Transformer substation three-dimensional parametric modeling method and system based on engineering design drawing

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation three-dimensional parametric modeling method and system based on engineering design drawings. The method comprises the following steps: standardizing and correcting a design completion drawing of the transformer substation, and outputting a standardized drawing; the method comprises the following steps of: identifying buildings and power grid equipment and facility components in a transformer substation based on a standardized drawing, extracting geometric information and converting spatial positions to obtain a topological relation, converting extracted geometric parameters into information with definite constraint semantics, and forming modeling parameters according to the obtained spatial positions, semantic attributes, model parameters and the topological relation; and selecting a proper parameterization modeling method to carry out automatic model construction according to the modeling parameters in combination with machine account data, equipment, implementation classification and a predefined model component library. According to the method, the automatic construction technology of the parameterized model is researched by focusing on pattern recognition and semantic and topology extraction, 'associated automatic generation 'of the three-dimensional model of the transformer substation from zero to integer is realized, and the method has low-cost whole-station modeling capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional modeling technology for a substation, and in particular to a three-dimensional parameterized modeling method and system for a substation based on an engineering design drawing. Background Art

[0002] The current mainstream substation modeling solutions include 3D modeling and laser scanning modeling.

[0003] 3D modeling is based on the engineering design completion drawing design drawings and equipment photos, and constructs a 3D model of the substation at a ratio of 1:1. Through the steps of data collection, single model construction, model texture mapping, and model space layout, the digital expression of the substation is realized. This modeling method can intuitively display the layout and equipment of the substation, which is convenient for design and analysis. However, it has the following defects: 1. The model authenticity is not high. Although 3D modeling technology has made great progress, the generated model is still difficult to fully replicate the complexity and diversity of the real world. The texture, lighting, shadow and other effects in the model cannot fully match the real environment; 2. There is a conflict between the model refinement and the amount of data. In order to obtain a more refined and realistic model, a large amount of data needs to be collected and processed. The increase in the amount of data has led to a significant increase in the complexity of modeling and the computational cost, thereby reducing the modeling efficiency; 3. Over-reliance on software and hardware. 3D modeling requires high-performance computers and professional modeling software, and has high requirements for modeling staff, which leads to an increase in modeling costs.

[0004] Laser scanning modeling is an emerging modeling method. It uses 3D laser scanner equipment to perform laser scanning on substation equipment and facilities, and then uses 3D real-scene modeling software to build a 3D model. This method can achieve high-precision restoration of the substation. However, it has the following defects: 1. High equipment cost. Laser scanner equipment is expensive and needs to be used in conjunction with other equipment, such as the global positioning system (GPS) and inertial measurement unit (IMU); 2. Sensitive to the external environment. Laser scanner technology is greatly affected by weather and lighting conditions. In severe weather conditions, such as rain, snow, and strong winds, laser scanners may not work. In addition, if the surface of the scanned object is reflective or the color is close, the scanning result will also be inaccurate; 3. Complex data processing. Laser scanning generates a large amount of point cloud data, which requires complex processing before it can be used for modeling; 4. There are limitations on model accuracy and range. When scanning large-scale scenes or objects with complex structures, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the model. Laser scanning technology may not be able to effectively capture small features or texture information.

[0005] In recent years, although various disciplines have initially achieved data sharing of power transmission and transformation projects through digital handover, digital twin technology still faces many challenges in the full life cycle management and control of power grid equipment. At present, the digital twin model lacks the connection of the entire process of planning, construction, operation and maintenance. According to the three-dimensional modeling technology, the GIM three-dimensional drawings handed over by the design unit can provide general information on the location and topological relationship of the equipment, but the precision is insufficient and cannot accurately reflect the spatial characteristics and correlation between the equipment. In addition, the current manual three-dimensional modeling technology has several shortcomings as mentioned above, which limits its practicality in the subsequent application stage. The models constructed by the operation and inspection department often adopt the time-consuming and costly "laser point cloud + manual processing" method, which not only requires a high-precision laser point cloud model, but also requires professional modeling personnel to perform subsequent model texture mapping and other operations, which is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of the power grid.

[0006] Therefore, there are currently difficulties in substation modeling, such as the automatic conversion of engineering design data and digital twin models, the inability to reuse model results in the design phase, the inability to automatically generate substation three-dimensional models, and the inability to connect multiple disciplines throughout the entire process. A solution is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional parametric modeling method and system for substations based on engineering design drawings, which can realize the automatic construction of high-precision parametric three-dimensional models at the part level of power grid equipment, and can integrate platform data such as the power grid resource middle platform to achieve the ability of "one picture" to apply multiple professional processes, provide comprehensive support for the full life cycle management of equipment, and help build a digital power grid and a modern equipment management system.

[0008] Technical solution: In the first aspect, a three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on an engineering design drawing comprises the following steps:

[0009] According to the standardized graphic symbol library, the substation design completion drawings are standardized, regularized and revised, and standardized drawings are output;

[0010] Based on standardized drawings, the graphic characteristics of power grid equipment and facility objects and the shape parameters of geometric primitives are analyzed. According to the classification, the extraction method of the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the as-built drawings is designed. The semantic attributes and geometric position information of the equipment elements are extracted. Based on the connectivity relationship between the equipment and the predefined equipment legend terminal information, the topological relationship of the power grid equipment is extracted. The modeling parameters are formed by the geometric position, semantic attributes, model parameters, and topological relationship.

[0011] According to the modeling parameters, combined with the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification and predefined model component library, select the appropriate parametric modeling method for automatic model construction.

[0012] Preferably, the substation design completion drawings are standardized and revised, including:

[0013] Layer standardization: unify and correct the layers in CAD drawings to ensure the consistency of spatial levels of equipment elements and the accuracy and consistency of content;

[0014] Graphic standardization: Unify the graphic representation of equipment in CAD drawings and ensure consistent graphic representation of the same type of equipment through predefined geometric shape classes;

[0015] Relationship standardization: Unify the connection relationships between devices, review and correct overlapping, hanging and pseudo-connection problems in drawings, and ensure the accuracy of element relationships;

[0016] Unified position: adjust the position of equipment and building elements in the drawings, standardize the spatial position, and ensure that the same entity element has the same position on different drawings.

[0017] Preferably, the semantic attributes and geometric position information of the equipment elements are extracted according to the classification design based on the component spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information extraction method of the as-built drawings, including:

[0018] (1) Extraction of road features within the station: Based on the characteristics that the roads within the station are composed of multiple broken line segments, the two sides of the same road are parallel to each other, and the intersections of different roads have a vertical relationship, the road position, shape, and size information are identified and converted into standard geometric semantic parameters;

[0019] (2) Extraction of gantry equipment elements: Obtain the specific information of the gantry from the specific layer of the drawing that meets the drawing specifications, including the location, size, and structural characteristics of the gantry. Obtain the elevation information of this type of gantry by comparing it with the drawing specifications, and generate a set of 3D geometric semantic parameters about the gantry.

[0020] (3) Extraction of integrated modular power grid equipment elements: Integrated modular equipment is mostly composed of multiple basic geometric shapes connected by different topological relationships. The geometric features of the integrated modular equipment are extracted, including the geometric shapes of the integrated modular equipment and the positional distribution relationship between each shape, and are visualized in the form of a miniature illustration.

[0021] Preferably, based on the connectivity relationship between devices and the predefined device legend terminal information, the topological relationship of the power grid devices is extracted, including:

[0022] Based on the location information of the equipment and the terminal information in the geometric features, supplemented by the input of the established connection rules between devices, the wire connection relationship between devices is judged, and the geometric constraint relationship between devices is described in a geometric semantic expression, thereby constructing a complete equipment topology structure.

[0023] Preferably, the modeling parameters also include extraction of table entities and graphic annotation elements: extracting table information and annotation information in the drawing, associating the identified table entities and graphic annotations with other elements in the drawing to clarify the relationship and function between different elements in the drawing.

[0024] Preferably, the parametric modeling method includes:

[0025] (1) Section stretching method: By defining the section shape, selecting the stretching direction, specifying the stretching distance, and then applying the transformation to stretch or compress the section along the specified axis, a three-dimensional solid model with the required size and shape is created. For geometric power grid equipment and facilities, the section stretching method is used.

[0026] (2) Boolean operation: First, define the basic geometric bodies, then use parameterization to adjust the size and position of these geometric bodies, and combine these basic geometric bodies through Boolean operations to create a new model. For block-shaped equipment and gantry equipment, Boolean operation is used;

[0027] (3) Generalized sweep method: First, define the basic profile, then introduce parameters to adjust the size and shape of the profile, then create a sweep path, and use generalized sweeping to move the basic profile along the path to form a new geometry. For linear components, the generalized sweep method is used.

[0028] (4) Stretch-draft method: First, define the bottom surface contour and introduce parameters to adjust its size and shape. Then, define the stretching path or inclination parameters so that the bottom surface contour is stretched along the path or according to the parameters. By means of drafting, a three-dimensional geometric body stretched along the path is formed. For power grid facilities and equipment with geometric shapes similar to cones, the stretch-draft method is used.

[0029] Preferably, the model automation construction method is as follows: match the geometric features extracted from the CAD drawings with the component information stored in the database to determine the component identity and type, then match the identified components with a pre-established component model library, obtain the corresponding parametric model through a parametric modeling method, and finally replace the parametric model with the corresponding component position in the CAD drawing to achieve dynamic replacement of the model; wherein the component information stored in the database includes substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, and facility classification, and the component model library refers to a collection of three-dimensional equipment models provided by various equipment manufacturers.

[0030] In a second aspect, a three-dimensional parametric modeling system for a substation based on an engineering design drawing comprises:

[0031] Drawing standardization module is used to standardize and amend the substation design completion drawings according to the standardized graphic symbol library and output standardized drawings;

[0032] The modeling parameter acquisition module is used to analyze the graphic characteristics of power grid equipment and facility objects and the shape parameters of geometric primitives based on standardized drawings, and to extract the semantic attributes and geometric position information of equipment elements according to the classification design of the extraction method of the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the completion drawings. Based on the connection relationship rules between equipment and the predefined equipment legend terminal information, the topological relationship of power grid equipment is extracted, and the modeling parameters are formed from the geometric position, semantic attributes, model parameters, and topological relationship.

[0033] The model building module is used to select the appropriate parametric modeling method for automatic model building based on the modeling parameters, combined with the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification and predefined model component library.

[0034] In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, comprising one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and when the programs are executed by the processors, the steps of the three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on engineering design drawings as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on engineering design drawings as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0036] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] (1) Based on the standard data system and the part-level modeling method of power grid equipment, the present invention proposes an automatic conversion method for high-precision parametric models based on CAD drawings, which realizes the automatic construction of high-precision parametric three-dimensional models at the part level of power grid equipment, and fully reuses the early design results of engineering construction. It not only avoids a lot of repetitive work, but also ensures the consistency of the digital twin model in all aspects of the power grid, and realizes the full process connection and application of the model.

[0038] (2) The present invention can realize the "companion-type" generation of models by converting substation engineering design drawings into standardized modeling parameters, that is, the model is generated in conjunction with the business process flow, specifically referring to the companion generation and change of equipment models as the business links such as planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance are circulated. When equipment facilities and their components are changed, the corresponding change parameters can be modified to realize dynamic replacement and rapid matching of equipment facilities and their components, avoiding the process of repeated modeling and greatly improving the modeling efficiency.

[0039] (3) The parametric modeling method supported by the present invention only needs to generate standardized modeling parameters for the first time, and then batch models can be constructed based on these parameters. In addition, the extraction of equipment attributes, the matching of equipment models, and the replacement of equipment facilities can all be performed automatically without human intervention, which greatly reduces the modeling cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the three-dimensional parametric modeling method of substation based on engineering design drawings;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a standardized processing flow chart for drawings;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the equipment and facility component identification and extraction method;

[0043] Figure 4 It is to automatically generate a detailed 3D model schematic diagram at the component level;

[0044] Figure 5 This is an example of the final 3D model of the substation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The present invention first standardizes and regularizes the contents of the existing substation design completion drawings based on the engineering design drawing specifications, including the layer classification and integration of equipment such as roads, buildings, and wires within the station, and finally outputs a set of standard graphic symbol libraries. On this basis, the semantic recognition technology, location information extraction mechanism, and topological relationship reconstruction method of each element of the power grid equipment are deeply studied. Through accurate element recognition, location extraction, and relationship reconstruction, the automatic extraction of power grid equipment elements is realized. By studying the construction of basic geometric forms, the creation of shape grammar rules, and parameterization methods, the parameters suitable for different elements are finally selected to construct three-dimensional models of buildings and power grid equipment.

[0047] Reference Figure 1The three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on engineering design drawings proposed in the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Standardization and revision of substation design completion drawings.

[0049] The present invention performs a series of standardization processes on the CAD drawings in step 1, including layers, connection relationships, positional relationships, geometric shapes, etc., in order to ensure that the CAD drawings are standardized, consistent and easy to understand.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific standardization processing method is as follows: First, a set of standard graphic symbol libraries is established by collecting drawing standards from all parties, covering various graphic elements of power grid equipment and buildings. These symbols are not only highly universal and recognizable, but also ensure the accuracy and consistency of the symbols by forming a unified standardized correction method. Then, based on the above-mentioned standard graphic symbol library, the substation drawings are standardized. The standardization processing flow is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0051] (1) Layer standardization. In the drawings, the spatial hierarchy of equipment elements is represented by layers. Since different types and heights of equipment in the substation engineering design drawings correspond to different layers, the layer identity needs to be standardized. In order to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the layer content, the drawings must be layered mapped and checked and corrected to eliminate potential layer content inconsistencies. Different equipment types, description parameters, table legends, etc. correspond to different layers. The present invention classifies and identifies equipment on different layers by reading the layer hierarchy attributes of different equipment and facilities in the CAD drawings, and unifies the layer mapping of the drawings. Finally, the overall expression of the layers is presented in the form of a list.

[0052] (2) Graphic standardization. Because the same equipment may be made into blocks in some drawings, or a combination of multiple graphics elements in others. The present invention predefines a set of geometric shape classes at the code level, which include basic shapes of equipment facilities, parallel intersection relationships and other basic attributes. Each equipment facility in the CAD drawing can be summarized in this set of shape expressions, thereby unifying the graphic expressions of equipment of the same type and model. As an example, the types of equipment in a substation include main transformers, secondary equipment rooms and functional rooms, switchgear rooms, operation and maintenance rooms, fences, gantry frames, insulators, ground wires, station roads, station ground, busbars, busbar frames, current transformers, voltage transformers, power capacitors, lightning arresters, arc extinguishing devices, switchgear, disconnectors, circuit breakers, control boxes, uniform speed dome cameras, terminal boxes, maintenance power boxes, accident oil pools, online monitoring devices, nitrogen-filled fire extinguishing devices, station cables, cable trenches and other equipment types. For each type, the associated geometric shapes are predefined; for each type, the equipment facilities specifically include equipment type, equipment type name, equipment name, equipment location, graphic type, length, height, starting position, end position, phase difference, equipment model and other attributes. For the same model of equipment facilities, feature shapes are further set on the basis of the geometric shape of the type to form a unified graphic expression of the same signal equipment. Geometric standardization requires that drawings must be accurately restored according to their marked scales to ensure that the entity elements extracted from the drawings have accurate geometric information. This can effectively avoid geometric errors in the later extraction process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of geometric information.

[0053] (3) Relationship standardization. The expression of the connection relationship of graphics in different drawings may be different. For example, when representing the connection relationship between two devices, some drawings connect them through line segments, while other drawings represent the connection between the two by partially overlapping. In addition, the connectivity between related devices in different drawings should be kept consistent. For example, in drawing No. 1, there is a connection relationship between the terminals of device 1 and device 2, but in drawing No. 2, there is no connection between the terminals of device 1 and device 2 at the same position. This is wrong, so it is necessary to standardize the connection identity. The present invention uses a pre-defined standard graphic symbol library to unify the connection relationship between each device. The standardized processing process of element relationships is to carefully review and correct the graphic element relationships in the drawings that may cause the computer information extraction to be inconsistent with the actual understanding. The focus of the review is mainly on three aspects: overlap, suspension and pseudo-connection. Through this standardized processing process, the element relationship in the drawing can be ensured to be accurate.

[0054] (4) Position unification. Different equipment and building elements may be placed in different positions in different drawings. Therefore, the present invention refers to the relative position of each element in the graphic symbol library and adjusts the position of the relevant elements in the substation drawing. In order to ensure that the same entity on different floors of the building has the same graphic elements on the floor plan drawings of each floor, spatial position standardization is required. The process includes two major links: framing and registration. Framing realizes the precise cutting of the drawing content, and registration realizes the precise matching of equipment components at different levels, ensuring that the same entity graphic elements have the same position on different drawings, thereby effectively avoiding deviations and errors in the later modeling process.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 The example process is as follows: after inputting the completed CAD drawing of the substation, the drawing is first divided and registered to complete the spatial position standardization processing, and then the graphics are scaled to achieve geometric standardization processing; on this basis, the problem of inconsistent layer content is solved through layered mapping and layer identity check; then, the element relationship review is completed by checking and correcting overlaps, suspensions and pseudo-connections; finally, the connection identity review is performed to unify the connection relationship between each device and output the standardized drawing of the power equipment. It should be understood that Figure 2 The above is only an example of the standardization process, and does not mean that the processing of this link should follow the above steps. In general, standardized drawings are output through layer standardization, graphic standardization, relationship standardization, and position standardization. Figure 1 Correspondingly, layer standardization and connection relationship standardization reflect semantic relationships and are standardization at the semantic level; graphic standardization corresponds to geometric morphology standardization.

[0056] Step 2: Extract modeling elements of station buildings and power grid equipment.

[0057] In step 2, the present invention analyzes the graphic characteristics of objects such as power grid equipment and facilities and the shape parameters of geometric elements based on standardized data and graphic symbols, and designs a method for extracting information such as the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute characteristics of components based on the completion drawing according to classification, and extracts the semantic attributes, geometric position and other information of equipment elements; based on the connectivity relationship rules between equipment and predefined equipment legend terminal information, designs and implements the extraction of topological relationship data of power grid equipment. Figure 3 Shown is a flow chart of the equipment and facility component identification and extraction method.

[0058] As exemplarily described above, there are many types of equipment in the substation, but according to the physical shape characteristics, they can be mainly divided into roads, gantries and integrated modular equipment. The present invention conducts in-depth research on the semantic recognition technology of various elements of power grid equipment, and realizes the automatic extraction of power grid equipment elements through precise element recognition, position extraction and relationship reconstruction.

[0059] (1) Extraction of road elements within the station

[0060] The roads in the station are mostly composed of multiple broken line segments. The two sides of the same road are parallel to each other, and the intersections of different roads are perpendicular to each other. By identifying these significant geometric features, the present invention extracts the basic information such as the location, shape, size, etc. of the equipment that meets the feature judgment, and converts it into standard geometric semantic parameters.

[0061] ①Road intersection recognition

[0062] Identify multiple broken line segments with parallel line segments in the CAD drawing, and find the vertical intersection points with other line segments distributed in the selected segment in turn. This intersection point is the road intersection point.

[0063] ②Road curb recognition

[0064] By identifying a plurality of mutually parallel broken line segment groups in the CAD drawing, and without other geometric shapes in these broken line segments, these segments meeting the requirements can be identified as road curbs.

[0065] ③Intersection recognition

[0066] Based on the road curbs and road intersections, intersections can be identified. If there are multiple road intersections around a road intersection, and these road intersections correspond to multi-end curbs that are parallel or vertical, then these multiple road intersections and the multi-end curbs involved are identified as road intersections.

[0067] (2) Extraction of gantry equipment elements

[0068] The gantry is a common equipment support structure in the substation, with distinct geometric features and engineering characteristics. In the substation completion drawing design drawing, it is usually presented as a three-dimensional structure composed of beams, trusses, and longitudinal and transverse drive devices, and its specific component structures are drawn on a specific layer. The present invention obtains the specific information of the gantry from a specific layer of the drawing that meets the drawing specifications, including the position, size, and structural characteristics of the gantry, and obtains the elevation information of this type of gantry by comparing it with the drawing specifications, and finally generates a set of three-dimensional geometric semantic parameters about the gantry.

[0069] (3) Extraction of integrated modular power grid equipment elements

[0070] ① Set the geometry of integrated modular equipment

[0071] Integrated modular devices are mostly composed of multiple basic geometric figures such as circles, rectangles, triangles, etc. connected in different topological relationships. Therefore, it is necessary to extract the overall geometric features for subsequent device identification. The present invention extracts the geometric features of the integrated modular device, including the geometric figures of the integrated modular device and the position distribution relationship between each figure, and visualizes them in the form of a miniature legend. In the process of setting the legend, the terminals for connecting the wires between the devices need to be specially identified and defined for the subsequent reconstruction of the topological relationship between the devices.

[0072] ②Integrated modular equipment identification and information extraction

[0073] Based on the geometric legend of integrated modular equipment, it is used as the input of the equipment identification extraction method. Based on its geometric features, the integrated modular equipment in the substation design completion drawings is traversed and compared, and the basic information such as the location, shape, size and boundary features of the equipment that matches the legend geometric features is extracted.

[0074] (4) Identification and reconstruction of topological relationships between devices

[0075] Based on the basic information of extracted geometric primitives, the topological relationship between devices is identified and reconstructed. Based on the location information of the device and the terminal information in the geometric features, supplemented by the input of the established connection rules between devices, the wire connection relationship between devices is judged, and the geometric constraint relationship between devices is accurately described in the form of geometric semantic expression, so as to build a complete device topology structure.

[0076] ①Terminal information extraction

[0077] According to the predefined terminal marks and specific terminal shapes, the predefined terminal information is extracted for each device element, including the terminal position, type, connection direction, etc.

[0078] ②Connection rule definition

[0079] Define the connection rules between devices, including factors such as device functions, electrical characteristics, and physical layout. Some devices can only be connected to certain types of devices, or the connection method must meet certain safety standards.

[0080] ③Topological relationship identification

[0081] Based on the geometric information and terminal information, the connection relationship between devices is identified using the defined connection rules.

[0082] ④ Topological relationship reconstruction

[0083] Based on the identified connection relationships, the topological relationship is reconstructed by creating connection lines, defining connection points, and establishing connection relationships.

[0084] (5) Extraction of table entities and graphic annotation elements

[0085] The recognition algorithm is used to obtain the drawing content that meets the characteristics of the table and annotation in the drawing. The content expressed in the table is mostly text information related to dimensions, material lists, performance parameters, etc., and the expressions in the annotation are mostly used to provide additional information or instructions, such as connection points and installation directions. The table information is extracted through the steps of table feature analysis, table information extraction, and entity information extraction. The annotation information is extracted through the steps of annotation feature analysis, annotation information extraction, and attribute information association. After obtaining the specific location of the table and annotation, the specific content contained in the table or annotation can be further obtained, and according to its specific location, it can be locked to which device or component the table or annotation is for.

[0086] The installation direction or connection point relationship of some equipment or components is placed in a table or annotation. At this time, it is necessary to determine whether the acquired information contains relevant content. If it does, it is necessary to further clarify the relationship and function between it and other elements. For example, there are two terminals in equipment 1 that are reserved for equipment 3 to connect, and in some cases, the equipment should be placed horizontally instead of vertically. Therefore, in the end, the identified table entities and graphic annotations are associated with other elements in the CAD drawings, such as equipment, pipelines, text annotations, etc., to clarify the relationship and function between different elements in the CAD drawings. This information will eventually be output as one of the constraint parameters of the relevant equipment components for model building.

[0087] Reference Figure 3 The example process of describes the process from semantic recognition to symbol annotation and table object extraction. In the semantic recognition part, it mainly involves the processing of related relationships, parallel relationships and topologically closed spatial relationships of primitives. These relationships are used to divide primitives into candidate objects, and then the identified objects and legend objects are determined through component semantic recognition. Next, geometric information extraction and spatial position conversion are performed to output component objects and their constituent primitives, and the geometric positioning information of the components is calculated. After this step is completed, the topological reconstruction stage is entered, which involves operations such as component aggregation, hole inclusion and component neighbor replacement. Finally, according to the functions of geometric primitive extraction, text object extraction, text restoration and table structure reconstruction of symbol annotation, objects that meet the annotation space position are annotated and matched with components, including position matching, automatic matching and manual assistance. After the whole process is completed, object data is output, including symbols, annotations and two-dimensional tables.

[0088] (6) Derivation of Geometric Constraint Semantic Parameters

[0089] After successfully identifying and extracting the basic information of the location, shape, size, etc. of the buildings and power grid equipment on the drawings, the present invention further derives the geometric constraint semantic parameters contained in these basic information. The geometric constraint semantic parameters are key information for abstractly describing and quantitatively expressing the geometric features of the equipment.

[0090] In the present invention, the component relationship is the constraint relationship, so the concept of "relationship between components" is expressed as geometric constraint semantics at the parameter level, which comes from the recognition and reconstruction of topological relationships. The geometric information and object data of components are feature parameters, so the concept of "object data" is expressed as the geometric feature parameters of equipment / components in this article. The expression of components and objects in the present invention focuses on the physical characteristics of the drawings, and the expression of geometric characteristics and constraints focuses on the geometric characteristics of the drawing content (i.e., the abstract expression of the physical relationship information of the drawings).

[0091] First, based on the basic information of the device, key parameters that can reflect its geometric characteristics are extracted. These parameters include the boundary coordinates, size, shape factor, etc. of the device. Subsequently, these geometric parameters are converted into information with clear constraint semantics. For example, the size of the device is converted into standardized units to facilitate comparison and calculation between different devices. At the same time, according to the shape characteristics of the device, it is assigned a corresponding shape label to facilitate subsequent classification and identification.

[0092] Step 3: Parametric modeling based on geometric constraint semantics.

[0093] Based on the geometric constraint semantic parameters generated in the above steps and the characteristics of the equipment and facilities, a suitable parametric modeling method is selected to automatically build the model. The model building method mainly used in the present invention is as follows:

[0094] (1) Cross-section stretching method

[0095] The cross-section stretching method is mainly used for power grid equipment facilities whose geometric shapes can be defined by cross-section and height (length), such as fences, cable trenches, etc. The core of this method is to first define an accurate two-dimensional cross-sectional shape, which can be a simple rectangle or circle, or a more complex custom shape. Next, select a stretching direction, which is usually along the vertical or horizontal axis to suit specific design requirements. Then, specify the stretching distance, which is the length of the model in the selected direction.

[0096] After determining the cross section, direction and distance, geometric transformation is applied to stretch or compress the cross section along a specific axis to generate a three-dimensional solid. The key to this process is its flexibility and parameterization capabilities. Users can quickly generate models of different sizes and shapes by adjusting the geometric parameters of the cross section, stretching direction and length.

[0097] The advantages of this method are flexibility and simplicity. It can quickly generate models of different sizes and shapes, and achieve efficient design adjustments by adjusting the geometric parameters, stretching direction and length of the section. After defining the two-dimensional section and stretching direction, a three-dimensional model can be quickly generated, which is suitable for relatively simple and regular geometric shapes. A large number of fence and cable trench models are required in power facilities. The cross-section stretching method can quickly generate models of these facilities, reducing modeling time and complexity.

[0098] (2) Boolean operation method

[0099] Boolean operations are applicable to power grid equipment and facilities that need to be described by the intersection, union or difference of entities, such as block equipment, gantries, etc. In this process, basic geometries are first defined, and then parameterization is applied to flexibly adjust the size and position of these geometries. By introducing more parameters, such as rotation, tilt, etc., the design is made more flexible. These basic geometries are combined through Boolean operations (such as union, intersection, and difference) to create more complex models. Designers can iteratively apply these operations and easily optimize the model through parameter adjustment to achieve highly customized designs while ensuring the logic of the design process and the accuracy of the results.

[0100] The advantages of this method are high customization, logic and accuracy. Through Boolean operations (intersection, union and difference), basic geometric bodies can be flexibly combined to generate complex geometric shapes. The design process is logically clear, the results are accurate, and highly customized designs can be achieved through parameter adjustment. Boolean operations are suitable for complex power equipment models, such as transformers, gantries, etc., and the generation process of complex models is simplified through the combination of geometric bodies.

[0101] (3) Generalized sweep method

[0102] The process of parametric modeling using the generalized sweep method includes first defining the basic profile and then introducing parameters to adjust the size and shape of the profile. For linear components such as wire lines in components, such as station road networks and conductors, they are usually described by the path direction information and multiple cross-sectional information of these components. In this case, the generalized sweep modeling method can be used to flexibly generate the solid structure of these linear components by defining the basic profile and introducing parameters. Next, a sweep path is created, and the basic profile is moved along the path by generalized sweeping to form a new geometry. More parameters are introduced to control changes in the sweep process, such as the degree of path curvature and the rotation angle of the section. By adjusting the parameters, the model is optimized to meet the design requirements, and the generalized sweep method is repeatedly applied to gradually generate more complex geometric structures. This process allows designers to use relatively simple geometric shapes and parameters to create flexible and adjustable three-dimensional models, improving the efficiency and flexibility of design.

[0103] The advantages of this method are path control and high flexibility. By defining the path and basic profile, complex linear components can be generated to adapt to various path changes. Multiple parameters can also be introduced to control path bending, section rotation, etc. to generate flexible and adjustable 3D models. The generalized sweep method is suitable for wire line and road network models with complex paths. Through path and section information, these facilities can be accurately simulated.

[0104] (4) Stretch draft method

[0105] For power grid facilities and equipment with geometric shapes similar to cones, modeling can be achieved by using the method of bottom surface stretching and sweeping followed by drafting, such as insulator strings and grounding devices. The stretching drafting method is a technology suitable for parametric modeling. First, by defining the bottom surface contour, parameters are introduced to flexibly adjust its size and shape. Next, the stretching path or inclination parameters are defined so that the bottom surface contour is stretched along the path or according to the parameters. By means of drafting, a three-dimensional geometric body stretched along the path is formed, which is suitable for modeling needs of simulating slope structures. Designers can introduce more parameters, such as inclination and shape parameters, to adjust the model to meet design requirements, ultimately achieving a flexible modeling process while improving design efficiency and flexibility.

[0106] The advantage of this method lies in its strong applicability and its parametric adjustment characteristics. It is suitable for power facilities with conical geometric features. Through bottom contour stretching and drafting, a three-dimensional model that conforms to reality is generated. By introducing inclination and shape parameters, the model can be flexibly adjusted to meet different design requirements. The insulator strings and grounding devices in power facilities have conical features. The stretching and drafting method can accurately model and reduce the complexity of the design. In addition, it is also suitable for the modeling needs of various slope structures. Through parametric adjustment, the accuracy of the design and the feasibility of construction are ensured.

[0107] Reference Figure 4 The present invention matches the geometric features extracted from the CAD drawings with the component information stored in the database (i.e., the grid information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification, etc.) to determine the component identity and type, and then matches the identified components with the pre-established component model library, and uses the parametric modeling method to obtain the corresponding parametric model, and finally replaces the matched parametric model with the corresponding component position in the CAD drawing to achieve dynamic replacement of the model. The component model library refers to a collection of refined three-dimensional models of equipment provided by various equipment manufacturers for the construction of a three-dimensional scene of a substation. The method of the present invention does not involve the construction of a specific complex equipment component model, but rather obtains the geometric features of the equipment from the drawings, and then pulls the equipment component model that conforms to the description of these geometric feature parameters from the component model library, and then splices and builds the model according to the constraint relationship between the equipment, and finally generates an overall three-dimensional model of the scene. The final three-dimensional model of the substation is as follows. Figure 5 shown.

[0108] When the position relationship, model information, connection relationship, etc. of a certain device changes, it is only necessary to synchronously modify the corresponding geometric feature parameters, further change the model position or replace the device model or extend the space where the device model is located to quickly complete the update of the scene model. The method of the present invention optimizes the matching algorithm, increases the diversity of the database, introduces semantic information, supports user interaction, considers assembly relationships, and ensures data security and privacy protection. The continuous improvement and feedback mechanism ensures the stability and adaptability of the system.

[0109] The three-dimensional model obtained by the present invention is ultimately presented based on a map of the power grid. By means of coordinate conversion, the three-dimensional model of the substation is presented on the map, which can achieve the effect of connecting the entire process.

[0110] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional parametric modeling system for a substation based on an engineering design drawing, comprising:

[0111] Drawing standardization module is used to standardize and amend the substation design completion drawings according to the standardized graphic symbol library and output standardized drawings;

[0112] The modeling parameter acquisition module is used to analyze the graphic characteristics of power grid equipment and facility objects and the shape parameters of geometric primitives based on standardized drawings, and to extract the semantic attributes and geometric position information of equipment elements according to the classification design of the extraction method of the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the completion drawings. Based on the connection relationship rules between equipment and the predefined equipment legend terminal information, the topological relationship of power grid equipment is extracted, and the modeling parameters are formed from the geometric position, semantic attributes, model parameters, and topological relationship.

[0113] The model building module is used to select the appropriate parametric modeling method for automatic model building based on the modeling parameters, combined with the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification and predefined model component library.

[0114] It should be understood that the three-dimensional parametric modeling system of the substation based on the engineering design drawings in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the technical solutions in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the functions of its various functional modules can be specifically implemented according to the methods in the above-mentioned method embodiments. The specific implementation process can refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, devices (systems), computer equipment or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0116] The present invention is described with reference to a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that each process in the flowchart and a combination of processes in the flowchart can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the process in the flowchart. Figure 1 A device that specifies functions in a process or multiple processes.

[0117] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A function specified in a process or multiple processes.

[0118] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 The steps of a specified function in a process or multiple processes.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional parametric modeling method for a substation based on engineering design drawings, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: According to the standardized graphic symbol library, the substation design completion drawings are standardized, regularized and revised, and standardized drawings are output; Based on standardized drawings, the graphic characteristics of power grid equipment and facility objects and the shape parameters of geometric primitives are analyzed. According to the classification, the extraction method of the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the as-built drawings is designed. The semantic attributes and geometric position information of the equipment elements are extracted. Based on the connectivity relationship between the equipment and the predefined equipment legend terminal information, the topological relationship of the power grid equipment is extracted. The modeling parameters are formed by the geometric position, semantic attributes, model parameters, and topological relationship. According to the modeling parameters, combined with the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification and predefined model component library, select the appropriate parametric modeling method for automatic model construction.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Standardize and revise the substation design completion drawings, including: Layer standardization: unify and correct the layers in CAD drawings to ensure the consistency of spatial levels of equipment elements and the accuracy and consistency of content; Graphic standardization: Unify the graphic representation of equipment in CAD drawings and ensure consistent graphic representation of the same type of equipment through predefined geometric shape classes; Relationship standardization: Unify the connection relationships between devices, review and correct overlapping, hanging and pseudo-connection problems in drawings, and ensure the accuracy of element relationships; Unified position: adjust the position of equipment and building elements in the drawings, standardize the spatial position, and ensure that the same entity element has the same position on different drawings.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the classification design, the method of extracting the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the completion drawings is used to extract the semantic attributes and geometric position information of the equipment elements, including: (1) Extraction of road features within the station: Based on the characteristics that the roads within the station are composed of multiple broken line segments, the two sides of the same road are parallel to each other, and the intersections of different roads have a vertical relationship, the road position, shape, and size information are identified and converted into standard geometric semantic parameters; (2) Extraction of gantry equipment elements: Obtain the specific information of the gantry from the specific layer of the drawing that meets the drawing specifications, including the location, size, and structural characteristics of the gantry. Obtain the elevation information of this type of gantry by comparing it with the drawing specifications, and generate a set of 3D geometric semantic parameters about the gantry. (3) Extraction of integrated modular power grid equipment elements: Integrated modular equipment is mostly composed of multiple basic geometric shapes connected by different topological relationships. The geometric features of the integrated modular equipment are extracted, including the geometric shapes of the integrated modular equipment and the positional distribution relationship between each shape, and are visualized in the form of a miniature illustration.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Based on the connectivity rules between devices and the predefined device legend terminal information, the topological relationship of power grid devices is extracted, including: Based on the location information of the equipment and the terminal information in the geometric features, supplemented by the input of the established connection rules between devices, the wire connection relationship between devices is judged, and the geometric constraint relationship between devices is described in a geometric semantic expression, thereby constructing a complete equipment topology structure.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Modeling parameters also include the extraction of table entities and graphic annotation elements: extracting table information and annotation information in the drawings, associating the identified table entities and graphic annotations with other elements in the drawings to clarify the relationship and function between different elements in the drawings.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Parametric modeling methods include: (1) Section stretching method: By defining the section shape, selecting the stretching direction, specifying the stretching distance, and then applying the transformation to stretch or compress the section along the specified axis, a three-dimensional solid model with the required size and shape is created. For geometric power grid equipment and facilities, the section stretching method is used. (2) Boolean operation: First, define the basic geometric bodies, then use parameterization to adjust the size and position of these geometric bodies, and combine these basic geometric bodies through Boolean operations to create a new model. For block-shaped equipment and gantry equipment, Boolean operation is used; (3) Generalized sweep method: First, define the basic profile, then introduce parameters to adjust the size and shape of the profile, then create a sweep path, and use generalized sweeping to move the basic profile along the path to form a new geometry. For linear components, the generalized sweep method is used. (4) Stretch-draft method: First, define the bottom surface contour and introduce parameters to adjust its size and shape. Then, define the stretching path or inclination parameters so that the bottom surface contour is stretched along the path or according to the parameters. By means of drafting, a three-dimensional geometric body stretched along the path is formed. For power grid facilities and equipment with geometric shapes similar to cones, the stretch-draft method is used.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method for automatic model construction is as follows: match the geometric features extracted from the CAD drawings with the component information stored in the database to determine the component identity and type, then match the identified components with the pre-established component model library, obtain the corresponding parametric model through the parametric modeling method, and finally replace the parametric model with the corresponding component position in the CAD drawing to realize dynamic replacement of the model; the component information stored in the database includes the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, and facility classification, and the component model library refers to a collection of equipment three-dimensional models provided by various equipment manufacturers.

8. A three-dimensional parametric modeling system for substations based on engineering design drawings, characterized in that: include: Drawing standardization module is used to standardize and amend the substation design completion drawings according to the standardized graphic symbol library and output standardized drawings; The modeling parameter acquisition module is used to analyze the graphic characteristics of power grid equipment and facility objects and the shape parameters of geometric primitives based on standardized drawings, and to extract the semantic attributes and geometric position information of equipment elements according to the classification design of the extraction method of the spatial position, geometric form, and attribute feature information of the components based on the completion drawings. Based on the connection relationship rules between equipment and the predefined equipment legend terminal information, the topological relationship of power grid equipment is extracted, and the modeling parameters are formed from the geometric position, semantic attributes, model parameters, and topological relationship. The model building module is used to select the appropriate parametric modeling method for automatic model building based on the modeling parameters, combined with the substation information system ledger data, equipment classification, facility classification and predefined model component library.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The device includes one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and when the programs are executed by the processors, the steps of the three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on engineering design drawings as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the three-dimensional parametric modeling method of a substation based on engineering design drawings as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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