motor. Background Art

[0002] The electromagnetic brake is an important basic component that switches the brake holding and brake opening states between power on and power off. It is mainly used for safe braking of rotating mechanisms (such as motor devices, etc.). Currently, servo motors mainly use electromagnetic power-off brakes to ensure that the shaft does not move after power off.

[0003] Traditional brakes achieve braking through the pressure generated by the spring force on the friction plate. The electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic drive component is greater than the spring force to release the pressure on the friction plate, thereby achieving a non-braking state. The braking force of traditional brakes is the spring force. When a larger braking force is required, the elastic coefficient of the spring needs to be larger to provide a larger extrusion force; and in order to overcome the elasticity of the spring, the electromagnetic drive component needs to provide a larger electromagnetic force. The larger electromagnetic force not only consumes more electrical energy, but also causes the overall volume and weight of the electromagnetic drive component to be larger, and also generates a larger interference magnetic field. The interference magnetic field has an adverse effect on the operation of the motor, especially the servo motor.

[0004] How to prevent electromagnetic drive components from being too large and too heavy is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a braking device and a motor, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art that the electromagnetic drive components of the motor are too large in size and too heavy in weight.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a braking device for braking a rotating shaft, comprising:

[0007] a first rotating assembly and a second rotating assembly, wherein the first rotating assembly is fixed to the rotating shaft, the second rotating assembly is squeezed and connected with the first rotating assembly under the action of a first elastic member, and the first rotating assembly can rotate relative to the second rotating assembly;

[0008] A rotation-stop assembly is switchable between a first working position and a second working position. When the rotation-stop assembly is switched to the first working position, the rotation-stop assembly is engaged with the second rotating assembly. When the rotation-stop assembly is switched to the second working position, the rotation-stop assembly is separated from the second rotating assembly.

[0009] The electromagnetic drive component is fixed on the bracket, and the anti-rotation component can be switched between the first working position and the second working position under the action of the electromagnetic drive component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second rotating assembly is provided with an annular groove opening toward the rotating shaft, the annular groove has a first side surface and a second side surface, and the first side surface and the second side surface are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;

[0011] The first rotating assembly includes a first friction member and a second friction member. The first friction member abuts against the first side surface, the second friction member abuts against the second side surface, and the first elastic member is disposed between the first friction member and the second friction member and is in an extruded state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first rotating assembly includes a spoke fixed to the rotating shaft, and the first friction member and the second friction member are slidably mounted on the spoke only along the axial direction of the spoke.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first guide groove extending along the axial direction of the spoke is provided at one end of the outer circumferential surface of the spoke close to the first side surface, and a first protrusion adapted to the first guide groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member;

[0014] A second guide groove extending along the axial direction of the spoke is provided at one end of the outer circumferential surface of the spoke close to the second side surface, and a second protrusion adapted to the second guide groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member.

[0015] In some embodiments, a first annular notch surrounding the spoke axis is provided at an end of the radial outer edge of the spoke close to the first side surface, the first annular notch includes a first axial limiting surface facing the first side surface and a first circular surface facing away from the rotating shaft, and the first friction member is sleeved on the first circular surface;

[0016] A second annular notch surrounding the spoke axis is provided at the end of the radial outer edge of the spoke close to the second side surface. The second annular notch includes a second axial limiting surface facing the second side surface and a second circular surface facing away from the rotating shaft. The second friction member is sleeved on the second circular surface.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the axial direction of the spoke, the outer peripheral surface of the spoke includes a limiting circular surface arranged between the first annular notch and the second annular notch, the first elastic member is a wave spring, the wave spring is sleeved on the limiting circular surface, and the inner side surface of the wave spring is gap-matched with the limiting circular surface.

[0018] In some embodiments, the anti-rotation assembly includes a sliding ring surrounding the second rotating assembly, a driving gear surrounding the second rotating assembly is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding ring, and a driven gear adapted to the driving gear is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the second rotating assembly. When the anti-rotation assembly is located in the first working position, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.

[0019] In some embodiments, the bracket includes an inner circumferential surface, the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring is opposite to the inner circumferential surface of the bracket, the inner circumferential surface of the bracket is provided with a first guide portion extending along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring is provided with a second guide portion adapted to the first guide portion.

[0020] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft is provided with a shoulder, and the shoulder includes an end face intersecting with the axis of the rotating shaft, the first rotating component abuts against the end face, and the direction in which the anti-rotation component slides from the second working position to the first working position is opposite to the direction of the end face.

[0021] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive assembly includes a first conductive coil, a second elastic member is disposed between the electromagnetic drive assembly and the anti-rotation assembly, and the anti-rotation assembly includes a component that can be magnetized;

[0022] When the first conductive coil is energized, the anti-rotation assembly can slide to the second working position and squeeze the second elastic member. When the first conductive coil is deenergized, the second elastic member can slide the anti-rotation assembly to the first working position.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive component includes a second conductive coil, a permanent magnet is arranged on the anti-rotation component, and the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic field generated by the second conductive coil being energized is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention provides a motor, including the braking device, wherein the rotating shaft is the rotating shaft of the rotor of the motor, the bracket is the rear end cover of the motor, and one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear end cover.

[0025] During braking, the electromagnetic drive component only needs to switch the anti-rotation component from the second working position to the first working position to achieve braking. The magnitude of the braking torque depends on the squeezing force between the first rotating component and the second rotating component, that is, the magnitude of the elastic force of the first elastic member, rather than the force of the electromagnetic drive component driving the anti-rotation component. This allows the electromagnetic drive component to achieve braking of the rotating shaft with only a small power consumption, reducing the power consumption of the electromagnetic drive component. The magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnetic drive is small. When the braking device is applied to the motor, the electromagnetic interference generated to the motor is also small. The force generated by the electromagnetic drive component is relatively small, so a larger volume is not required, which is conducive to reducing space occupancy and reducing the weight of the braking device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 is an exploded view of a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention when the anti-rotation assembly is in a second working position;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention when the anti-rotation assembly is in a first working position;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spoke structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the support structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 The embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 Right view of;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotation-stopping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 Right view of;

[0035] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0036] 1. First rotating assembly; 101. First friction member; 102. Second friction member; 103. Spoke; 1031. First circular surface; 1032. Second circular surface; 10311. First axial limiting surface; 10322. Second axial limiting surface; 1033. Limiting circular surface; 2. Second rotating assembly; 201. First side surface; 202. Second side surface; 203. Driven gear; 204. Tubular body; 2041. Through hole; 205. Cover plate; 206, annular groove; 3, rotating shaft; 301, end face; 4, anti-rotation assembly; 401, sliding ring; 402, driving gear; 4012, second guide part; 5, electromagnetic drive assembly; 501, first conductive coil; 502, iron core; 601, bracket; 602, bearing; 6011, first guide part; 701, first working position; 702, second working position; 801, first elastic member; 802, second elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0039] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0040] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a braking device for braking a rotating shaft 3, comprising:

[0042] a first rotating assembly 1 and a second rotating assembly 2, wherein the first rotating assembly 1 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3, and the second rotating assembly 2 is squeezed and connected with the first rotating assembly 1 under the action of a first elastic member, and the first rotating assembly 1 can rotate relative to the second rotating assembly 2;

[0043] The anti-rotation component 4 can be switched between the first working position 701 and the second working position 702. When the anti-rotation component 4 is switched to the first working position 701, the anti-rotation component 4 is engaged with the second rotating component 2. When the anti-rotation component 4 is switched to the second working position 702, the anti-rotation component 4 is separated from the second rotating component 2.

[0044] The electromagnetic driving component 5 is fixed on the bracket 601 , and the anti-rotation component 4 can be switched between the first working position 701 and the second working position 702 under the action of the electromagnetic driving component 5 .

[0045] When not braking, the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 controls the anti-rotation assembly 4 to be in the second working position 702. At this time, the anti-rotation assembly 4 is separated from the second rotating assembly 2, and the second rotating assembly 2 and the first rotating assembly 1 rotate together with the rotating shaft 3; when braking, the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 controls the anti-rotation assembly 4 to be in the first working position 701. At this time, the anti-rotation assembly 4 is engaged with the second rotating assembly 2. Since the anti-rotation assembly 4 can only be in the first working position 701 (such as Figure 3 as shown) and the second working position 702 (as shown Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the first rotating component 2 is switched between the two (that is, it cannot rotate with the second rotating component 2), the second rotating component 2 is clamped together with the anti-rotation component 4 and no longer rotates, and because the second rotating component 2 and the first rotating component 1 are squeezed together under the action of the first elastic member, and the first rotating component 1 can rotate relative to the second rotating component 2, the first rotating component 1 is driven by the shaft 3 to rotate relative to the second rotating component 2 and sliding friction occurs between the first rotating component 1 and the second rotating component 2. The sliding friction between the second rotating component 2 and the first rotating component 1 can gradually reduce the rotation speed of the first rotating component 1, thereby achieving braking of the shaft 3. In the present application, when braking, the electromagnetic drive component 5 only needs to convert the anti-rotation component 4 from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701 to achieve braking. The magnitude of the braking torque depends on the squeezing force between the first rotating component 1 and the second rotating component 2, that is, the magnitude of the elastic force of the first elastic member, rather than the force of the electromagnetic drive component 5 driving the anti-rotation component 4. This makes the electromagnetic drive component 5 only need a small power consumption to achieve braking of the rotating shaft 3, reducing the power consumption of the electromagnetic drive component 5. The magnetic field intensity generated by the electromagnetic drive is small. When the braking device is applied to the motor, the electromagnetic interference generated to the motor is also small. The force generated by the electromagnetic drive component 5 is relatively small, so a large volume is not required, which is conducive to reducing space occupancy and reducing the weight of the braking device. When the rotating shaft 3 rotates normally, when the anti-rotation component 4 is in the second working position 702, the second rotating component 2 is squeezed and connected with the first rotating component 1 and rotates together with the rotating shaft 3, which increases the rotational inertia of the rotating shaft 3 and improves the stability of the rotation of the rotating shaft 3.

[0046] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the second rotating assembly 2 is provided with an annular groove 206 opening toward the rotating shaft 3, the annular groove 206 has a first side surface 201 and a second side surface 202, and the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202 are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3;

[0047] The first rotating component 1 includes a first friction member 101 and a second friction member 102. The first friction member 101 abuts against the first side surface 201, and the second friction member 102 abuts against the second side surface 202. The first elastic member 801 is disposed between the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 and is in an extruded state.

[0048] Since the first elastic member 801 is squeezed between the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102, the first friction member 101 is squeezed and connected with the first side surface 201, and the second friction member 102 is squeezed and connected with the second side surface 202. When the second rotating component 2 is stuck and no longer rotates, friction occurs between the first friction member 101 and the first side surface 201, and friction occurs between the second friction member 102 and the second side surface 202; the magnitude of the friction force is related to the first elastic member 801, and the braking performance of the braking device can be adjusted by simply changing the material and elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 801, which is convenient for modular production and application of the braking device. The magnitude of the above-mentioned friction force has nothing to do with the electromagnetic drive component 5 and the anti-rotation component 4, and there is no need to adjust the electromagnetic drive component 5 and the anti-rotation component 4, which further simplifies the production and assembly of the braking device. It should also be that the magnitude of the friction force is irrelevant to the electromagnetic drive component 5 and the anti-rotation component 4, and the electromagnetic drive component 5 does not need to provide a large force, nor does it occupy a large space, and will not generate a large electromagnetic interference. The opening of the groove faces the rotating shaft 3 to facilitate the connection between the two friction members and the rotating shaft 3.

[0049] Preferably, Figure 1-2 As shown, the first rotating assembly 1 includes a spoke 103 fixed on the rotating shaft 3 , and the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 are slidably mounted on the spoke 103 only along the axial direction of the spoke 103 .

[0050] The spoke 103 is used to be fixed to the rotating shaft 3, and is also used as a supporting component for the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102. The first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 can only be slidably mounted on the spoke 103 along the axial direction of the spoke 103, which means that the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 cannot rotate relative to the spoke 103.

[0051] Since friction can turn solid into powder, during the friction between the first friction member 101 and the first side surface 201, the first friction member 101 tends to gradually move away from the second friction member 102. Similarly, the second friction member 102 also tends to gradually move away from the first friction member 101. The distance between the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 gradually increases, so that the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 are slidably arranged on the spoke 103. During the process of the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 moving away from each other, the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 can be slidably mounted on the spoke 103, so that the two friction members can move relative to each other, so that the force between the friction surfaces is more stable, thereby making the rotation of the shaft 3 more stable. The spokes 103 also have a radial limiting effect on the two friction parts (radial direction of the shaft 3 or radial direction of the spokes 103, the shaft 3 and the spokes 103 are coaxial) to avoid uneven distribution of friction force along the radial direction of the shaft 3, which may cause bending moment of the shaft 3, and further improve the rotation stability of the shaft 3.

[0052] The radial direction in this application refers to the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3. Since the spokes 103 are coaxial with the rotating shaft 3, it also refers to the radial direction of the spokes 103. Similarly, the axial direction in this application refers to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 and also refers to the axial direction of the spokes 103.

[0053] Preferably, a first guide groove extending along the axial direction of the spoke 103 is provided on one end of the outer circumferential surface of the spoke 103 close to the first side surface 201, and a first protrusion adapted to the first guide groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member 101;

[0054] A second guide groove extending along the axial direction of the spoke 103 is disposed at one end of the outer circumferential surface of the spoke 103 close to the second side surface 202 , and a second protrusion adapted to the second guide groove is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member 101 .

[0055] The first protrusion of the first friction member 101 is slidably disposed in the first guide groove. On the one hand, the first protrusion cooperates with the first guide groove to stop the first friction member 101 from rotating, thereby preventing the first friction member 101 from rotating relative to the spoke 103 due to friction and extrusion between the first friction member 101 and the first side surface 201; on the other hand, the first guide groove has a guiding effect on the sliding of the first friction member 101, thereby facilitating the first friction member 101 to stably slide along the axial direction of the spoke 103, thereby making the extrusion force between the first friction member 101 and the first side surface 201 more stable. Similarly, the second guide groove has the same function as the first guide groove.

[0056] Preferably, Figure 1-2 , Figure 4As shown, a first annular notch surrounding the axis of the spoke 103 is provided at the end of the radial outer edge of the spoke 103 close to the first side surface 201, and the first annular notch includes a first axial limiting surface 10311 facing the first side surface 201 and a first circular surface 1031 facing away from the rotating shaft 3, and the first friction member 101 is sleeved on the first circular surface 1031;

[0057] A second annular notch surrounding the axis of the spoke 103 is provided at the end of the radial outer edge of the spoke 103 near the second side surface 202, and the second annular notch includes a second axial limiting surface 10322 facing the second side surface 202 and a second circular surface 1032 facing away from the rotating shaft 3, and the second friction member 102 is sleeved on the second circular surface 1032.

[0058] Through the above arrangement, the first friction member 101 is limited by the first circular surface 1031 in the radial direction, and the second friction member 102 is limited by the second circular surface 1032 in the radial direction, so as to avoid the friction member moving in the radial direction, resulting in the ring formed by the extrusion force in the axial direction not coinciding with the axis of the rotating shaft 3 or causing a large deviation, thereby avoiding the situation where the rotating shaft 3 wants to generate a large bending moment under the action of the above extrusion force. The first axial limiting surface 10311 and the first side surface 201 limit the first friction member 101 within a certain range, avoiding the first friction member 101 from having a large displacement in the axial direction, ensuring the stability of the extrusion force between the first friction member 101 and the first side surface 201; similarly, the stability of the extrusion force between the second friction member 102 and the second side surface 202 is also ensured. Moreover, during the installation process, the first elastic member 801 is arranged between the two friction members, and the two friction members need to be moved toward the middle to squeeze the first elastic member 801 to facilitate installation into the annular groove 206. At this time, the first axial limiting surface 10311 and the second axial limiting surface 10322 limit the distance between the two friction members to prevent the first elastic member 801 from being excessively squeezed and resulting in a reduction in elastic performance.

[0059] Preferably, Figure 1-2 , Figure 4 As shown, in the axial direction of the spoke 103, the outer circumferential surface of the spoke 103 includes a limiting circular surface 1033 arranged between the first annular notch and the second annular notch, and the first elastic member 801 is a wave spring, and the wave spring is sleeved on the limiting circular surface 1033, and the inner side surface of the wave spring is clearance-matched with the limiting circular surface 1033.

[0060] The first elastic member 801 is a wave spring, and has a clearance fit with the limiting circular surface 1033. Preferably, the clearance size is between 0.2 and 0.3 mm. With such a configuration, on the one hand, the limiting circular surface 1033 has a radial limiting function for the wave spring, ensuring that the force of the wave spring on the two friction members can act evenly on the two friction members in the radial direction, thereby making the force between the two friction members and the side more uniform, thereby improving the friction braking effect; on the other hand, when the two friction members are away from each other, it is convenient for the wave spring to deform (without getting stuck with the limiting circular surface 1033) and generate a stable force on the two friction members.

[0061] Preferably, Figure 1-2 As shown, the anti-rotation component 4 includes a sliding ring 401 surrounding the second rotating component 2, and a driving gear 402 surrounding the second rotating component 2 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding ring 401, and a driven gear 203 adapted to the driving gear 402 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the second rotating component 2. When the anti-rotation component 4 is located in the first working position 701, the driving gear 402 is meshed with the driven gear 203.

[0062] By arranging a driving gear 402 surrounding the second rotating component 2 on the sliding ring 401 of the stop component 4, and arranging a driven gear 203 on the second rotating component 2, when the sliding ring 401 slides to the first working position 701, the driving gear 402 is meshed with the driven gear 203, clamping the second rotating component 2 in the circumferential direction of the second rotating component 2, so that the second rotating component 2 is subjected to a relatively uniform force in the circumferential direction, thereby reducing the vibration generated by the second rotating component 2 when it rotates to stop.

[0063] Furthermore, the pitch circle diameter of the driving gear 402 is larger than the pitch circle diameter of the driven gear 203, for example, 2% larger, thereby increasing the difficulty between the gear teeth after the driving gear 402 and the driven gear 203 are meshed, so that the driving gear 402 can mesh with the driven gear 203 more conveniently.

[0064] Furthermore, a through hole 2041 is provided at the bottom of the annular groove 206. Figure 3As shown, on the one hand, the through hole 2041 can accelerate the heat exchange between the annular groove 206 and the outside, and correspondingly accelerate the heat dissipation of the friction plate to ensure the friction performance of the friction plate; on the other hand, in the non-braking state, the centrifugal force generated when the second rotating component 2 follows the rotation of the first rotating component 1 causes the powder generated by the friction of the friction plate to flow out of the through hole 2041, and will not accumulate in the annular groove 206, thereby avoiding the friction between the friction plate and the side from changing from sliding friction to rolling friction and reducing the friction performance; and, in the non-braking state, the driving gear 402 is opposite to the through hole 2041, and the structure of the driving gear 402 enables the second rotating component 2 to rotate in the main gear when rotating. A large airflow is generated between the moving gear 402 and the second rotating component 2 (from the perspective of relative motion, in the non-braking state, the second rotating component 2 does not rotate, and the driving gear 402 rotates. Compared with the structure without gear teeth, the driving gear 402 can drive excessive and faster gas to flow circumferentially around the second rotating component 2). The airflow flowing around the second rotating component 2 can generate a large suction force on the outer surface of the second rotating component 2 (the faster the flow speed of the fluid, the smaller the dynamic pressure generated), and the gas in the annular groove 206 can flow outward from the through hole 2041, thereby driving the friction-generated powder to flow out of the annular groove 206.

[0065] Preferably, Figure 5-8 As shown, the bracket 601 includes an inner circumferential surface, the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring 401 is opposite to the inner circumferential surface of the bracket 601, the inner circumferential surface of the bracket 601 is provided with a first guide portion 6011 extending along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring 401 is provided with a second guide portion 4012 adapted to the first guide portion 6011.

[0066] The sliding ring 401 can slide along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 through the cooperation of the second guide part 4012 and the first guide part 6011. At the same time, the cooperation of the first guide part 6011 and the second guide part 4012 can stop the sliding ring 401, preventing the sliding ring 401 from being driven by the rotating second rotating component 2 to rotate after the active gear 402 and the driven gear 203 are engaged. Further, the first guide part 6011 includes a plurality of slots extending along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and the second guide part 4012 includes a plurality of sliders adapted to the slots, which are slidably arranged in the slots. The plurality of slots evenly surround the rotating shaft 3.

[0067] Preferably, Figure 1-2 As shown, the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a shoulder, and the shoulder includes an end face 301 intersecting with the axis of the rotating shaft 3, the first rotating component 1 abuts against the end face 301, and the direction in which the anti-rotation component 4 slides from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701 is opposite to the direction of the end face 301.

[0068] Furthermore, the end surface 301 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 3 .

[0069] When the anti-rotation component 4 slides from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701, the anti-rotation component 4 is bound to generate a force on the second rotating component 2 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3. The direction of the force is consistent with the sliding direction of the anti-rotation component 4, both are the first direction, and the end face 301 is oriented in the second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. In this way, the end face 301 can axially position the first rotating component 1 when it is installed, and can also prevent the first rotating component 1 from sliding along the first direction under the force of the anti-rotation component 4 (the anti-rotation component 4 acts on the second rotating component 2, and the second rotating component 2 acts on the first rotating component 1), thereby ensuring that the anti-rotation component 4 can be engaged with the second rotating component 2, and ensuring that the braking device can brake the rotating shaft 3 in time.

[0070] Preferably, Figure 1-2 As shown, the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 includes a first conductive coil 501, a second elastic member 802 is provided between the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 and the anti-rotation assembly 4, and the anti-rotation assembly 4 includes a component that can be magnetized;

[0071] When the first conductive coil 501 is energized, the anti-rotation component 4 can slide to the second working position 702 and squeeze the second elastic member 802 . When the first conductive coil 501 is deenergized, the second elastic member 802 can slide the anti-rotation component 4 to the first working position 701 .

[0072] Embodiment 1 of driving the anti-rotation component 4 to move: the first conductive coil 501 is energized to enable the anti-rotation component 4 to slide to the second working position 702 and squeeze the second elastic member 802; the first conductive coil 501 is de-energized, and the second elastic member 802 can enable the anti-rotation component 4 to slide to the first working position 701; the function of the second elastic member is to drive the anti-rotation component to slide from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701, which means that when the anti-rotation component 4 is in the second working position 702, the elastic potential energy stored in the second elastic member is not large, and accordingly, when the first conductive coil 501 is energized to enable the anti-rotation component 4 to slide from the first working position 701 to the second working position 702, the work done by the second elastic member 802 to be overcome is not large. On the one hand, the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member 802 can be very small, the strength of the magnetic field generated by the first conductive coil 501 is also relatively small, and the electromagnetic interference generated when the first conductive coil 501 is energized is relatively small. The second elastic member 802 is preferably a spring.

[0073] Furthermore, the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 also includes an iron core 502, the iron core 502 includes a coil slot, the first conductive coil 501 is arranged in the coil slot of the iron core 502, and the iron core 502 can concentrate the magnetic field, thereby further reducing the power consumption of the first conductive coil 501 and reducing the interference of the magnetic field generated by the first conductive coil 501 on other parts. The anti-rotation assembly 4 is made of metal iron.

[0074] Preferably, the electromagnetic drive component 5 includes a second conductive coil, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the anti-rotation component 4, and the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3; the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic field generated by energizing the second conductive coil is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.

[0075] Embodiment 2 of driving the anti-rotation component 4 to move: the electromagnetic driving component 5 includes a second conductive coil, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the anti-rotation component 4, and the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3; the second conductive coil is energized to generate a magnetic field, and since the magnetic pole direction of the generated electromagnetic field is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, like poles repel each other, so that the anti-rotation component 4 slides from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701. The second conductive coil is powered off, and slides from the first working position 701 to the second working position 702 under the action of the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet itself. Compared with embodiment 1, in embodiment 2, after the second conductive coil is powered off, the anti-rotation component 4 can slide to the second working position 702 under the action of the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet, and the anti-rotation component 4 can be adsorbed on the bracket 601 (the bracket 601 is metal iron) through the permanent magnet, which further reduces the consumption of electric energy. Moreover, at this time, the second conductive coil is not charged with current, and no magnetic field is generated at all, and no electromagnetic interference is generated at all. Furthermore, it is also possible to charge a negative current (definition: when the anti-rotation component 4 slides from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701, the current in the second conductive coil is positive) into the second conductive coil, thereby generating an attractive electromagnetic force on the permanent magnet, thereby accelerating the sliding of the anti-rotation component 4 from the first working position 701 to the second working position 702 and preventing the anti-rotation component 4 from being stuck in the first working position 701 and unable to slide.

[0076] The present invention also provides a motor, comprising the braking device described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the rotating shaft 3 is the rotating shaft of the rotor of the motor, the bracket 601 is the rear end cover of the motor, and one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear end cover.

[0077] In the prior art, the brake of the motor achieves braking by the pressure generated by the spring force on the friction plate, and the electromagnetic force generated by the winding is greater than the spring force to release the pressure on the friction plate, thereby achieving a non-braking state. The braking force of the traditional brake is the spring force. When the braking performance needs to be increased, the elastic potential energy of the spring needs to be increased, which requires increasing the electromagnetic force to overcome the elastic potential energy, and then increasing the current of the winding and / or increasing the volume of the winding (the number of coils and the size of the iron core 502) to increase the magnetic field strength. This makes the motor in the prior art larger in size, heavier, and more energy-consuming, and the magnetic field generated by the winding also interferes with the motor in this application.

[0078] The motor of the present application is provided with the above-mentioned braking device. The magnitude of the braking force is related to the elasticity of the first elastic member 801, but has nothing to do with the driving force of the electromagnetic drive assembly 5. The first elastic member 801 is a component pre-installed in the first rotating assembly 1. It is only necessary to charge the electromagnetic drive assembly 5 with a small current to drive the anti-rotation assembly 4 to slide to the first working position 701 to achieve braking. The electromagnetic drive assembly 5 of the braking device of the present application is small in size, light in weight, and has a small magnetic field strength during operation. The interference to the motor (including the motor shaft 3, bearing 602 and servo motor encoder) is also small; due to the small magnetic field strength required, the winding of the first conductive coil 501 is also less. When the first conductive coil 501 is a copper wire, the consumption of copper is reduced. When an iron core 502 is provided, the volume of the iron core 502 and the consumption of iron are also reduced, thereby reducing costs. In one embodiment, the motor is a servo motor. The first rotating assembly 1 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3, and the second rotating assembly 2 is squeezed and connected with the first rotating assembly. In the non-braking state, the first rotating assembly 1 and the second rotating assembly 2 rotate together with the rotating shaft 3, thereby increasing the rotational inertia of the motor. In the prior art, the friction between the friction plate and the armature becomes thinner over time, and the distance between the friction plate and the winding increases. When it is necessary to control the separation of the armature and the friction plate, a larger current and voltage are required to generate more magnetic field to separate the armature and the friction plate. For different motors, as long as the diameter of the rotating shaft 3 is the same, different braking torques can be adjusted by simply replacing the first elastic member 801.

[0079] The braking process of the motor: the motor is powered off, the first conductive coil 501 is powered off, and the electromagnetic attraction to the anti-rotation component 4 is lost. The anti-rotation component 4 slides from the second working position 702 to the first working position 701 under the action of the second elastic member 802; in the first working position 701, the driving gear 402 on the sliding ring 401 on the anti-rotation component 4 is meshed with the driven gear 203 on the second rotating component 2, and the anti-rotation component 4 is restricted in the circumferential direction by the rear end cover and cannot rotate, and the second rotating component 2 is also restricted in the circumferential direction and no longer rotates. Because the first friction member 101 and the second friction member 102 are squeezed together with the second rotating component 2 under the action of the wave spring, the first rotating component 1 is fixed with the rotating shaft 3, and sliding friction occurs between the friction member and the second rotating component 2 to achieve braking of the rotating shaft 3.

[0080] The non-braking state of the motor: the motor is energized, the first conductive coil 501 is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated by the first conductive coil 501 attracts the anti-rotation component 4 to slide from the first working position 701 to the second working position 702. The driving gear 402 on the anti-rotation component 4 is separated from the driven gear 203 on the second rotating component 2 and no longer generates a circumferential force on the second rotating component 2. The second rotating component 2 is squeezed and fitted together with the first rotating component 1 under the action of the wave spring and rotates with the rotating shaft 3; the anti-rotation component 4 squeezes the second elastic member 802 during the process of sliding from the first working position 701 to the second working position 702, so that the second elastic member 802 stores elastic potential energy.

[0081] Braking device assembly:

[0082] To facilitate the installation of the two friction members, the second rotating assembly 2 includes a cylindrical body 204 and a cover plate 205. One end of the cylindrical body 204 is open, and the other end is a bottom. The bottom is provided with a hole through the rotating shaft 3. The cover plate 205 is used to cover the opening of the cylindrical body 204. The cover plate 205 is provided with a hole through the rotating shaft 3. After the cover plate 205 covers the opening of the cylindrical body 204, the cavity between the cylindrical body 204 and the cover plate 205 forms an annular groove 206. When the side facing the change of the bottom of the cylindrical body 204 is the first side 201, the surface of the cover plate 205 facing the first side 201 is the second side 202.

[0083] The first friction member 101 is sleeved on the first circular surface 1031, the wave spring is sleeved on the limiting circular surface 1033, and then the second friction member 102 is sleeved on the second circular surface 1032; the spoke 103 provided with the friction member and the wave spring is put into the interior of the cylindrical body 204 from the opening of the cylindrical body 204, the axial direction of the spoke 103 is consistent with the axial direction of the cylindrical body 204, and then the cover plate 205 covers the opening of the cylindrical body 204, and the cover plate 205 is fixed on the cylindrical body 204 with screws; while assembling the cover plate 205, the wave spring is gradually compressed, and the wave spring squeezes the two friction members and the two side surfaces together. In this way, the first rotating assembly 1 is assembled, and the first rotating assembly 1 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 3 by cold pressing, and the spoke 103 and the rotating shaft 3 are interference fit.

[0084] The first conductive coil 501 is wound around the iron core 502, and the first conductive coil 501 and the iron core 502 are isolated by an imide film to prevent current leakage; the iron core 502 is fixed to the rear end cover by screws, and the second elastic member 802 is pre-installed on the iron core 502. The anti-rotation assembly 4 is slidably installed on the rear end cover through the first guide portion 6011 and the second guide portion 4012 and squeezes the second elastic member 802; finally, the rear end cover and other components installed on the rear end cover are installed as a whole on the motor body.

[0085] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A braking device for braking a rotating shaft (3). It is characterized in that include: A first rotating assembly (1) and a second rotating assembly (2), wherein the first rotating assembly (1) is fixed on the rotating shaft (3), and the second rotating assembly (2) is squeezed and connected to the first rotating assembly (1) under the action of a first elastic member (801), and the first rotating assembly (1) can rotate relative to the second rotating assembly (2); The anti-rotation component (4) is capable of switching between a first working position (701) and a second working position (702); when the anti-rotation component (4) is switched to the first working position (701), the anti-rotation component (4) is engaged with the second rotating component (2); when the anti-rotation component (4) is switched to the second working position (702), the anti-rotation component (4) is separated from the second rotating component (2); The electromagnetic drive component (5) is fixed on the bracket (601), and the anti-rotation component (4) can switch between the first working position (701) and the second working position (702) under the action of the electromagnetic drive component (5).

2. The brake device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second rotating assembly (2) is provided with an annular groove (206) opening toward the rotating shaft (3), the annular groove (206) having a first side surface (201) and a second side surface (202), the first side surface (201) and the second side surface (202) being distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3); The first rotating component (1) comprises a first friction member (101) and a second friction member (102); the first friction member (101) abuts against the first side surface (201); the second friction member (102) abuts against the second side surface (202); and the first elastic member (801) is arranged between the first friction member (101) and the second friction member (102) and is in an extruded state.

3. The brake device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The first rotating assembly (1) comprises a spoke (103) fixed on the rotating shaft (3), and the first friction member (101) and the second friction member (102) are slidably mounted on the spoke (103) only along the axial direction of the spoke (103).

4. The brake device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that A first guide groove extending along the axial direction of the wheel spoke (103) is provided at one end of the outer circumferential surface of the wheel spoke (103) close to the first side surface (201), and a first protrusion adapted to the first guide groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member (101); A second guide groove extending along the axial direction of the spoke (103) is provided at one end of the outer circumferential surface of the spoke (103) close to the second side surface (202), and a second protrusion adapted to the second guide groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first friction member (101).

5. The brake device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that A first annular notch surrounding the axis of the spoke (103) is provided at the end of the radial outer edge of the spoke (103) close to the first side surface (201), the first annular notch comprising a first axial limiting surface (10311) facing the first side surface (201) and a first circular surface (1031) facing away from the rotating shaft (3), and the first friction member (101) is sleeved on the first circular surface (1031); A second annular notch surrounding the axis of the spoke (103) is provided at the end of the radial outer edge of the spoke (103) close to the second side surface (202), the second annular notch comprising a second axial limiting surface (10322) facing the second side surface (202) and a second circular surface (1032) facing away from the rotating shaft (3), and the second friction member (102) is sleeved on the second circular surface (1032).

6. The braking device according to claim 5, It is characterized in that In the axial direction of the wheel spoke (103), the outer peripheral surface of the wheel spoke (103) includes a limiting circular surface (1033) arranged between the first annular notch and the second annular notch, the first elastic member (801) is a wave spring, the wave spring is sleeved on the limiting circular surface (1033), and the inner side surface of the wave spring is clearance-matched with the limiting circular surface (1033).

7. The brake device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The anti-rotation component (4) comprises a sliding ring (401) surrounding the second rotating component (2); a driving gear (402) surrounding the second rotating component (2) is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding ring (401); a driven gear (203) adapted to the driving gear (402) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the second rotating component (2); when the anti-rotation component (4) is located in the first working position (701), the driving gear (402) and the driven gear (203) are meshed together.

8. The brake device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The bracket (601) includes an inner circumferential surface, the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring (401) is opposite to the inner circumferential surface of the bracket (601), a first guide portion (6011) extending along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3) is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the bracket (601), and a second guide portion (4012) adapted to the first guide portion (6011) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring (401).

9. The brake device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The rotating shaft (3) is provided with a shoulder, and the shoulder includes an end face (301) intersecting the axis of the rotating shaft (3); the first rotating component (1) abuts against the end face (301); and the direction in which the anti-rotation component (4) slides from the second working position (702) to the first working position (701) is opposite to the direction of the end face (301).

10. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 to (9), It is characterized in that The electromagnetic drive component (5) comprises a first conductive coil (501), a second elastic member (802) is provided between the electromagnetic drive component (5) and the anti-rotation component (4), and the anti-rotation component (4) comprises a component that can be magnetized; When the first conductive coil (501) is energized, the anti-rotation component (4) can slide to the second working position (702) and squeeze the second elastic member (802); when the first conductive coil (501) is deenergized, the second elastic member (802) can cause the anti-rotation component (4) to slide to the first working position (701).

11. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The electromagnetic drive component (5) comprises a second conductive coil, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the anti-rotation component (4), wherein the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3); the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnetic field generated by the second conductive coil when energized is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.

12. A motor, It is characterized in that It comprises the braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the rotating shaft (3) is the rotating shaft of the rotor of the motor, the bracket (601) is the rear end cover of the motor, and one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear end cover.

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