Safety early warning method for ultrahigh wind tower

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrahigh wind tower safety early warning method, which comprises the following steps of: performing structure response monitoring and data analysis based on a wind tower structure health monitoring system; various sensors are arranged at key parts of the wind tower and are used for monitoring various safety indexes of the wind tower structure in real time; performing safety early warning according to the monitoring data, setting a plurality of safety threshold levels, and sending out a corresponding early warning signal according to the condition that the monitoring data exceeds a preset threshold; specific monitoring and early warning are carried out on multiple aspects of prestressed steel strands, tower barrel overall inclination, foundation settlement, wind tower bottom concrete stress and the interface of a steel switching section and a transition base plate. Various sensors are installed at key parts of the wind tower, various safety indexes of the wind tower structure are monitored in real time, safety early warning is carried out according to monitoring data, a plurality of safety threshold levels are set, and corresponding early warning signals are sent out according to the situation that the monitoring data exceed the preset threshold, so that the safety and reliability of the wind tower structure are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind tower structure safety monitoring, and in particular to a super-high wind tower safety early warning method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wind energy utilization, the structural safety of super-high wind towers, as important infrastructure, is directly related to the economic benefits and reliability of wind energy utilization. Due to their height and structural complexity, super-high wind towers are easily affected by external environments such as wind loads and earthquakes, resulting in structural stress, deformation and other problems. Therefore, real-time monitoring and safety warning of super-high wind towers are particularly important.

[0003] Traditional wind tower safety monitoring methods mainly rely on manual inspections and regular maintenance, which have defects such as low monitoring frequency, slow response speed, and incomplete data, and cannot timely discover and deal with potential structural safety issues. With the development of sensor technology and data analysis technology, wind tower safety monitoring methods based on structural health monitoring systems have emerged, which can collect various data of wind tower structures in real time and realize safety warnings of wind tower structures through data analysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a super-high wind tower safety early warning method, which aims to achieve safety early warning of the wind tower structure by real-time monitoring and analysis of various safety indicators of the wind tower structure, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the wind tower.

[0005] According to one object of the present invention, the present invention provides a super high wind tower safety early warning method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Perform structural response monitoring and data analysis based on the wind tower structural health monitoring system;

[0007] Step 2: Install various sensors at key locations of the wind tower, including fiber grating strain sensors, inclination sensors, embedded grating strain sensors, etc., to monitor various safety indicators of the wind tower structure in real time;

[0008] Step 3: Perform safety warnings based on monitoring data, set multiple safety threshold levels, and issue corresponding warning signals when monitoring data exceeds the preset thresholds;

[0009] Step 4: Carry out specific monitoring and early warning on prestressed steel strands, overall tower inclination, foundation settlement, concrete stress at the bottom of the wind tower, and the interface between the steel transfer section and the transition pad.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring of prestressed steel strands includes installing fiber grating strain sensors at key locations of the prestressed steel strands, identifying potential anomalies through data analysis, and setting safety threshold levels of tension data into three levels: green, yellow, and red. Green indicates that the tension range is between 90% and 100% of the design tension, yellow indicates that the tension range is between 80% and 90% of the design tension, and red indicates that the tension range is lower than 80% of the design tension.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring of the overall inclination of the tower includes installing inclination sensors at the bottom and top of the tower, calculating the overall verticality of the tower by measuring the inclination angle of the top of the tower, and setting the safety threshold level of the inclination angle; the early warning signal is graded as follows: green indicates that the overall inclination angle of the tower structure is between 0 and 1 degree, yellow indicates that the inclination angle exceeds 1 degree, and red indicates that the inclination angle exceeds 1.5 degrees.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring of foundation settlement includes arranging a dual-axis inclination sensor on the foundation inside the tower, monitoring the horizontal state of the foundation plane in real time, calculating the uneven settlement amount, and setting the safety threshold level of the settlement amount and settlement rate.

[0013] Furthermore, the green threshold of settlement is that the settlement of a single monitoring point is within 20% of the design allowable settlement, the yellow threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds the design allowable settlement by 20%-50%, and the red threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds 50% of the design allowable settlement; the green threshold of settlement rate is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point is less than 0.5 mm / day, the yellow threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 0.5 mm / day, and the red threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 1 mm / day.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring of concrete stress at the bottom of the wind tower includes installing embedded grating strain sensors in key concrete, calculating the stress-strain relationship at key parts in real time, and setting warning thresholds for concrete stress and strain; the yellow warning threshold for concrete stress is 70% of the design strength, and the red warning threshold is 90% of the design strength; the yellow warning threshold for concrete strain is 50% of the design limit strain, and the red warning threshold is 80% of the design limit strain.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring of the interface between the steel transition section and the transition pad includes installing a fiber optic Bragg grating displacement meter and a seam meter on the interface to monitor the relative displacement changes in the radial and axial directions and set a safety threshold level of the displacement change.

[0016] Furthermore, the green threshold of radial displacement is Δr≤1mm, the yellow threshold is 1mm<Δr≤3mm, and the red threshold is Δr>3mm; the green threshold of axial displacement is Δz≤1mm, the yellow threshold is 1mm<Δz≤3mm, and the red threshold is Δz>3mm.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes step five, identifying potential abnormal conditions through long-term trend analysis and historical data comparison, combining structural health monitoring technology to formulate maintenance and maintenance plans to improve the safety and reliability of the wind tower structure; transmitting the monitoring data to the structural health monitoring system in real time, generating real-time warning reports through data processing and analysis, and providing maintenance recommendations.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes step six, combining weather and environmental data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the safety status of the wind tower structure, and timely adjust the warning threshold and monitoring strategy to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind tower under various environmental conditions.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention installs various sensors at key positions of the wind tower to monitor various safety indicators of the wind tower structure in real time, and issues safety warnings based on the monitoring data. It sets multiple safety threshold levels and issues corresponding warning signals when the monitoring data exceeds the preset thresholds, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the wind tower structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall tilt measurement system of the wind tower structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation settlement data monitoring method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a specific measurement point layout diagram for various monitoring items of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a super-high wind tower safety early warning method includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Structural response monitoring and data analysis based on the wind tower structural health monitoring system. Through the structural health monitoring system, various monitoring data of the wind tower structure are collected in real time, including prestressed steel strand tension, overall tower inclination, foundation settlement, concrete stress, steel transfer section and transition pad interface, etc. The collected data are analyzed to identify potential structural safety issues.

[0030] Step 2: Install various sensors at key locations of the wind tower. Install fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, inclination sensors, embedded grating strain sensors and other sensors at key locations of the wind tower to achieve real-time monitoring of prestressed steel strands, overall tower inclination, foundation settlement, concrete stress, and the interface between the steel transition section and the transition pad.

[0031] Step 3: Provide safety warnings based on monitoring data. Set multiple safety threshold levels and issue corresponding warning signals when monitoring data exceeds the preset thresholds. This includes the following aspects:

[0032] (1) Prestressed steel strand tension monitoring and early warning. Fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are installed at key locations of prestressed steel strands. Potential anomalies are identified through data analysis, and the safety threshold levels of tension data are set into three levels: green, yellow, and red. Green indicates that the tension range is between 90% and 100% of the design tension, yellow indicates that the tension range is between 80% and 90% of the design tension, and red indicates that the tension range is less than 80% of the design tension.

[0033] (2) Overall tower tilt monitoring and early warning. Install tilt sensors at the bottom and top of the tower, calculate the overall verticality of the tower by measuring the tilt angle of the top of the tower, and set the safety threshold level of the tilt angle. Its theoretical basis includes the deflection curve equation and the tilt calculation formula:

[0034] The deflection curve equation is:

[0035]

[0036] The end interface angle is:

[0037]

[0038] The maximum deflection is:

[0039]

[0040] According to the above 3 equations, the tower top displacement can be obtained as:

[0041]

[0042] Where L = H, which is the tower height; θ is the composite inclination angle of the tower top plane.

[0043] Composite inclination angle of tower top plane:

[0044]

[0045] Finally, the tower inclination is:

[0046]

[0047] The warning signals are graded as follows:

[0048] Green: The tower tilt angle is between 0 and 1 degrees;

[0049] Yellow: A yellow warning is issued when the tilt angle exceeds 1 degree;

[0050] Red: A red warning is issued when the tilt angle exceeds 1.5 degrees.

[0051] (3) Foundation settlement data monitoring and early warning. A dual-axis inclination sensor is arranged on the tower foundation to monitor the horizontal state of the foundation plane in real time. The calculation formula for uneven settlement is as follows:

[0052] H2=D×sin(α)(7)

[0053] The foundation settlement data monitoring method is that the inclination sensor is arranged in the center of the foundation. The working principle of the system is as follows. Taking the settlement in the X-axis direction as an example, when the foundation settles uniformly and unevenly, the inclination sensor measures the inclination angle α, the uniform settlement of the foundation is H1, and the uneven settlement of the foundation is H2.

[0054] The green threshold of settlement is that the settlement of a single monitoring point is within 20% of the design allowable settlement, the yellow threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds the design allowable settlement by 20%-50%, and the red threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds 50% of the design allowable settlement; the green threshold of settlement rate is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point is less than 0.5mm / day, the yellow threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 0.5mm / day, and the red threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 1mm / day.

[0055] (4) Concrete stress and strain monitoring and early warning. Install embedded grating strain sensors in the key concrete of the door opening at the bottom of the wind tower to calculate the stress-strain relationship and historical data analysis of key parts in real time, establish a normal working baseline, and establish a concrete stress-strain model based on the collected data. The early warning signal classification is as follows:

[0056] Green: normal operation status;

[0057] Yellow: 70% of the design strength and 50% of the design limit strain. A yellow warning will be issued when the limit is exceeded.

[0058] Red: 90% of the design strength and 80% of the design limit strain. A red warning is issued when exceeded.

[0059] (5) Monitoring and early warning of the opening and closing status of the interface between the steel transition section and the transition pad. Install a fiber grating displacement meter and a seam meter on the interface between the steel transition section and the transition pad to monitor the relative displacement in the radial and axial directions. The monitoring indicators are the relative displacement in the radial direction (radial displacement Δr) and the relative displacement in the axial direction (radial displacement Δz) on the interface. Measure the radial displacement and axial displacement at different radial positions (such as 45°, 90°, 135°, 225°, 270°, 315°) and take the average value to calculate the radial displacement change. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, Δr is the average radial displacement change, rt,i is the radial displacement value of the i-th position at the current moment, r 0,i is the radial displacement value of the i-th position at the initial moment, n is the number of measurement positions. Δz is the average axial displacement change, z t,j is the axial displacement value of the jth position at the current moment, z 0,j is the axial displacement value of the jth position at the initial moment, and m is the number of measurement height positions.

[0062] The warning signals are graded as follows:

[0063] Green: radial and axial displacement changes Δr≤1mm;

[0064] Yellow: 1mm<Δr≤3mm;

[0065] Red: Δr>3mm.

[0066] Step 4: Identify potential abnormalities through long-term trend analysis and historical data comparison. Combined with structural health monitoring technology, formulate maintenance and maintenance plans to improve the safety and reliability of wind tower structures. Transmit monitoring data to the structural health monitoring system in real time, generate real-time warning reports through data processing and analysis, and provide maintenance recommendations. At the same time, combined with weather and environmental data, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the safety status of the wind tower structure, and adjust the warning threshold and monitoring strategy in a timely manner to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind tower under various environmental conditions.

[0067] The present invention installs sensors at key locations of wind towers, monitors and analyzes various safety indicators of wind tower structures in real time, sets safety threshold levels and issues corresponding warning signals, thereby achieving safety warnings for wind tower structures, ensuring safe and stable operation of wind towers, and improving the economic benefits and reliability of wind energy utilization. The present invention can effectively improve the operational safety and management level of wind towers and ensure the efficient operation of wind farms through real-time monitoring, data analysis and early warning signal generation. In the future, with the continuous development of technology, structural health monitoring methods will be more perfect, providing strong support for the development of the wind power industry.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super high wind tower safety early warning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Perform structural response monitoring and data analysis based on the wind tower structural health monitoring system; Step 2: Install various sensors at key locations of the wind tower, including fiber grating strain sensors, inclination sensors, and embedded grating strain sensors, to monitor various safety indicators of the wind tower structure in real time; Step 3: Perform safety warnings based on monitoring data, set multiple safety threshold levels, and issue corresponding warning signals when monitoring data exceeds the preset thresholds; Step 4: Carry out specific monitoring and early warning on prestressed steel strands, overall tower inclination, foundation settlement, concrete stress at the bottom of the wind tower, and the interface between the steel transfer section and the transition pad.

2. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring of prestressed steel strands includes installing fiber grating strain sensors at key locations of the prestressed steel strands, identifying potential anomalies through data analysis, and setting safety threshold levels for tension data into three levels: green, yellow, and red. Green indicates that the tension range is between 90% and 100% of the design tension, yellow indicates that the tension range is between 80% and 90% of the design tension, and red indicates that the tension range is less than 80% of the design tension.

3. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring of the overall inclination of the tower includes installing inclination sensors at the bottom and top of the tower, calculating the overall verticality of the tower by measuring the inclination angle of the top of the tower, and setting the safety threshold level of the inclination angle; the early warning signal is graded as follows: green indicates that the overall inclination angle of the tower structure is between 0 and 1 degree, yellow indicates that the inclination angle exceeds 1 degree, and red indicates that the inclination angle exceeds 1.5 degrees.

4. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring of foundation settlement includes arranging a dual-axis inclination sensor on the foundation inside the tower to monitor the horizontal state of the foundation plane in real time, calculate the uneven settlement amount, and set the safety threshold level of the settlement amount and settlement rate.

5. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The green threshold of settlement is that the settlement of a single monitoring point is within 20% of the design allowable settlement, the yellow threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds the design allowable settlement by 20%-50%, and the red threshold is that the settlement of a single monitoring point exceeds 50% of the design allowable settlement; the green threshold of settlement rate is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point is less than 0.5mm / day, the yellow threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 0.5mm / day, and the red threshold is that the settlement rate of a single monitoring point exceeds 1mm / day.

6. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Monitoring of concrete stress at the bottom of the wind tower includes installing embedded grating strain sensors in key concrete, calculating the stress-strain relationship of key parts in real time, and setting early warning thresholds for concrete stress and strain; The yellow warning threshold of concrete stress is 70% of the design strength, and the red warning threshold is 90% of the design strength; the yellow warning threshold of concrete strain is 50% of the design ultimate strain, and the red warning threshold is 80% of the design ultimate strain.

7. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Monitoring of the interface between the steel transition section and the transition pad includes installing a fiber optic Bragg grating displacement meter and a seam meter on the interface to monitor the relative displacement changes in the radial and axial directions and set a safety threshold level of the displacement change.

8. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The green threshold for radial displacement is Δr≤1mm, the yellow threshold is 1mm<Δr≤3mm, and the red threshold is Δr>3mm; the green threshold for axial displacement is Δz≤1mm, the yellow threshold is 1mm<Δz≤3mm, and the red threshold is Δz>3mm.

9. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes step five, which is to identify potential abnormal conditions through long-term trend analysis and historical data comparison, formulate maintenance and care plans in combination with structural health monitoring technology, and improve the safety and reliability of wind tower structures; transmit monitoring data to the structural health monitoring system in real time, generate real-time early warning reports through data processing and analysis, and provide maintenance recommendations.

10. The super-high wind tower safety early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes step six, combining weather and environmental data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the safety status of the wind tower structure, and timely adjust the warning threshold and monitoring strategy to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind tower under various environmental conditions.

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