Visual flow experiment device and method for simulating conventional sucker-rod oil pumping dynamics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of low-permeability oil and gas reservoir development, in particular to a visual flow experimental device and experimental method for simulating conventional sucker-rod oil pumping dynamics. The visual flow experimental device comprises a constant-pressure water supply device, a microscopic displacement device, a measuring cylinder and a vacuum suction device, and a first water supply pipeline is communicated between an outlet of the constant-pressure water supply device and an inlet in the bottom of the measuring cylinder; an inlet in the top of the vacuum suction device is fixedly communicated with a vacuum hose, the inlet end of the vacuum hose extends into the measuring cylinder, and the influence of the change amplitude of the bottom hole pressure on seepage is controlled by simulating different stroke and stroke frequency conditions of the pumping unit. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, measurement and calculation of various pressures are easy, experimental phenomena are convenient to observe, record and analyze, a conventional sucker-rod oil pumping system can be simulated, the influence of dynamic changes of different drainage and mining systems and disturbance of bottom hole pressure on oil reservoir seepage can be researched, optimal production system parameters under different oil reservoir conditions can be optimized, and the device is suitable for popularization and application. Therefore, the production cost is reduced, and the oil reservoir recovery efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of low-permeability oil and gas reservoir development, and is a visualized flow experimental device and an experimental method for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping. Background Art

[0002] The factors affecting the recovery rate of oil and gas fields include internal factors and external factors. In the process of oil and gas field development, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the internal and external factors of oil and gas fields to maximize the recovery rate of oil and gas fields. Since the oil field is buried underground and is a hidden entity, during the exploitation process, the oil, gas and water inside it are constantly flowing and changing. This rheological property is a feature that other solid mineral deposits do not have. Therefore, to effectively develop oil fields, it is necessary to continuously adjust various measures during the development process to adapt to the changing situation; at the same time, it is necessary to continuously transform the oil layer so that it can change and develop in the direction that people have predetermined and is conducive to development. This is a problem that needs to be continuously studied and solved during the development of oil fields. In addition, during the development of oil fields, there is always a need for engineering technology that can adapt to changes in underground conditions to achieve effective development goals. That is, advanced oil production process technology is needed.

[0003] The rod pumping system is widely used in oil fields at home and abroad. It is the artificial lifting method that has an absolute dominant position in mechanical oil production. The rod pumping technology of the pumping unit is the dominant mechanical oil production method, and its number of wells accounts for about 95% of the total number of artificial lift wells. my country's pumping units, rods, pumps and corresponding supporting technologies have formed a series, among which the pumping units include conventional beam pumping units, special-shaped beam pumping units, extended-distance pumping units, chain pumps and beamless pumping units. The sucker rods include conventional solid pumping rods of various strength levels, hollow pumping rods, continuous pumping rods, wire rope pumping rods and fiberglass pumping rods. According to the requirements of mining and the different properties of fluids, special pumps such as fixed-barrel top fixed-rod pumps, fixed-barrel bottom fixed-rod pumps, movable-barrel bottom fixed-rod pumps, whole-barrel tubular pumps, combined tubular pumps, soft-seal pumps, heavy oil pumps, sand-blocking pumps, gas-proof pumps, corrosion-resistant pumps, double-acting pumps, bridge pumps, and hollow pumps have been developed to form a complete series of oil well pumps. However, due to the increasingly complex reservoirs, the optimization of the rod pumping system parameters urgently needs to be studied.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent document with publication number CN109799105 reports an experimental device and method for a rod pumping system suitable for high gas-liquid ratio oil wells. The experimental device consists of power supply and transmission equipment, gas-liquid supply equipment, data measurement and control and acquisition equipment, experimental pipe string and gas prevention device. However, it mainly needs to find out the applicable gas-liquid ratio limits of various air anchors and anti-air pumps, as well as the limits of the use of various anti-air pumps coupled with air anchors, and finally obtain the applicable gas-liquid ratio limits of various air anchors, anti-air pumps and air anchor coupled anti-air pumps, so as to provide more effective guidance for the production of high gas-liquid ratio oil wells, but cannot solve the judgment of the influence of the operation of the pumping unit on the seepage of the oil reservoir.

[0005] At present, the lifting and drainage system for non-flowing wells mainly relies on experience. Due to the strong heterogeneity of the reservoir, large differences in oil quality, and complex oil-water relationships, it often leads to low lifting efficiency and high costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a visualized flow experimental device and an experimental method for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problems of the existing non-flowing well lifting and production system, such as the inconvenience in observing and studying the influence of the operation of the pumping unit on the seepage of the oil reservoir, the low oil reservoir efficiency and the high production cost.

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a visualized flow experimental device that simulates the dynamics of conventional rod pumping, including a constant-pressure water supply device, a microscopic displacement device, a measuring tube and a vacuum suction device, a first water supply pipeline is fixedly connected between the outlet of the constant-pressure water supply device and the inlet of the microscopic displacement device, a third water supply pipeline is connected between the outlet of the microscopic displacement device and the bottom inlet of the measuring tube, a vacuum hose is fixedly connected to the top inlet of the vacuum suction device, and the inlet end of the vacuum hose extends into the measuring tube.

[0008] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions: The above-mentioned constant pressure water supply device includes a constant pressure water tank, a float valve and a water adder. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the water outlet of the water adder and the water inlet of the constant pressure water tank. A first water supply pipeline is connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank and the inlet of the micro-displacement device. A float valve is arranged in the constant pressure water tank, a first switch is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe, and a second switch is fixedly installed on the first water supply pipeline.

[0009] The above-mentioned float valve comprises a small ball and a connecting rod, and the small ball is connected to the water filling port of the water adder through the connecting rod.

[0010] The above-mentioned microscopic displacement device includes a camera, a microscopic experimental frame, a bottom light source, a glass etching model and a computer. The bottom light source and the glass etching model are placed on the platform at the bottom of the microscopic experimental frame. The bracket at the top of the microscopic experimental frame is provided with a camera. The camera is electrically connected to the computer. A first water supply pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank and the inlet of the glass etching model, and a third water supply pipeline is fixedly connected between the outlet of the glass etching model and the bottom inlet of the measuring cylinder.

[0011] The above-mentioned vacuum suction device includes a vacuum bottle and a vacuum pump. A sealable rubber plug is arranged on the top of the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle. The outlet end of the vacuum hose passes through the rubber plug and extends into the vacuum bottle. A vacuum gauge is arranged at the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle. A vacuum pumping pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle and the inlet of the vacuum pump. The inlet end of the vacuum pumping pipeline extends into the vacuum bottle. A solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the vacuum pumping pipeline. A pressure sensor and a solenoid valve controller are arranged on the solenoid valve. A vacuum control valve is fixedly installed on the vacuum pumping pipeline between the solenoid valve and the vacuum pump.

[0012] The above-mentioned visualized flow experimental device for quasi-conventional rod pumping dynamics also includes a first bracket and a second bracket, the constant pressure water tank is arranged on the first bracket, and the measuring tube is fixedly installed on the second bracket.

[0013] The container wall of the measuring cylinder is marked with scale lines for reading the liquid level in the barrel. A valve group is arranged between the second bracket and the measuring cylinder. The inlet of the valve group is connected to the measuring cylinder, and a water tank is arranged at the outlet of the valve group.

[0014] The above-mentioned visualization flow experimental device simulating conventional rod pumping dynamics also includes a horizontal flow pump and an intermediate container. A second water supply pipeline is connected between the top outlet of the intermediate container and the inlet of the glass etching model. The outlet of the glass etching model is connected to a fourth water supply pipeline. The outlet of the fourth water supply pipeline extends into the water tank. A horizontal flow pump that can deliver the fluid in the intermediate container to the second water supply pipeline is arranged at one end of the intermediate container.

[0015] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: an experimental method for implementing a visualized flow experimental device simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping, which is carried out according to the following steps: the first step is to first fill the glass etching model with saturated formation water, and then fill it with saturated experimental oil to form bound water; the second step is to open the first switch, fill the constant pressure water tank with water through the water adder, and then open the second switch, first try to carry out the water drive process of the glass etching model, and at the same time, start the vacuum pump to check the air tightness of the device, and then stop the vacuum pump; the third step is to adjust the switch in the valve group according to the pressure required for the experiment, adjust the height difference between the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank and the measuring cylinder, and ensure that the bottom hole flow pressure remains unchanged during the experiment; the fourth step is to start the vacuum pump, Adjust the solenoid valve controller and set the frequency of the solenoid valve controller, adjust the vacuum control valve at the same time, set the vacuum pumping speed, and start a visualized flow experiment simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping; the fifth step is to observe the influence of the bottom hole pressure disturbance caused by the operation of the pumping unit on the reservoir seepage through the microscopic displacement device, record the dynamic displacement process with a computer, organize, calculate and analyze the experimental results, and obtain the production system parameters under different reservoir conditions; the sixth step is to change the setting frequency of the solenoid valve controller and the vacuum pumping speed of the vacuum control valve, and repeat the fourth and fifth steps; the seventh step is to change the pressure conditions required for the experiment, repeat the fourth, fifth and sixth steps, and select the best production system parameters under different reservoir conditions.

[0016] The invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It is easy to measure and calculate various pressures, and the experimental phenomena are easy to observe, record and analyze. It can simulate a conventional rod pumping system, study the dynamic changes of different drainage systems and the influence of the disturbance of bottom hole pressure on reservoir seepage, and select the best production system parameters under different reservoir conditions, thereby reducing production costs and improving reservoir recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Attached Figure 1 The figure is a process flow diagram of a visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping.

[0018] Attached Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process flow of a saturation experiment using a visualized flow experimental device that simulates the dynamics of conventional rod pumping.

[0019] The codes in the attached drawings are: 1 is a constant pressure water tank, 2 is a float valve, 3 is a water adder, 4-1 is a first bracket, 4-2 is a second bracket, 5 is a first water supply pipeline, 6-1 is a first switch, 6-2 is a second switch, 7 is a camera, 8 is a microscopic experiment stand, 9 is a bottom light source, 10 is a glass etching model, 11 is a computer, 12 is a measuring cylinder, 13 is a vacuum hose, 14 is a valve group, 15 is a sink, 16 is a vacuum bottle, 17 is a vacuum pump, 18 is a vacuum control valve, 19 is a solenoid valve, 20 is a pressure sensor, 21 is a solenoid valve controller, 22 is a vacuum gauge, 23 is a rubber stopper, 24 is an intermediate container, 25 is a horizontal flow pump, 26 is a vacuum pipeline, 27 is a second water supply pipeline, 28 is a third water supply pipeline, and 29 is a fourth water supply pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments: Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 As shown, the visualized flow experimental device simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping comprises a constant-pressure water supply device, a microscopic displacement device, a measuring tube 12 and a vacuum suction device. A first water supply pipeline 5 is connected between the outlet of the constant-pressure water supply device and the inlet of the microscopic displacement device, a third water supply pipeline 28 is connected between the outlet of the microscopic displacement device and the bottom inlet of the measuring tube 12, and a vacuum hose 13 is fixedly connected to the top inlet of the vacuum suction device, and the inlet end of the vacuum hose 13 extends into the measuring tube 12.

[0022] The present invention can study the bottom hole pressure disturbance caused by the operation of the conventional rod pumping unit and its influence on the reservoir seepage through the visualized flow experimental device simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping units, and optimize the best pumping unit parameters under different reservoir conditions, thereby reducing production costs and improving reservoir recovery; it can realize the visualization of reservoir seepage simulation during the experiment, simulate different pumping unit stroke and stroke conditions, and control the influence of the change amplitude of the bottom hole pressure on the seepage, so as to facilitate the observation and study of the influence of the operation of the pumping unit on the reservoir seepage. It establishes a connection between the development system and the lifting system, improves the reservoir seepage development effect through the adjustment of the lifting system, avoids the drawback of adjusting the pumping unit parameters based on experience, and provides a new idea and means for unconventional oil reservoirs with large differences in heavy oil products, strong formation heterogeneity, and complex oil-water relationships.

[0023] Embodiment 2: As attached Figure 1As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the constant pressure water supply device includes a constant pressure water tank 1, a float valve 2 and a water adder 3, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the water outlet of the water adder 3 and the water inlet of the constant pressure water tank 1, a first water supply pipeline 5 is connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank 1 and the inlet of the micro-displacement device, a float valve 2 is arranged in the constant pressure water tank 1, a first switch 6-1 is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe, and a second switch 6-2 is fixedly installed on the first water supply pipeline 5.

[0024] Embodiment 3: As attached Figure 1 As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the float valve 2 includes a small ball and a connecting rod, and the small ball is connected to the water inlet of the water adder 3 through the connecting rod.

[0025] According to the needs, the float valve 2 and the water adder 3 are controlled to add water to the constant pressure water tank 1 at the same time. After a certain amount of water is added to the constant pressure water tank 1, the pressure in the constant pressure water tank 1 is ensured to remain unchanged.

[0026] The main structure of the float valve 2 is a small ball that can float on the water surface. The small ball is connected to the water inlet of the water adder 3 through a connecting rod and controls the opening and closing of the water inlet. When the small ball and the connecting rod are in a horizontal state, the water inlet remains closed; when the small ball falls as the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank 1 drops, the small ball and the connecting rod deviate from the horizontal direction, and the water inlet will open to add water to the constant pressure water tank 1 until the liquid level returns to the original height and then stop adding water, thereby ensuring that the pressure in the constant pressure water tank 1 remains unchanged, and the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank 1 is relatively easy to measure.

[0027] Embodiment 4: As attached Figure 1 As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the microscopic displacement device includes a camera 7, a microscopic experimental stand 8, a bottom light source 9, a glass etching model 10 and a computer 11. The bottom light source 9 and the glass etching model 10 are placed on the platform at the bottom of the microscopic experimental stand 8. The camera 7 is provided on the bracket at the top of the microscopic experimental stand 8. The camera 7 is electrically connected to the computer 11. A first water supply pipeline 5 is connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank 1 and the inlet of the glass etching model 10. A third water supply pipeline 28 is connected between the outlet of the glass etching model 10 and the bottom inlet of the measuring cylinder 12.

[0028] According to the need, the microscopic displacement device is connected with the constant pressure water supply device to simulate the seepage process of the oil reservoir. The camera 7 cooperates with the bottom light source 9 to shoot the seepage displacement process of the glass etching model 10, and the computer 11 observes and records the seepage process.

[0029] Embodiment 5: As attached Figure 1As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the vacuum suction device includes a vacuum bottle 16 and a vacuum pump 17, a sealable rubber stopper 23 is arranged on the top of the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle 16, the outlet end of the vacuum hose 13 passes through the rubber stopper 23 and extends into the vacuum bottle 16, a vacuum gauge 22 is arranged at the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle 16, a vacuum line 26 is fixedly connected between the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle 16 and the inlet of the vacuum pump 17, the inlet end of the vacuum line 26 extends into the vacuum bottle 16, a solenoid valve 19 is fixedly installed on the vacuum line 26, a pressure sensor 20 and a solenoid valve controller 21 are arranged on the solenoid valve 19, and a vacuum control valve 18 is fixedly installed on the vacuum line 26 between the solenoid valve 19 and the vacuum pump 17.

[0030] According to the needs, the mouth of the vacuum bottle 16 is sealed with a rubber stopper 23 to ensure the air tightness of the vacuum suction device, and the vacuum gauge 22 connected to the mouth of the bottle can measure the vacuum pressure.

[0031] Among them, the solenoid valve 19 is connected with a pressure sensor 20 and a solenoid valve controller 21. The pressure sensor 20 can measure the pressure at both ends of the solenoid valve 19. The solenoid valve controller 21 controls the frequency of opening and closing of the solenoid valve 19, such as controlling the solenoid valve 19 to open for 20 seconds and close for 20 seconds. The frequency of the solenoid valve 19 is 0.025Hz, which can simulate the different strokes and strokes of conventional rod pumping units and control the amplitude of the change of the bottom hole pressure. When the solenoid valve 19 is opened, the vacuum pump 17 starts to work, a negative pressure will be formed in the vacuum bottle 16, and the liquid in the measuring cylinder 12 will be pumped into the vacuum bottle 16 through the vacuum hose 13. When the vacuum solenoid valve 19 is closed, the vacuum pump 17 stops working, the pressure in the vacuum bottle 16 will remain unchanged, and no liquid will be discharged into the vacuum bottle 16. This process can simulate the up and down strokes of the rod pump.

[0032] Embodiment 6: As attached Figure 1 As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the visualized flow experimental device simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping also includes a first bracket 4-1 and a second bracket 4-2, the constant pressure water tank 1 is arranged on the first bracket 4-1, and the measuring tube 12 is fixedly installed on the second bracket 4-2.

[0033] Embodiment 7: As attached Figure 1 As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the container wall of the measuring cylinder 12 is marked with scale lines for reading the height of the liquid level in the barrel, a valve group 14 is arranged between the second bracket 4-2 and the measuring cylinder 12, the inlet of the valve group 14 is connected to the measuring cylinder 12, and a water tank 15 is arranged at the outlet of the valve group 14.

[0034] As needed, the measuring tube 12 is connected to the microscopic displacement device to simulate the dynamic changes of the multiphase flow in the wellbore. A vacuum hose 13 is placed in the measuring tube 12 to simulate the oil pumping pipe. The vacuum suction device can provide suction power, and the measuring tube 12 is combined to simulate the rod pumping process.

[0035] The measuring tube 12 is a transparent pressure-resistant glass device fixed on the first bracket 4-2. The measuring tube 12 has scale lines on its container wall, which can read the liquid level in the barrel. When the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank 1 is known, the difference between the liquid level in the measuring tube 12 and the liquid level in the measuring tube 12 can be used to calculate the seepage pressure difference and production pressure difference in the microscopic displacement process. The measuring tube 12 is also equipped with valve groups 14 at different heights. Opening the valves at different heights of the valve group 14 can control different liquid level heights in the measuring tube 12, simulating the production of constant bottom flow pressure in different oil production processes. The liquid discharged by the valve group 14 flows into the water tank 15.

[0036] Embodiment 8: As attached Figure 2 As shown, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the visualization flow experiment device of the conventional rod pumping dynamics also includes a horizontal flow pump 25 and an intermediate container 24, a second water supply pipeline 27 is connected between the top outlet of the intermediate container 24 and the inlet of the glass etching model 10, the outlet of the glass etching model 10 is connected to the fourth water supply pipeline 29, and the outlet of the fourth water supply pipeline 29 extends into the water tank 15, and a horizontal flow pump 25 capable of delivering the fluid in the intermediate container 24 to the second water supply pipeline 27 is arranged at one end of the intermediate container 24.

[0037] Embodiment 9: The experimental method of the visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping is carried out according to the following steps: the first step is to first fill the glass etching model 10 with saturated formation water, and then fill it with saturated experimental oil to form bound water; the second step is to open the first switch 6-1, fill the constant pressure water tank 1 with water through the water adder 3, and then open the second switch 6-2, first try to carry out the water drive process of the glass etching model 10, and at the same time, start the vacuum pump 17 to check the air tightness of the device, and then stop the vacuum pump 17; the third step is to adjust the switch in the valve group 14 according to the pressure required for the experiment, adjust the height difference between the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank 1 and the measuring tube 12, and ensure that the bottom hole flow pressure remains unchanged during the experiment; the fourth step is to start the vacuum pump 17 and adjust the electromagnetic The valve controller 21 sets the frequency of the solenoid valve controller 21, adjusts the vacuum control valve 18 at the same time, sets the vacuum pumping speed, and starts a visualized flow experiment simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping; the fifth step is to observe the influence of the bottom hole pressure disturbance caused by the operation of the pumping unit on the seepage of the reservoir through the microscopic displacement device, record the dynamic displacement process with the computer 11, organize, calculate and analyze the experimental results, and obtain the production system parameters under different reservoir conditions; the sixth step is to change the setting frequency of the solenoid valve controller 21 and the vacuum pumping speed of the vacuum control valve 18, and repeat the fourth and fifth steps; the seventh step is to change the pressure conditions required for the experiment, repeat the fourth, fifth and sixth steps, and select the best production system parameters under different reservoir conditions.

[0038] The visualized flow experimental device of the present invention, which simulates the dynamics of conventional pumping rod, is used to carry out saturation experiments and water drive experiments on a microscopic glass etching model.

[0039] Example 10: The present invention simulates the conventional rod pumping dynamic visualization flow experimental device to carry out the saturation experiment of the microscopic glass etching model 10. First, the experimental device is set as Figure 2 After the connection is completed, the intermediate container 24 is filled with formation water, and the horizontal flow pump 25 is started to saturate the glass etching model 10 with formation water. Then, the intermediate container 24 is replaced with oil to start saturating the experimental oil to form bound water.

[0040] Example 11: The present invention simulates the dynamic visualization flow experiment device of conventional rod pumping oil to carry out a water drive experiment on the microscopic glass etching model 10. The difference from Example 10 is that after the glass etching model 10 is saturated with experimental oil, the intermediate container 24 is replaced with water, the horizontal flow pump 25 is turned on, and the water drive experiment is started; during the experiment, the camera 7 and the bottom light source 9 are turned on, the water drive process is observed by the computer 11, the seepage phenomenon in the glass etching model 10 is recorded, the experimental results are compared and analyzed, and the optimal production system parameters under different reservoir conditions are selected.

[0041] Example 12: Using the visualized flow experimental device of the present invention to simulate the dynamics of conventional rod pumping, the water drive recovery factor is calculated: the image recognition, calculation and statistical functions of the image processing software (Imagepro-plus6.0) are used to calculate the images of the glass etching model 10 before and after water drive. The software can identify the image according to the color, count the remaining oil pixels, and calculate the area of ​​the remaining oil. The water drive recovery factor calculation formula is: .

[0042] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, is easy to measure and calculate various pressures, and the experimental phenomena are easy to observe, record and analyze. It can simulate a conventional rod pumping system, study the dynamic changes of different drainage systems and the influence of the disturbance of bottom hole pressure on reservoir seepage, and select the best production system parameters under different reservoir conditions, thereby reducing production costs and improving reservoir recovery.

[0043] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A visual flow experimental device simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping, characterized in that It includes a constant-pressure water supply device, a microscopic displacement device, a measuring tube and a vacuum suction device. A first water supply pipeline is connected between the outlet of the constant-pressure water supply device and the inlet of the microscopic displacement device, a third water supply pipeline is connected between the outlet of the microscopic displacement device and the inlet at the bottom of the measuring tube, and a vacuum hose is fixedly connected to the top inlet of the vacuum suction device, and the inlet end of the vacuum hose extends into the measuring tube.

2. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 1 is characterized in that The constant pressure water supply device includes a constant pressure water tank, a float valve and a water adder. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the water outlet of the water adder and the water inlet of the constant pressure water tank. A first water supply pipeline is connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank and the inlet of the micro-displacement device. A float valve is arranged in the constant pressure water tank. A first switch is fixedly installed on the connecting pipe, and a second switch is fixedly installed on the first water supply pipeline.

3. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 2 is characterized in that The float valve comprises a small ball and a connecting rod, and the small ball is connected to the water filling port of the water adder through the connecting rod.

4. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The microscopic displacement device includes a camera, a microscopic experimental frame, a bottom light source, a glass etching model and a computer. The bottom light source and the glass etching model are placed on the platform at the bottom of the microscopic experimental frame. The bracket at the top of the microscopic experimental frame is provided with a camera. The camera is electrically connected to the computer. A first water supply pipeline is connected between the bottom outlet of the constant pressure water tank and the inlet of the glass etching model. A third water supply pipeline is connected between the outlet of the glass etching model and the bottom inlet of the measuring cylinder.

5. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that The vacuum suction device includes a vacuum bottle and a vacuum pump. A sealable rubber plug is arranged on the top of the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle. The outlet end of the vacuum hose passes through the rubber plug and extends into the vacuum bottle. A vacuum gauge is arranged at the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle. A vacuum pumping pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottle mouth of the vacuum bottle and the inlet of the vacuum pump. The inlet end of the vacuum pumping pipeline extends into the vacuum bottle. A solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the vacuum pumping pipeline. A pressure sensor and a solenoid valve controller are arranged on the solenoid valve. A vacuum control valve is fixedly installed on the vacuum pumping pipeline between the solenoid valve and the vacuum pump.

6. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that It also includes a first bracket and a second bracket, the constant pressure water tank is arranged on the first bracket, and the measuring tube is fixedly installed on the second bracket.

7. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 6, characterized in that The container wall of the measuring cylinder is marked with scale lines for reading the liquid level in the barrel. A valve group is arranged between the second bracket and the measuring cylinder. The inlet of the valve group is connected with the measuring cylinder, and a water tank is arranged at the outlet of the valve group.

8. The visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to claim 7, characterized in that It also includes a horizontal flow pump and an intermediate container. A second water supply pipeline is connected between the top outlet of the intermediate container and the inlet of the glass etching model. The outlet of the glass etching model is connected to a fourth water supply pipeline. The outlet of the fourth water supply pipeline extends into the water tank. A horizontal flow pump is arranged at one end of the intermediate container, which can deliver the fluid in the intermediate container to the second water supply pipeline.

9. An experimental method for implementing the visualized flow experimental device for simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Follow the steps below: Step 1: Fill the glass etching model with saturated formation water, and then fill it with saturated experimental oil to form bound water; Step 2: Open the first switch, fill the constant pressure water tank with water through the water adder, and then open the second switch, first try to carry out the water drive process of the glass etching model, and at the same time, start the vacuum pump to check the air tightness of the device, and then stop the vacuum pump; Step 3: According to the pressure required for the experiment, adjust the switch in the valve group, adjust the height difference between the liquid level in the constant pressure water tank and the measuring cylinder, and ensure that the bottom hole flow pressure remains unchanged during the experiment; Step 4: Start the vacuum pump, adjust the solenoid valve controller and set the frequency of the solenoid valve controller, and at the same time adjust the vacuum pump. Set the vacuum control valve, set the vacuum pumping speed, and start the visualized flow experiment simulating the dynamics of conventional rod pumping; the fifth step is to observe the influence of the bottom hole pressure disturbance caused by the operation of the pumping unit on the reservoir seepage through the microscopic displacement device, record the dynamic displacement process with a computer, organize, calculate and analyze the experimental results, and obtain the production system parameters under different reservoir conditions; the sixth step is to change the setting frequency of the solenoid valve controller and the vacuum pumping speed of the vacuum control valve, and repeat the operations of the fourth and fifth steps; the seventh step is to change the pressure conditions required for the experiment, repeat the operations of the fourth, fifth and sixth steps, and select the best production system parameters under different reservoir conditions.

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