Liquid-solid friction nano-generator based on Villoz pump and working method of liquid-solid friction nano-generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid-solid friction nanometer generator based on a Villoz pump and a working method of the liquid-solid friction nanometer generator, and relates to the technical field of fluid energy collection. Comprising a water turbine (1), a liquid pressurization-triboelectrification unit (2), a rotary joint (3), a liquid transportation-triboelectrification unit (4) and an electric energy management unit (5), wherein the liquid pressurization-triboelectrification unit (2) is fixed on the water turbine (1) and is connected with the liquid transportation-triboelectrification unit (4) through the rotary joint (3), and the electric energy management unit (5) is connected in parallel with the liquid pressurization-triboelectrification unit (2) and the liquid transportation-triboelectrification unit (4) through wires. According to the invention, a gas-liquid interval transportation mode formed by an airlock effect is utilized, so that the liquid is periodically contacted and separated from a dielectric pipeline provided with an electrode, electrification is generated by friction, and energy is collected from low-speed continuous water flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid energy collection, and more particularly to a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to overcome the energy supply problem of distributed sensors in environmental monitoring, collecting energy from the environment, especially the widely distributed water energy, has become an important way to achieve clean energy. Traditional electromagnetic generators are limited by high starting thresholds, large size, and high cost, and are only suitable for collecting large-scale, regular water wave energy; piezoelectric generators have small output and insufficient energy supply; and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are based on the coupling of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, which can convert weak mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy, with high voltage output, and have shown great application potential in the field of hydropower generation, especially for low-speed flowing fluids such as rivers and streams.

[0003] Most of the existing triboelectric nanogenerators used to collect fluid energy adopt the form of solid-solid triboelectric charging, which generates electrical energy by driving the mutual friction movement (contact-separation) of two solid friction materials driven by fluid. There are disadvantages such as large wear and tear and the output power is easily affected by environmental factors (such as humidity). In contrast, liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerators directly use the relative flow of fluid and solid dielectric materials to generate triboelectric charging, which has the advantages of no wear and long working life. However, due to the amorphous nature of the fluid, it is difficult to achieve a stable contact-separation motion form between the continuous water flow and a specific solid, resulting in the deterioration of the power output performance during the triboelectric charging process. Therefore, there has been no report on liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerators for collecting low-speed continuous water flow energy in the environment.

[0004] The Wirtz pump is a non-powered water pump proposed by H. Andreas Wirtz in 1746 (reference: A hydrostatic model of the Wirtz pump [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical physical and engineering sciences, 2018, 474: 20170533.). It is mainly composed of a vertical plane spiral pipe fixed on a vertical water wheel. The pipe extends outward from the center of the water wheel to the outermost side of the water wheel along a plane spiral line. The water wheel drives the pipe to rotate under the impact of the water flow, so that the outermost pipe port is alternately in the water flow and the air, forming multiple liquid columns separated by gas in the pipe (called "gas lock" phenomenon). Driven by the pressure of the next liquid column and the gas between the two, one liquid column flows to the spiral center of the pipe, and then flows out through the external pipe, thereby realizing liquid pumping without external power. For a long time, the Wirtz pump has not been widely used due to its single function; however, its unique movement pattern with regular segmented liquid columns as the basic unit flow is very consistent with the "contact-separation" mode required for friction electrification, providing a new solution for fluid energy collection.

[0005] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to propose a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump and a working method thereof to solve the difficulties existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump and a working method thereof, which utilizes the periodic segmented liquid column formed in the Wirtz pump due to the gas lock effect, and forms a tubular liquid-solid friction nanogenerator with a dielectric material pipeline and the provided electrodes, thereby realizing long-distance liquid transportation without additional energy consumption and the collection and conversion of low-speed fluid energy, thereby irrigating plants or powering distributed sensors.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, comprising: a water turbine, a liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit, a rotary joint, a liquid transport-friction electrification unit and an electric energy management unit;

[0009] Among them, the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit is fixed on the turbine and connected to the liquid transport-friction electrification unit through a rotating joint, and the power management unit is connected in parallel with the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit and the liquid transport-friction electrification unit through wires.

[0010] Optionally, the water turbine includes a fixed support, a central main shaft, a runner, spokes and a bucket, and is used to convert water flow energy into mechanical energy for water wheel rotation;

[0011] The runner is coaxially mounted on a fixed bracket with a horizontal central spindle, and the water buckets are mounted on the outer periphery of the runner through spokes. The lowest water bucket is placed in the water flow, and the turbine is driven to rotate under the impact of the water flow. The runner has an internal through-flow channel, the flow channel inlet is connected to the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit, and the flow channel outlet is connected to the liquid transport-friction electrification unit through a rotary joint.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid pressurization-triboelectric unit includes a spiral pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and is used to lift the liquid and output electrical energy by triboelectric charging;

[0013] The spiral pipe is fixed on the turbine as a whole, one end of the spiral pipe is connected to the flow channel of the runner in the turbine, and the other end of the spiral pipe is wound outward along the vertical plane spiral until it extends out of the outermost edge of the turbine to serve as a water receiving port;

[0014] Several electrodes are arranged on the outer wall of the spiral pipe in a periodic array along the pipeline, forming a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator with the pipe wall and the liquid column flowing in the pipe; a protective layer is provided outside the electrode.

[0015] Optionally, the spiral pipeline adopts a plane spiral line type of Fermat spiral, Archimedean spiral, hyperbolic spiral, Fibonacci spiral, or involute.

[0016] Optionally, the liquid transport-triboelectric unit includes a straight pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and realizes liquid transport and triboelectric power generation simultaneously;

[0017] A straight pipe with an outer electrode layer is used as a liquid transport pipeline, which is connected to the outlet of the runner flow channel through a rotating joint. The liquid column in the pipe continues to flow under the push of the air lock pressure and is transported to land for plant irrigation or used for long-distance water extraction without additional energy consumption. On the other hand, the liquid transport pipeline, the outer electrode and the protective layer of the pipe constitute a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, which converts water energy into electrical energy.

[0018] Optionally, the rotary joint is used to connect the rotatable liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit and the fixed liquid transport-friction electrification unit, so that the axes of the rotary joint, the central main shaft of the turbine and the liquid transport pipeline coincide with each other.

[0019] Optionally, the material of the pipeline is: polyperfluoroethylene propylene FEP, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, polypropylene PP, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyurethane PU and polylactic acid PLA.

[0020] Optionally, the power management unit processes the electrical energy or electrical signals to provide power for various distributed sensors.

[0021] A working method of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, using any of the above-mentioned liquid-solid friction nanogenerators based on a Wirtz pump, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. The water flow in the environment drives the turbine and the spiral pipe to rotate continuously: the water flow in the environment impacts the submerged bucket, causing the turbine and the planar spiral pipe in the liquid booster-friction electrification unit fixed on the turbine to rotate accordingly;

[0023] S2. During the rotation of the spiral pipe, the outer port scoops up liquid from the water flow. The liquid moves toward the spiral center in the form of segmented liquid columns in the pipe, and generates electricity through friction with the pipe wall: the pipe port located at the outermost circle of the turbine scoops out a volume of V water from the bottom water flow, forming a water column at the bottom of the pipe, and continuously moves toward the inner circle as the spiral pipe rotates; after the pipe inlet is immersed in the water flow again and scoops out a volume of V liquid, a new liquid column is formed, so the outermost circle and the second outer circle of the pipe each have a liquid column, and there is a section of air between the two columns, forming an air lock effect;

[0024] S3, the liquid column enters the liquid delivery pipeline through the rotating joint and continues to move, and generates electricity by friction with the pipe wall. When the liquid column in the spiral pipe moves to the center of the spiral line, it passes through the internal flow channel of the runner in the turbine and the rotating joint and enters the liquid delivery straight pipe, thereby converting the vertical plane movement of the liquid into horizontal movement and transporting it to land. At the same time, the liquid column generates electricity by friction with the pipe to generate electricity;

[0025] S4. Management and output of electric energy: The electric energy output by the friction nanogenerator is connected to the electric energy management circuit, and is rectified, filtered, stored or supplied according to the preset electric energy management strategy.

[0026] Optionally, the liquid in S2 includes river water, sea water, groundwater and industrial wastewater.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump and a working method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1) The gas-liquid intermittent transport mode formed by the gas lock effect makes the liquid and the dielectric pipe with electrodes periodically contact and separate, and triboelectrically electrify, thus realizing the collection of energy from low-speed continuous water flow;

[0029] 2) The present invention not only effectively collects low-speed water flow energy that cannot be utilized by traditional electromagnetic generators, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and no maintenance, but also overcomes the problems of poor durability, unstable power supply and single function of existing piezoelectric or solid-solid friction electrification energy collection devices. It can reliably transport liquids and collect water flow energy for a long time, which is helpful for water extraction and irrigation in remote areas and uninhabited forests, as well as power supply for distributed sensors in the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a runner component with an internal flow channel in a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump provided by the present invention; wherein 2a is an isometric view and 2b is a cross-sectional view;

[0033] Figure 3 A working flow chart of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the working process of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 A working principle diagram of a single-electrode tubular liquid-solid friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 A diagram showing the components of the power management circuit in a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump provided by the present invention and the connection between the friction nanogenerator unit and the electrical equipment;

[0037] Figure 7 A working principle diagram of a tubular liquid-solid friction nanogenerator with an outer and inner electrode pair provided by the present invention;

[0038] Among them, 1-turbine, 2-liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit, 3-rotating joint, 4-liquid transport-friction electrification unit, 5-electric energy management unit, 101-fixed bracket, 102-central main shaft, 103-wheel, 104-spoke, 105-water bucket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, comprising: a turbine 1, a liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2, a rotary joint 3, a liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4 and an electric energy management unit 5;

[0041] Among them, the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2 is fixed on the turbine 1, and is connected to the liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4 through a rotating joint 3, and the power management unit 5 is connected in parallel with the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2 and the liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4 through wires.

[0042] Furthermore, the water turbine 1 includes a fixed support 101, a central main shaft 102, a runner 103, spokes 104 and a bucket 105, which are used to convert water flow energy into mechanical energy for water wheel rotation;

[0043] The runner 103 is coaxially mounted on a fixed bracket 101 with a horizontal central main shaft 102 (the axis is parallel to the horizontal plane), and the bucket 105 is mounted on the outer periphery of the runner 103 through spokes 104. The bottom bucket 105 is placed in the water flow, and the water turbine 1 is driven to rotate under the impact of the water flow. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 a is an isometric drawing, Figure 2 b is a cross-sectional view, in which the wheel 103 has an internal through-flow channel, the inlet of the flow channel is connected to the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2, and the outlet of the flow channel is connected to the liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4 via a rotary joint 3.

[0044] Furthermore, the liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2 includes a spiral pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and is used to lift the liquid and output electrical energy by friction electrification;

[0045] The spiral pipe is fixed on the turbine 1 as a whole, one end of the spiral pipe is connected to the flow channel of the runner 103 in the turbine 1, and the other end of the spiral pipe is wound outward along a vertical plane spiral until it extends out of the outermost edge of the turbine 1 to serve as a water receiving port;

[0046] Several electrodes are arranged on the outer wall of the spiral pipe in a periodic array along the pipeline, forming a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator with the pipe wall and the liquid column flowing in the pipe (when the liquid column in the pipe flows through the area covered by the outer electrode, it outputs electrical energy under the action of frictional electrification and electrostatic induction); a protective layer is provided outside the electrode.

[0047] Specifically, prevent air, moisture or other impurities in the environment from damaging the electrodes.

[0048] Furthermore, the plane spiral line type adopted by the spiral pipeline is Fermat spiral (equiangular spiral), Archimedean spiral (constant speed spiral), hyperbolic spiral, Fibonacci spiral, and involute.

[0049] Further, the liquid transport-triboelectric unit 4 includes a straight pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and realizes liquid transport and triboelectric power generation at the same time;

[0050] The straight pipe with an outer electrode layer is used as a liquid transport pipeline, which is connected to the outlet of the flow channel of the runner 103 through a rotating joint 3. The liquid column in the pipe continues to flow under the impetus of the gas lock pressure and is transported to land for irrigating plants or used for long-distance water extraction without additional energy consumption. On the other hand, the liquid transport pipeline, the outer electrode and the protective layer of the pipe constitute a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, which converts water energy into electrical energy.

[0051] Specifically, the electrode may be disposed on the outer wall of the pipeline by conductive tape adhesion, magnetron sputtering or chemical deposition, etc.; the electrode protective layer may be disposed by using a waterproof coating or a waterproof shell.

[0052] The naming of straight pipes is only to distinguish them from spiral pipes distributed along the vertical plane. They do not have to be strictly kept horizontal or arranged in a straight line. In actual applications, they can be flexibly arranged as needed, such as bending, tilting, winding, etc.

[0053] Specifically, an improved electrode setting method can increase the output power of the liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, which is to set an inner electrode in the pipeline of the aforementioned liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2 or liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4, thereby forming a plurality of groups of inner and outer electrode pairs with the previously set outer tube electrodes, thereby converting the traditional interface friction electrification effect into a "volume effect" - that is, the liquid column overlaps with the inner and outer electrodes at the same time during the flow process, short-circuiting the originally open-circuited electrical components (inner and outer electrodes and dielectric materials) into a closed-loop circuit, and the charge is quickly transferred from the inner electrode to the outer electrode, thereby achieving high output performance.

[0054] The working principle of the liquid-tube type friction nanogenerator with inner and outer electrode pairs is as follows Figure 7 As shown. The liquid column moves in the pipe, before it contacts the inner electrode, see Figure 7As shown in (i-iii), there is no charge transfer due to the open circuit between the inner and outer electrodes; when the liquid column moves to the area covered by the outer electrode and contacts the inner electrode, see Figure 7 As shown in (iv), the originally disconnected electrical components (inner and outer electrodes and dielectric materials) are short-circuited into a closed loop circuit. The potential difference between the two electrodes drives the electrons to transfer rapidly from the inner electrode to the outer electrode. When the liquid column leaves the inner electrode, see Figure 7 As shown in (v), all the electrons return to the inner electrode and the potential returns to the initial equilibrium state. The whole process achieves high output performance.

[0055] The inner electrode can be set up by using an invasive conductive electrode, such as inserting a metal needle into the pipe; it can also be achieved by non-destructive assembly, such as connecting the front and rear sections of the pipe with a metal ring and using it as an electrode.

[0056] Furthermore, the rotary joint 3 is used to connect the rotatable liquid pressurization-friction electrification unit 2 and the fixed liquid transport-friction electrification unit 4, so that the axes of the rotary joint 3, the central main shaft 102 of the turbine 1, and the liquid transport pipeline coincide with each other.

[0057] Specifically, good dynamic sealing performance is maintained during the rotation process so that the air lock and the liquid column move stably, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire device and the stable power output of the friction nanogenerator.

[0058] Furthermore, the materials of the pipeline are: polyperfluoroethylene propylene FEP, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, polypropylene PP, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyurethane PU and polylactic acid PLA.

[0059] Specifically, the pipeline material should have good corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity, and should be easy to generate friction electrification with the liquid to ensure the stable flow of the liquid in the pipe and improve the robustness and power output of the friction nanogenerator.

[0060] Furthermore, the power management unit 5 processes the electric energy or the electric signal to provide power for various distributed sensors.

[0061] and Figure 1 Corresponding to the above device, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a working method of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, for Figure 1 For the specific implementation of the device, see the flowchart of the method Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0062] S1. The water flow in the environment drives the water turbine 1 and the spiral pipe to rotate continuously: the water flow in the environment impacts the submerged water bucket, causing the water turbine 1 and the planar spiral pipe in the liquid boosting-friction electrification unit 2 fixed on the water turbine 1 to rotate accordingly;

[0063] S2. During the rotation of the spiral pipe, the outer port scoops up liquid from the water flow. The liquid moves toward the spiral center in the pipe in the form of segmented liquid columns, and is electrified by friction with the pipe wall: the pipe port located at the outermost circle of turbine 1 scoops out a volume of V water from the bottom water flow, forming a water column at the bottom of the pipe, and continuously moves toward the inner circle as the spiral pipe rotates, see Figure 4 , as shown in i-iv in a, the outer electrode of the spiral pipe is not drawn in the figure; after the pipe inlet is immersed in the water flow again and a volume of liquid V is scooped out, a new liquid column is formed, so the outermost circle and the second outer circle of the pipe have a liquid column respectively, and there is a section of air between the two columns, forming an air lock effect, see Figure 4 As shown in b;

[0064] Specifically, by analogy, every time the water wheel rotates one circle, a certain amount of liquid is scooped out from the water flow at the pipe inlet and enters the pipe, forming a new air column and liquid column. Liquid and air are filled alternately, and the segmented liquid column is driven to move continuously toward the center of the spiral, that is, the liquid pressurization (water pumping) function is realized, see Figure 4 At the same time, the liquid column is electrified by friction with the pipe, and generates electrical energy when it flows through the area covered by the electrode outside the pipe.

[0065] S3, the liquid column enters the liquid delivery pipe through the rotary joint 3 and continues to move, and generates electricity by friction with the pipe wall. When the liquid column in the spiral pipe moves to the center of the spiral line, see Figure 4 As shown in d in FIG. 1 , the liquid passes through the internal flow channel of the runner in the turbine 1 and the rotary joint 3 and enters the liquid conveying straight pipeline, thereby converting the vertical plane motion of the liquid into horizontal motion, see Figure 4 As shown in e, it is transported to land. At the same time, the friction between the liquid column and the pipeline generates electricity;

[0066] Specifically, the straight liquid transport pipeline in S3 does not have to be in a horizontal plane, and can be inclined or even perpendicular to the horizontal plane to continue to pressurize the liquid and increase the water head to supply water to high-rise buildings or areas at higher altitudes.

[0067] See also Figure 5 As shown in the figure, after multiple cycles of friction electrification, the negative charge on the inner wall of the dielectric pipe reaches saturation and induces positive charge on the outer electrode. The next section of the liquid column carries saturated positive charge due to electrostatic induction. Figure 5 (i) As shown; when it enters the area covered by the outer electrode (referred to as the outer electrode area), the electrons are transferred from the ground to the outer electrode to balance the local potential difference, see Figure 5 (ii) When the liquid column completely enters the outer electrode area, the overall potential of the liquid column, the pipe and the outer electrode reaches equilibrium, and the electron transfer is suspended. Figure 5 (iii) As shown; when the liquid column leaves the outer electrode area, the electrons return to the ground from the outer electrode, see Figure 5 (iv); finally, the liquid column completely leaves the outer electrode area and the whole returns to the potential equilibrium state. Figure 5 As shown in (v) or (i), one electrical energy output is completed, forming a working cycle.

[0068] S4. Management and output of electric energy: The electric energy output by the triboelectric nanogenerator is connected to the electric energy management circuit. The connection relationship between the triboelectric nanogenerator and the electrical equipment is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, rectification, filtering, energy storage or power supply is performed according to a preset power management strategy.

[0069] Furthermore, the liquid in S2 includes river water, sea water, groundwater and industrial wastewater.

[0070] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0071] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, It is characterized in that include: A water turbine (1), a liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2), a rotary joint (3), a liquid transport-friction electrification unit (4) and an electric energy management unit (5); The liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2) is fixed on the turbine (1) and connected to the liquid transporting-friction electrification unit (4) via a rotary joint (3); the electric energy management unit (5) is connected in parallel with the liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2) and the liquid transporting-friction electrification unit (4) via wires.

2. A liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The water turbine (1) comprises a fixed support (101), a central main shaft (102), a runner (103), spokes (104) and a water bucket (105), and is used to convert water flow energy into mechanical energy for water wheel rotation; The runner (103) is coaxially mounted on a fixed support (101) with a horizontal central main shaft (102); a water bucket (105) is mounted on the outer periphery of the runner (103) through spokes (104); the lowest water bucket (105) is placed in a water flow and drives the turbine (1) to rotate under the impact of the water flow; the runner (103) has an internal through-flow channel; the flow channel inlet is connected to a liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2); and the flow channel outlet is connected to a liquid transporting-friction electrification unit (4) through a rotary joint (3).

3. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2) comprises a spiral pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and is used to lift the liquid and output electrical energy by friction electrification; The spiral pipe is fixed as a whole on the water turbine (1), one end of the spiral pipe is connected to the flow channel of the runner (103) in the water turbine (1), and the other end of the spiral pipe is wound outward along a vertical plane spiral until it extends out of the outermost edge of the water turbine (1) to serve as a water receiving port; Several electrodes are arranged on the outer wall of the spiral pipe in a periodic array along the pipeline, forming a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator with the pipe wall and the liquid column flowing in the pipe; a protective layer is provided outside the electrode.

4. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The plane spiral lines used in spiral pipes are Fermat spiral, Archimedean spiral, hyperbolic spiral, Fibonacci spiral, and involute.

5. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The liquid transport-triboelectric unit (4) comprises a straight pipe, an electrode and a protective layer, and realizes liquid transport and triboelectric power generation simultaneously; The straight pipe with an outer electrode layer is used as a liquid transport pipe, and is connected to the outlet of the flow channel of the runner (103) through a rotating joint (3). The liquid column in the pipe continues to flow under the impetus of the air lock pressure and is transported to land for irrigating plants, or used for long-distance water extraction without additional energy consumption. On the other hand, the liquid transport pipe, the outer electrode and the protective layer of the pipe constitute a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, which converts water energy into electrical energy.

6. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The rotary joint (3) is used to connect the rotatable liquid pressurizing-friction electrification unit (2) and the fixed liquid transporting-friction electrification unit (4), so that the axes of the rotary joint (3), the central main shaft (102) of the turbine (1) and the liquid transport pipeline coincide with each other.

7. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The materials of the pipeline are: polyperfluoroethylene propylene FEP, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, polypropylene PP, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyurethane PU and polylactic acid PLA.

8. The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The power management unit (5) processes the electric energy or electric signals to provide power for various distributed sensors.

9. A working method of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump, Features The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. The water flow in the environment drives the water turbine (1) and the spiral pipe to rotate continuously: the water flow in the environment impacts the submerged water bucket, causing the water turbine (1) and the planar spiral pipe in the liquid boosting-friction electrification unit (2) fixed on the water turbine (1) to rotate accordingly; S2. During the rotation of the spiral pipe, the outer port scoops up liquid from the water flow. The liquid moves toward the spiral center in the form of segmented liquid columns in the pipe, and generates electricity through friction with the pipe wall: the pipe port located at the outermost circle of the turbine (1) scoops out a volume of V water from the bottom water flow, forming a water column at the bottom of the pipe, and continuously moves toward the inner circle as the spiral pipe rotates; the pipe inlet is immersed in the water flow again and scoops out a volume of V liquid, forming a new liquid column. Thus, the outermost circle and the second outer circle of the pipe each have a liquid column, and there is a section of air between the two columns, forming an air lock effect; S3, the liquid column enters the liquid delivery pipeline through the rotary joint (3) and continues to move, and generates electricity by friction with the pipe wall. When the liquid column in the spiral pipe moves to the center of the spiral line, it passes through the internal flow channel of the runner in the turbine (1) and the rotary joint (3) and enters the liquid delivery straight pipe, thereby converting the vertical plane movement of the liquid into horizontal movement and transporting it to land. At the same time, the liquid column generates electricity by friction with the pipe to generate electric energy; S4. Management and output of electric energy: The electric energy output by the friction nanogenerator is connected to the electric energy management circuit, and is rectified, filtered, stored or supplied according to the preset electric energy management strategy.

10. A working method of a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator based on a Wirtz pump according to claim 9, It is characterized in that Liquids in S2 include river water, sea water, groundwater and industrial wastewater.

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