Pre-deformation clamping system and workpiece machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-deformation clamping system and a workpiece machining method. The pre-deformation clamping system comprises a fixing module and a prestress applying module. The fixing module is used for fixing a fixed part of a workpiece; a plurality of prestress applying modules are arranged, and each prestress applying module is arranged as a clamping part for clamping a workpiece; wherein each prestress applying module is arranged to be capable of adjusting the vertical position of a clamped clamping part, so that prestress is applied to the workpiece, and the workpiece is pre-deformed. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the machining precision of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parts processing, and in particular to a pre-deformation clamping system and a workpiece processing method. Background Art

[0002] Many parts, such as aluminum alloy pre-stretched plates, which are commonly used to make load-bearing structural parts of helicopters, are usually integral frame beam structures with a wall thickness of less than 2 mm. They are typical thin-walled parts, and the processing deformation of thin-walled parts is a key issue that restricts the assembly accuracy and service performance of parts. Aluminum alloys are affected by quenching and other process processes during their production and manufacturing, and residual stress with self-balancing and non-uniform distribution is formed inside. In the processing of thin-walled parts, with the removal of a large amount of material, the initial equilibrium state of the residual stress of the blank is broken, and the internal stress is released and reaches a balanced state again, causing the parts to be deformed during processing. The parts do not meet the standards and need to be manually repaired by correction, or even directly scrapped. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a pre-deformation clamping system and a workpiece processing method to solve the problem of deformation of components caused by the release of internal stress during the processing of the current components.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a pre-deformation clamping system, comprising: a fixing module and a pre-stress applying module;

[0005] The fixing module is configured to fix a fixing portion of the workpiece;

[0006] The prestress applying modules are provided in plurality, and each prestress applying module is provided as a clamping position for clamping the workpiece;

[0007] Wherein, each prestress applying module is configured to be able to adjust the upper and lower positions of the clamped clamping parts, thereby applying prestress to the workpiece to cause the workpiece to be pre-deformed.

[0008] In one embodiment, it also includes a displacement detection device corresponding to each prestressing module, and the displacement detection device is configured to detect the displacement of the clamping part of the workpiece caused by the prestress applied by the prestressing module.

[0009] In one embodiment, the prestressing module includes a moving component and a driving mechanism for driving the moving component to move up and down, and the moving component is configured to clamp the clamping part;

[0010] The displacement detection device includes a sensor bracket and a displacement sensor mounted on the sensor bracket. The displacement sensor is configured as a contact sensor. The moving component includes a sensor contact piece. The detection head of the displacement sensor elastically contacts the sensor contact piece.

[0011] In one embodiment, the prestressing module includes a moving component and a driving device for driving the moving component to move up and down, and the moving component is configured to be able to clamp the workpiece;

[0012] Wherein, the driving device includes a lead screw, a lead screw nut installed on the lead screw, and a power application mechanism for driving the lead screw to rotate, and the moving component is fixed to the lead screw nut.

[0013] In one embodiment, the moving component includes a sleeve that is sleeved on the top of the screw and can move up and down relative to the screw, and a connecting column is provided on the sleeve. The clamping part of the workpiece is sleeved on the connecting column and locked on the connecting column by a locking component to achieve clamping.

[0014] In one embodiment, the power application mechanism includes a turbine connected to the lead screw, a worm matched with the turbine, and a handwheel driving the worm to rotate.

[0015] In one embodiment, three fixing modules are provided, and the three fixing modules fix three fixing positions of the workpiece respectively.

[0016] In one embodiment, a positioning column is provided on the fixing module, and the fixing part is sleeved on the positioning column and locked to the positioning column by a locking component to fix the fixing part.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application further provides a workpiece processing method, the method comprising: a prestress loading step and a subsequent processing step; wherein the prestress loading step comprises:

[0018] The workpiece is clamped by using the pre-deformation clamping system as described above; wherein the workpiece is firstly fixed by using the fixing module, and then the multiple clamping positions of the workpiece are respectively clamped by using the prestressing module;

[0019] According to the predicted deformation of the workpiece, the upper and lower positions of the clamping parts of the workpiece are adjusted by the prestress applying module, so as to apply prestress to the workpiece so that the workpiece generates pre-deformation in the same direction as the predicted deformation;

[0020] The post-processing step is a step of processing the workpiece after the prestress applying module applies prestress to the workpiece.

[0021] In one embodiment, the method further includes: a pre-processing step of processing the workpiece before the pre-stress loading step, and an aging treatment step of performing aging treatment on the workpiece after the pre-processing step and before the pre-stress loading step;

[0022] After the post-processing step, the method further comprises:

[0023] The clamping of the workpiece by the pre-deformation clamping system is released, and deformation detection is performed on the processed workpiece.

[0024] In the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the part of the workpiece fixed by the fixing module can be used as a processing reference. The workpiece is fixed by the fixing module to ensure that the processing reference of the entire processing process does not change during the processing. Then, according to the predicted deformation of the workpiece, the pre-deformation loading module can be used to adjust the multiple clamping parts of the workpiece up and down, and prestress is applied to the workpiece so that the workpiece produces a pre-deformation in the same direction as the predicted deformation. The workpiece is then processed. After the processing is completed and the fixture releases the workpiece, the pre-deformation of the workpiece rebounds. The rebound is opposite to the pre-deformation caused by the loading and the predicted deformation. In this way, the predicted deformation of the workpiece due to internal prestress can be corrected, and the actual deformation of the workpiece caused by its internal residual stress can be reduced, thereby effectively improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the schemes described in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pre-deformation clamping system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a prestressing module according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the prestressing module shown is in a disassembled state;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixing module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of fixing the base plate according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 10-fixed base plate; 101-first elongated groove; 102-second elongated groove; 20-prestressed application module; 201-mounting seat; 202-mounting shell; 203-worm; 204-turbine; 205-first bearing; 206-second bearing; 207-first end cover; 208-second end cover; 209-handwheel; 210-screw; 211-screw nut; 212-set; 2121-connecting column; 2122-boss; 2123-connecting flange; 213-sensor contact piece; 214-end cover; 215-third bearing; 216-fourth bearing; 217-sensor bracket; 218-displacement sensor; 30-fixed module; 301-base; 3011-connecting hole; 302-support column; 303-positioning column; 40-workpiece; 401-fixed part; 402-clamping part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the drawings and discussed in the specific embodiments, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with any other feature or element in any other embodiment, or may replace any other feature or element in any other embodiment.

[0035] The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in the present application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique invention scheme. Any features or elements of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other invention schemes to form another unique invention scheme. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in the present application may be implemented individually or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, except for the limitations made according to the attached claims and their equivalents, the embodiments are not subject to other restrictions. In addition, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of protection of the attached claims.

[0036] In addition, when describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and / or process as a specific sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the specific order of the steps described herein, the method or process should not be limited to the steps of the specific order described. As will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, other sequences of steps are also possible. Therefore, the specific sequence of the steps set forth in the specification should not be interpreted as a limitation to the claims. In addition, the claims for the method and / or process should not be limited to the steps of performing them in the order written, and those skilled in the art can easily understand that these sequences can be changed and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0037] During the processing of thin-walled parts, with the removal of a large amount of material, the initial equilibrium state of the residual stress of the blank is broken, the internal stress is released and reaches a new equilibrium state, resulting in processing deformation of the workpiece. In related technologies, the workpiece is clamped by traditional mechanical fastening methods such as pressure plates or vacuum suction cups. By evenly removing the amount at both ends of the blank, the deformation effect caused by the residual stress of the blank is made as symmetrical as possible to ensure that its deformation is within the allowable range. However, this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive and is greatly affected by the type and batch of materials, and cannot meet actual production requirements. At the same time, when the wall thickness of the workpiece is processed to a certain size, the stiffness of the entire workpiece becomes very small. Re-clamping the pressure plate or vacuum suction cup will introduce new clamping stress, resulting in secondary deformation of the workpiece. Therefore, adjustable fixture clamping technology is very important. There are also some flexible clamping technologies that use pneumatic or motor as the power source to achieve flexible clamping, but pneumatic devices have high requirements for air tightness, and the pneumatic clamping force is greatly affected by the air pressure, which has certain limitations; motor-driven flexible clamping devices have high requirements for control accuracy and cannot achieve precise follow-up. It is likely to introduce clamping stress during the re-clamping process, which also has certain disadvantages.

[0038] In order to solve the problem of workpiece deformation caused by residual stress inside parts, the embodiment of the present application provides a pre-deformation clamping system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a fixing module 30 and a prestressing module 20;

[0039] The fixing module 30 is configured to fix a fixing portion of the workpiece 40;

[0040] There are multiple prestress applying modules 20, and each prestress applying module 20 is configured to clamp a clamping position 402 of a workpiece 40;

[0041] Each prestressing module 20 is configured to be able to adjust the upper and lower positions of the clamping portion 402 to be clamped, thereby applying prestress to the workpiece 40 to cause the workpiece 40 to be pre-deformed.

[0042] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the part of the workpiece 40 fixed by the fixing module 30 can be used as a processing reference. The workpiece 40 is fixed by the fixing module 30 to determine that the processing reference of the entire processing process does not change during the processing. Then, based on the predicted deformation of the workpiece 40 (the predicted deformation is the predicted deformation of the workpiece 40 caused by the internal residual stress, and the predicted deformation can be obtained by simulation and other means), the pre-deformation loading module 20 is used to adjust the multiple clamping parts 402 of the workpiece 40 up and down, and prestress is applied to the workpiece 40 so that the workpiece produces a pre-deformation that is the same as the predicted deformation, that is, the prestress is a prestress in the same direction as the residual stress inside the workpiece, and then the workpiece 40 is processed. After the processing is completed, the pre-deformation loading module 20 releases the workpiece 40, and the pre-deformation of the workpiece 40 rebounds. The rebound is opposite to the pre-deformation caused by the loading and the predicted deformation. In this way, the predicted deformation that may occur in the workpiece due to the internal prestress can be corrected, and the actual deformation of the workpiece caused by its internal residual stress is reduced, thereby effectively improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0043] In one embodiment, the pre-deformation clamping system also includes a displacement detection device arranged corresponding to each prestress application module 20, and the displacement detection device is configured to detect the up and down displacement of the clamping part 402 of the workpiece 40 caused by the prestress applied by the prestress application module 20, that is, the deformation amount in the same direction as the predicted deformation amount of the workpiece generated after the workpiece 40 is subjected to the applied prestress.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the prestressing module 20 includes a moving component and a driving mechanism for driving the moving component to move up and down, and the moving component is configured as a clamping portion 402 for clamping a workpiece 40;

[0045] The displacement detection device includes a sensor bracket 217 and a displacement sensor 218 mounted on the sensor bracket 217. The displacement sensor 218 is configured as a contact sensor. The moving component includes a sensor contact 213. The detection head of the displacement sensor 218 elastically contacts the sensor contact 213. In the process of using the prestress application module 20 to adjust the clamping part 402 up and down, the displacement of the clamping part 402 can be obtained in real time through the displacement sensor 218. Specifically, the detection value before the prestress application module 20 applies prestress to the clamping part 402 and the detection value after the prestress application can be obtained through the displacement sensor 218, thereby obtaining the displacement of the clamping part 402. In an example, the measurement accuracy of the displacement sensor 218 can reach 0.01mm, and the sampling frequency is 1000HZ.

[0046] Figure 2 and Figure 3In the example shown, the prestressing module 20 includes a moving assembly and a driving device for driving the moving assembly to move up and down, and the moving assembly is configured to be capable of clamping a clamping portion 402 of a workpiece 40. The driving device includes a lead screw 210, a lead screw nut 211 mounted on the lead screw 210, and a power applying mechanism for driving the lead screw 210 to rotate, and the moving assembly is fixed to the lead screw nut 211, and the lead screw nut 211 drives the moving assembly and the clamping portion 402 clamped on the moving assembly to move up and down.

[0047] The moving assembly includes a sleeve 212 that is sleeved on the top of the lead screw 210 and can move up and down relative to the lead screw 210. The sleeve 212 is provided with a connecting column 2121. The clamping part 402 of the workpiece 40 is sleeved on the connecting column 2121 and is locked on the connecting column 2121 by a locking component to achieve clamping. The clamping part 402 can be a process boss with an opening provided on the workpiece 40.

[0048] In this example, the set 212 further includes a boss 2122 below the connecting column 2121, so as to support the clamping portion 402 sleeved on the connecting column 2121 through the boss 2122, wherein the connecting column 2121 may be provided with an external thread, so as to lock the clamping portion 402 on the connecting column 2121 through a nut. In addition, to facilitate the connection and fixation between the set 212 and the lead screw nut 211, the set clamp 212 may further include a connecting flange 2123 below the boss 2122, so as to be fixed to the lead screw nut 211 through the connecting flange 2123.

[0049] It is understandable that the way of clamping the clamping portion 402 of the workpiece is not limited to being sleeved on the connecting column 2121. For example, the moving component may be provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping portion 402 of the workpiece may be clamped by the clamping mechanism.

[0050] In one embodiment, the power applying mechanism for applying rotational power to the lead screw 210 includes a turbine 204 connected to the lead screw 210, a worm 203 matched with the turbine 204, and a handwheel 209 for driving the worm 203 to rotate. The rotation of the handwheel 209 can be converted into the axial movement of the lead screw 210 through the turbine-worm mechanism, thereby facilitating the structural arrangement of the prestressing applying module 20. Moreover, by providing the turbine-worm mechanism to apply power to the lead screw 210, self-locking can be achieved, that is, the lead screw 210 can only be driven by rotating the handwheel 209, and the lead screw 210 cannot be directly rotated.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3In the example shown, the prestressing application module 20 includes a mounting shell 202 and a mounting seat 201 located below the mounting shell 202. The mounting shell 202 includes a first shell portion 2021 and a second shell portion 2022 connected to each other. The first shell portion 2021 is provided with a transversely arranged worm 203 and a first bearing 205 and a second bearing 206 located at opposite ends of the worm 203. The first shell portion 2021 also has openings at both ends of the worm 203 in the axial direction to facilitate the installation of components. The openings at both ends are respectively provided with a first end cover 207 and a second end cover 208. The hand wheel 209 is connected to the worm 203 through the opening on the second end cover 208. A turbine 204 is arranged in the second housing portion 2022, and the worm gear 204 is fixed at the lower position of the vertically arranged screw 210. A third bearing 215 and a fourth bearing 216 are also arranged in the second housing portion 2022 at both ends of the turbine 204 in the axial direction. A top opening is arranged at the top of the second housing portion 2022, and an end cover 214 is arranged at the top opening. The screw 210 extends upward from the end cover 214, and the screw nut 211 is installed on the part of the screw 210 extending out of the end cover 214.

[0052] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the moving component connected to the screw nut 211 includes a set 212 and a sensor contact 213. The set 212 can be axially movably mounted on the top of the screw 210, and the connecting flange 2123 of the set 212 is connected to the screw nut 211. The sensor contact 213 is mounted on the set 212 and fixed to the screw nut 211 together with the connecting flange 2123. In the process of the sensor contact 213 moving with the screw nut 211, the displacement sensor 218 always contacts the sensor 213, so that the displacement of the clamping part 402 of the workpiece can be detected in real time.

[0053] In this example, the range of up and down movement of the moving component driven by the lead screw nut 211 is 10 mm, and the movement range of 10 mm can fully meet the requirements for workpiece deformation correction.

[0054] In one embodiment, three fixing modules 30 are provided, and the three fixing modules 30 respectively fix three fixing parts 401 of the workpiece 40. Three points determine a plane, so the three fixing parts 401 can form a reference plane, which is used as a processing reference, and the pre-deformation of the workpiece 40 after the prestress is loaded can be obtained by using the reference plane as a reference.

[0055] like Figure 4In the example shown, the fixing module 30 is provided with a positioning column 303, and the fixing part 401 is sleeved on the positioning column 303 and locked to the positioning column 303 by a locking member (such as a locking nut) to fix the fixing part 401. Of course, the fixing module 30 can also adopt other methods to position or fix the workpiece, such as clamping. Moreover, the fixing modules 30 are not limited to three, as long as the predetermined part of the workpiece can be fixed so that the workpiece has a processing reference.

[0056] The fixing module 30 also includes a support column 302 arranged below the positioning column 303. The support column 302 and the positioning column 303 form a step structure for supporting the fixing part 401 of the workpiece. A base 301 is arranged below the support column 302, and a connecting hole 3011 for installing the fixing module 30 is arranged on the base 301.

[0057] In one embodiment, the pre-deformation clamping system may further include a fixed base plate 10, and the prestressing module 20 and the fixing module 30 are both fixed to the fixed base plate 10. By setting the fixed base 10, multiple prestressing modules 20 and the fixing modules 30 can be installed on the same horizontal plane. Of course, it can be understood that the prestressing module 20 and the fixing module 30 are both fixed to the fixed base plate 10 and can also be directly installed on a processing platform, such as a machine tool.

[0058] Figure 5 In the example shown, a plurality of first elongated grooves 101 and a plurality of second elongated grooves 102 are provided on the fixed base plate 10, and the length direction of the first elongated grooves 101 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second elongated grooves 102; wherein the prestressing application module 20 and the fixing module 30 are fixed to the fixed base plate 10 by bolts passing through the corresponding first elongated grooves 101, and the fixed base plate 10 is fixed to a processing platform, such as a machine tool, by bolts passing through the second elongated grooves 102.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application also provides a workpiece processing method, the method comprising: a prestress loading step and a post-processing step; wherein,

[0060] The prestressing loading step comprises:

[0061] The workpiece 40 is clamped by the pre-deformation clamping system as described above; wherein the workpiece 40 is firstly fixed by the fixing module 30, and then the multiple clamping locations 402 of the workpiece 40 are respectively clamped by the pre-stress applying module 20;

[0062] According to the predicted deformation of the workpiece 40, the prestress applying module 20 is used to adjust the upper and lower positions of the clamping part 402 of the workpiece 40, so as to apply prestress to the workpiece 40 so that the workpiece 40 generates pre-deformation in the same direction as the predicted deformation. In this way, after the prestress applying module 20 releases the workpiece 40, the workpiece 40 will rebound in the opposite direction to the predicted deformation, so that the predicted deformation that may occur in the workpiece due to the internal prestress can be corrected, and the actual deformation of the workpiece can be reduced, thereby facilitating the improvement of the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0063] Among them, a reference plane can be defined, for example, the plane defined by the three fixed parts 401 of the workpiece 40 is used as the reference plane, and the pre-deformation generated by each part of the workpiece under the action of the applied prestress is measured. The pre-deformation can be roughly the same as the predicted deformation of the corresponding position.

[0064] The post-processing step is a step of processing the workpiece after the prestress applying module 20 applies prestress to the workpiece 40 .

[0065] The method further comprises: a pre-processing step of processing the workpiece before the pre-stress loading step, and an aging treatment step of processing the workpiece after the pre-processing step and before the pre-stress loading step.

[0066] Since the internal residual stress of the workpiece 40 will be redistributed after the previous processing, the aging treatment can make the internal residual stress of the workpiece 40 reach a new balance after the previous processing. However, after the aging treatment, the internal residual stress of the workpiece 40 still has deformations such as bending, twisting, or a combination of bending and twisting.

[0067] After the workpiece aging treatment, the detection device can be used to measure the surface of the workpiece 40 to obtain a deformation map of the workpiece. According to the deformation map and the predicted deformation amount of the workpiece before the previous processing, the next step of pre-deformation strategy and subsequent processing strategy for the workpiece are formulated to process the workpiece to a qualified size.

[0068] Among them, the next step of pre-deforming the workpiece and the subsequent processing strategy are formulated. Specifically, the predicted deformation of the workpiece in the subsequent processing can be obtained based on the difference between the predicted deformation of the workpiece obtained before the previous processing and the deformation map of the workpiece. According to the new predicted deformation, a prestress applying module is used to apply prestress to the workpiece to reduce the deformation of the workpiece in the subsequent processing.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the preceding processing steps include:

[0070] The first surface of the workpiece 40 is facing upward and clamped on the pre-deformation clamping system, and then the first surface of the workpiece 40 is processed to a predetermined size; processing the first surface of the workpiece 40 to the predetermined size may be rough processing of the first surface of the workpiece 40 only, leaving a certain processing allowance, or rough processing of the first surface first and then fine processing to the design size of the part. Since the workpiece 40 is subjected to aging treatment after the pre-processing, the pre-processing may be the processing part that has a greater impact on the deformation of the workpiece 40.

[0071] When the workpiece 40 is subjected to aging treatment after the preceding processing, the workpiece 40 is released from the pre-deformation clamping system and is not clamped to avoid affecting the release or redistribution of the internal stress during processing.

[0072] In the prestress loading step, the pre-deformation clamping system is used to clamp the workpiece 40, and the second surface of the workpiece 40 that is away from the first surface faces upward; in the subsequent processing step, the second surface of the workpiece 40 is processed. In the prestress loading step, after the deformation clamping system clamps the workpiece 40, the surface of the workpiece 40 can be further measured to see whether the difference between the workpiece 40 and the ideal position is within a certain range. If not, the prestress applying module 20 is continued to adjust. If it is within a certain range, the subsequent processing step can be performed.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, after the subsequent processing step, the method further includes: releasing the clamping of the workpiece 40 by the pre-deformation clamping system, and detecting the deformation amount of the processed workpiece to determine whether the accuracy of the workpiece meets the requirements.

[0074] The specific process of machining a workpiece 40 is described below according to a specific embodiment.

[0075] like Figure 1 In the example shown, the workpiece 40 to be processed is a three-frame structure (three frames are formed on one side). Since the deformation trend of the three-frame structure is a composite deformation of bending and torsion, the layout of the pre-deformation clamping system is as follows: four prestressing modules 20 are distributed at the four corners of the workpiece 40, three fixing modules 30 are placed in the middle of the workpiece 40, and three fixing parts 401 determine a plane, and the middle position of the workpiece 40 is used as the reference plane for the entire processing.

[0076] Step 1, fix the blank, process the required process bosses as the fixing part 401 and the clamping part 402, and mill the upper and lower surfaces of the blank, leaving a 2mm processing allowance on the upper and lower surfaces.

[0077] Step 2, place the workpiece 40 processed by step 1 on the pre-deformation clamping system, first use the three middle fixing modules 30 to fix the three fixing parts 401 of the workpiece 40, and then use the prestressing modules 20 at the four corner positions to clamp the clamping parts 402 of the workpiece 40.

[0078] Step 3, a pre-processing step: the first surface of the clamped workpiece 40 located at the top is subjected to rough machining and fine machining to process the first surface to the designed size.

[0079] Step 4, aging treatment step: After the first surface processing is completed, the clamping of the workpiece 40 by the prestressing module 20 is released, and the workpiece 40 is turned over and the workpiece 40 is subjected to aging treatment for a period of time to fully release the stress of the workpiece.

[0080] Step 5, obtaining the actual deformation: the surface of the workpiece 40 is measured by a detection device to obtain the actual deformation of the workpiece 40 after the aging treatment, and a deformation map can be obtained based on the detected deformation. According to the deformation map and the predicted deformation of the workpiece, the pre-deformation that the prestressing module 20 needs to apply to the workpiece in the subsequent prestressing loading step is obtained.

[0081] Step 6, prestress loading step: according to the pre-deformation amount that the prestress applying module 20 needs to apply to the workpiece obtained in the above steps, the prestress applying module 20 is used to clamp the workpiece at the clamping portion 402 of the workpiece 40 and apply prestress.

[0082] Step 7, processing the second surface of the workpiece 40 to a designed size.

[0083] Step 8, release the clamping and complete the processing, wherein the process bosses serving as the fixing part 401 and the clamping part 402 can be removed after the processing is completed, and then the processed workpiece 40 is placed on a three-coordinate machine to perform deformation detection on the workpiece 40 to determine whether the workpiece 40 is qualified.

[0084] Among them, since the first surface of the workpiece 40 needs to be processed with a frame structure, and the second surface only needs to remove a 2mm processing allowance, the deformation generated when processing the workpiece 40 is basically concentrated when the frame structure is processed on the first surface. Therefore, after rough processing and fine processing of the first surface, the workpiece 40 is subjected to aging treatment, so that after the residual stress generated by the workpiece 40 during processing is released, the workpiece 40 basically reaches a stable state, and then the deformation of the workpiece 40 after the aging treatment is corrected through the prestressing module 20, so that a workpiece 40 that meets the precision requirements can be obtained.

[0085] It should be noted that, for different types of workpieces, the number of prestressing modules 20 and fixing modules 30 and the clamping positions can be adaptively changed.

[0086] In addition, the processing method can also be adaptively changed for different types of workpieces. For example, in the case where both the first surface and the second surface of the workpiece 40 are provided with a frame structure, the frame structures of the two surfaces can be rough-machined in the pre-processing stage before the aging treatment and a processing allowance can be left for both, and then the aging treatment can be performed. After the aging treatment, the century deformation of the workpiece is detected and prestress is applied to the workpiece through the prestress application module 20 according to the actual deformation, and then the first surface is processed, and the deformation is detected again after turning over, and then the prestress is applied to the workpiece again through the prestress application module 20. Correcting the deformation of the workpiece multiple times can greatly improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0087] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0088] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0089] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0090] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0091] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0093] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-deformation clamping system, characterized in that: include: A fixing module and a prestressing module; The fixing module is configured to fix a fixing portion of the workpiece; The prestress applying modules are provided in plurality, and each prestress applying module is provided as a clamping position for clamping the workpiece; Wherein, each prestress applying module is configured to be able to adjust the upper and lower positions of the clamped clamping parts, thereby applying prestress to the workpiece to cause the workpiece to be pre-deformed.

2. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a displacement detection device corresponding to each prestressing module, and the displacement detection device is configured to detect the displacement of the clamping part of the workpiece caused by the prestress applied by the prestressing module.

3. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prestressing module comprises a moving component and a driving mechanism for driving the moving component to move up and down, and the moving component is configured to clamp the clamping part; The displacement detection device includes a sensor bracket and a displacement sensor mounted on the sensor bracket. The displacement sensor is configured as a contact sensor. The moving component includes a sensor contact piece. The detection head of the displacement sensor elastically contacts the sensor contact piece.

4. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressing module comprises a moving assembly and a driving device for driving the moving assembly to move up and down, and the moving assembly is configured to be able to clamp the workpiece; Wherein, the driving device includes a lead screw, a lead screw nut installed on the lead screw, and a power application mechanism for driving the lead screw to rotate, and the moving component is fixed to the lead screw nut.

5. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving assembly includes a sleeve part which is sleeved on the top end of the lead screw and can move up and down relative to the lead screw. A connecting column is provided on the sleeve part. The clamping part of the workpiece is sleeved on the connecting column and is locked on the connecting column by a locking component to achieve clamping.

6. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power applying mechanism comprises a turbine connected to the lead screw, a worm matched with the turbine, and a hand wheel driving the worm to rotate.

7. The pre-deformation clamping system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fixing modules are provided in three numbers, and the three fixing modules fix the three fixing positions of the workpiece respectively.

8. The pre-deformation clamping system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing module is provided with a positioning column, and the fixing part is sleeved on the positioning column and locked to the positioning column by a locking component to fix the fixing part.

9. A workpiece processing method, characterized in that: The method comprises: a prestress loading step and a subsequent processing step; wherein the prestress loading step comprises: A pre-deformation clamping system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to clamp a workpiece; wherein the workpiece is first fixed by the fixing module, and then the prestressing module is used to clamp multiple clamping positions of the workpiece respectively; According to the predicted deformation of the workpiece, the upper and lower positions of the clamping parts of the workpiece are adjusted by the prestress applying module, and prestress is applied to the workpiece so that the workpiece generates a pre-deformation in the same direction as the predicted deformation; The post-processing step is a step of processing the workpiece after the prestress applying module applies prestress to the workpiece.

10. The workpiece processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises: a pre-processing step of processing the workpiece before the pre-stress loading step; and an aging treatment step of performing aging treatment on the workpiece after the pre-processing step and before the pre-stress loading step; After the post-processing step, the method further comprises: The clamping of the workpiece by the pre-deformation clamping system is released, and deformation detection is performed on the processed workpiece.

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