Gas-liquid separator for destroying slug of liquid column in high-efficiency drainage and production of gas well

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slug generation in gas well efficient drainage, which comprises a central pipeline, a cyclone gas-liquid separator arranged on the outer side of the central pipeline, a pipeline of a gas-liquid inlet arranged on the outer side of the cyclone gas-liquid separator, a gas outlet arranged at the outlet end of the central pipeline, and a gas outlet arranged at the outlet end of the central pipeline. A gas-liquid inlet hole is formed in the pipeline of the gas-liquid inlet close to the outlet end of the central pipeline, a liquid outlet pipeline is further reserved between the cyclone gas-liquid separator and the central pipeline, and an inlet of the liquid outlet pipeline is far away from the outlet end of the central pipeline; the liquid outlet is formed in the position close to the outlet end of the central pipeline; a driving accelerator is arranged outside the central pipeline far away from the outlet end of the central pipeline; the output end of the central pipeline is communicated with the gas-liquid atomization mechanism, and a pressure relief mechanism is arranged at the other end far away from the output end of the central pipeline. Gas-liquid separation is achieved through the accelerated rotation separation system, liquid slug generation is reduced or eliminated, a gas path is smooth, natural gas flows at a high speed, and liquid-carrying gas production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas drainage and gas production downhole tools, and in particular relates to a gas-liquid separator that destroys liquid column slugs during efficient drainage and production of gas wells. Background Art

[0002] During the exploitation of natural gas fields, as gas is exploited, the pressure in the reservoir will gradually decrease, which will lead to a decrease in the fluidity of natural gas and a decrease in the recovery rate. By draining water to recover gas, the liquid water in the reservoir can be reduced, reducing the obstruction to gas flow, thereby improving the recovery rate. Among them, the small oil pipe drainage gas lifting system replaces the existing downhole oil pipe with a smaller diameter oil pipe, reduces the flow channel area of ​​the gas-liquid two-phase fluid, increases the gas flow rate when the natural gas flows through, ensures that the actual gas production of the water-producing gas well is greater than its continuous liquid carrying critical flow rate, and improves the liquid production capacity of the water-producing gas well.

[0003] The development and application of technology at home and abroad have shown that the small oil pipe drainage gas production operation is also very prone to liquid column slugging. Liquid column slugging refers to the phenomenon that the flow of liquid in the pipeline or container is blocked due to some reasons, forming a liquid column. Liquid column slugging will hinder the normal flow of natural gas, resulting in a reduction or complete interruption of gas flow, thereby reducing the recovery rate and causing economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid separator that destroys the occurrence of liquid column slugs during efficient drainage of gas wells. The method enables the gas-liquid mixture to be separated by accelerating the rotating separation system under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing or eliminating the generation of liquid slugs, making the gas path unobstructed and the natural gas flow at high speed, thereby realizing liquid-carrying gas production.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production, comprising a central pipeline 8, a cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged outside the central pipeline 8, a gas-liquid inlet pipeline is arranged outside the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, a gas-liquid inlet pipeline is arranged on the outside of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, an outlet end of the central pipeline 8 is a gas outlet 4, a gas-liquid inlet hole is arranged on the gas-liquid inlet pipeline near the outlet end of the central pipeline 8, a mixed gas and liquid entering from the gas-liquid inlet 13 flows into the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 through the gas-liquid inlet hole for separation, a liquid outlet pipeline is also left between the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 and the central pipeline 8, and the inlet of the liquid outlet pipeline is at a position far away from the outlet end of the central pipeline 8; the liquid separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 is discharged through the liquid outlet pipeline via the liquid outlet 6, and the liquid outlet 6 is arranged at a position close to the outlet end of the central pipeline 8;

[0007] A driving accelerator 9 is arranged outside the central pipe 8 away from the outlet end of the central pipe 8;

[0008] After separation by the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, the gas flows out of the gas outlet 4 through the center of the central pipe 8;

[0009] The output end of the central pipe 8 is connected to the gas-liquid atomization mechanism, and the other end away from the output end of the central pipe 8 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism.

[0010] The gas-liquid atomization mechanism includes a gas-liquid atomization chamber 3, which is located inside the joint 2. The output end of the gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 is connected to the channel 1 after the liquid is separated inside the joint 2, and the input end of the gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 is connected to the output end of the central pipe 8.

[0011] A joint 2 is provided at the outlet end of the central pipe 8 and the end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5. The joint 2 is connected to the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 by threads. A channel 1 and a gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 are provided inside the joint 2. The gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 is connected to the liquid outlet 6 and the gas outlet 4 respectively.

[0012] The central pipe 8 includes a vertical pipe, and a cylindrical structure is installed at the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The center of the cylindrical structure is a gas outlet hole, and liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals around the gas outlet hole. A base is arranged away from the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The base is a circular ring structure and is used to disperse the gas separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5.

[0013] The driving accelerator 9 comprises a shell, and four fan blades are arranged inside the shell.

[0014] The pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief mechanism body, a channel is left at the position of the pressure relief mechanism body opposite to the central pipe 8, a groove is opened on the pressure relief mechanism body opposite to the channel, a spring 11 is arranged inside the groove, a drainage ball 10 is placed inside the channel opening inside the pressure relief mechanism body, the drainage ball 10 is directly connected to the spring 11, drainage holes 12 are arranged around the inner wall of the bottom of the pressure relief mechanism body, and the drainage holes 12 are connected to the gas-liquid inlet 13.

[0015] The gas-liquid inlet 13 is arranged at the other end of the pressure relief mechanism body relative to the central pipe 8. A gas-liquid channel is left on the outside of the pressure relief mechanism body. The mixed gas and liquid enter the gas-liquid channel through the gas-liquid inlet 13 and enter from the gas-liquid inlet pipe outside the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5. The gas-liquid channel is connected to the gas-liquid inlet pipe.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The gas-liquid separator has a simple structure and uses hydraulic pressure as power during operation. Gas-liquid separation is achieved by accelerating the rotating separation system. The separated gas and liquid enter the small oil pipe in a certain proportion of gas and liquid through the gas-liquid distributor, reducing or eliminating the generation of liquid slugs, making the gas path unobstructed and the natural gas flow at high speed, thus realizing liquid-carrying gas production.

[0018] The present invention distributes a certain gas-liquid volume ratio of gas to liquid into the small oil pipe through a cyclone gas-liquid separator, which is responsible for destroying the conditions for forming a liquid column segment plug in the small oil pipe, and cooperates with the large oil pipe of the pipe column to be responsible for process replacement injection and external gas supply. At the same time, it automatically monitors the dynamics of the liquid column segment plug in the small oil pipe, cooperates with the pipe column, and destroys the generation of the liquid column segment plug in real time to ensure the smooth flow of the small oil pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gas-liquid distribution mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the gas-liquid atomization mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cyclone gas-liquid separator of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the central pipeline of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a driving accelerator of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production comprises a gas-liquid atomization mechanism, a gas-liquid separation mechanism, a gas-liquid distribution mechanism, and a pressure relief mechanism connected in sequence;

[0030] The gas-liquid separation mechanism is used to efficiently separate the gas and liquid from the gas-liquid two-phase mixture under the action of centrifugal force;

[0031] The gas-liquid distribution mechanism is used to transport gas and liquid to subsequent processing equipment or reactors at a desired ratio and rate;

[0032] The pressure relief mechanism is used to balance the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator and belongs to a safety brake protection device;

[0033] The gas-liquid atomization mechanism is used to convert liquid into fine droplets. When the gas flows at a high speed, a negative pressure area is formed, and the liquid is sucked in and atomized through the gas outlet 4.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 and a driving accelerator 9. The gas outlet 4 is inside the central pipe 8, and the liquid outlet 6 is around the upper end of the central pipe 8; the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 and the joint 2 are fixed by threaded connection, and the driving accelerator 9 and the central pipe 8 are connected by locking. The mixture containing gas and liquid enters the separator 5 through the feed port 13. Usually, the feed fluid enters the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 at a certain speed and angle to form a rotating flow.

[0035] The gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a central pipe 8, a pipe channel formed by the contact between the central pipe 8 and the leftmost joint of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, and a gas outlet 4 is arranged, a liquid outlet 6 is arranged at the leftmost end of the central pipe 8, the leftmost joint 2 of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 by threads, a driving accelerator 9 is arranged at the right end of the central pipe 8, and the driving accelerator 9 is fixed to the central pipe 8 by threads at the right end of the central pipe 8.

[0036] The gas outlet 4 and the liquid outlet 6 are respectively connected to the left end joint of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 .

[0037] The feed fluid enters the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 at a certain speed and angle, forming a rotating flow. The mixture is affected by the special structure inside the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, forming a spiral rotating flow. Due to the centrifugal force of the fluid, the heavier liquid is forced to move outward, while the lighter gas gathers in the central area. In the rotating flow, the liquid is subjected to a greater centrifugal force due to its higher density, moves toward the wall of the separator 5, flows downward along the wall, and is finally discharged through the liquid outlet 6. At the same time, the gas gathers in the central area due to its lower density and is discharged through the gas outlet 4. The design of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 enables gas and liquid to be separated efficiently, usually with a high separation efficiency. The separated gas and liquid are collected at their respective outlets to achieve the purpose of separation. Among them, the cyclone accelerator 9 is a device that uses the principle of rotational fluid dynamics to accelerate particles or fluids, and is widely used in gas dynamics, separation technology and various industrial processes.

[0038] The gas-liquid atomization mechanism comprises a gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 , which is located inside the joint 2 and at the left end of the central pipe 8 .

[0039] Liquid enters through the liquid feed port 4, while gas, usually air or other gas, enters through the gas feed port 6. Inside the atomizing mechanism, the gas and liquid meet in a specific mixing zone. The design here usually causes the gas to flow at a high speed to mix with the liquid. When the gas flows at a high speed, a negative pressure area is formed, and the liquid is sucked in and atomized through the nozzle. At this time, the kinetic energy of the airflow breaks up the liquid into tiny droplets, forming an atomization effect.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the gas-liquid distribution mechanism consists of a liquid outlet 6 and a gas outlet 4 . The gas outlet 4 is inside the central pipe 8 , and the liquid outlet 6 is around the upper end of the central pipe 8 .

[0041] The flow of gas usually forms bubbles on the surface of the liquid, thereby increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the mass transfer efficiency. Through reasonable design, the gas-liquid distribution mechanism uses the principles of fluid dynamics to distribute gas and liquid in appropriate proportions and speeds. This can be achieved by adjusting parameters such as the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the gas and liquid. Through the above steps, the gas-liquid distribution mechanism is used to transport gas and liquid to subsequent processing equipment or reactors at the required proportion and rate, thereby destroying the formation of liquid plungers.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the gas-liquid atomization mechanism is composed of a gas-liquid atomization chamber 3, and the gas-liquid atomization chamber 3 is located inside the joint 2 and on the upper part of the central pipe 8. Inside the atomization mechanism, the gas and the liquid will meet in a specific mixing zone. The design here usually causes the gas to flow at a high speed and mix with the liquid. When the gas flows at a high speed, a negative pressure area is formed, and the liquid is sucked in and atomized through the nozzle. At this time, the kinetic energy of the airflow breaks up the liquid into tiny droplets, forming an atomization effect.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown: the pressure relief mechanism is composed of a liquid discharge ball 10, a spring 11 and a liquid discharge hole 12. The left end of the spring 11 is directly connected to the liquid discharge ball 10, the right end of the spring 11 is fixedly connected to the groove at the rightmost end of the pressure relief mechanism, the liquid discharge ball 10 is in contact with the leftmost channel of the pressure relief mechanism, and the liquid discharge hole 12 is installed around the inner wall of the bottom of the pressure relief mechanism and is connected to the gas-liquid inlet 13 at the rightmost end of the gas-liquid separator.

[0044] When the liquid inside the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 reaches a certain value, under the action of pressure, the spring 11 is compressed, the liquid is released through the drain hole 12, and the excessive pressure is quickly released into the oil pipe. Through a specific mechanism, the pressure inside the system is automatically or manually released when the pressure exceeds the set value to ensure the safety and stability of the system. This process can effectively prevent equipment or containers from rupture, leakage or other safety accidents due to overpressure.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown: this part is a cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, and the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 is a spiral cylinder, which is composed of a cylinder and a spiral surface protruding from the surface of the cylinder. Such a structure enables the gas-liquid mixture to form a spiral rotating flow, and under the action of centrifugal force, the gas and liquid can be efficiently separated, with a high separation efficiency.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown: the central pipe 8 includes a vertical pipe, and a cylindrical structure is installed at the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The center of the cylindrical structure is a gas outlet hole, and liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals around the gas outlet hole. A base is arranged away from the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The base is a circular ring structure and is used to disperse the gas separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5.

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown: this part is the driving accelerator 9, which is a cyclone blade, which is composed of a shell and four blades. When the gas-liquid mixture is separated by the gas-liquid separator, the liquid passes through the cyclone accelerator under the action of gravity, which speeds up the gas-liquid separation.

[0048] The cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the joint 2 at the left end of the gas-liquid separator through a threaded connection, and the driving accelerator 9 is at the right end of the central pipe 8 and is fixed to the central pipe 8 through a threaded connection.

[0049] Working principle of the present invention:

[0050] like Fig. 9 As shown, after the gas-liquid mixture enters from the gas-liquid inlet 13, the feed fluid enters the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5 at a certain speed and angle, forming a rotating flow. The mixture is affected by the special structure inside the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, forming a spiral rotating flow. Due to the centrifugal force of the fluid, the heavier liquid is forced to move outward, while the lighter gas gathers in the central area.

[0051] In the rotating flow, the liquid is subjected to a greater centrifugal force due to its higher density, moves toward the wall of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 5, flows downward along the wall, and is finally discharged and distributed through the liquid outlet 6. At the same time, the gas gathers toward the central area due to its lower density, and is discharged and distributed through the gas outlet 4. Inside the atomization mechanism, the gas and liquid meet in a specific mixing zone. The design here usually causes the gas to flow at high speed and mix with the liquid. When the gas flows at high speed, a negative pressure area is formed, and the liquid is sucked in and atomized through the nozzle. At this time, the kinetic energy of the airflow breaks up the liquid into tiny droplets, forming an atomization effect. When the liquid in the cavity reaches a certain value, under the action of pressure, the spring 11 is compressed, the liquid is released through the release channel, and the excessive pressure is quickly released into the oil pipe. This process can effectively prevent equipment or containers from rupture, leakage or other safety accidents due to overpressure.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in gas well efficient production, characterized in that: The invention comprises a central pipeline (8), a cyclone gas-liquid separator (5) is arranged outside the central pipeline (8), a gas-liquid inlet pipeline is arranged outside the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5), the outlet end of the central pipeline (8) is a gas outlet (4), a gas-liquid inlet hole is arranged on the gas-liquid inlet pipeline near the outlet end of the central pipeline (8), the mixed gas and liquid entering from the gas-liquid inlet (13) flows into the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5) through the gas-liquid inlet hole for separation, a liquid outlet pipeline is also left between the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5) and the central pipeline (8), the inlet of the liquid outlet pipeline is at a position far away from the outlet end of the central pipeline (8); the liquid separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5) is discharged through the liquid outlet pipeline via the liquid outlet (6), and the liquid outlet (6) is arranged at a position near the outlet end of the central pipeline (8); A driving accelerator (9) is arranged outside the central pipe (8) away from the outlet end of the central pipe (8); After separation by the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5), the gas flows out of the gas outlet (4) through the center of the central pipeline (8); The output end of the central pipeline (8) is connected to the gas-liquid atomization mechanism, and the other end away from the output end of the central pipeline (8) is provided with a pressure relief mechanism.

2. A gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid atomization mechanism comprises a gas-liquid atomization chamber (3), the gas-liquid atomization chamber (3) is located inside the joint (2), the output end of the gas-liquid atomization chamber (3) is connected to the channel (1) after the liquid is separated inside the joint (2), and the input end of the gas-liquid atomization chamber (3) is connected to the output end of the central pipeline (8).

3. The gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A joint (2) is provided at the outlet end of the central pipe (8) and the end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5); the joint (2) is connected to the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5) via a thread; a channel (1) and a gas-liquid atomization chamber (3) are provided inside the joint (2); the gas-liquid atomization chamber (3) is respectively connected to the liquid outlet (6) and the gas outlet (4).

4. The gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central pipe (8) comprises a vertical pipe, the outlet end of the vertical pipe is equipped with a cylindrical structure, the center of the cylindrical structure is a gas outlet hole, liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals around the gas outlet hole, and a base is arranged away from the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The base is a circular ring structure and is used to disperse the gas separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5).

5. The gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving accelerator (9) comprises a shell, and four fan blades are arranged inside the shell.

6. The gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief mechanism comprises a pressure relief mechanism body, a channel is left at a position of the pressure relief mechanism body opposite to the central pipe (8), a groove is opened on the pressure relief mechanism body at a position directly opposite to the channel, a spring (11) is arranged inside the groove, a drain ball (10) is placed inside the channel opening inside the pressure relief mechanism body, the drain ball (10) is directly connected to the spring (11), and drain holes (12) are arranged around the inner wall of the bottom of the pressure relief mechanism body, and the drain holes (12) are connected to the gas-liquid inlet (13).

7. A gas-liquid separator for destroying liquid column slugs in efficient gas well production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas-liquid inlet (13) is arranged at the other end of the pressure relief mechanism body relative to the central pipeline (8), and a gas-liquid channel is left outside the pressure relief mechanism body. The mixed gas and liquid enter the gas-liquid channel through the gas-liquid inlet (13) and enter from the gas-liquid inlet pipeline outside the cyclone gas-liquid separator (5). The gas-liquid channel is connected to the gas-liquid inlet pipeline.

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