Interlayer multiple wave prediction method, device and electronic equipment
By reconstructing and correcting the first interface reflected wave of the target gun channel in seismic data, the virtual in-phase axis is determined, and the problem of low prediction accuracy between layers is solved, the prediction accuracy and suppression effect are improved, and data processing is ensured. efficiency and information integrity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411567364.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-11-05
AI Technical Summary
In seismic exploration, the characteristics similar to the interlayer multiple waves and the primary wave increase the difficulty of identification, and because the first interface reflected wave of some gun channels does not have overlapping reflection paths and the second interface reflected wave, the virtual in-phase axis construction results in Errors reduce the accuracy and suppression effect of multiple wave prediction between layers.
By acquiring seismic data, the first interface reflected wave of the target gun channel is reconstructed based on the reflected wave path reconstruction rules, and corrected to determine the virtual in-phase axis of the first interface, thereby predicting multiple waves between layers and avoiding construction errors the virtual in-phase axis improves prediction accuracy.
Improve the accuracy and suppression effect of multiple wave prediction between layers, avoid incomplete prediction caused by virtual in-phase axis errors, and maintain the amplitude and phase information of reflected waves, improving the efficiency of seismic data processing and resource consumption. .
Smart Images
Figure CN119087516B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, and in particular to an interlayer multiple wave prediction method, device and electronic equipment. Background Art
[0002] In seismic exploration, interlayer multiple waves will show characteristics very similar to primary waves, which increases the difficulty of identifying primary waves. In serious cases, they will interfere with primary waves, change the amplitude and phase of primary waves, and mislead personnel to get wrong results. The prediction of interlayer multiple waves is a key link in seismic data processing. Therefore, studying an effective interlayer multiple wave prediction method to improve the accuracy of seismic data processing has always been an important link that cannot be ignored in seismic data processing. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide an inter-layer multiple wave prediction method, device, and electronic device.
[0004] According to the first aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides an inter-layer multiple wave prediction method, comprising:
[0005] Acquire seismic data, the seismic data including reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun trajectories; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun trajectories include target gun trajectories, and the target gun trajectories are gun trajectories where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths;
[0006] Based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel;
[0007] Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels;
[0008] Determine the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all gun channels;
[0009] Based on the virtual events of the first interface, the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are predicted.
[0010] Optionally, based on a reflection wave path reconstruction rule, reconstructing a reflection path of a first interface reflection wave corresponding to a target turret to obtain a first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret includes:
[0011] The detection point of the first interface reflection wave on the target gun channel is mapped to obtain a new detection point, and the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the new detection point has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel;
[0012] Based on the new detection point, the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel is determined.
[0013] Optionally, the formula for determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret is expressed as:
[0014] ;
[0015] in, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; and are the shot point position and the receiver point position respectively; is the new detection point; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; and The same position.
[0016] Optionally, based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all turrets, including:
[0017] Determining a first interface reflection wave correction factor based on a first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret and a first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret;
[0018] Based on the correction factor, the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain a corrected first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel;
[0019] Based on the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target trajectories and the first interface reflection waves of all trajectories except the target trajectories, the corrected first interface reflection waves of all trajectories are determined.
[0020] Optionally, the correction factor is calculated as:
[0021] ;
[0022] Where ρ is the correction factor, k For the target artillery, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; and They represent the shot point position and detection point position of the reconstructed reflection path on the target gun channel respectively.
[0023] Optionally, based on the correction factor, the correction formula for correcting the first interface reflection wave of the target channel is expressed as:
[0024] ;
[0025] in, is the first interface reflection wave of the target channel after correction; ρ is the correction factor; is the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate.
[0026] Optionally, the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method further includes:
[0027] The interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are subtracted from the seismic data to obtain the interlayer multiple wave suppression results.
[0028] According to the second aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides an interlayer multiple wave prediction device, comprising:
[0029] An acquisition module is used to acquire seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun tracks; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun tracks include target gun tracks, and the target gun track is a gun track where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths;
[0030] A reconstruction module is used to reconstruct the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel;
[0031] A correction module, used for reconstructing the reflected wave based on the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel, correcting the first interface reflected wave of the target gun channel, and obtaining the corrected first interface reflected waves of all gun channels;
[0032] A determination module, used for determining the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all gun channels;
[0033] The prediction module is used to predict the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface based on the virtual phase axis of the first interface.
[0034] According to a third aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including:
[0035] At least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor executes the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method as in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect.
[0036] According to the fourth aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect.
[0037] The interlayer multiple wave prediction method, device and electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application obtain seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun tracks; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun tracks include a target gun track, and the target gun track is a gun track where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths; based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track, the target gun track is reconstructed. The first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels; based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all gun channels, the virtual event of the first interface is determined; based on the virtual event of the first interface, the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are predicted; in this way, by reconstructing the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel and correcting the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, it is possible to avoid constructing an erroneous virtual event, and further avoid the situation where the predicted interlayer multiple waves are incomplete due to the construction of an erroneous virtual event, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction of the interlayer multiple waves; and it does not change the amplitude and phase information of the reflection wave, which is beneficial to the efficiency and resource consumption of subsequent seismic data processing.
[0038] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a situation where the first interface reflection wave and the second interface reflection wave of the gun channel do not have overlapping reflection paths;
[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an interlayer multiple wave prediction method in an embodiment of the present application;
[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first interface reflection wave of a target turret and a second interface reflection wave of a target turret after correction in an embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of seismic data in which the shot point is located at 1500m in an embodiment of the present application;
[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of interlayer multiple waves predicted in an embodiment of the present application;
[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the suppression result of interlayer multiple waves at one of the shot points in the embodiment of the present application;
[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an interlayer multiple wave prediction device in an embodiment of the present application;
[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0048] At present, the main methods for suppressing multiple waves include the predictive subtraction method based on wave theory. The predictive subtraction method is based on wave theory and can better adapt to the situation of complex media. The virtual event method is one of the predictive subtraction methods. The principle of the virtual event method is: by convolving the virtual event of a certain interface with the original seismic data, the interlayer multiple waves of the interface can be predicted. By predicting layer by layer, the interlayer multiple waves of all interfaces can be predicted, and then the interlayer multiple waves of all interfaces can be effectively suppressed by one-step subtraction. Although this idea can achieve the suppression of interlayer multiple waves, the inventors of the present application have found that when predicting interlayer multiple waves using this idea, there will sometimes be a situation where the first interface reflection wave and the second interface reflection wave of some gun channels do not have an overlapping reflection path. For example, Figure 1 As shown, for the current gun channel (including at least the gun point - , detection point - ), the L1 interface reflection wave (shown by the dotted line) does not have an overlapping reflection path with the L2 interface reflection wave, the L3 interface reflection wave, and the L4 interface reflection wave, so the virtual event of the L1 interface cannot be constructed, or the constructed virtual event is an erroneous virtual event, which will result in incomplete prediction of the interlayer multiple waves of the L1 interface, reducing the prediction accuracy of the interlayer multiple waves, and further affecting the suppression effect of the interlayer multiple waves.
[0049] To this end, the present application embodiment provides an interlayer multiple wave prediction method, such as Figure 2 As shown, including:
[0050] S201, acquiring seismic data, the seismic data including reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun trajectories; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun trajectories include target gun trajectories, and the target gun trajectories are gun trajectories where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths.
[0051] S202, based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, reconstruct the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret.
[0052] In this embodiment, the reflection wave path reconstruction rule can be: mapping the detection point of the first interface reflection wave with respect to the same shot point position to obtain a new detection point, and the first interface reconstructed reflection wave formed based on the same shot point position and the new detection point position has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret; the same shot point position represents the shot point position of the first interface reconstructed reflection wave, which is the same as the shot point position of the first interface reflection wave.
[0053] S203, based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all turrets.
[0054] In this embodiment, based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected, and the erroneous first interface reflection wave of the target turret can be corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret, such as Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 The middle dotted line is the reflected wave of the first interface (L1 interface) of the target gun channel after correction. It is the detection point of the reflected wave of the first interface (L1 interface) before correction. is the new detection point; it can be seen that the corrected first interface reflection wave and the second interface reflection wave (the reflection wave represented by the solid line) have overlapping reflection paths. Based on the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target channel and the first interface reflection waves of all channels except the first interface reflection wave of the target channel, the corrected first interface reflection waves of all channels can be determined.
[0055] S204, determining the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels.
[0056] In this embodiment, the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels may be convolved to obtain virtual event axes of the first interface.
[0057] Specifically, the virtual event axis of the first interface can be determined by the following formula:
[0058] ;
[0059] in, is the virtual event axis of the first interface; is the second interface reflected wave, For all the guns; is the first interface reflection wave of all gun channels after correction.
[0060] S205, predicting the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface based on the virtual event axes of the first interface.
[0061] In this embodiment, the virtual event axes of the first interface can be convolved with the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels to predict the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface.
[0062] Specifically, the virtual event axis of the first interface can be determined by the following formula:
[0063] ;
[0064] in, is the interlayer multiple wave of the first interface, Virtual event of the first interface; is the second interface reflected wave; For all artillery.
[0065] In some embodiments, the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method further includes:
[0066] The interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are subtracted from the seismic data to obtain the interlayer multiple wave suppression results.
[0067] The interlayer multiple wave prediction method provided by the embodiment of the present application obtains seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun tracks; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun tracks include a target gun track, and the target gun track is a gun track where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths; based on a reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track, the target gun track is reconstructed. The first interface reflection wave is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels; based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels, the virtual event of the first interface is determined; based on the virtual event of the first interface, the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are predicted; in this way, by reconstructing the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel and correcting the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, it is possible to avoid constructing an erroneous virtual event, and further avoid the situation where the predicted interlayer multiple waves are incomplete due to the construction of an erroneous virtual event, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction of the interlayer multiple waves; and the amplitude and phase information of the reflection wave will not be changed, which is beneficial to the efficiency and resource consumption of subsequent seismic data processing.
[0068] In an optional embodiment, step S202, based on a reflection wave path reconstruction rule, reconstructing a reflection path of a first interface reflection wave corresponding to a target turret to obtain a first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, includes:
[0069] The detection points of the first interface reflection wave on the target gun channel are mapped to obtain new detection points. The first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the new detection points has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel. Based on the new detection points, the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel is determined.
[0070] In specific implementation, the formula for determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel can be expressed as:
[0071] ;
[0072] in, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; and are the shot point position and the receiver point position respectively; is the new detection point; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; and The same position.
[0073] In this embodiment, if the new detection point obtained after mapping according to the formula for reconstructing the reflected wave of the first interface exceeds the limit of the observation system, that is, the mapped new detection point does not exist, and the first interface reconstructed reflected wave cannot be obtained; the observation system can be horizontally extended, considering the situation that all gun channels have different firing receiving positions between the gun point and the detection point, the left boundary is extended to the left in increasing order of the gun channels, and the right boundary is extended to the right in decreasing order of the gun channels, that is, the size of the observation system is not changed in the time and space domain, it is only expanded at the data space level, and then mapped to the expanded detection point, so that the first interface reconstructed reflected wave can be obtained, and subsequent virtual phase axis construction is carried out, and then the interlayer multiple waves are predicted.
[0074] In this embodiment, the detection points of the first interface reflection wave on the target turret are mapped to obtain new detection points; based on the new detection points, the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret is determined; thus, the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, so that the correct virtual phase axis of the first interface can be constructed, which can provide the accuracy of the prediction of the multiple waves between the first interface layers.
[0075] In an optional embodiment, step S203, based on the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel, reconstructing the reflected wave, correcting the first interface reflected wave of the target gun channel, and obtaining the corrected first interface reflected waves of all gun channels, includes:
[0076] Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret and the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, a first interface reflection wave correction factor is determined; based on the correction factor, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected to obtain a corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret; based on the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret and the first interface reflection waves of all turrets except the first interface reflection wave of the target turret, corrected first interface reflection waves of all turrets are determined.
[0077] In specific implementation, the calculation formula of the correction factor can be:
[0078] ;
[0079] Where ρ is the correction factor, k For the target artillery, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; and They represent the shot point position and detection point position of the reconstructed reflection path on the target gun channel respectively.
[0080] Based on the correction factor, the correction formula for correcting the first interface reflection wave of the target channel can be expressed as:
[0081] ;
[0082] in, is the first interface reflection wave of the target channel after correction; ρ is the correction factor; is the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate.
[0083] In this embodiment, by introducing the correction factor, it is possible to match and improve all erroneous virtual events of the first interface of the target turret through the correction factor, thereby obtaining a corrected reflection wave of the first interface of the target turret.
[0084] The following is a further explanation of the interlayer multiple wave prediction method of the present application through specific numerical experiments.
[0085] Step 1: Synthesize seismic data. The observation system model size is 4500m 2500m, the lateral length of the model is 4500 meters, and the vertical depth is 2500 meters. In order to simulate the propagation of seismic waves in a semi-infinite medium, perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary conditions are applied on all sides of the model. These PML absorbing boundary conditions can effectively reduce boundary reflections and ensure that the propagation of seismic waves is more realistic. When defining the observation system, the seismic sources and detectors are evenly distributed on the surface. Specifically, the seismic waves are excited by the middle excitation and the two sides are received, that is, the seismic source is located in the center of the observation system, and the receiving detectors are arranged on both sides. In order to obtain a comprehensive seismic record, 226 source points are set, and 226 detectors receive the reflected waves when each source point is excited. The spacing between the source point and the detector is 20 meters, which ensures uniform coverage of the observation data. The source used is a Ricker wavelet with a main frequency of 25Hz, which is a commonly used source signal in seismic exploration, and its frequency characteristics are suitable for the needs of this application. In order to obtain high-resolution seismic records, the time sampling interval is set to 1 millisecond, and the total recording time is 4.2 seconds. By processing the seismic records, all direct waves have been eliminated, leaving only the reflected wave information to obtain the required seismic data for better analysis of underground structures. Figure 4 The seismic data of the shot point at 1500m are shown. Primary1, primary2, primary3, primary4, and primary5 are the primary waves of the five reflection interfaces at 400m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m, and 2500m respectively, and the rest are interlayer multiple waves.
[0086] Step 2: Predict interlayer multiple waves. In step 1, we have obtained multi-shot seismic data. Next, we will use these seismic data to predict interlayer multiple waves. First, divide the multi-shot seismic data obtained in step 1 into an upgoing wavefield and a downgoing wavefield. In order to predict interlayer multiple waves, we use two methods: the traditional virtual event method and the method of the embodiment of the present application. The traditional virtual event method predicts interlayer multiple waves by convolving the upgoing wavefield and the downgoing wavefield using Kirchhoff's integral representation theorem. The method of the embodiment of the present application is an improvement over the traditional method. By considering more complex reflection paths, it is able to more accurately predict interlayer multiple waves. By Figure 5 By comparing the two methods for predicting interlayer multiple waves, we can see the differences in prediction accuracy and results between the two methods. Figure 5 In a, we can see that there is an obvious diffraction axis between 0.8s-2.0s. Figure 5 The rectangular box in a in the figure indicates that the existence of the diffraction axis causes the multiple wave phase axis to fluctuate. Figure 5As can be seen in b, the elimination of the diffraction axis makes the predicted interlayer multiple wave phase axis more continuous, improving the lateral consistency of the predicted interlayer multiple wave phase axis and the multiple wave matching efficiency of the subtraction method. Comparing the two methods, it is found that the energy of the interlayer multiple waves predicted by the improved method is stronger than that of the traditional method.
[0087] Step 3: Suppress interlayer multiple waves. Prepare the multi-shot seismic data and the interlayer multiple waves predicted by the traditional virtual phase axis method and the embodiment method of the present application to ensure that these data are consistent in time and space. The adaptive matching subtraction method uses the predicted interlayer multiple waves as reference signals, matches and subtracts these interlayer multiple waves in the seismic data through an adaptive algorithm, thereby suppressing the interference of the interlayer multiple waves. Figure 6 The suppression result of one of the shot points is shown. As can be seen from the figure, the time difference between the shallow multiple waves and the primary wave is very small at the arrow point, and it is not easy to suppress them. After suppression by traditional methods, there will be residual multiple waves between layers and excessive noise. The method of the embodiment of the present application can suppress the multiple waves between layers without damaging the primary wave. The interference of the multiple waves between layers is significantly weakened, with very little residue, the original wave field characteristics of the primary wave are intact, the reflected signal is clearer, and the amplitude and phase information of the primary wave are better protected.
[0088] The present application embodiment provides an interlayer multiple wave prediction device, such as Figure 7 As shown, including:
[0089] The acquisition module 71 is used to acquire seismic data, which includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves of all gun tracks; the second interface is the interface located below the first interface; all gun tracks include the target gun track, and the target gun track is the gun track where the first interface reflection wave and the second interface reflection wave do not have overlapping reflection paths.
[0090] The reconstruction module 72 is used to reconstruct the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret.
[0091] The correction module 73 is used to reconstruct the reflected wave based on the first interface corresponding to the target trajectories, correct the first interface reflected wave of the target trajectories, and obtain the corrected first interface reflected waves of all trajectories.
[0092] The determination module 74 is used to determine the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels.
[0093] The prediction module 75 is used to predict the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface based on the virtual phase axis of the first interface.
[0094] The interlayer multiple wave prediction device provided by the embodiment of the present application obtains seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun tracks; the second interface is an interface located below the first interface; all gun tracks include a target gun track, and the target gun track is a gun track where the first interface reflection waves and the second interface reflection waves do not have overlapping reflection paths; based on a reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track; based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun track, the target gun track is reconstructed. The first interface reflection wave is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels; based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all the gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all the gun channels, the virtual event of the first interface is determined; based on the virtual event of the first interface, the interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are predicted; in this way, by reconstructing the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel and correcting the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, it is possible to avoid constructing an erroneous virtual event, and further avoid the situation where the predicted interlayer multiple waves are incomplete due to the construction of an erroneous virtual event, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction of the interlayer multiple waves; and the amplitude and phase information of the reflection wave will not be changed, which is beneficial to the efficiency and resource consumption of subsequent seismic data processing.
[0095] According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides an electronic device and a readable storage medium.
[0096] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 800 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present application is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or required herein.
[0097] like Figure 8As shown, the electronic device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 808 to a random access memory (RAM) 803. In the RAM 803, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 800 can also be stored. The computing unit 801, the ROM 802, and the RAM 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.
[0098] Multiple components in the electronic device 800 are connected to the I / O interface 805, including: an input unit 806, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 808, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 809, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 809 allows the electronic device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.
[0099] The computing unit 801 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 801 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method. For example, in some embodiments, the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method may be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 800 via the ROM 802 and / or the communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 may be configured to perform the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).
[0100] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
[0101] The program code for implementing the method of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, implements the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.
[0102] In the context of the present application, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0103] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).
[0104] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.
[0105] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server is generated by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with a blockchain.
[0106] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the expected results of the technical solution disclosed in this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.
[0107] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0108] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for predicting interlayer multiple waves, characterized in that: include: Acquiring seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun channels; The second interface is an interface located below the first interface; the entire gun channel includes a target gun channel, and the target gun channel is a gun channel where the reflection wave of the first interface and the reflection wave of the second interface do not have an overlapping reflection path; Based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels; Determine the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all gun channels; predicting interlayer multiple waves of the first interface based on the virtual events of the first interface; Wherein, based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, including: Mapping the detection point of the first interface reflection wave on the target gun channel to obtain a new detection point, wherein the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the new detection point has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel based on the new detection point; The formula for determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target channel is expressed as: ； in, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; and are the shot point position and the receiver point position respectively; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; and The positions are the same; Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels, including: Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret and the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, a first interface reflection wave correction factor is determined; based on the correction factor, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected to obtain a corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret; based on the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret and the first interface reflection waves of all turrets except the first interface reflection wave of the target turret, corrected first interface reflection waves of all turrets are determined; The calculation formula of the correction factor is: ； Where ρ is the correction factor, k For the target artillery, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; and They represent the shot point position and detection point position of the reconstructed reflection path on the target gun channel respectively.
2. The interlayer multiple wave prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the correction factor, the correction formula for correcting the first interface reflection wave of the target channel is expressed as: ； in, is the first interface reflection wave of the target channel after correction; ρ is the correction factor; is the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate.
3. The interlayer multiple wave prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The interlayer multiple waves of the first interface are subtracted from the seismic data to obtain an interlayer multiple wave suppression result.
4. An interlayer multiple wave prediction device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used for acquiring seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes reflection waves; the reflection waves include first interface reflection waves and second interface reflection waves of all gun channels; The second interface is an interface located below the first interface; the entire gun channel includes a target gun channel, and the target gun channel is a gun channel where the reflection wave of the first interface and the reflection wave of the second interface do not have an overlapping reflection path; A reconstruction module is used to reconstruct the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; A correction module, configured to reconstruct the reflected wave based on the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel, correct the reflected wave of the first interface of the target gun channel, and obtain the corrected reflected wave of the first interface of all gun channels; A determination module, used to determine the virtual event axis of the first interface based on the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels and the second interface reflection waves of all gun channels; A prediction module, configured to predict interlayer multiple waves of the first interface based on the virtual event of the first interface; Wherein, based on the reflection wave path reconstruction rule, the reflection path of the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret is reconstructed to obtain the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, including: Mapping the detection point of the first interface reflection wave on the target gun channel to obtain a new detection point, wherein the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the new detection point has an overlapping reflection path with the second interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel based on the new detection point; The formula for determining the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target channel is expressed as: ； in, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; and are the shot point position and the receiver point position respectively; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; and The positions are the same; Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel, the first interface reflection wave of the target gun channel is corrected to obtain the corrected first interface reflection waves of all gun channels, including: Based on the first interface reconstructed reflection wave corresponding to the target turret and the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target turret, a first interface reflection wave correction factor is determined; based on the correction factor, the first interface reflection wave of the target turret is corrected to obtain a corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret; based on the corrected first interface reflection wave of the target turret and the first interface reflection waves of all turrets except the first interface reflection wave of the target turret, corrected first interface reflection waves of all turrets are determined; The calculation formula of the correction factor is: ； Where ρ is the correction factor, k For the target artillery, Reconstructing the reflected wave for the first interface corresponding to the target gun channel; The shot point position is , the detection point position is When , the first interface reflection wave corresponding to the target gun channel; represents complex conjugate; and They represent the shot point position and detection point position of the reconstructed reflection path on the target gun channel respectively.
5. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor executes the interlayer multiple wave prediction method as described in any one of claims 1-3.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the inter-layer multiple wave prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.