Method for accelerating alfalfa breeding period in plant factory

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for accelerating the breeding period of alfalfa in a plant factory, which comprises the following steps: planting alfalfa seeds in seedling raising hole trays, transferring alfalfa seedlings into flowerpots after seedling raising of the alfalfa seeds is finished, irrigating 1-2L of 25-100% Hoagland nutrient solution or 1-2L of 25-100% garden test nutrient solution into each seedling raising hole tray before sowing, and then irrigating the seedlings into the flowerpot; after sowing, 1 L of 75% Hoagland nutrient solution or 0.5-1 L of 75% double garden test nutrient solution is watered every 5-7 days, a full-spectrum LED lamp tube is used for illuminating seedling raising hole trays for 8-22 h / d, and the result shows that under the full-spectrum LED light source, the alfalfa rapid breeding and cultivation conditions are that the light intensity is 250 [mu] mol.m <-2 >. S <-1 >, the light period is 22 h / d, the nutrient solution is the 75% double garden test nutrient solution, the light intensity is 250 [mu] mol.m <-2 >. S <-1 >, the light period is 22 h / d, and the light intensity is 250 [mu] mol.m <-2 >. S <-1 >. And the flowering time of the medicago sativa at different autumn sleep levels under the optimized condition is shortened, so that the method has wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alfalfa breeding, in particular to a method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory. Background Art

[0002] Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a perennial leguminous forage grass with a long cultivation history, large planting area, wide distribution and high utilization value. In recent years, with the adjustment of animal husbandry and agricultural supply structure, the gap between my country's current alfalfa production and market demand has increased year by year. In addition, there are few types of alfalfa varieties currently cultivated in my country, and the domestic alfalfa yield is relatively low, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale planting, limiting the planting and production of alfalfa.

[0003] Most of the tissue culture rapid propagation methods of alfalfa use sterile seeds as explants, which involve multiple steps, including callus induction, bud induction, root induction, etc. Each step requires precise control of culture conditions, such as temperature, light, nutrient solution composition, etc., to ensure the success rate. These technologies are demanding and require professional knowledge and skills, which increases the difficulty of operation for the general public. Therefore, building a suitable and efficient breeding technology system and accelerating the breeding process of alfalfa in my country are of great significance for the sustainable development of my country's grassland animal husbandry and agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Planting preparation: soak the alfalfa seeds in water for 4 hours before sowing, and plant the alfalfa seeds in the plant culture room;

[0007] Step 2, sowing, planting alfalfa seeds in seedling trays, transferring alfalfa seedlings into flower pots after the alfalfa seed seedlings are completed, watering each seedling tray with 1-2L 25-100% Hogland nutrient solution or 1-2L 25-100% garden test nutrient solution before sowing, and watering with 1L 75% Hogland nutrient solution or 0.5-1L 75% garden test nutrient solution every 5-7 days after sowing;

[0008] Step 3: Lighting: Use full-spectrum LED lamps and set the light intensity to 150-300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , provide light exposure for alfalfa seedlings for 8-22h / d.

[0009] Step 3: The temperature of the plant cultivation room is 23-25°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, and the relative humidity is 50%-65%. The seedling medium is vermiculite.

[0010] Furthermore, 0.5L of 75% garden test nutrient solution was poured every 5 days after sowing. The light intensity was 150-300μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , the seedling tray is illuminated for 22h / d.

[0011] Furthermore, the seedling tray is a 32-hole seedling tray with specifications of an upper diameter of 6 cm, a lower bottom diameter of 3 cm, and a height of 5 cm. After sowing, the seedling tray is placed in a non-porous flat plate and placed on a seedling rack. The non-porous flat plate has specifications of 54 cm×28 cm×5 cm.

[0012] Further, the 10-day-old seedlings were transplanted into pots, placed in trays and placed on seedling racks. The pots had an outer diameter of 21 cm, an inner diameter of 17.7 cm, a bottom diameter of 1.4 cm and a height of 12 cm. The pots were placed on a tray with an outer diameter of 17.5 cm, an inner diameter of 15 cm and a height of 3 cm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: optimizing and screening the light intensity, photoperiod, and nutrient solution conditions for rapid breeding of alfalfa under a full-spectrum LED light source, and studying the applicability of the optimized conditions. The results show that the cultivation conditions for rapid breeding of alfalfa under a full-spectrum LED light source are a light intensity of 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , photoperiod 22h / d, nutrient solution 75% garden test nutrient solution, and the flowering time of alfalfa at different fall dormancy levels under this optimized condition was shortened, which has wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the spectrum distribution of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the effect of the rapid breeding of the present invention on the growth period of alfalfa with different fall dormancy levels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example:

[0018] See also Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory;

[0019] 1. Experimental Design

[0020] The cultivation is carried out in a plant cultivation room with a daytime temperature of 23-25°C, a nighttime temperature of 18-20°C, and a relative humidity of 50%-65%. The seedling medium is vermiculite. Soak the seeds in water for 4 hours before sowing, and the sowing depth is 1 cm.

[0021] Water once before sowing with 75% garden test nutrient solution, and once every 7 days after sowing with 75% garden test nutrient solution. The light intensity was set to 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0022] 1. The photoperiod is 22h / d, and the initial flowering period is reached in 37 days.

[0023] 1.1 Light intensity test processing

[0024] Each layer of the planting rack is equipped with 6 full-spectrum LED tubes (ZK-TB18-GE02 / C, Zhongke Sanan, spectral distribution see ( Figure 1 ), and four light intensity treatments were set up in the experiment: photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was 150, 200, 250, and 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The switch is automatically controlled by an electronic timing converter (GND-1, Bull brand product), the photoperiod is long light 16h / d (16L / 8D), and it is surrounded by blackout cloth.

[0025] The specifications of the 32-hole seedling tray are 6cm (upper diameter) × 3cm (lower bottom diameter) × 5cm (height), and the specifications of the non-porous flat tray are 54cm × 28cm × 5cm. The seedling tray after sowing is placed in a non-porous flat tray and placed on the seedling rack. Each layer of 4 seedling trays is a treatment with 4 replicates, and 1 seedling is planted in each hole, for a total of 4 layers. Before sowing, each seedling tray is irrigated with 2L 0.5 times Hoagland formula nutrient solution, and 1L 0.5 times Hoagland formula nutrient solution is supplemented every 5 days after sowing. The seedlings are harvested 25 days after sowing and the physiological growth indicators are measured.

[0026] 1.2 Nutrient solution test treatment

[0027] Six full-spectrum LED tubes were installed on each layer of the planting rack, and the light intensity was set to 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1, the photoperiod is long light 16h / d, and the switch is automatically controlled by an electronic timer converter. The specifications of the 32-hole seedling tray are the same as the light intensity test. The seedling tray is placed on the seedling rack. Each layer of 4 seedling trays is 1 treatment with 4 replicates. One seedling is planted in each hole, for a total of 8 layers.

[0028] The experiment set up 2 kinds of nutrient solution formulas (Table 1) and 4 concentration gradients: before sowing, each seedling tray was irrigated with 2L of nutrient solution of different concentrations and formulas (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% Hogland, Garden Test (Japanese Garden Testformula) nutrient solution), and 1L of nutrient solution of corresponding concentration and formula was added every 5 days after sowing. The seedlings were harvested 25 days after sowing and the physiological growth indicators were measured.

[0029] Table 1 Macronutrient formula in nutrient solution

[0030]

[0031] Note: The trace element formula of Hogland and Yuanshi is 20 mg / L sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate NaFe-EDTA, 2.86 mg / L boric acid H3BO3, 2.13 mg / L manganese sulfate tetrahydrate MnSO4·4H20, 0.22 mg / L zinc sulfate heptahydrate ZnS04·7H20, 0.08 mg / L copper sulfate pentahydrate CuSO4·5H2O and ammonium heptamolybdate (NH4)6Mo7O 12 0.02mg / L.

[0032] 1.3 Photoperiod test treatment

[0033] Each layer of the planting rack is equipped with 12 full-spectrum LED tubes, and the light intensity is set to 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The switch is automatically controlled by an electronic timer converter and surrounded by shade cloth. Four photoperiod treatments were set up in the experiment: short light 8h / d (8L / 16D, treatment period is 14:00-22:00), medium light 13h / d (13L / 11D, treatment period is 9:00-22:00), long light 16h / d (16L / 8D, treatment period is 6:00-22:00), rapid breeding light 22h / d (22L / 2D, treatment period is 0:00-22:00), and the flower pot position is changed after the light ends every day. The plants were harvested 45 days after sowing to measure the biomass, and the flowering time of the samples was recorded.

[0034] Transplant the 10-day-old seedlings into pots, place them in trays and place them on seedling racks. The specifications of the pots are 21 cm in outer diameter, 17.7 cm (inner diameter) × 11.4 cm (bottom diameter) × 12 cm (height); the outer diameter of the tray is 17.5 cm, 15 cm (inner diameter) × 3 cm (height); 2 medium-speed filter papers are placed at the bottom of each pot. Each layer of 12 pots is a treatment with 12 replicates, and 1 seedling is planted in each pot, for a total of 4 layers. Each pot is watered with 1L of 75% garden test nutrient solution before sowing, and 500mL of 75% garden test nutrient solution is watered every 7 days after sowing.

[0035] 1.4 Verification of rapid breeding in experimental materials of different fall dormancy levels

[0036] The photoperiod was 22h / d for rapid breeding. The flowerpots were changed after the light ended every day, and the flowering time of the samples was recorded. The flowerpot specifications were the same as the photoperiod test. Each layer of 12 flowerpots was used for one variety comparison treatment with 12 replicates. One seedling was planted in each flowerpot, for a total of 4 layers. The flowering time of the samples was recorded, and the planting rack device and nutrient solution supply were the same as the photoperiod test.

[0037] 2. Results

[0038] 2.1 Effects of different light intensities on the biomass of alfalfa seedlings

[0039] As shown in Table 2, with the increase of light intensity, the aboveground fresh and dry weight, underground fresh and dry weight and plant height of alfalfa seedlings showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. -2 ·s -1 The highest value was reached under treatment;

[0040] Compared with other light intensities, the aboveground fresh and dry weight and plant height increased significantly by 10.26%-258.33%, 18.83%-123.17%, and 14.98%-53.60%, respectively, indicating that 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity can significantly promote the growth of plants and accumulate nutrients.

[0041] Table 2 Effects of different light intensities on the biomass of alfalfa seedlings

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05), the same below.

[0045] 2.2 Effects of different nutrient solution formulations and concentrations on the biomass of alfalfa seedlings

[0046] As shown in Table 3, under the two nutrient solution formulas, the aboveground dry fresh weight, underground dry fresh weight and plant height of alfalfa seedlings showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nutrient solution concentration, and both Hogland and Beyuan test nutrient solutions reached the highest value under the 75% concentration treatment. Among them, compared with the 75% Hogland nutrient solution treatment, the aboveground dry weight and underground dry fresh weight under the 75% Beyuan test nutrient solution treatment were significantly increased by 15.63%, 28.57% and 32.50%.

[0047] Table 3. Effects of different nutrient solution formulas and concentrations on the biomass of alfalfa seedlings

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] 2.3 Effects of different photoperiods on alfalfa biomass

[0051] As shown in Table 4, with the extension of the photoperiod, the aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight and plant height of alfalfa seedlings all showed an upward trend. Compared with other treatments, the aboveground dry weight under the photoperiod of 22h / d was significantly increased by 36.46%-1771.43%.

[0052] Table 4. Effects of different photoperiods on the biomass of alfalfa seedlings

[0053]

[0054] 2.4 Effects of different photoperiods on flowering time of alfalfa

[0055] As shown in Table 5, the time taken for alfalfa to grow to the bud stage and the initial flowering stage under different photoperiods is significantly different, and as the photoperiod time increases, the time of each growth period is significantly shortened. Under the photoperiod of 22h / d, the time taken for alfalfa to grow to the bud stage and the initial flowering stage is the shortest, indicating that the photoperiod of 22h / d can accelerate the growth and development of plants.

[0056] Table 5. Effects of different photoperiods on the growth period of alfalfa

[0057] Photoperiod (h / d) Growth to budding stage (day) Bud stage-early flowering stage (day) Growth to early flowering stage (day) 8 - - - 13 48.50±5.24c 9.13±2.85c 57.63±4.90c 16 37.57±1.99b 8.86±3.89b 46.43±4.24b 22 29.40±2.01a 8.30±0.67a 37.70±2.00a

[0058] 2.5 Effect of rapid breeding on flowering time of alfalfa with different fall dormancy levels

[0059] Through the above three experiments, it was determined that the optimal light intensity for rapid breeding was 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1The best photoperiod was 22h / d, and the best nutrient solution was 75% garden test nutrient solution. Under these conditions, the flowering time of alfalfa with different fall dormancy levels was determined. The results showed that except for 'Sai Di 7Ⅱ' (FD7), the time taken for other alfalfa with fall dormancy levels to grow to the bud stage and the initial flowering stage under the rapid breeding conditions was not significantly different, and all reached the initial flowering stage at around 37 days (see Figure 2 ). However, the time taken by 'CaiDi7Ⅱ' alfalfa to grow to the budding stage under rapid breeding conditions was not significantly different from that of 'Zhongmu No. 1' (FD2), but the time taken by 'CaiDi7Ⅱ' alfalfa from the budding stage to the initial flowering stage was significantly longer than that of other treatments. This indicates that the optimized conditions can be applied to the rapid breeding of alfalfa with different fall dormancy levels.

[0060] 3. Conclusion

[0061] This example optimizes and screens the light intensity, photoperiod, and nutrient solution conditions for alfalfa rapid breeding under a full-spectrum LED light source, and studies the applicability of the optimized conditions. The test results show that the cultivation conditions for alfalfa rapid breeding under a full-spectrum LED light source are a light intensity of 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , photoperiod of 22h / d, nutrient solution of 75% garden test nutrient solution, and the flowering time of alfalfa at different fall dormancy levels was shortened under the optimized conditions, which has wide applicability.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Planting preparation: soak the alfalfa seeds in water for 4 hours before sowing, and plant the alfalfa seeds in the plant culture room; Step 2, sowing, planting alfalfa seeds in seedling trays, transferring the alfalfa seedlings into flower pots after the alfalfa seed seedlings are completed, watering each seedling tray with 1-2L, 25-100% Hogland nutrient solution or 1-2L, 25-100% garden test nutrient solution before sowing, and watering with 1L, 75% Hogland nutrient solution or 0.5-1L, 75% garden test nutrient solution every 5-7 days after sowing; Step 3: Lighting: Use full-spectrum LED lamps and set the light intensity to 150-300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , provide light exposure for alfalfa seedlings for 8-22h / d.

2. The method for accelerating the alfalfa breeding cycle in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature in the plant culture room is 23-25°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, with a relative humidity of 50%-65%, and the seedling medium is vermiculite.

3. The method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: After sowing, water with 0.5L of 75% Garden Test nutrient solution every 5 days.

4. The method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: Light intensity is 150-300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , the seedling tray is illuminated for 22h / d.

5. The method for accelerating the breeding cycle of alfalfa in a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling tray is a 32-hole seedling tray with specifications of 6cm upper diameter, 3cm lower bottom diameter and 5cm high. After sowing, the seedling tray is placed in a non-porous flat plate and placed on a seedling rack. The specifications of the non-porous flat plate are 54cm×28cm×5cm.

6. The method for accelerating the alfalfa breeding cycle in a plant factory according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specifications of the flower pot are outer diameter 21cm, inner diameter 17.7cm, bottom diameter 1.4cm, and height 12cm. The flower pot is placed on a tray with an outer diameter of 17.5cm, inner diameter of 15cm, and height of 3cm.

Images