Active reinforcing device for surrounding rock of fracture zone

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a crushed zone surrounding rock active reinforcing device which comprises an advanced small guide pipe, the advanced small guide pipe comprises a pipe body, a plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe body, one end of the pipe body is arranged in a conical shape, the other end of the pipe body is arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, and a plugging mechanism is arranged at the other end of the pipe body; according to the device, the plugging mechanism is arranged to plug the hole opening of the hole, slurry is blocked in the hole, the possibility of slurry outflow waste or slurry impact discharge is reduced, the plugging mechanism is simple in structure, convenient to operate and easy to install on the pipe body, normal use of the pipe body cannot be affected, and meanwhile after the slurry is dried and solidified, the slurry is prevented from falling off. The plugging mechanism can be taken down from the pipe body, slurry on the surface of the plugging mechanism is cleaned up, the plugging mechanism can be recycled for multiple times, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to an active reinforcement device for surrounding rocks in a broken zone. Background Art

[0002] Some supporting means are often used to reinforce the surrounding rock in the broken zone. For example, the use of advance small pipes can effectively reinforce the loose rock formations. The construction principle is to drill holes along the excavation contour before tunnel excavation, and then drive the advance small pipe into the hole. The advance small pipe is exposed outside the hole and supported on the steel frame of the tunnel arch. Then the advance small pipe is grouted. The slurry is generally cement slurry. The slurry is injected into the advance small pipe through a high-pressure mud pump. Then the slurry overflows into the hole along the through holes set on the advance small pipe. The slurry penetrates into the gaps in the rock formation along the gaps in the hole, increasing the stiffness of the advance small pipe and consolidating the loose surrounding rock in front, so that it can support the surrounding rock above the arch within the excavation footage, and effectively restrain the surrounding rock from loosening and collapsing within a certain period of time after excavation.

[0003] During the grouting process, the slurry overflows along the through holes and penetrates into the cracks in the rock formation. At the same time, part of the slurry flows out along the gap between the advance small tube and the hole. That is, the slurry flows toward the relatively low-pressure hole mouth instead of flowing into the cracks in the rock formation that is difficult to penetrate, which will cause a large amount of mud to be wasted.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an active reinforcement device for surrounding rocks in the broken zone is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the present invention is a broken zone surrounding rock active reinforcement device, comprising an advance small guide tube, the advance small guide tube comprising a tube body, a plurality of through holes are provided on the tube body, one end of the tube body is arranged in a cone shape, the other end of the tube body is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and a blocking mechanism is provided at the other end of the tube body;

[0007] The plugging mechanism is used to plug the gap between the pipe body and the hole opening on the rock mass, and the plugging mechanism includes two clamping pipes arranged in half, the inner surface shape of each clamping pipe is adapted to the outer ring shape of the other end of the pipe body, and the outer ring of the end of each clamping pipe away from the other end of the pipe body is provided with a threaded body, and the threaded body is sealed in the gap between the pipe body and the hole opening on the earthwork;

[0008] A fastening plate is arranged on the opposite side walls of the two clamping tubes, and the two clamping tubes arranged in half are clamped at the other end of the tube body, and the two opposite fastening plates are fastened together by bolts and nuts.

[0009] Preferably, the outer ring of the other end of the tube body is provided with a plurality of limiting rings; the inner wall of each clamping tube is provided with a plurality of semi-annular protrusions, and two clamping tubes arranged in half are clamped at the other end of the tube body, and the protrusions are embedded in the gap between two adjacent limiting rings.

[0010] Preferably, a reinforcement structure for fixing the tunnel side wall is provided between adjacent advanced small ducts;

[0011] The reinforcement structure includes multiple grouting pipes, one end of each grouting pipe is inserted into a grouting hole opened on the tunnel side wall, and the other end of the grouting pipe protrudes from the tunnel side wall and is fixed by a support plate. The support plate is attached to the tunnel side wall, and each of the grouting pipes has multiple discharge ports.

[0012] Preferably, a hook plate is provided on the outer surface of each discharge port, one end of the hook plate is fixedly connected to a position on the discharge port close to one end of the grouting pipe, and the other end of the hook plate is inclined and arranged away from the surface of the grouting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the other end of each hook plate is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge port.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of pull plates are provided on the back of the support plate, each pull plate is inserted with a longitudinal steel bar, the longitudinal steel bar is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the support plate, and transverse steel bars are inserted between the longitudinal steel bars, and the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are both attached to the side wall of the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, a row of rectangular holes are provided on the support plate, and a pull plate is provided in each rectangular hole. One end of the pull plate is hook-shaped and is placed on the back of the support plate. The hook portion of the pull plate hooks the longitudinal steel bars, and a threaded rod is provided at the other end of the pull plate. The threaded rod passes through the rectangular hole and extends to the surface of the support plate, and a fastening nut is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0016] Preferably, one end of each of the grouting pipes is arranged in a cone shape, and a plurality of discharge holes are provided on the surface of the cone portion of the grouting pipe, and the discharge holes are connected to the interior of the grouting pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the end of each longitudinal steel bar is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0018] Preferably, the outer ring of each grouting pipe is provided with a spiral groove.

[0019] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, the threaded body on the clamping tube is embedded in the gap between the tube body and the hole to seal the gap. Before the threaded body is embedded in the gap, some slurry can be pre-applied on the surface of the threaded body, or some plugging agent can be applied. The drying and solidification time is short. After the threaded body is embedded in the gap, the plugging agent can dry and solidify quickly, and the sealing mechanism together with the tube body is sealed and fixed at the hole mouth, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, a plugging mechanism is provided to plug the hole opening of the hole, thereby blocking the slurry in the hole, reducing the waste of slurry outflow or the possibility of mud impact discharge, and the plugging mechanism has a simple structure, convenient operation, and is easy to install on the pipe body without affecting the normal use of the pipe body. At the same time, after the slurry dries and solidifies, the plugging mechanism can be removed from the pipe body, the slurry on the surface of the plugging mechanism can be cleaned, and it can be used repeatedly to reduce costs.

[0022] 3. In the present invention, the slurry discharged from the grouting holes can be shielded by the shielding effect of the support plate to prevent the slurry from impacting the operator. When the slurry in the grouting holes and the grouting pipe solidifies in the grouting holes, the grouting pipe solidifies in the grouting holes, and the grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the support plate, the support plate can maintain a fixing force in the radial direction of the tunnel, and the rock mass on the inner wall of the tunnel is further strengthened and stabilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is an exploded view from the first perspective of the cooperation between the advanced small catheter and the blocking component in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view from a second perspective of the cooperation between the advanced small catheter and the blocking component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the clamping tube in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a front view of the advanced small catheter in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A first perspective stereogram of the reinforcement structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A second perspective stereoscopic view of the reinforcement structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the grouting pipe in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the reinforcement structure and the advanced small catheter in the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support plate in the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the pull plate and the support plate in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination between the pull plate and the longitudinal reinforcement in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. advance small guide tube; 2. tube body; 3. through hole; 4. clamping tube; 5. threaded body; 6. fastening plate; 7. limiting ring; 8. protrusion; 9. grouting pipe; 10. support plate; 11. discharge port; 12. hook plate; 13. push rod; 14. pull plate; 15. longitudinal steel bar; 16. transverse steel bar; 17. rectangular hole; 18. threaded rod; 19. fastening nut; 20. discharge hole; 21. groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 , an active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone, comprising an advance small guide tube 1, wherein the advance small guide tube 1 comprises a tube body 2, a plurality of through holes 3 are provided on the tube body 2, one end of the tube body 2 is arranged in a cone shape, the other end of the tube body 2 is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and a blocking mechanism is provided at the other end of the tube body 2;

[0037] The plugging mechanism is used to plug the gap between the pipe body 2 and the hole opening on the rock mass, and the plugging mechanism includes two clamping pipes 4 arranged in half, the inner surface shape of each clamping pipe 4 is adapted to the outer ring shape of the other end of the pipe body 2, and the outer ring of the end of each clamping pipe 4 away from the other end of the pipe body 2 is provided with a threaded body 5, and the threaded body 5 is sealed in the gap between the pipe body 2 and the hole opening on the earthwork;

[0038] A fastening plate 6 is provided on the opposite side walls of the two clamping tubes 4, and the two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are clamped at the other end of the tube body 2, and the two opposite fastening plates 6 are fastened together by bolts and nuts;

[0039] In this embodiment, research is conducted through construction site and indoor tests, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other methods. The surrounding rock pre-reinforcement adopts the advanced pipe-roof grouting construction method, that is, the advanced small pipe 1 grouting construction method in this embodiment, and active grouting is used to pre-reinforce the surrounding rock in the weak broken zone. A movable small-angle advanced drilling and grouting integrated machine is simulated through indoor tests, and a horizontal or as small as possible elevation angle advanced pre-reinforcement structure design system is established. Its feasibility is verified through numerical simulation, indoor tests, field tests and other methods to ensure the safety and standardization of construction.

[0040] After verifying the feasibility of the construction, the grouting construction of the advance small conduit 1 is carried out. In this embodiment, a plugging mechanism is set at the other end of the advance small conduit 1, that is, a plugging mechanism is set at the end of the advance small conduit 1 exposed outside the hole and supported on the tunnel arch steel frame, which is used to plug the gap between the pipe body 2 and the hole opening on the rock mass, and seal the slurry in the hole to reduce the possibility of slurry overflow or impact discharge; the specific operation is: drilling along the excavation contour line, during the drilling process, the plugging mechanisms can be installed one by one at the other end of the pipe body 2, the two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are wrapped around the other end of the pipe body 2, the inner side wall of the clamping tube 4 is tightly attached to the other end surface of the pipe body 2, and the fastening plates 6 on the clamping tube 4 are arranged relatively, and then the fastening plates 6 are fixed together with bolts and nuts. At this time, the two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are tightly wrapped around the other end of the pipe body 2;

[0041] After drilling, each tube body 2 is inserted into the hole one by one, one end of the tube body 2 is embedded in the hole, and the other end of the tube body 2 is placed at the hole opening of the hole. At the same time, the threaded body 5 on the clamping tube 4 is embedded in the gap between the tube body 2 and the hole to seal the gap. Before the threaded body 5 is embedded in the gap, some slurry can be pre-applied on the surface of the threaded body 5, or some plugging agent with a short drying and solidification time can be applied. After the threaded body 5 is embedded in the gap, the plugging agent can quickly dry and solidify, and the plugging mechanism together with the tube body 2 is sealed and fixed at the hole opening, thereby improving construction efficiency;

[0042] During the grouting process, the slurry is injected into the pipe body 2 through the grouting hose by a high-pressure mud pump. The slurry overflows into the hole along the through hole 3 on the pipe body 2 and gradually penetrates into the cracks in the rock mass. At this time, the sealing mechanism blocks the hole opening and blocks the slurry in the hole, thereby reducing the waste of slurry outflow or the possibility of mud impact discharge. The sealing mechanism has a simple structure, convenient operation, and is easy to install on the pipe body 2 without affecting the normal use of the pipe body 2. At the same time, after the slurry dries and solidifies, the sealing mechanism can be removed from the pipe body 2, the slurry on the surface of the sealing mechanism can be cleaned, and it can be used repeatedly to reduce costs.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 The outer ring of the other end of the tube body 2 is provided with a plurality of limiting rings 7; the inner wall of each clamping tube 4 is provided with a plurality of semi-annular protrusions 8, and two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are clamped at the other end of the tube body 2, and the protrusions 8 are embedded in the gap between two adjacent limiting rings 7;

[0044] The frustum-shaped setting at the other end of the tube body 2 and the setting in close contact between the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 and the other end surface of the tube body 2 prevent the clamping tube 4 from separating from the tube body 2. The slurry will generate pressure on the portion of the clamping tube 4 embedded in the gap, which will generate a thrust toward the outside of the hole for the clamping tube 4. The frustum-shaped setting at the other end of the tube body 2 and the setting of the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 can restrain the clamping tube 4. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a plurality of limiting rings 7 are provided on the outer ring of the other end of the tube body 2. The limiting rings 7 cooperate with the protrusions 8 on the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 to further improve the connection strength between the clamping tube 4 and the tube body 2.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 A reinforcement structure for fixing the side wall of the tunnel is provided between adjacent small leading guide tubes 1;

[0046] The reinforcement structure includes a plurality of grouting pipes 9, one end of each grouting pipe 9 is inserted into a grouting hole opened on the tunnel side wall, and the other end of the grouting pipe 9 protrudes from the tunnel side wall and is fixedly connected by a support plate 10, the support plate 10 is attached to the tunnel side wall, and each of the grouting pipes 9 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 11;

[0047] Drilling along the excavation contour line, driving an advance small pipe 1 into the hole, and grouting to reinforce the surrounding rock is one of the measures to reinforce the surrounding rock. In this embodiment, a reinforcement structure is also designed to cooperate with the construction of the advance small pipe 1. The reinforcement structure is used to assist the construction of the advance small pipe 1 and can further reinforce the surrounding rock. The specific construction of the reinforcement structure is as follows:

[0048] After the construction of the advance small conduit 1 is completed, the tunnel is excavated, and then holes are drilled on the tunnel surface, that is, holes are drilled on the side wall of the rock mass. The drilling is carried out along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the drilled grouting holes are located between two adjacent advance small conduits 1, that is, between two adjacent holes; after the drilling of the grouting holes is completed, the grouting pipes 9 are inserted into the grouting holes one by one, and then the support plate 10 is installed on the other end of the grouting pipe 9. A plurality of mounting holes are pre-opened on the support plate 10 for mounting and fixing the grouting pipe 9, and a threaded cap is welded on the outer ring of the other end of the grouting pipe 9, which can be used in conjunction with the fastening bolts passing through the support plate 10. The fastening bolts pass through the support plate 10 and are screwed on the threaded cap. At this time, a plurality of grouting pipes 9 can be fixedly connected to one support plate 10, the integrity is improved, and the rock mass is more stable. At the same time, the support plate 10 is attached to the inner wall of the tunnel and forms a connection with the advance small conduit 1. Figure 8 In the state shown, the length direction of the support plate 10 is parallel to the leading small guide axis;

[0049] The slurry is injected into the grouting pipe 9 through a high-pressure mud pump in conjunction with a grouting hose. The slurry overflows into the grouting hole along the discharge port 11. Due to the shielding effect of the support plate 10, the mud discharged from the grouting hole can be shielded to prevent the slurry from impacting the operator. When the slurry in the grouting hole and the grouting pipe 9 solidifies in the grouting hole, the grouting pipe 9 solidifies in the grouting hole, and the grouting pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the support plate 10, which can enable the support plate 10 to maintain a fixing force in the radial direction of the tunnel, thereby further strengthening the stability of the rock mass on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 7 A hook plate 12 is provided on the outer surface of each discharge port 11, one end of the hook plate 12 is fixedly connected to a position on the discharge port 11 close to one end of the grouting pipe 9, and the other end of the hook plate 12 is inclined and arranged away from the surface of the grouting pipe 9;

[0051] A hook plate 12 is provided at the position of the discharge port 11. The hook plate 12 is inclined. Firstly, the contact surface between the grouting pipe 9 and the slurry is enhanced, and the firmness between the grouting pipe 9 and the rock mass is enhanced. Secondly, the other end of the hook plate 12 is inclined and away from the surface of the grouting pipe 9, which helps the slurry to overflow from the holes of the grouting hole and fill the gap between the support plate 10 and the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby improving the firmness between the support plate 10 and the inner wall of the tunnel. Furthermore, the slurry overflowing from the holes of the grouting hole can also be drained into the gap on the tunnel surface to stabilize the rock mass.

[0052] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 7 The other end of each hook plate 12 is fixedly connected to a push rod 13, and the end of the push rod 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge port 11;

[0053] The hook plate 12 is connected to the grouting pipe 9 by welding. If foreign matter presses on the hook plate 12, the hook plate 12 may bend and deform, blocking the discharge port 11. For this purpose, a push rod 13 is provided, which is used to support the hook plate 12 and hold it up.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 - Fig.11 The back of the support plate 10 is provided with a plurality of pull plates 14, each pull plate 14 is inserted with a longitudinal steel bar 15, the longitudinal steel bar 15 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the support plate 10, and transverse steel bars 16 are inserted between the longitudinal steel bars 15, and the longitudinal steel bars 15 and the transverse steel bars 16 are attached to the side wall of the tunnel;

[0055] The longitudinal reinforcement 15 is inserted into the pull plate 14, and then grouting is performed. The grout overflows the back of the support plate 10 and covers the longitudinal reinforcement 15 and the transverse reinforcement bar 16, so as to improve the strength of the grout after solidification, thereby further improving the stability of the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0056] The longitudinal reinforcement 15 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the support plate 10. Figure 8 In the state shown, the longitudinal steel bars 15 cooperate with the support plate 10 to maintain a fixing force in the radial direction of the tunnel after the slurry dries and solidifies, thereby further strengthening and stabilizing the rock mass on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0057] Reference Fig. 9 - Fig.11 The support plate 10 is provided with a row of rectangular holes 17, each rectangular hole 17 is provided with a pull plate 14, one end of the pull plate 14 is hook-shaped and is placed on the back of the support plate 10, the hook portion of the pull plate 14 hooks the longitudinal steel bar 15, and the other end of the pull plate 14 is provided with a threaded rod 18, the threaded rod 18 passes through the rectangular hole 17 and extends to the surface of the support plate 10, and the threaded rod 18 is threadedly connected to a fastening nut 19;

[0058] A plurality of pull plates 14 are arranged on the back of the support plate 10, and one end of the pull plate 14 is hook-shaped, so it is convenient to install the longitudinal steel bar 15 on the support plate 10. It is only necessary to embed the longitudinal steel bar 15 from the opening position of the pull plate 14, and then rotate the fastening bolt, the fastening bolt pulls the threaded rod 18, and the threaded rod 18 pulls the pull plate 14 to move, and the hook plate 12 squeezes the longitudinal steel bar 15 on the back of the support plate 10 to stabilize the longitudinal steel bar 15. Then, the transverse steel bar 16 is arranged to facilitate the fixation of the longitudinal steel bar 15. At the same time, the position of the longitudinal steel bar 15 fixed on the back of the support plate 10 can be adjusted according to the length of the longitudinal steel bar 15, which is more flexible.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 8 One end of each of the grouting pipes 9 is arranged in a conical shape, and a plurality of discharge holes 20 are provided on the surface of the conical portion of the grouting pipe 9, and the discharge holes 20 are connected to the interior of the grouting pipe 9; one end of the grouting pipe 9 is arranged in a conical shape, which is convenient for the grouting pipe 9 to be inserted into the grouting hole, and a plurality of discharge holes 20 are provided in the conical portion of the grouting pipe 9, so that the slurry can overflow the entire grouting hole, ensuring that it can be carried out strictly in accordance with the construction requirements.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 8 , the end of each longitudinal steel bar 15 is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0061] The ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 are bent and bent toward the tunnel surface. An inclined hole matching the ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 is drilled on the tunnel surface. The ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 are embedded in the inclined hole to enhance the connection strength and stability between the longitudinal reinforcement 15 and the tunnel.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 7The outer ring of each grouting pipe 9 is provided with a spiral groove 21; the spiral groove 21 arranged on the surface of the grouting pipe 9 increases the contact surface between the grouting pipe 9 and the slurry, and enhances the connection strength between the grouting pipe 9 and the rock mass.

[0063] Working principle: In this embodiment, a plugging mechanism is provided at the other end of the advance small guide tube 1, that is, a plugging mechanism is provided at the end of the advance small guide tube 1 exposed outside the hole and supported on the steel frame of the tunnel arch, which is used to plug the gap between the tube body 2 and the hole opening on the rock mass, and seal the slurry in the hole to reduce the possibility of slurry overflow or impact discharge; the specific operation is: drilling along the excavation contour line, during the drilling process, the plugging mechanisms can be installed one by one at the other end of the tube body 2, the two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are wrapped around the other end of the tube body 2, the inner side wall of the clamping tube 4 is tightly attached to the other end surface of the tube body 2, and the fastening plates 6 on the clamping tube 4 are arranged relatively, and then the fastening plates 6 are fixed together with bolts and nuts, at this time, the two half-arranged clamping tubes 4 are tightly wrapped around the other end of the tube body 2;

[0064] After drilling, each tube body 2 is inserted into the hole one by one, one end of the tube body 2 is embedded in the hole, and the other end of the tube body 2 is placed at the hole opening of the hole. At the same time, the threaded body 5 on the clamping tube 4 is embedded in the gap between the tube body 2 and the hole to seal the gap. Before the threaded body 5 is embedded in the gap, some slurry can be pre-applied on the surface of the threaded body 5, or some plugging agent can be applied. The drying and solidification time is short. After the threaded body 5 is embedded in the gap, the plugging agent can quickly dry and solidify, and the plugging mechanism together with the tube body 2 is sealed and fixed at the hole opening, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0065] During the grouting process, the slurry is injected into the pipe body 2 through the grouting hose by a high-pressure mud pump, and the slurry overflows into the hole along the through hole 3 on the pipe body 2, and gradually penetrates into the cracks in the rock mass. At this time, the plugging mechanism blocks the hole opening and blocks the slurry in the hole, thereby reducing the waste of slurry outflow or the possibility of mud impact discharge. The plugging mechanism has a simple structure, convenient operation, and is easy to install on the pipe body 2 without affecting the normal use of the pipe body 2. At the same time, after the slurry is dried and solidified, the plugging mechanism can be removed from the pipe body 2, and the slurry on the surface of the plugging mechanism can be cleaned, and it can be used repeatedly to reduce costs.

[0066] The truncated cone shape of the other end of the tube body 2 and the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 are tightly attached to the other end surface of the tube body 2 to prevent the clamping tube 4 from detaching from the tube body 2. The slurry will generate pressure on the part of the clamping tube 4 embedded in the gap, which will generate a thrust to the outside of the hole. The truncated cone shape of the other end of the tube body 2 and the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 can play a role in constraining the clamping tube 4. In addition, in this embodiment, a plurality of limiting rings 7 are provided on the outer ring of the other end of the tube body 2. The limiting rings 7 cooperate with the protrusions 8 on the inner wall of the clamping tube 4 to further improve the connection strength between the clamping tube 4 and the tube body 2.

[0067] Drilling along the excavation contour line, driving an advance small pipe 1 into the hole, and grouting to reinforce the surrounding rock is one of the measures to reinforce the surrounding rock. In this embodiment, a reinforcement structure is also designed to cooperate with the construction of the advance small pipe 1. The reinforcement structure is used to assist the construction of the advance small pipe 1 and can further reinforce the surrounding rock. The specific construction of the reinforcement structure is as follows:

[0068] After the construction of the advance small conduit 1 is completed, the tunnel is excavated, and then holes are drilled on the tunnel surface, that is, holes are drilled on the side wall of the rock mass. The drilling is carried out along the radial direction of the tunnel, and the drilled grouting holes are located between two adjacent advance small conduits 1, that is, between two adjacent holes; after the drilling of the grouting holes is completed, the grouting pipes 9 are inserted into the grouting holes one by one, and then the support plate 10 is installed on the other end of the grouting pipe 9. A plurality of mounting holes are pre-opened on the support plate 10 for mounting and fixing the grouting pipe 9, and a threaded cap is welded on the outer ring of the other end of the grouting pipe 9, which can be used in conjunction with the fastening bolts passing through the support plate 10. The fastening bolts pass through the support plate 10 and are screwed on the threaded cap. At this time, a plurality of grouting pipes 9 can be fixedly connected to one support plate 10, the integrity is improved, and the rock mass is more stable. At the same time, the support plate 10 is attached to the inner wall of the tunnel and forms a connection with the advance small conduit 1. Figure 8 In the state shown, the length direction of the support plate 10 is parallel to the leading small guide axis;

[0069] The slurry is injected into the grouting pipe 9 by a high-pressure mud pump in cooperation with a grouting hose. The slurry overflows into the grouting hole along the discharge port 11. Due to the shielding effect of the support plate 10, the slurry discharged from the grouting hole can be shielded to prevent the slurry from impacting the operator. When the slurry in the grouting hole and the grouting pipe 9 solidifies in the grouting hole, the grouting pipe 9 solidifies in the grouting hole, and the grouting pipe 9 is fixedly connected with the support plate 10, so that the support plate 10 can maintain a fixing force in the radial direction of the tunnel, further strengthening the stability of the rock mass on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0070] A hook plate 12 is arranged at the position of the discharge port 11. The hook plate 12 is arranged obliquely. Firstly, the contact surface between the grouting pipe 9 and the slurry can be enhanced, and the firmness between the grouting pipe 9 and the rock mass can be enhanced. Secondly, the other end of the hook plate 12 is inclined and arranged away from the surface of the grouting pipe 9, which helps the slurry to overflow from the hole of the grouting hole and fill the gap between the support plate 10 and the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby improving the firmness between the support plate 10 and the inner wall of the tunnel. Furthermore, the slurry overflowing from the hole of the grouting hole can also be drained into the gap on the tunnel surface to stabilize the rock mass.

[0071] The hook plate 12 is connected to the grouting pipe 9 by welding. If foreign matter is pressed on the hook plate 12, the hook plate 12 may be bent and deformed, blocking the discharge port 11. For this purpose, a push rod 13 is provided, and the push rod 13 is used to support the hook plate 12 and support the hook plate 12;

[0072] The longitudinal reinforcement 15 is inserted into the pull plate 14, and then grouting is performed. The grout overflows the back of the support plate 10 and covers the longitudinal reinforcement 15 and the transverse reinforcement bar 16, so as to improve the strength of the grout after solidification, thereby further improving the stability of the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0073] The longitudinal reinforcement 15 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the support plate 10. Figure 8 In the state shown, the longitudinal steel bars 15 cooperate with the support plate 10 to maintain the fixing force in the radial direction of the tunnel after the slurry dries and solidifies, further strengthening and stabilizing the rock mass on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0074] A plurality of pull plates 14 are arranged on the back of the support plate 10, and one end of the pull plate 14 is hook-shaped, so it is convenient to install the longitudinal reinforcement 15 on the support plate 10. It is only necessary to insert the longitudinal reinforcement 15 from the opening position of the pull plate 14, and then rotate the fastening bolt, the fastening bolt pulls the threaded rod 18, and the threaded rod 18 pulls the pull plate 14 to move, and the hook plate 12 squeezes the longitudinal reinforcement 15 on the back of the support plate 10, so that the longitudinal reinforcement 15 is stabilized, and then the transverse reinforcement bar 16 is arranged to facilitate the fixation of the longitudinal reinforcement 15. At the same time, the position of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 fixed on the back of the support plate 10 can be adjusted according to the length of the longitudinal reinforcement 15, which is more flexible.

[0075] One end of the grouting pipe 9 is arranged in a conical shape, so that the grouting pipe 9 is conveniently inserted into the grouting hole, and a plurality of discharge holes 20 are arranged at the conical part of the grouting pipe 9, so that the slurry can overflow the entire grouting hole, ensuring that the construction can be carried out strictly in accordance with the construction requirements;

[0076] The ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 are bent and bent toward the tunnel surface. An inclined hole matching the ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 is drilled on the tunnel surface. The ends of the longitudinal reinforcement 15 are embedded in the inclined hole to enhance the connection strength and stability between the longitudinal reinforcement 15 and the tunnel.

[0077] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An active reinforcement device for surrounding rocks in a broken zone, characterized in that: The invention comprises an advance small catheter (1), wherein the advance small catheter (1) comprises a tube body (2), a plurality of through holes (3) are provided on the tube body (2), one end of the tube body (2) is arranged in a cone shape, the other end of the tube body (2) is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and a blocking mechanism is provided at the other end of the tube body (2); The plugging mechanism is used to plug the gap between the pipe body (2) and the opening of the hole on the rock mass, and the plugging mechanism comprises two clamping pipes (4) arranged in half, the inner surface shape of each clamping pipe (4) is adapted to the outer ring shape of the other end of the pipe body (2), and the outer ring of the end of each clamping pipe (4) away from the other end of the pipe body (2) is provided with a threaded body (5), and the threaded body (5) is sealed in the gap between the pipe body (2) and the opening of the hole on the earth; A fastening plate (6) is provided on the opposite side walls of the two clamping tubes (4), the two clamping tubes (4) arranged in half are clamped at the other end of the tube body (2), and the two opposite fastening plates (6) are fastened together by bolts and nuts.

2. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the other end of the tube body (2) is provided with a plurality of limiting rings (7); the inner wall of each clamping tube (4) is provided with a plurality of semi-annular protrusions (8); two clamping tubes (4) arranged in half are clamped at the other end of the tube body (2), and the protrusions (8) are embedded in the gap between two adjacent limiting rings (7).

3. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A reinforcement structure for fixing the tunnel side wall is provided between adjacent small leading guide tubes (1); The reinforcement structure comprises a plurality of grouting pipes (9), one end of each grouting pipe (9) is inserted into a grouting hole provided on a tunnel side wall, the other end of the grouting pipe (9) protrudes from the tunnel side wall and is fixedly connected via a support plate (10), the support plate (10) is attached to the tunnel side wall, and each of the grouting pipes (9) is provided with a plurality of discharge ports (11).

4. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A hook plate (12) is provided on the outer surface of each discharge port (11), one end of the hook plate (12) is fixedly connected to a position on the discharge port (11) close to one end of the grouting pipe (9), and the other end of the hook plate (12) is inclined and arranged away from the surface of the grouting pipe (9).

5. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of each hook plate (12) is fixedly connected to a push rod (13), and the end of the push rod (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge port (11).

6. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The back of the support plate (10) is provided with a plurality of pull plates (14), each pull plate (14) is provided with a longitudinal steel bar (15) inserted therein, the longitudinal steel bar (15) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the support plate (10), and transverse steel bars (16) are inserted between the longitudinal steel bars (15), and the longitudinal steel bars (15) and the transverse steel bars (16) are both attached to the side wall of the tunnel.

7. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support plate (10) is provided with a row of rectangular holes (17), each rectangular hole (17) is provided with a pull plate (14), one end of the pull plate (14) is hook-shaped and is placed on the back of the support plate (10), the hook portion of the pull plate (14) hooks the longitudinal steel bar (15), and the other end of the pull plate (14) is provided with a threaded rod (18), the threaded rod (18) passes through the rectangular hole (17) and extends to the surface of the support plate (10), and the threaded rod (18) is threadedly connected to a fastening nut (19).

8. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rock in a broken zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of each grouting pipe (9) is arranged in a conical shape, and a plurality of discharge holes (20) are provided on the surface of the conical portion of the grouting pipe (9), wherein the discharge holes (20) are connected to the interior of the grouting pipe (9).

9. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rocks in a broken zone according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of each longitudinal steel bar (15) is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel.

10. The active reinforcement device for surrounding rocks in a broken zone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer ring of each grouting pipe (9) is provided with a spiral groove (21).

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