Cultivation method for improving disease resistance of cubilose fruits

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation method for improving disease resistance of cubilose fruits, which comprises the following steps: (1) turning planting soil, uniformly mixing a planting matrix with the soil, standing for one month, and ridging; (2) healthy cubilose fruit grafted seedlings are transplanted and fixed, and root fixing water is poured; (3) within 2 months after the cubilose fruit grafted seedlings are transplanted, spraying the diluted bacterial liquid once every 14-15 days; after three months of planting, when fruits are ripe, diluted bacterial liquid water is sprayed once every 30-35 days; compound bacterial fertilizer is applied to the soil every three months, and fertilization is stopped when the fruit swelling period is reached. According to the method, the planting matrix and the soil are compounded, meanwhile, the bacterial liquid water is sprayed and the compound bacterial fertilizer is applied in the growth process of the cubilose fruits, through triple effects, breeding and growth of beneficial microorganisms in root systems of the cubilose fruits can be effectively improved, invasion of harmful bacteria can be resisted, nutrient absorption of the cubilose fruits is promoted, and growth of the cubilose fruits is promoted; therefore, the cubilose fruit cultivation yield and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bird's nest fruit planting, and in particular to a cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit. Background Art

[0002] Bird's nest fruit is also called Qilin fruit. It contains plant albumin and anthocyanins that are rare in general plants, rich in vitamins and water-soluble dietary fiber, rich in nutrition and unique functions. Bird's nest fruit is native to Ecuador and Colombia in Central America and belongs to the genus Hylocereus of the Cactaceae family. Bird's nest fruit has been introduced to my country for cultivation for a short time. It is only cultivated on a small scale in Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places. The cultivation technology of bird's nest fruit is not yet mature. Bird's nest fruit is a tropical fruit with slow growth and low yield. In the process of planting bird's nest fruit in Hainan, it was found that pests and diseases would have a serious impact on the yield and quality of bird's nest fruit. Ulcer disease is one of the most important diseases of bird's nest fruit. Ulcer disease is prone to occur under conditions of high temperature, high humidity and heavy rain, especially after typhoons, it is more likely to break out on a large scale. The disease may occur at all stages of the growth of bird's nest fruit, mainly harming the stems and fruits of bird's nest fruit. The ulcer disease mainly harms the stems and leaves in the early stage. After the stems and leaves are infected, the fruit is easily infected. Excessive moisture in the soil, untimely drainage, and insect bites will also aggravate the occurrence of ulcer disease. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of ulcer disease on the cultivation process of bird's nest fruit, various prevention and control measures have been taken at various stages of the growth of bird's nest fruit, but none of them are very ideal. Therefore, it is necessary to find an efficient cultivation method to improve the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit to reduce the impact of bird's nest fruit resistance to diseases such as ulcer disease, thereby improving its cultivation yield and quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0005] A cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Pre-treating the planting soil: turning over the planting soil, then mixing the planting matrix with the soil, and forming ridges after standing for one month; the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-41 parts of tea bran, 22-27 parts of corn stalks, 16-24 parts of humic acid, 7-11 parts of wormwood, 9-13 parts of betel nut shells, 15-18 parts of vermiculite, and 10-12 parts of bacterial powder;

[0007] (ii) Transplantation of grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings: Transplant and fix the healthy grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings in March and April, cover them with soil 4 to 6 cm thick, and then water them to make sure the roots are fully irrigated;

[0008] (III) Field management: within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, spray them with diluted bacterial liquid water at a rate of 40-50 kg / mu every 14-15 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, spray them with diluted bacterial liquid water at a rate of 15-20 kg / mu every 30-35 days; apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the soil every 3 months, and stop fertilizing when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-11 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 8-11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5-7 parts of chitosan, 10-12 parts of Tween 80, 8-12 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, and 90-100 parts of water.

[0009] Furthermore, the tillage depth is 50-60 cm; the volume ratio of the planting matrix to the soil is (3-4):1.

[0010] Furthermore, the ridge width is 2-2.5m, the ridge height is 50-60cm, and drainage ditches are dug between the ridges, with a width of 0.5-0.8m and a depth of 0.3-0.4m.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings is 20 to 25 cm; the bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings are planted in a rack-like manner, and the spacing between plants is 45 to 50 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the bacterial powder includes Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus natto in a mass ratio of (2-3):1.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the planting matrix is: tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood, and betel nut shells are dried and then subjected to high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment, then carbonized with vermiculite, then crushed, and finally mixed with bacterial powder to obtain the planting matrix.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment process is: maintaining the pressure for 10 to 12 minutes at a pressure of 15 to 18 MPa and a temperature of 50 to 60° C., and then instantly releasing the pressure to complete the high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment; the carbonization is carried out at a temperature of 600 to 800° C. for 3 to 5 hours.

[0015] Furthermore, the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of chitosan, 12 parts of Tween 80, 10 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, and 90 parts of water.

[0016] Furthermore, the composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 5-8 parts of Bacillus natto, 5-8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 20-25 parts of potassium humate, 6-9 parts of itaconic anhydride, 3-5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4-8 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 3-5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 150-180 parts of organic fertilizer.

[0017] Furthermore, the composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 7 parts of Bacillus natto, 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 25 parts of potassium humate, 7 parts of itaconic anhydride, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 180 parts of organic fertilizer.

[0018] Furthermore, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 200 to 300 times with water when used.

[0019] Furthermore, the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing cow dung, sheep dung and peanut bran in a mass ratio of 1:2:1 and then fermenting them.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention uses a planting matrix and soil to form a composite, and at the same time sprays bacterial liquid water and applies composite bacterial fertilizer during the growth process of the bird's nest fruit. Through the triple action, the reproduction and growth of beneficial microorganisms in the root system of the bird's nest fruit can be effectively improved to resist the invasion of harmful bacteria, and an effective protective film can be formed in the stems and leaves to reduce the infection of ulcer bacteria to the bird's nest fruit. At the same time, it can also promote the bird's nest fruit to absorb nutrients, promote its growth, and improve disease resistance, thereby improving the cultivation yield and quality of the bird's nest fruit.

[0022] In the planting matrix of the present invention, tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood and betel nut shells are used as raw materials, which are subjected to high-pressure puffing treatment under specific process conditions and then subjected to vermiculite carbonization treatment, so that a carbonized material with stable porosity can be obtained, the bacteria in the bacterial powder can be fixed, and the permeability of the soil can also be changed, so as to promote the rooting of bird's nest fruit and the absorption of nutrients for growth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0026] The Trichoderma harzianum of the present invention is purchased from Jining Yuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the effective viable bacteria count is ≥10 billion / gram.

[0027] The natto Bacillus subtilis of the present invention is purchased from Guangzhou Weiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the effective viable bacteria count is ≥20 billion / gram.

[0028] The Bacillus subtilis of the present invention is purchased from Shandong Kemeisi Chemical Trading Co., Ltd., and the effective live bacteria count is ≥20 billion / gram.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit comprises the following steps:

[0031] (i) Pre-treating the planting soil: turning the soil to a depth of 50 cm, then mixing the planting matrix with the soil, with a volume ratio of the planting matrix to the soil of 4:1, standing for one month, and then forming ridges, with a ridge width of 2 m and a ridge height of 60 cm, and digging drainage ditches between the ridges, with a ditch width of 0.5 m and a ditch depth of 0.4 m; the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of tea bran, 25 parts of corn stalks, 16 parts of humic acid, 11 parts of wormwood, 11 parts of betel nut shells, 18 parts of vermiculite, and 11 parts of bacterial powder; the bacterial powder comprises Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus natto in a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0032] (ii) Transplantation of bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings: Transplant and fix the healthy bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings with a length of 25 cm in March. The bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings are planted in a rack-like manner, with a plant spacing of 45 cm and a soil thickness of 4 cm. Then water the roots to ensure that the soil is thoroughly irrigated;

[0033] (III) Field management: Within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, the bacterial liquid water is mixed with water and diluted 200 times, and then sprayed at 50 kg / mu every 14 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, the bacterial liquid water is mixed with water and diluted 200 times, and then sprayed at 20 kg / mu every 35 days; every 3 months, compound bacterial fertilizer is applied to the soil at an application rate of 15 kg / mu, and fertilization is stopped when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 7 parts of chitosan, and 80 parts of Tween 80 10 parts, 12 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 100 parts of water; the composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 8 parts of Bacillus natto, 5 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 23 parts of potassium humate, 9 parts of itaconic anhydride, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 3 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 160 parts of organic fertilizer;

[0034] The preparation method of the planting matrix is ​​as follows: after drying tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood and betel nut shells, the pressure is maintained at 18 MPa and 60° C. for 10 minutes, and then the pressure is instantly released to complete high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment, and then all the high-pressure puffed raw materials and vermiculite are carbonized at 800° C. for 3 hours, and then crushed, and finally mixed with bacterial powder to obtain the planting matrix.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit comprises the following steps:

[0037] (i) Pre-treating the planting soil: turning the soil to a depth of 55 cm, then mixing the planting matrix with the soil, with a volume ratio of the planting matrix to the soil of 3:1, standing for one month, and then forming ridges, with a ridge width of 2.5 m and a ridge height of 50 cm, and digging drainage ditches between the ridges, with a ditch width of 0.8 m and a ditch depth of 0.4 m; the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of tea bran, 22 parts of corn stalks, 24 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of wormwood, 13 parts of betel nut shells, 15 parts of vermiculite, and 12 parts of bacterial powder; the bacterial powder comprises Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus natto in a mass ratio of 3:1;

[0038] (ii) Transplantation of bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings: Transplant and fix the healthy bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings with a length of 20 cm in April. The bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings are planted in a rack-like manner, with a spacing of 50 cm between plants and a soil thickness of 6 cm. Then water the roots to ensure that the soil is thoroughly irrigated.

[0039] (III) Field management: within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 250 times with water every 15 days and then sprayed at 45 kg / mu; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 250 times with water every 30 days and then sprayed at 15 kg / mu; every 3 months, compound bacterial fertilizer is applied to the soil at an application rate of 15 kg / mu, and fertilization is stopped when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 6 parts of chitosan, and 10 parts of Tween 80. 11 parts, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 100 parts of water; the composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 5 parts of Bacillus natto, 7 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of potassium humate, 6 parts of itaconic anhydride, 4 parts of polyglutamic acid, 8 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 4 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 150 parts of organic fertilizer;

[0040] The preparation method of the planting matrix is ​​as follows: after drying tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood and betel nut shells, the pressure is maintained at 15 MPa and 50° C. for 12 minutes, and then the pressure is instantly released to complete high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment, and then all the high-pressure puffed raw materials and vermiculite are carbonized at 600° C. for 5 hours, and then crushed, and finally mixed with bacterial powder to obtain the planting matrix.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit comprises the following steps:

[0043] (i) Pre-treating the planting soil: turning the soil to a depth of 60 cm, then mixing the planting matrix with the soil, with a volume ratio of the planting matrix to the soil of 4:1, standing for one month, and then forming ridges, with a ridge width of 2.5 m and a ridge height of 50 cm, and digging drainage ditches between the ridges, with a ditch width of 0.6 m and a ditch depth of 0.3 m; the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 41 parts of tea bran, 27 parts of corn stalks, 20 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of wormwood, 9 parts of betel nut shells, 16 parts of vermiculite, and 10 parts of bacterial powder; the bacterial powder comprises Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus natto in a mass ratio of 3:1;

[0044] (ii) Transplantation of bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings: Transplant and fix the healthy bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings with a length of 23 cm in March. The bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings are planted in a rack-like manner, with a plant spacing of 45 cm and a soil thickness of 5 cm. Then water the roots to ensure that the soil is thoroughly irrigated;

[0045] (III) Field management: Within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 300 times with water and then sprayed at 40 kg / mu every 14 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 300 times with water and then sprayed at 18 kg / mu every 32 days; every 3 months, compound bacterial fertilizer is applied to the soil at an application rate of 15 kg / mu, and fertilization is stopped when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of Tween 80 12 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate 10 parts, water 90 parts; the composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 7 parts of Bacillus natto, 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 25 parts of potassium humate, 7 parts of itaconic anhydride, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 180 parts of organic fertilizer;

[0046] The preparation method of the planting matrix is ​​as follows: after drying tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood and betel nut shells, the pressure is maintained at 16 MPa and 55° C. for 11 minutes, and then the pressure is instantly released to complete high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment, and then all the high-pressure puffed raw materials and vermiculite are carbonized at 700° C. for 4 hours, and then crushed, and finally mixed with bacterial powder to obtain the planting matrix.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when turning over the planting soil in step (i), no planting matrix is ​​added, and the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0049] The step (1) of this comparative example is as follows:

[0050] (1) Pre-treat the planting soil: Turn the soil over to a depth of 60 cm, and then form ridges after leaving it alone for one month.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (iii), bacterial liquid water is not sprayed, but pure water is sprayed, and the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0053] The step (three) of this comparative example is as follows:

[0054] (III) Field management: within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, spray them with water at 40 kg / mu every 14 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, spray them with water at 18 kg / mu every 32 days; apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the soil every 3 months, the application rate of which is 15 kg / mu, and stop fertilizing when the fruit expands; the compound bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 7 parts of Bacillus natto, 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 25 parts of potassium humate, 7 parts of itaconic anhydride, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 180 parts of organic fertilizer.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (iii), the composite bacterial fertilizer is replaced with organic fertilizer (the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing cow dung, sheep dung, and peanut bran in a mass ratio of 1:2:1 and then fermenting), and the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0057] The step (three) of this comparative example is as follows:

[0058] (III) Field management: Within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 300 times with water and then sprayed at 40 kg / mu every 14 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, the bacterial liquid water is diluted 300 times with water and then sprayed at 18 kg / mu every 32 days; organic fertilizer is applied to the soil every 3 months at an application rate of 15 kg / mu, and fertilization is stopped when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of chitosan, 12 parts of Tween 80, 10 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, and 90 parts of water.

[0059] The bird's nest fruit cultivation experiment was carried out in accordance with the above-mentioned embodiments 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3. Each group of embodiments 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 was cultivated for 2 mu respectively. The healthy plant rate (the standard for the statistics of healthy bird's nest fruit plants: plants with uniform green color on the stems, no disease spots, no rot, and healthy fruits without disease spots and rot) after the first bird's nest fruit ripened and harvested was counted, the per mu yield, and the edible rate of the fruit were counted. The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0060] Healthy plant rate (%) = number of healthy plants / total number of planted plants × 100%;

[0061] Edible rate of fruit (%) = weight of edible part of fruit / total weight of fruit × 100%.

[0062] Table 1 Bird's nest fruit cultivation test

[0063]

[0064] The above results show that the cultivation methods of Examples 1-3 of the present invention can reduce the number of diseased plants during the cultivation of bird's nest fruit, improve its disease resistance, and thus increase its per mu yield, reaching 1064-1128 kg / mu, and the fruit rate is 89.35-90.46%. Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 1 did not add the planting matrix before the start of planting, which made it difficult for the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings to obtain good nutrients in the early stage, and failed to form an effective bacterial layer protection in the soil layer, resulting in the early bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings being prone to disease and a reduction in healthy plants. Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 2 did not spray bacterial liquid water during cultivation, so that the stems, leaves, and fruits were more seriously infected by pathogens such as ulcers, thereby increasing the number of diseased bird's nest fruit plants and affecting the per mu yield and fruit quality. Compared with Example 3, in Comparative Example 3, no composite bacterial fertilizer was applied during cultivation, and the beneficial microorganisms contained in the root system of the bird's nest fruit were less, making it difficult to resist the invasion of harmful bacteria, and it was difficult for the bird's nest fruit to absorb nutrients, thereby increasing the probability of disease, and at the same time, the yield of the bird's nest fruit also decreased, which also affected the quality of the bird's nest fruit. In summary, the present invention can effectively improve the disease resistance of the bird's nest fruit and promote its growth through the triple action of using a planting matrix, spraying bacterial liquid water, and applying a composite bacterial fertilizer, thereby improving the yield and quality of the bird's nest fruit cultivation.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pre-treating the planting soil: turning over the planting soil, then mixing the planting matrix with the soil, and forming ridges after standing for one month; the planting matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-41 parts of tea bran, 22-27 parts of corn stalks, 16-24 parts of humic acid, 7-11 parts of wormwood, 9-13 parts of betel nut shells, 15-18 parts of vermiculite, and 10-12 parts of bacterial powder; (ii) Transplantation of grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings: Transplant and fix the healthy grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings in March and April, cover them with soil 4 to 6 cm thick, and then water them to make sure the roots are fully irrigated; (III) Field management: within 2 months after transplanting the grafted bird's nest fruit seedlings, spray them with diluted bacterial liquid water at a rate of 40-50 kg / mu every 14-15 days; 3 months after planting until the fruit matures, spray them with diluted bacterial liquid water at a rate of 15-20 kg / mu every 30-35 days; apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the soil every 3 months, and stop fertilizing when the fruit expands; the bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-11 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 8-11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5-7 parts of chitosan, 10-12 parts of Tween 80, 8-12 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, and 90-100 parts of water.

2. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning depth is 50-60 cm; the volume ratio of the planting matrix to the soil is (3-4):

1.

3. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge width is 2-2.5m and the ridge height is 50-60cm. Drainage ditches are dug between the ridges with a width of 0.5-0.8m and a depth of 0.3-0.4m.

4. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings is 20 to 25 cm; the bird's nest fruit grafted seedlings are planted in a rack-like manner, and the planting distance between plants is 45 to 50 cm.

5. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial powder comprises Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus natto in a mass ratio of (2-3):

1.

6. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the planting matrix comprises the following steps: drying tea bran, corn stalks, wormwood and betel nut shells, subjecting them to high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment, carbonizing them with vermiculite, crushing them, and finally mixing them with bacterial powder to obtain the planting matrix.

7. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment process is: maintaining the pressure for 10 to 12 minutes at a pressure of 15 to 18 MPa and a temperature of 50 to 60° C., and then instantly releasing the pressure to complete the high-pressure instantaneous puffing treatment; the carbonization is carried out at a temperature of 600 to 800° C. for 3 to 5 hours.

8. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial liquid water is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 11 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of chitosan, 12 parts of Tween 80, 10 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, and 90 parts of water.

9. The cultivation method for improving the disease resistance of bird's nest fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 5-8 parts of Bacillus natto, 5-8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 20-25 parts of potassium humate, 6-9 parts of itaconic anhydride, 3-5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4-8 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 3-5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 150-180 parts of organic fertilizer.

10. The method for cultivating bird's nest fruit to improve disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 7 parts of Bacillus natto, 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 25 parts of potassium humate, 7 parts of itaconic anhydride, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 4 parts of seaweed polysaccharide, 5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, and 180 parts of organic fertilizer.

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