Telescopic diving transportation boat and detection device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a telescopic diving transportation boat and a detection device and method thereof. The transportation boat comprises a front section (a driving cabin and a front cabin), a middle section (an annular piston and an annular hydraulic cylinder) and a rear section (a rear cabin and a motor steering engine cabin), the three sections are connected into a whole through flanges and bolts, when the annular piston moves back and forth in the cylinder, the volume and the specific gravity of the boat are changed, and the purpose of submerging and surfacing is achieved. The piston ring ensures sealing in the cylinder, and the stability of the boat sailing on the water surface and underwater is provided through cooperation of the stabilizing rod and the stabilizing sleeve. The boat is constructed in the land workshop in a segmented mode, detection is conducted in the land workshop in a segmented mode by simulating various conditions during submerging, time and labor are saved, and safety is achieved. The boat has the main advantages that the structure and operation are simple, the cabin capacity is large, the speed of personnel and goods entering and exiting the cabin is high, and batch production can be achieved. The device is mainly used for seabed sightseeing, undertaking transportation tasks when sea conditions are severe, and carrying out landing combat when necessary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of special ships, and in particular to a telescopic submarine transport boat and a detection device and method thereof, which is a submarine that can transport personnel and cargo from underwater to a destination and quickly unload them under any sea conditions, and simulates actual application scenarios on land for inspection and testing. Background Art

[0002] Since the invention of submarines in the late 19th century, they have been sucking in and out seawater to change the specific gravity of the submarine to achieve the purpose of controlling buoyancy and load adjustment. This requires multiple water tanks, numerous valves and pipes, and is very complex in structure and operation, and is expensive. After completion, testing is carried out through sea trials, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and risky. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a telescopic submarine transport boat and its detection device and method. Based on the principle of changing the volume to change the specific gravity, a telescopic submarine transport boat is proposed to achieve the purpose of cylindrical structure and operation. Its detection is also carried out on land to achieve the purpose of rapid and safe detection.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is a telescopic submarine transport boat, comprising a cockpit 1, a front cabin 2, an annular piston 3, an annular hydraulic cylinder 4, a rear cabin 5, an electric motor steering engine cabin 6, a propeller 7 and a horizontal rudder 8, characterized in that the upper part of the cockpit 1 can be opened and closed laterally via an electric hinge 9, the cockpit 1 and the front cabin 2 with the same diameter are watertightly connected, the top of the front cabin 2 is provided with an inlet and outlet 10 and a vent 11, the top of the vent 11 is provided with a solenoid valve 12, portholes 13 on both sides, and a horizontal rudder 8 in the middle of the outer surface, the tail of the front cabin 2 is connected to the front end of the annular plug 3 via a connecting flange 14 and bolts, a stabilizing sleeve 15 is installed on both sides of the lower part of the annular piston 3, an annular piston head 16 is installed at the tail end of the annular piston 3, and the outer side of the annular piston head 16 There is a groove 17 for docking with the annular piston 3, an outer annular groove 18 is provided on the radial outer circumferential surface, and an inner annular groove 19 is provided on the radial inner circumferential surface. The bottom surfaces of the outer annular groove 18 and the inner annular groove 19 are slightly arc-shaped, and there is a circular pressure-equalizing hole 20 in the center. The pressure-equalizing hole 20 is docked with the pressure-equalizing hole on the inner side of the piston head 16. The outer annular groove 18 and the inner annular groove 19 are used to install the piston ring. The piston ring is composed of a plurality of piston sub-rings 21. The height and width of the rubber piston sub-ring 21 are equal to those of the outer annular groove 18 and the inner annular groove 19, and the curvature is also the same. One end of the piston sub-ring 21 has a protrusion, and the other end of the piston sub-ring 21 has a recessed portion. The plurality of sub-rings are connected concavely and convexly to form a complete piston ring. The piston head 16 equipped with the piston sub-ring 21 can be in the annular hydraulic cylinder 4, the annular hydraulic cylinder 4 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 22 and an inner cylinder body 23 which are rolled from steel plates. The outer front end of the outer cylinder body 22 is provided with a reinforcement ring 24 for bearing tension, and the inner side is provided with a sealing ring 25 to prevent seawater from entering the cylinder and an outer limit ring 26 to prevent the annular piston head 16 from excessive movement. The outer front end of the inner cylinder body 23 is provided with a reinforcement ring 27 for bearing pressure, and the inner side of the inner cylinder body 23 is provided with an inner limit ring 28 and a vent 29. The vent 29 is for the gas in the cylinder to enter and exit when the annular piston 3 moves. The front end face of the inner cylinder body 23 is sealed with a front steel plate 30 and is equipped with a front watertight door 31, and the rear end face is sealed with a rear steel plate 32 and is equipped with a rear watertight door 33. The lower part is provided with an upper cabin plate 34, which is connected to the retractable cabin plate in the annular piston 3 35 is flush, the space enclosed by the front steel plate 30, the rear steel plate 32 and the upper deck 34 is the equipment cabin 36, the electric control system, the air regeneration device, the air conditioning system, and the high-pressure nitrogen tank 37 are all installed in the equipment cabin 36, the lower deck 38 is below the upper deck 34, the lower deck 38 is provided with a rack-shaped track 39, the battery vehicle 40 loaded with the battery pack can move and position on the track 39 through its gear-shaped wheels, and the lower side walls on both sides under the lower deck 38 are respectively provided with a stabilizing rod 41, and the stabilizing rod 41 slides in the stabilizing sleeve 15 in the annular piston 3, and the outer wall of the annular hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided with a life-saving airbag 42 made of rubber-coated nylon cloth, and one end of the life-saving airbag 42 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 43, and the rear end of the annular hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected with a positioning ring 44,The positioning ring 44 is a circular ring structure made of steel plate. The outer diameter of the positioning ring 44 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder body 22. The outer edge of the positioning ring 44 has multiple connecting holes 45 that penetrate through it. The surface of one side of the cylinder body of the positioning ring 44 is provided with an outer circular groove 46 and an inner circular groove 47 in the shape of a circular ring. The rear end of the outer cylinder body 22 is sealed and embedded in the outer circular groove 46, and the rear end of the inner cylinder body 23 is sealed and embedded in the inner circular groove 47. The middle of the two grooves is a space where the annular piston head 16 and the hydraulic medium exist. The positioning ring 44 has multiple waist-shaped or circular inlet and outlet holes 48 in the center of the two grooves for the hydraulic medium to enter and exit the cylinder. The inlet and outlet holes 48 are connected to the pump valve system 50 through the hydraulic pipe 49. The pump valve system 50 is installed in the rear cabin 5. The rear cabin 5 is connected to the positioning ring 44 through the connecting hole 45. The top of the rear cabin 5 has an inlet and outlet 10, and there are string windows on both sides. The rear cabin 5 is watertightly connected to the motor steering gear cabin 6.

[0005] After a submarine is built, it must undergo rigorous and repeated testing. Existing submarine testing is conducted during underwater trials, which is time-consuming, costly, and risky. In particular, when conducting extreme diving depth testing, it may lead to a tragedy in which the submarine is destroyed and people are killed. The present invention also provides a detection device for detecting the above-mentioned telescopic submarine transport boat, including a pressure tank 51 for detecting the front section and the rear section and a gear pump 58 and an airtight storage tank 59 for detecting the middle section. The front section includes a cockpit 1 and a front cabin 2, and the rear section includes a rear cabin 5 and an electric motor steering gear cabin 6. The inner diameter and length of the pressure tank 51 are greater than the outer diameter and length of the front section, and also greater than the outer diameter and length of the rear section. One end of the pressure tank 51 is provided with an end cover 52, the middle of the pressure tank 51 is provided with an observation window 53, and the other end of the pressure tank 51 is provided with a hydraulic pipe. 54, a gear pump 55 and an electrical socket 65, an exhaust pipe 56 and a first pressure gauge 57 are provided on the upper portion of the pressure tank 51, a camera and a sensor are installed inside the pressure tank 51, the middle section includes an annular piston 3 and an annular hydraulic cylinder 4 that cooperate with each other, an air suction port 60 is provided on the airtight storage tank 59, a front stopper 61 is provided on the end of the annular piston 3 away from the annular hydraulic cylinder 4, a rear stopper 62 is provided on the end of the annular hydraulic cylinder 4 away from the annular piston 3, the outer end of the annular piston 3 is sealed with a thick steel plate 63, and a second pressure gauge 64 is provided on the annular hydraulic cylinder 4.

[0006] The detection items of the front section and the rear section are the overall pressure resistance strength and the sealing performance. The present invention also provides a method for detecting a telescopic submarine transport boat using an upper detection device, comprising the following steps: Put the front section and the rear section into the pressure tank 51 with the roller inside respectively, cover the end cover 52, start the gear pump 55 to press water into the tank, and the air in the tank is gradually replaced by water. When water flows out from the exhaust port 56, it means that the air has been exhausted. Tighten the end cover of the exhaust port 56, switch to the manual pump to pump water, and pay close attention to the pressure gauge. If the water pump does not flow in, but the pressure gauge value increases, it means that the tested segment has no water seepage or deformation. When the pressure gauge 57 shows that the working diving depth or the limit diving depth pressure value has been reached, stop pumping and close the valve. After a predetermined time, if the number on the pressure gauge does not change, the segment has passed the pressure resistance and sealing performance tests. Fig. 9 The detection of the middle section is divided into two steps. The first step is the submersible and floating operation performance test. Fig.10 As shown. After the middle section (annular piston 3 and annular hydraulic cylinder 4) is assembled on site, the hydraulic medium (oxygen-free water can be used) is pumped into the annular cylinder, and the annular piston 3 extends forward, that is, the volume of the boat increases and it is floating up. When it touches the limit switch, it automatically stops, indicating that the boat has reached its maximum volume and is on the sea surface. Open the discharge valve of the pump valve system 50, the annular piston retracts under atmospheric pressure, and the volume of the boat decreases, indicating that it is diving. The above test is repeated many times. If the annular piston moves smoothly, the submersible and floating operation performance test is passed.

[0007] The second step is to test the performance of the extreme diving depth. Fig.11 In the inspection station shown, the gear pump 58 is used to make 2 / 3 of the annular piston 3 in the cylinder, that is, the state of full-load diving. Then switch to the manual pump to pressurize the hydraulic medium, and the pressure is transmitted to the piston sub-rings 26 installed inside and outside the annular piston head 16 through the pressure equalizing hole 20, so that it is close to the outer cylinder body 22 and the inner cylinder body 23. The greater the pressure in the cylinder, the tighter it is, so the hydraulic medium will not leak. Since the front block 61 and the rear block 62 can overcome the action and reaction force, the annular piston 3 will not move even if manual pressure is applied. When the pressure gauge 64 shows that the pressure in the cylinder has reached the ultimate diving depth pressure, stop pressurizing and keep the pressure for a predetermined time. After the pressure is released, the middle section is split to check whether each piston sub-ring is deformed. Use a flaw detector to check whether there are cracks or damage on the inner and outer cylinder walls of the annular hydraulic cylinder and the inner and outer reinforcement rings. If everything is normal, it has passed the most difficult ultimate diving depth test.

[0008] After all three sections have passed the inspection, the equipment will be installed and finally connected together with high-strength bolts. After the final assembly is completed, the sea trial can be carried out.

[0009] During the sea trial, due to the support of the stabilizer bar 41 and the stabilizer sleeve 15, and the support of the connection flange and bolts with high shear strength, the boat body can withstand the impact of waves and the force of six-degree-of-freedom movement, and the center of gravity of the boat is low, so it can sail safely on the water. The coordination of the stabilizer bar 41 and the stabilizer sleeve 15 provides stability for the boat when sailing on the water surface and underwater.

[0010] When diving, the size of the boat is reduced and the center of gravity moves. The center of gravity should be adjusted by the battery trolley 40 to make the boat sink horizontally. When the boat body is completely submerged in the water, the solenoid valve 12 is closed and the horizontal rudder 8 is operated to dive to the depth.

[0011] The boat's surface displacement is equal to its underwater displacement, so the water resistance is small when submerged.

[0012] When the boat is submerged, the longitudinal tilt or the lateral tilt of the boat body must be avoided. The mobile battery trolley 40 adjusts the center of gravity of the boat to avoid longitudinal and lateral tilt. When the submerged navigation ends, the horizontal rudder is operated to rise to the sea surface. After the vent pipe is out of water, the solenoid valve 12 is opened, and the hydraulic medium is pumped in at the same time, and the boat floats horizontally. After the air pressure inside and outside the boat is balanced, the hatch can be opened to leave the cabin.

[0013] Safety is the most important issue. Excluding design, manufacturing and testing issues, there are six reasons for submarine accidents, namely, water ingress to the hull, fire in the cabin, equipment failure, operational errors, changes in sea conditions and hull rupture, which are explained as follows: The boat has no valves or pipes to the sea, and is a fully enclosed body underwater, so water generally does not enter. If the boat uses lithium iron phosphate batteries or solid batteries that do not catch fire, there will be no fire. The equipment that may fail is the pump valve system and the sealing ring of the piston head 16, which should be regularly inspected. The submersible and buoyant operation of the boat is simple, and the possibility of misoperation is very small.

[0014] Sea state changes refer to the situation where the water temperature in a certain sea area is higher or the salinity is lower, so the buoyancy is smaller. When a submarine sneaks to this area, it will suddenly fall down, that is, it will drop in depth. When it drops in depth, two measures should be taken immediately. First, the battery trolley should be moved as far back as possible, so that the bow of the submarine is facing upward, and the boat should rush upward at full power. At the same time, the pump valve system should be started to pump in hydraulic medium, so that the annular piston moves forward, the hull increases, and positive buoyancy is generated. The two measures should be taken together to avoid dropping in depth.

[0015] If the boat hull is broken due to external force, the driver should immediately open the high-pressure nitrogen tank 37 in the equipment cabin, and the high-pressure nitrogen will instantly inflate the life-saving airbag 42, lift the boat to the sea surface, and give the crew a chance to escape. The pressure reducing valve 43 reduces the external pressure during the ascent, so that the airbag will not be broken.

[0016] The outer surface of the annular piston 3 is in contact with seawater all year round, and marine encrusted organisms may attach to it, which may damage the annular hydraulic cylinder 4 when it moves forward and backward. Encrusted organisms hate the smell of copper oxide, so a layer of copper sheet is covered on the outer surface of the annular piston 3 to prevent marine organisms from attaching to it.

[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the annular piston 3 is covered with a layer of copper foil.

[0018] Preferably, a gear is installed on the middle passage of the front cabin 2, and the gear drives an electric ramp that can be extended from the center of the cockpit 1 that can be opened laterally.

[0019] Preferably, limit switches are installed on both the outer limit ring 26 and the inner limit ring 28 .

[0020] Preferably, the radial outer and inner surfaces of the annular piston head 16 are both provided with an annular groove, and the piston ring sub-ring is embedded in the annular groove.

[0021] Preferably, a manual gate valve is installed at the lower end of the vent pipe 11 in the boat.

[0022] Preferably, there is a sealing gasket between the butted flanges. There are mooring posts 66 on both sides of the lower part of the cockpit.

[0023] The main purpose of the telescopic submarine transport boat of the present invention is to provide underwater sightseeing and tourism, undertake transportation tasks when the sea conditions are bad, and carry out landing operations when necessary.

[0024] Compared with the related art, the present invention is characterized by: 1. Comprehensive safety measures have been taken in the structure, and safety hazards have been eliminated through testing on land, so the safety performance is good; Second, the structure and operation of the telescopic submarine transport boat are relatively simple, the cabin capacity is large, the speed of personnel and cargo entering and leaving the cabin is fast, and it can be mass-produced; 3. The three sections of the retractable submarine transport boat are all manufactured and tested in the land workshop, and the whole boat is also assembled on land, which does not occupy the scarce dock, slipway and wharf resources and is suitable for mass production; 4. The underwater displacement of the telescopic submarine transport boat is equal to the surface displacement, so the underwater resistance is small. In addition, because there is no ballast water, the inertia is small, so the underwater navigation performance is better; 5. The retractable submarine transport boat has a shallow draft and can sail near the beach, berth and unload; 6. When unloading, the bow of the boat is tilted up to rush to the beach or berth, so that the upper part of the cockpit can be opened horizontally sideways. After the electric ramp is extended, the personnel and cargo can quickly get out of the cabin and go ashore. After unloading, the boat can automatically leave the beach and return to the sea; 7. The retractable submarine transport boat is built in sections in the land workshop, and the inspection is also carried out in sections in the land workshop to simulate various conditions during diving, which saves time, effort and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A front view of the retractable submarine transport boat provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a forward section of a ring-type hydraulic cylinder; Figure 3 It is a front view of the ring-type piston head; Figure 4 For along Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view of ; Figure 5 It is a front view of the piston ring sub-ring; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of direction B in FIG. Figure 7 It is a front view of the positioning ring; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The C-direction schematic diagram in FIG. Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the front and rear section detection device of the telescopic submarine transport boat provided by the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a mid-section detection device for a telescopic submarine transport boat provided by the present invention; Fig.11 The present invention provides a layout diagram for testing the overall sealing and pressure resistance performance of the mid-section of the telescopic submarine transport vessel at the ultimate diving depth.

[0026] In the attached figure: 1 - cockpit, 2 - front cabin, 3 - annular piston, 4 - annular hydraulic cylinder, 5 - rear cabin, 6 - electric steering gear cabin, 7 - propeller, 8 - horizontal rudder, 9 - electric hinge, 10 - entrance and exit, 11—ventilation pipe, 12—solenoid valve, 13—porthole, 14—connecting flange, 15—stabilizing sleeve, 16—ring-shaped piston head, 17—cage groove, 18—outer annular groove, 19—inner annular groove, 20—pressure equalizing hole, 21—piston ring sub-ring, 22—outer cylinder body, 23—inner cylinder body, 24—outer reinforcement ring, 25—sealing ring, 26—outer limit ring, 27—inner reinforcement ring, 28—inner limit ring, 29—ventilation hole, 30—front steel plate, 31—front watertight door, 32—rear steel plate, 33—rear watertight door, 34—upper cabin plate, 35—retractable cabin plate, 36—equipment cabin, 37—high-pressure nitrogen tank, 38—lower Cabin plate, 39—rack track, 40—battery trolley, 41—stabilizing rod, 42—life-saving airbag, 43—pressure reducing valve, 44—positioning ring, 45—connecting hole, 46—external fixed circular groove, 47—inner fixed circular groove, 48—inlet and outlet holes, 49—hydraulic pipe, 50—pump and valve system, 51—pressure tank, 52—end cover, 53—observation window, 54—hydraulic pipe, 55—gear pump, 56—exhaust pipe, 57—first pressure gauge, 58—gear pump, 59—airtight storage tank, 60—air suction port, 61—front stopper, 62—rear stopper, 63—thick steel plate, 64—second pressure gauge, 65—electrical socket, 66—mooring column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear in the following, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0028] A telescopic submarine transport boat, consisting of three sections: the front section (cockpit and front cabin) is 6.5 meters long and 3 meters in inner diameter; the middle section is composed of annular pistons and annular hydraulic cylinders, the annular piston is 5.06 meters long and 3 meters in inner diameter, the annular hydraulic cylinder is 5.10 meters long, 3.2 meters in outer diameter and 2.8 meters in inner diameter; the rear section is 6.5 meters long. The maximum inner diameter is 3 meters and the total length is 23.2 meters. The boat is made of steel plates with a yield strength of 1800MPa treated by special heat treatment process, fully electric propulsion, equipped with two 100K DC motors, one driver, and one navigator and communicator.

[0029] The boat can carry a total of 50 passengers, 20 in the front cabin, 10 in the reserved space of the annular piston, and 20 in the rear cabin. If loaded with cargo, it can carry 30 tons.

[0030] The submarine has a working diving depth of 60 meters, a maximum diving depth of 100 meters, an underwater cruising speed of 10 knots, and a duration of 10 hours.

[0031] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A telescopic submarine transport boat, comprising a cockpit (1), a front cabin (2), an annular piston (3), an annular hydraulic cylinder (4), a rear cabin (5), an electric motor steering engine cabin (6), a propeller (7) and a horizontal rudder (8), characterized in that: The upper part of the cockpit (1) can be opened and closed laterally via an electric hinge (9), the cockpit (1) is watertightly connected to a front cabin (2) of equal diameter, the top of the front cabin (2) is provided with an inlet and outlet (10) and a vent pipe (11), the top of the vent pipe (11) is provided with a solenoid valve (12), portholes (13) are provided on both sides, and a horizontal rudder (8) is provided in the middle of the outer surface, the tail of the front cabin (2) is connected to the front end of the annular plug (3) via a connecting flange (14) and bolts, a stabilizing sleeve (15) is installed on both sides of the lower part of the annular piston (3), an annular piston head (16) is installed at the tail end of the annular piston (3), the outer side surface of the annular piston head (16) is provided with a groove (17) for docking with the annular piston (3), and the radial outer surface is provided with an outer annular groove (18 ), the radial inner circular surface is provided with an inner annular groove (19), the bottom surfaces of the outer annular groove (18) and the inner annular groove (19) are slightly arc-shaped, and a circular pressure equalizing hole (20) is provided in the center, the pressure equalizing hole (20) is butted with the pressure equalizing hole on the inner side surface of the piston head (16), the outer annular groove (18) and the inner annular groove (19) are used to install a piston ring, the piston ring is composed of a plurality of piston sub-rings (21), the height and width of the rubber piston sub-ring (21) are equal to those of the outer annular groove (18) and the inner annular groove (19), and the curvature is also the same, one end of the piston sub-ring (21) has a protrusion, and the other end of the piston sub-ring (21) has a recessed portion, and the plurality of sub-rings are connected in a concave-convex manner to form a complete piston ring, and the piston head (16) on which the piston sub-ring (21) is installed ) can slide forward and backward in the annular hydraulic cylinder (4), the annular hydraulic cylinder (4) comprises an outer cylinder (22) and an inner cylinder body (23) which are rolled into a cylindrical shape from a steel plate, the front end outer side of the outer cylinder body (22) is provided with a reinforcement ring (24) for bearing tension, the inner side is provided with a sealing ring (25) for preventing seawater from entering the cylinder and an outer limit ring (26) for preventing the annular piston head (16) from excessive movement, the front end outer side of the inner cylinder body (23) is provided with a reinforcement ring (27) for bearing pressure, the inner side of the inner cylinder body (23) is provided with an inner limit ring (28) and a vent (29), the vent (29) is for the gas in the cylinder to enter and exit when the annular piston (3) moves, the front end face of the inner cylinder body (23) is sealed with a front steel plate (30) and is provided with a front watertight door (31), the rear end face The rear steel plate (32) is sealed and equipped with a rear watertight door (33). An upper deck (34) is installed at the lower part. The upper deck (34) is flush with the retractable deck (35) in the annular piston (3). The space enclosed by the front steel plate (30), the rear steel plate (32) and the upper deck (34) is an equipment cabin (36). An electric control system, an air regeneration device, an air conditioning system, and a high-pressure nitrogen tank (37) are all installed in the equipment cabin (36). Below the upper deck (34) is a lower deck (38). A rack-shaped track (39) is provided on the lower deck (38). A battery vehicle (40) loaded with battery packs can be moved and positioned on the track (39) through its gear-shaped wheels. Stabilizer bars (41) are respectively installed on the lower side walls on both sides below the lower deck (38).The stabilizing rod (41) slides in the stabilizing sleeve (15) in the annular piston (3). Life-saving air bags (42) made of rubberized nylon cloth are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the annular hydraulic cylinder (4). A pressure reducing valve (43) is provided at one end of the life-saving air bag (42). The rear end of the annular hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected to a positioning ring (44). The positioning ring (44) is a circular ring structure made of steel plate. The outer diameter of the positioning ring (44) is larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder body (22). The outer edge of the positioning ring (44) is provided with a plurality of penetrating connecting holes (45). The surface of one side of the cylinder body of the positioning ring (44) is provided with an annular outer fixed circular groove (46) and an inner fixed circular groove (47). The rear end of the outer cylinder body (22) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes (45). The end seal is embedded in the outer fixed circular groove (46), and the rear end seal of the inner cylinder body (23) is embedded in the inner fixed circular groove (47). The middle of the two grooves is a space where the annular piston head (16) and the hydraulic medium exist. The positioning ring (44) is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped or circular inlet and outlet holes (48) in the center of the two grooves for the hydraulic medium to enter and exit the cylinder. The inlet and outlet holes (48) are connected to the pump valve system (50) through the hydraulic pipe (49). The pump valve system (50) is installed in the rear cabin (5). The rear cabin (5) is connected to the positioning ring (44) through the connecting hole (45). The top of the rear cabin (5) is provided with an inlet and outlet (10) and chord windows on both sides. The rear cabin (5) is watertightly connected to the motor steering gear cabin (6).

2. The retractable submarine transport boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the ring-shaped piston (3) is covered with a layer of copper sheet.

3. The retractable submarine transport boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear is installed on the middle channel of the front cabin (2), and the gear drives an electric ramp that can be extended from the center of the cockpit (1) that can be opened laterally.

4. The retractable submarine transport boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limit switches are installed on both the outer limit ring (26) and the inner limit ring (28).

5. The retractable submarine transport boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the annular piston head (16) are both provided with an annular groove, and a piston ring sub-ring is embedded in the annular groove.

6. The retractable submarine transport boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the vent pipe (11) in the boat is additionally provided with a manual gate valve.

7. A detection device for detecting a telescopic submarine transport boat as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pressure tank (51) for detecting the front section and the rear section and a gear pump (58) and an airtight storage tank (59) for detecting the middle section. The front section comprises a cockpit (1) and a front cabin (2), and the rear section comprises a rear cabin (5) and an electric motor steering gear cabin (6). The inner diameter and length of the pressure tank (51) are greater than the outer diameter and length of the front section and also greater than the outer diameter and length of the rear section. An end cover (52) is provided at one end of the pressure tank (51), and an observation window (53) is provided in the middle of the pressure tank (51). A hydraulic pipe (54), a gear pump (55) and an electric socket (65) are provided at the other end of the pressure tank (51). The upper part of the pressure tank (51) is provided with an exhaust pipe (56) and a first pressure gauge (57). A camera and a sensor are installed inside the pressure tank (51). The middle section includes an annular piston (3) and an annular hydraulic cylinder (4) that cooperate with each other. The airtight storage tank (59) is provided with an air suction port (60). The end of the annular piston (3) away from the annular hydraulic cylinder (4) is provided with a front stopper (61). The end of the annular hydraulic cylinder (4) away from the annular piston (3) is provided with a rear stopper (62). The outer end of the annular piston (3) is sealed with a thick steel plate (63). The annular hydraulic cylinder (4) is provided with a second pressure gauge (64).

8. A method for detecting a telescopic submarine transport boat using the detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: include: The front section and the rear section are respectively placed in a pressure tank (51) having a roller therein, and the end cover (52) is covered. The gear pump (55) is started to press water into the pressure tank (51), and the air in the pressure tank (51) is gradually replaced by water. When water flows out from the exhaust port (56), the air has been exhausted. The end cover of the exhaust port (56) is tightened and the water is pumped by a manual pump. The first pressure gauge (57) is observed. If the water pump does not flow in and the value of the first pressure gauge (57) increases, the tested segment has no water seepage or deformation. When the first pressure gauge (57) shows that the working diving depth or the limit diving depth pressure value has been reached, the pumping is stopped and the valve is closed. After a predetermined time, if the value of the first pressure gauge (57) does not change, the segment has passed the pressure resistance and sealing performance tests. The middle section test is carried out in two steps: the first step is the submersible and floating operation performance test, assembling the annular piston (3) and the annular hydraulic cylinder (4), pumping the hydraulic medium into the annular hydraulic cylinder (4) to extend the annular piston (3), and automatically stopping when touching the limit switch, opening the discharge valve of the pump valve system (50), and retracting the annular piston (3) under atmospheric pressure, and repeating the above steps for multiple times. If the annular piston (3) moves without sticking, the submersible and floating operation performance test has been passed; The second step is to test the ultimate diving depth performance. A gear pump (58) is used to make the annular piston (3) partially located in the annular hydraulic cylinder (4). The manual pump is switched to pressurize the hydraulic medium so that the hydraulic medium is pressurized. The pressure is transmitted to the piston sub-ring (26) through the pressure equalizing hole (20) on the annular piston head (16), so that the piston sub-ring (26) is tightly attached to the outer cylinder body (22) and the inner cylinder body (23) to prevent the hydraulic medium from leaking. When the value of the second pressure gauge (64) reaches the set ultimate diving depth pressure, a flaw detector is used to check whether there are cracks or damage on the inner and outer cylinder walls and the inner and outer reinforcement rings of the annular hydraulic cylinder (4). If not, the ultimate diving depth test has been passed.

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