Stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent seed and fertilizer integrated seeding unit, belongs to the technical field of seeding machine equipment, and particularly relates to a stirring, fertilizing and seeding integrated machine which comprises a rack, an advancing device, a ditching and soil covering device, a fertilizer discharging device, a seeding device and a control system. According to the seeding machine, the seeding rate can be adjusted, fixed-point and quantitative discharging is realized, a mode of seeding first and then fertilizing or a mode of fertilizing first and then seeding can be selected according to specific conditions, the problems of complicated seeding rate adjustment, miss seeding, uneven seeding rate, inconsistent seeding depth and the like during seeding operation of a traditional mechanical seeding machine are solved, fine planting of various crops and adaptation to different land parcels is realized, and the seeding efficiency is improved. The soil covering device and the soil leveling device of the seeder are suitable for more complex terrains, irregular terrains between hills or mountainous regions can be fully utilized, the soil covering device and the soil leveling device of the seeder are improved and designed, and by adding a rigid spring and an adjustable mechanical structure, the adjusting range is expanded, and the applicability of the soil covering device and the soil leveling wheel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses an intelligent integrated seeding and fertilizer sowing unit, belongs to the technical field of sowing machine equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated stirring, fertilizing and sowing machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, the seed drill has been upgraded from traditional machinery to mechanization and intelligence, and has adopted advanced sensor technology, automatic control technology, etc., to achieve functions such as precise seeding and real-time monitoring, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of seeding. In the process of developing seeding machinery products, my country's agricultural machinery research institutes have successively developed disc seeders, vibrating fertilizer applicators, hollow wheel seeders, small groove wheel seeders, swing seeders, and other main working parts such as bell opener core, loosener, swing fertilizer unloader, and are widely used in production.

[0003] As the demand for mechanized crop sowing in the production process increases, the application of sowing machinery in production becomes more and more popular and more and more advanced. However, traditional sowing machines still have the following problems:

[0004] 1. The existing seed drill adopts integral drive, but it is only suitable for flat land. It cannot work better in some irregular terrains between hills or mountains and more complex terrains;

[0005] 2. Existing seed drills cannot adjust the different soil cover thickness and soil density according to the seeding requirements of different crops, resulting in poor seeding results and high rework rate;

[0006] 3. Existing seed drills cannot adjust data according to different crops, so the spacing between plants cannot be guaranteed, which makes manual thinning cumbersome. In serious cases, the problem of over-crowding and poor growth of crops or over-sparseness and waste of land resources may occur;

[0007] 4. Existing seed drills have problems such as poor seeding accuracy, poor reliability and short lifespan;

[0008] 5. The existing seed drill speed change structure is relatively backward and inconvenient to adjust and use. The traditional one is a fixed iron rigid ground drive, which has a small diameter and a high slip rate. The transmission shaft is mostly supported by sliding or ordinary bearings, which lacks flexibility and has large transmission resistance.

[0009] In summary, traditional seed drills have the problems of low seeding efficiency on fragmented farmland, high difficulty in operation, waste of manpower, and easy environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0010] Purpose of the invention: to provide a stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0011] Technical solution: A mixing, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine, the frame is formed by a combination of several brackets, and is used to support and install other working devices;

[0012] The traveling device is composed of a driving wheel, a ground wheel and a flat soil wheel, which drives the entire mixing, fertilizing and sowing machine to move forward;

[0013] A furrowing and soil covering device, comprising a furrowing device and a soil covering device, which can adjust different soil covering thicknesses and soil densities according to the sowing requirements of different crops, wherein the furrowing device and the soil covering device are installed on the frame, and the furrowing device is pressed into the soil surface by the device's own weight;

[0014] The fertilizer discharging device is connected to the ground wheel through the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device, and the ground wheel drives the bearing of the fertilizer discharging device to rotate to realize automatic fertilizer discharging;

[0015] The sowing device realizes automatic sowing through the disc seeding device, and adjusts the seed spacing by adjusting the disc speed through the motor, and adjusts the data according to different crops to ensure the plant spacing;

[0016] A control system is connected with the traveling device, the furrowing and covering device, the fertilizer discharge device and the sowing device to control the operation thereof.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the driving wheel, the ground wheel and the leveling wheel in the traveling device are each provided with two and installed on the frame, the two driving wheels are each equipped with an independent motor, and the forward, backward, left and right movement and steering are realized through the single-chip computer code in the control system, the two ground wheels are connected by a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is installed at the bottom of the frame through a bearing seat, and the leveling wheel is installed at the front end of the frame through an elastic support assembly.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the soil cover is connected to the frame via an adjustable telescopic rod, the end of the adjustable telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the frame via a connecting plate, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the soil cover;

[0019] The furrow opener opens a seed furrow when the seeder is sowing, and discharges seeds or other materials required for crop growth into the seed furrow. The furrow opener is connected to the frame via an elastic connection component; the elastic connection component includes: a connecting seat, which is fixedly connected to the frame; a connecting arm, one end of which is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, and a rigid spring is provided at the connection; a weight arm, one end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting arm and the other end is fixedly connected to the furrow opener, and a limit groove is provided on the weight arm to limit the depth of the furrow opener pressed into the soil surface.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the furrow opener adopts an obtuse-angle furrow opener and is provided with two sliding blades. The sliding angle β of the sliding blade is negatively correlated with the cutting resistance. The sliding angle β represents the angle between the normal line on the tangent line of a certain point on the sliding blade and the horizontal line. The angle threshold of the sliding angle β is 35° to 55°.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the fertilizer discharge device is installed on the frame, and the fertilizer discharge device includes: a fertilizer box, fixedly installed on the frame; an outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger, fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box and connected to the fertilizer box; a fertilizer discharge pipe, fixedly connected to and connected to the bottom of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger; a main shaft, passing through the groove wheel of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger and the bearing seats at both ends are installed on the frame; a driving sprocket, sleeved on the transmission shaft; a driven sprocket, sleeved on the main shaft factory; a transmission chain, which is connected to the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket at the same time, and drives the transmission shaft to rotate as the ground wheel rotates, thereby driving the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket to rotate through the transmission chain, thereby driving the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger on the main shaft to work, so that the fertilizer in the fertilizer box is stirred through the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger and flows out of the fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the external groove wheel type fertilizer dispenser includes: a lower fertilizer box; a bearing swivel, located in the lower fertilizer box and sleeved with the main shaft to rotate with the main shaft; a groove wheel, sleeved on the main shaft, with one end cooperating with the bearing swivel and the other end extending through one side of the lower fertilizer box to the outside; an elastic slide plate, movably installed in the lower fertilizer box and located below the groove wheel.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the sowing device includes: a rotating motor fixedly mounted on one side of the frame; a central axis, one end of which is connected to the rotating motor through a coupling; a vertical disc seed meter, which is sleeved on the central axis; a seed box, which is fixedly mounted on the frame and connected to the vertical disc seed meter through a pipeline to transport seeds into the vertical disc seed meter; and a feed pipe, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical disc seed meter and connected to drop the seeds into a pit.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the vertical disc seed meter includes: a seed meter seat, fixedly mounted on the frame; a seed meter cover, fixedly mounted on the seed meter seat; a partition, arranged in the cavity formed by the seed meter seat and the seed meter cover and dividing the cavity into a seeding cavity and a material discharge cavity; a seed guide wheel, located in the cavity and sleeved with the central axis, and provided with a plurality of material discharge grooves on the seed guide wheel; a seed taking disc, fixedly mounted on the guide wheel and located in the seeding cavity, and the seed taking disc The disc is provided with a plurality of seed taking teeth; a brush is fixedly mounted on the seed meter cover and cooperates with the seed taking teeth of the seed taking disc; a seed meter door is mounted on the seed meter cover; a seed meter port is fixedly connected to the seed meter seat and connected to the feeding cavity; a notch is provided on the partition plate to connect the seed taking teeth of the seed taking disc and the feeding trough of the seed guide wheel. By rotating the central axis through the motor, the seed taking disc takes a certain number of seeds each time it rotates upward through the seed taking teeth, enters the feeding trough of the seed guide wheel, and flows out from the seed meter port.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the elastic support assembly includes: two upper support rods, one end of which is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame; two lower support rods, one end of which is movably connected to the upper support rod through a connecting rod; a connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the upper support rod and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the lower support rod; the leveling wheel is fixedly installed between the two lower support rods through a bearing seat, and a supporting spring is sleeved on the connecting rod.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the position of the soil cover corresponds to the position of the feed outlet of the sowing device, and the position of the furrow opener corresponds to the position of the feed outlet of the fertilizer discharge device.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) Each of the two driving wheels is equipped with an independent motor, which can realize forward, backward, left, right and steering through the single-chip computer code. The configuration of a single wheel and a single motor is conducive to more efficient power utilization, and at the same time, the control of the travel mode is more precise, so as to adapt to more complex terrain. It is not only suitable for flat land, but also can make full use of irregular terrain between hills or mountains.

[0029] At the same time, as different crops require different fertilizer conditions, the forward and backward travel directions can be adjusted to adapt to different planting requirements where fertilizers need to be covered above or below the seeds.

[0030] (2) To ensure the survival rate and good growth of crops, the furrow opener is pressed into the soil surface by the weight of the device. The soil cover and the leveling wheel are designed as detachable and adjustable assemblies. A rigid spring is designed on top of each unit. Different soil cover thickness and soil density can be adjusted according to the sowing requirements of different crops.

[0031] (3) Design a new type of disc seeding device. The seeds fall into the seeding disc. The motor rotates the central axis, and the toothed seeding disc rotates upward each time to take a certain number of seeds into the sowing tube. The motor can adjust the disc speed to adjust the seed spacing, and adjust the data according to different crops to ensure the spacing between plants, reduce the tediousness of manual thinning, and prevent crops from growing poorly due to overcrowding or wasting land resources due to oversparseness.

[0032] (4) In order to achieve the effect of energy saving and environmental protection, the main bearing of the outer groove wheel fertilizer discharger is designed to be connected to the ground wheel through a chain. The power of the ground wheel rotation drives the bearing of the fertilizer discharger to rotate, saving electricity. At the same time, it avoids overly complex circuit systems, circumventing problems such as high cost, difficult production, and difficulty for users to master. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the elastic connection assembly and the furrow opener of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a furrow opener of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a soil covering device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a fertilizer discharge device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a front view of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharger of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.10 It is an axonometric view of the vertical disc type seed metering device of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical disc type seed metering device of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the elastic support assembly of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a sliding blade of the present invention.

[0046] Figures: frame 1, travel device 2, furrowing and covering device 3, fertilizer discharge device 4, sowing device 5, furrow opener 31, covering device 32, driving wheel 6, ground wheel 7, leveling wheel 8, independent motor 9, transmission shaft 10, elastic support assembly 11, adjustable telescopic rod 12, elastic connection assembly 13, connecting seat 131, connecting arm 132, heavy pressure arm 133, limit groove 134, sliding blade 135, fertilizer box 14, outer groove wheel fertilizer discharger 15, fertilizer discharge pipe 16, main shaft 17, driving sprocket 18, driven sprocket 1 9. Transmission chain 20, fertilizer box 151, bearing swivel 152, groove wheel 153, elastic slide plate 154, rotating motor 21, central axis 22, vertical disc seeding device 23, seeding box 24, feeding pipe 25, seeding device seat 231, seeding device cover 232, partition 233, seed guide wheel 234, feeding trough 235, seeding plate 236, seeding teeth 237, brush 238, seeding device door 239, seeding device mouth 240, upper support rod 111, lower support rod 112, connecting rod 113, supporting spring 114. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] A mixing, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine comprises: a frame 1, a traveling device 2, a ditching and soil covering device 3, a fertilizer discharge device 4, a sowing device 5 and a control system.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the frame 1 is formed by a combination of a plurality of brackets and is used to support and install other working devices;

[0051] The traveling device 2 is composed of a driving wheel 6, a ground wheel 7 and a flat wheel 8, which drives the entire mixing, fertilizing and sowing machine;

[0052] The furrowing and soil covering device 3 includes a furrowing device 31 and a soil covering device 32. Different soil covering thicknesses and soil densities can be adjusted according to the sowing requirements of different crops. The furrowing device 31 and the soil covering device 32 are installed on the frame 1. The furrowing device 31 is pressed into the soil surface by the device's own weight.

[0053] The fertilizer discharging device 4 is connected to the ground wheel 7 through the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharging device 15, and the ground wheel 7 drives the fertilizer discharging device bearing to rotate to realize automatic fertilizer discharging;

[0054] The sowing device 5 realizes automatic sowing through a disc seeding device, and adjusts the seed spacing by adjusting the disc speed through a motor, and adjusts the data corresponding to different crops to ensure the plant spacing;

[0055] The control system is connected with the traveling device 2, the furrowing and covering device 3, the fertilizer discharge device 4 and the sowing device 5 to control the operation thereof.

[0056] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the driving wheel 6, the ground wheel 7 and the leveling wheel 8 in the traveling device 2 are each provided with two and installed on the frame 1, and the two driving wheels 6 are each equipped with an independent motor 9, and the front, rear, left, and right travel and steering are realized through the single-chip computer code in the control system. The two ground wheels 7 are connected by a transmission shaft 10, and the transmission shaft 10 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1 through a bearing seat, and the leveling wheel 8 is installed at the front end of the frame 1 through an elastic support assembly 11.

[0057] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the soil cover 32 is connected to the frame 1 through an adjustable telescopic rod 12, the end of the adjustable telescopic rod 12 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 through a connecting plate, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the soil cover 32;

[0058] The furrow opener 31 opens a seed furrow when the seeder is sowing, and discharges seeds or other materials required for crop growth into the seed furrow. The furrow opener 31 is connected to the frame 1 through an elastic connection component 13; the elastic connection component 13 includes: a connecting seat 131, which is fixedly connected to the frame 1; a connecting arm 132, one end of which is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 131, and a rigid spring is provided at the connection; a weight arm 133, one end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting arm 132 and the other end is fixedly connected to the furrow opener 31, and a limit groove 134 is provided on the weight arm 133 to limit the depth of the furrow opener 31 pressed into the soil surface.

[0059] In one embodiment, Fig.13 As shown, the furrow opener 31 adopts an obtuse-angle furrow opener 31, and is provided with two sliding blades 135. The sliding angle β of the sliding blade 135 is negatively correlated with the cutting resistance. The sliding angle β represents the angle between the normal line on the tangent line of a certain point on the sliding blade 135 and the horizontal line. The angle threshold of the sliding angle β is 35° to 55°.

[0060] In one embodiment, Figures 7 to 9As shown, the fertilizer discharging device 4 is installed on the frame 1, and the fertilizer discharging device 4 includes: a fertilizer box 14, fixedly installed on the frame 1; an outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharging device 15, fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box 14 and connected to the fertilizer box 14; a fertilizer discharging pipe 16, fixedly connected to and connected to the bottom of the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharging device 15; a main shaft 17, passing through the groove wheel 153 of the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharging device 15 and the bearing seats at both ends are installed on the frame 1; a driving sprocket 18, sleeved on On the transmission shaft 10; the driven sprocket 19 is sleeved on the main shaft 17; the transmission chain 20 is connected to the driving sprocket 18 and the driven sprocket 19 at the same time. As the ground wheel 7 rotates, the transmission shaft 10 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the driving sprocket 18 and the driven sprocket 19 to rotate through the transmission chain 20, thereby driving the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharger 15 on the main shaft 17 to work, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 14 is stirred through the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharger 15 and flows out from the fertilizer discharge pipe 16.

[0061] In one embodiment, Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the outer groove wheel 153 type fertilizer discharger 15 includes: a lower fertilizer box 151; a bearing swivel 152, which is located in the lower fertilizer box 151 and is sleeved with the main shaft 17 to rotate with the main shaft 17; a groove wheel 153, which is sleeved on the main shaft 17, and one end of which cooperates with the bearing swivel 152, and the other end passes through one side of the lower fertilizer box 151 and extends to the outside; an elastic slide plate 154, which is movably installed in the lower fertilizer box 151 and is located below the groove wheel 153.

[0062] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the sowing device 5 includes: a rotating motor 21, which is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1; a central axis 22, one end of which is connected to the rotating motor 21 through a coupling; a vertical disc seed meter 23, which is sleeved with the central axis 22; a seed box 24, which is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and is connected to the vertical disc seed meter 23 through a pipeline to transport seeds into the vertical disc seed meter 23; a feed pipe 25, which is fixedly connected and connected to the bottom of the vertical disc seed meter 23 to drop seeds into the pit.

[0063] In one embodiment, Figure 10 to Figure 11As shown, the vertical disc seeding device 23 includes: a seeding device seat 231, fixedly mounted on the frame 1; a seeding device cover 232, fixedly mounted on the seeding device seat 231; a partition 233, arranged in the cavity formed by the seeding device seat 231 and the seeding device cover 232 and dividing the cavity into a seeding cavity and a feeding cavity; a seed guide wheel 234, located in the cavity and sleeved with the central axis 22, and provided with a plurality of feeding grooves 235 on the seed guide wheel 234; a seed taking disc 236, fixedly mounted on the guide wheel and located in the seeding cavity, and provided with a plurality of seed taking teeth 237; A brush 238 is fixedly mounted on the seed meter cover 232 and cooperates with the seed taking teeth 237 of the seed taking disc 236; a seed meter door 239 is mounted on the seed meter cover 232; a seed meter opening 240 is fixedly connected to the seed meter seat 231 and connected to the feeding chamber; a notch is provided on the partition plate 233 to connect the seed taking teeth 237 of the seed taking disc 236 with the feeding trough 235 of the seed guide wheel 234. By rotating the central shaft 22 by the motor, the seed taking disc 236 takes a certain number of seeds each time it rotates upward through the seed taking teeth 237, enters the feeding trough 235 of the seed guide wheel 234, and flows out from the seed meter opening 240.

[0064] In one embodiment, Fig.12 As shown, the elastic support assembly 11 includes: an upper support rod 111, which is provided with two and one end of which is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame 1; a lower support rod 112, which is provided with two and one end of which is movably connected to the upper support rod 111 through a connecting rod; a connecting rod 113, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the upper support rod 111 and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the lower support rod 112; the leveling wheel 8 is fixedly installed between the two lower support rods 112 through a bearing seat, and a supporting spring 114 is sleeved on the connecting rod 113.

[0065] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the position of the soil cover 32 corresponds to the position of the feed opening of the sowing device 5 , and the position of the furrow opener 31 corresponds to the position of the feed opening of the fertilizer discharge device 4 .

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] The intelligent integrated seed and fertilizer farming unit of the present invention is a highly automated agricultural equipment that integrates the functions of trenching, fertilizing, sowing and soil leveling. The unit puts seeds and fertilizers into the seed box and fertilizer box respectively, and realizes the fixed-point and quantitative discharge of them, and can choose the mode of planting seeds first and then fertilizer or the mode of planting fertilizer first and then seeds according to the specific situation.

[0068] The seed meter of this product is designed with an efficient and stable vertical disc seed meter. The seed meter drives the seeds to rotate in the disc through the rotation of the seed guide wheel and the driving action of the seed spoon wheel equipped on it. When the seeds rotate to the exit position of the seed meter under the guidance of the spoon wheel, they fall naturally under the action of gravity and are discharged smoothly, achieving accurate and uniform sowing operations. As for the fertilizer meter, an outer groove wheel fertilizer meter is designed, and its working principle depends on the rotation of the ground wheel. When the ground wheel rotates continuously during the movement, its power is effectively transmitted to the fertilizer meter, which in turn drives the fertilizer meter to discharge fertilizer. This design cleverly utilizes the power during the movement, making the fertilizer discharge process automatic and efficient.

[0069] This product is equipped with three TT DC motors, two of which are used to drive the active wheel. The single-wheel single-motor configuration makes the product more flexible and maneuverable, while also ensuring strong power. The other motor is configured for the seed meter to accurately control the seeding process and achieve uniform seeding. In addition, the product is also equipped with a high-performance battery, which serves as the energy core of the entire power system, providing stable and reliable power support for the motor, ensuring that the product can maintain continuous and stable operation during long-term operations.

[0070] The intelligent seed-fertilizer integrated farming unit of the present invention can realize the sowing and fertilizing functions with a certain degree of precision. It has a controllable delivery system that can deliver the mixture into the predetermined furrow line to ensure that the planting spacing of the crops is suitable for their growth. The operation of the unit is simple and convenient, and the cost is low. At the same time, more flexible and maneuverable steering wheels are selected, which is suitable for the planting of multiple types of grain plants in small areas or complex terrains such as mountains. The intelligent seed-fertilizer integrated farming unit integrates the processes of furrowing, fertilizing, sowing and soil leveling, realizing the automation and intelligence of agricultural production. Its application can not only improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production, but also reduce labor intensity and avoid waste of resources.

[0071] Embodiment 3:

[0072] The frame is made of carbon steel and the frame structure is welded. The physical structure is connected by locks, springs, and bearings. The peripherals are painted with waterproof and rust-proof paint.

[0073] Compared with aluminum alloy, it is stronger and more durable, suitable for field work, and waterproof paint can extend the service life of the device.

[0074] Embodiment 4:

[0075] The furrowing and covering device presses the furrow opener into the soil surface through the device's own weight. The covering device and the leveling wheel are both detachable and adjustable assemblies. There is a rigid spring above each unit. Different covering thicknesses and soil densities can be adjusted according to the sowing requirements of different crops, thereby ensuring good crop survival rate and growth status.

[0076] The function of the furrow opener is to open a furrow when the seeder is sowing, and to place the seeds or other materials required for the growth of crops into the furrow. Therefore, the furrow opener is required to have the following characteristics: the furrows opened are straight, the depth is the same, the soil layer is not disturbed, the structure is simple, and the resistance is small. According to the needs of sowing, the present invention selects an obtuse furrow opener,

[0077] The sliding angle of the furrow opener β The sliding angle refers to the angle between the normal line and the horizontal line on the tangent line of a certain point on the sliding blade. The sliding angle is negatively correlated with the cutting resistance, that is, the cutting resistance decreases with the increase of the sliding angle. If the sliding angle is too small, the disturbance of the soil by sliding cutting will increase, and the soil will easily turn upward, which is not conducive to soil moisture conservation; if the sliding angle is too large, it will be difficult to enter the soil. Therefore, a suitable sliding angle should be selected during design. Bionic test studies have shown that the furrow opener has good soil resistance and cutting performance when the sliding angle is 35° to 55°. The furrow opener angle used by this machine is 45°.

[0078] The length S and height H of the furrow opener side plate The length of the furrow opener side plate depends on the movement of the furrow opener after it separates from the seed tube, so it is necessary to study the movement of seeds after they separate from the seed tube.

[0079] The seeds are projected through the seed tube. Since the seed tube of this machine is set low and the travel speed is relatively constant, the deviation caused by inertia can be ignored and the sowing is still relatively uniform.

[0080] The length of the side plate of the furrow opener is determined according to the agronomic requirements of pepper sowing. The suitable sowing depth of pepper is 5-20mm. The sowing depth of pepper in the present invention is 15mm. Considering that the bell tube should have a certain height from the ground, the height between the seed discharge port and the bottom of the furrow opener is 100mm.

[0081] The height of the side plates of the furrow opener should be able to cover the entire process of the fertilizer from the seed discharge port to the ground, and should be slightly about this distance. Therefore, the height of the side plates of the furrow opener of the present invention is 50mm.

[0082] Embodiment 5:

[0083] The sowing device of the present invention uses a vertical disc seeding device. The new disc seeding device, the seeds dropped from the seed box enter the seeding wheel, and the motor rotates the central axis, and the toothed seed taking disc (green disc in the figure) rotates upward each time to take a certain number of seeds into the sowing tube. The motor can adjust the wheel speed and distance, and adjust the data corresponding to different crops to ensure the spacing between plants, reduce the tediousness of artificial thinning, and prevent crops from growing poorly due to overcrowding or wasting land resources due to oversparseness.

[0084] Embodiment 6:

[0085] The present invention uses an outer groove wheel type fertilizer dispensing device. The main bearing of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer dispensing device is connected to the ground wheel through a chain. The power of the ground wheel rotation drives the bearing of the fertilizer dispensing device to rotate, saving electric energy, avoiding complex circuit systems, and avoiding problems such as high cost, difficult production, and poor user control.

[0086] In summary, with the development of social economy, my country's seeding machinery is becoming more and more popular and more and more advanced. At present, the research status of domestic seeding machinery can be summarized into the following aspects.

[0087] 1. The variety of seeding machinery is complete and rich. Seeders can be divided into many types. Different seeders are needed for different terrain conditions and crop varieties. At present, the types of domestic seeders basically cover all terrain conditions and crop varieties in my country, and can basically meet the seeding work under different conditions, but a few complex and dangerous environments cannot be used for seeding.

[0088] 2. Diversification of technical principles. The sowing technical principles adopted by my country's seed drills are diverse, including chisel shovel type, arrow shovel type, sliding knife type, etc. The application of these technical principles has increased the variety of my country's seeding machinery and provided diversified choices for agricultural sowing, which is conducive to the development of my country's agriculture.

[0089] 3. Poor sowing accuracy, poor reliability, and short life. Compared with developed countries, my country's sowing machinery still has a certain gap in sowing performance. Specifically, there are obvious deficiencies in sowing accuracy, sowing reliability, and sowing machinery life. This is related to the late start of the development of sowing machinery in my country and the backwardness of my country's technological development.

[0090] 4. The transmission speed change structure is relatively backward, and it is inconvenient to adjust and use. Many planting machines are still using fixed iron rigid ground drive, which has a small diameter and a high slip rate. Most of the transmission shafts are supported by sliding or ordinary bearings, which lack flexibility and have large transmission resistance. In recent years, in the development of new seeding machinery, hexagonal self-aligning bearings have begun to be used as supports; the transmission speed change has begun to use the replacement of sprockets, and the speed change adjustment is not very convenient; the tower wheel centralized speed change structure has begun to be used; in terms of the transmission shaft or ground wheel, the one-way overrunning clutch device has begun to be used, which has promoted the improvement of the transmission reliability of the machine.

[0091] The design and test of the intelligent seed and fertilizer integrated seeder in this invention can be roughly divided into five aspects:

[0092] (1) Each of the two driving wheels is equipped with an independent motor, which can realize forward, backward, left, right and steering through the single-chip computer code. The configuration of a single wheel and a single motor is conducive to more efficient power utilization, and at the same time, the control of the travel mode is more precise, so as to adapt to more complex terrain. It is not only suitable for flat land, but also can make full use of irregular terrain between hills or mountains.

[0093] At the same time, as different crops require different fertilizer conditions, the forward and backward travel directions can be adjusted to adapt to different planting requirements where fertilizers need to be covered above or below the seeds.

[0094] (2) To ensure the survival rate and good growth of crops, the furrow opener is pressed into the soil surface by the weight of the device. The soil cover and the leveling wheel are designed as detachable and adjustable assemblies. A rigid spring is designed on top of each unit. Different soil cover thickness and soil density can be adjusted according to the sowing requirements of different crops.

[0095] (3) Design a new type of disc seeding device. The seeds are dropped from the seed box into the seeding disc. The motor rotates the central axis, and the toothed seeding disc rotates upward each time to take a certain number of seeds and enter the sowing tube. The motor can adjust the disc speed to adjust the seed spacing, and adjust the data according to different crops to ensure the spacing between plants, reduce the tediousness of manual thinning, and prevent crops from growing poorly due to overcrowding or wasting land resources due to oversparseness.

[0096] (4) In order to achieve the effect of energy saving and environmental protection, the main bearing of the outer groove wheel fertilizer discharger is designed to be connected to the ground wheel through a chain. The power of the ground wheel rotation drives the bearing of the fertilizer discharger to rotate, saving electricity. At the same time, it avoids overly complex circuit systems, circumventing problems such as high cost, difficult production, and difficulty for users to master.

[0097] (5) Through the preset program code, the remote controller can be used to turn and move forward in all directions, adjust the forward speed and seeding speed. It is controllable and adjustable, with a low threshold for use, and is easy to observe operating data.

[0098] For different crops, the rotation speed and travel speed of the seeding disc can be adjusted to achieve different seeding density requirements.

[0099] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine, characterized in that: include: The frame is formed by a combination of several brackets and is used to support and install other working devices; The traveling device is composed of a driving wheel, a ground wheel and a flat soil wheel, which drives the entire mixing, fertilizing and sowing machine to move forward; A furrowing and soil covering device, comprising a furrowing device and a soil covering device, which can adjust different soil covering thicknesses and soil densities according to the sowing requirements of different crops, wherein the furrowing device and the soil covering device are installed on the frame, and the furrowing device is pressed into the soil surface by the device's own weight; The fertilizer discharging device is connected to the ground wheel through the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device, and the ground wheel drives the bearing of the fertilizer discharging device to rotate to realize automatic fertilizer discharging; The sowing device realizes automatic sowing through the disc seeding device, and adjusts the seed spacing by adjusting the disc speed through the motor, and adjusts the data according to different crops to ensure the plant spacing; A control system is connected with the traveling device, the furrowing and covering device, the fertilizer discharge device and the sowing device to control the operation thereof.

2. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel, the ground wheel and the leveling wheel in the traveling device are each provided with two and installed on the frame, the two driving wheels are each equipped with an independent motor, and the front, rear, left, right and left travel and steering are realized through the single-chip computer code in the control system, the two ground wheels are connected by a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is installed at the bottom of the frame through a bearing seat, and the leveling wheel is installed at the front end of the frame through an elastic support assembly.

3. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cover is connected to the frame via an adjustable telescopic rod, the end of the adjustable telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the frame via a connecting plate, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the soil cover; The furrow opener opens a seed furrow when the seeder is sowing, and discharges seeds or other materials required for crop growth into the seed furrow. The furrow opener is connected to the frame via an elastic connection component; the elastic connection component includes: a connecting seat, which is fixedly connected to the frame; a connecting arm, one end of which is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, and a rigid spring is provided at the connection; a weight arm, one end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting arm and the other end is fixedly connected to the furrow opener, and a limit groove is provided on the weight arm to limit the depth of the furrow opener pressed into the soil surface.

4. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furrow opener adopts an obtuse-angle furrow opener and is provided with two sliding blades. The sliding cutting angle β of the sliding blade is negatively correlated with the cutting resistance. The sliding cutting angle β represents the angle between the normal line on the tangent line of a certain point on the sliding blade and the horizontal line. The angle threshold of the sliding cutting angle β is 35° to 55°.

5. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharging device is installed on the frame, and the fertilizer discharging device includes: a fertilizer box, which is fixedly installed on the frame; an outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box and communicated with the fertilizer box; a fertilizer discharging pipe, which is fixedly connected to and communicated with the bottom of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device; a main shaft, which passes through the groove wheel of the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device and the bearing seats at both ends are installed on the frame; a driving sprocket, which is sleeved on the transmission shaft; a driven sprocket, which is sleeved on the main shaft factory; a transmission chain, which is connected to the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket at the same time, and drives the transmission shaft to rotate as the ground wheel rotates, thereby driving the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket to rotate through the transmission chain, thereby driving the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device on the main shaft to work, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box is stirred through the outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharging device and flows out from the fertilizer discharging pipe.

6. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external groove wheel fertilizer dispenser includes: a lower fertilizer box; a bearing swivel, which is located in the lower fertilizer box and is sleeved with the main shaft to rotate with the main shaft; a groove wheel, which is sleeved on the main shaft and has one end that cooperates with the bearing swivel and the other end that passes through one side of the lower fertilizer box and extends to the outside; an elastic slide plate, which is movably installed in the lower fertilizer box and is located below the groove wheel.

7. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing device includes: a rotating motor fixedly mounted on one side of the frame; a central shaft, one end of which is connected to the rotating motor through a coupling; a vertical disc seed metering device, which is sleeved on the central shaft; a seed box, which is fixedly mounted on the frame and connected to the vertical disc seed metering device through a pipeline to transport seeds into the vertical disc seed metering device; and a feed pipe, which is fixedly connected to and connected to the bottom of the vertical disc seed metering device to drop seeds into a soil pit.

8. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vertical disc seeding device comprises: a seeding device seat, fixedly mounted on the frame; a seeding device cover, fixedly mounted on the seeding device seat; a partition plate, arranged in the cavity formed by the seeding device seat and the seeding device cover and dividing the cavity into a seeding cavity and a feeding cavity; a seed guide wheel, located in the cavity and sleeved with the central shaft, and provided with a plurality of feeding grooves; a seed taking disc, fixedly mounted on the guide wheel and located in the seeding cavity, and provided with a plurality of a seed taking tooth; a brush fixedly mounted on the seed meter cover and cooperating with the seed taking teeth of the seed taking disc; a seed meter door mounted on the seed meter cover; a seed meter opening fixedly connected to the seed meter seat and connected to the feeding cavity; a notch is provided on the partition plate to connect the seed taking teeth of the seed taking disc and the feeding trough of the seed guide wheel, and the central axis is rotated by the motor, and the seed taking disc takes a certain number of seeds each time it rotates upward through the seed taking teeth, enters the feeding trough of the seed guide wheel, and flows out from the seed meter opening.

9. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support assembly includes: two upper support rods, one end of which is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame; two lower support rods, one end of which is movably connected to the upper support rod through a connecting rod; a connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the upper support rod and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the lower support rod; the leveling wheel is fixedly installed between the two lower support rods through a bearing seat, and a supporting spring is sleeved on the connecting rod.

10. The stirring, fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the soil cover corresponds to the position of the feed opening of the sowing device, and the position of the furrow opener corresponds to the position of the feed opening of the fertilizer discharge device.

Images