Device and method for collecting surrounding rock sample of fault fracture zone of long tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a long tunnel fault fracture zone surrounding rock sample collection device and method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction.The long tunnel fault fracture zone surrounding rock sample collection device comprises a rotating mechanism used for adjusting the inclination angle of a drill bit, a pushing mechanism used for pushing the drill bit and a sampling mechanism used for rock sample collection; a connecting pipe penetrates through the middle of the transmission box left and right, the connecting pipe is connected with the transmission box through a bearing, driving gears are arranged in the transmission box and correspond to the front portion and the rear portion of the connecting pipe, and mandrels of the driving gears are connected with the transmission box through bearings; the device has the beneficial effects that through the unique design of the rotating mechanism, the pushing mechanism and the sampling mechanism, efficient and accurate collection of surrounding rock samples of the long and large tunnel fault fracture zone is achieved, meanwhile, the rock sample structure is protected, and subsequent geological analysis and research are facilitated. The device is compact in structure, easy and convenient to operate and high in reliability, and has high practical value and popularization prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a device and method for collecting rock samples of surrounding rocks in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In the field of tunnel engineering, especially when facing complex geological conditions such as long tunnels passing through fault fracture zones, the stability and safety of the surrounding rock are key issues in construction. Due to the complex geological structure, rock fragmentation, and development of joints and fissures in the fault fracture zone, the surrounding rock has low strength, large deformation, and is easy to become unstable, which poses great challenges to tunnel construction. Therefore, accurately and efficiently obtaining rock samples of the surrounding rock in the fault fracture zone is of great significance for analyzing the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, evaluating the stability of the surrounding rock, and formulating a scientific and reasonable construction plan.

[0003] The traditional method of collecting rock samples mainly relies on manual drilling sampling, which has many shortcomings. First, manual operation is inefficient, time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially in complex environments such as long tunnels and fault fracture zones, which significantly increases the difficulty and risk of construction. Secondly, during the manual sampling process, due to the vibration of the drill and the crushing characteristics of the surrounding rock, it is easy to cause rock samples to be damaged or mixed with impurities, affecting the representativeness and accuracy of the rock samples. Finally, traditional sampling methods often make it difficult to obtain comprehensive and continuous surrounding rock information, and it is difficult to meet the needs of refined construction and scientific research analysis.

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional surrounding rock sample collection methods and improve the efficiency and accuracy of surrounding rock sample collection in the fault fracture zone of long and large tunnels, domestic and foreign scholars and engineers have begun to explore and apply automated and intelligent rock sample collection devices and methods in recent years. These new technologies aim to achieve rapid, non-destructive and accurate rock sample collection through mechanized and automated methods, providing reliable data support for tunnel construction and scientific research analysis. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for collecting rock samples from the surrounding rock of the fault fracture zone of a long tunnel in order to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A rock sample collection device for surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel, comprising a rotating mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of a drill bit, a pushing mechanism for advancing the drill bit and a sampling mechanism for rock sample collection, wherein the sampling mechanism comprises a transmission box, a connecting pipe is passed through the middle of the transmission box on the left and right sides, the connecting pipe is connected to the transmission box through a bearing, a driving gear is arranged inside the transmission box at the front and rear sides corresponding to the connecting pipe, the mandrel of the driving gear is connected to the transmission box through a bearing, a gear ring is arranged on one end of the connecting pipe located in the transmission box, the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, a driving motor is arranged on the left side of the transmission box corresponding to the position of the mandrel of the driving gear, the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the mandrel of the driving gear, a card slot and a slide slot are provided at the right end of the connecting pipe extending out of the transmission box, the card slot is an oblong hole, and the slide slot is a spiral slot extending from the end of the connecting pipe to the center of the card slot, a drill rod is inserted at the right end of the connecting pipe, and a card column is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the left end of the drill rod for sliding from the slide slot into the card slot.

[0007] Preferably: the rotating mechanism includes a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder, a connecting rod mechanism and a guide frame of the base, the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are hinged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base respectively, the connecting rod mechanism is hinged on the front and rear edges of the upper surface of the base, the upper end of the connecting rod mechanism is hinged on the guide frame, the first cross bar and the second cross bar are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the left and right ends of the guide frame, the upper end of the first oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the first cross bar, and the upper end of the second oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the second cross bar.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting rod mechanism comprises two upper and lower rod bodies which are rotatably connected.

[0009] Preferably: the pushing mechanism includes a moving motor, a screw rod, a guide rod and a slide plate, a screw rod is arranged inside the guide frame, the left and right ends of the screw rod are respectively connected to the guide frame through bearings, guide rods parallel to the screw rod are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the screw rod, the left and right ends of the guide rod are respectively fixedly mounted on the guide frame, a slide plate which can slide left and right is sleeved on the guide rod, the screw rod is threadedly matched with the slide plate, a moving motor is fixedly mounted on the left end of the guide frame corresponding to the position of the screw rod, and the output end of the moving motor is fixedly connected to the screw rod.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission box and the drive motor are both fixedly mounted on the slide plate.

[0011] Preferably: the drill rod comprises a drill bit section, a splicing section and a connecting section connected to the connecting pipe, the clamping column is arranged on the connecting section, the drill bit section and the splicing section are connected by threads, the splicing section and the connecting section are connected by threads, one end of the splicing section is internally threaded and the other end is externally threaded, and the sizes of the two are matched; the inner diameters of the drill rod sections are the same.

[0012] Preferably: a limiting groove and a guide groove are provided on the inner wall of the drill bit section, a fixing ring which can be moved left and right is clamped in the limiting groove, a clamping ring which can be moved left and right is clamped in the guide groove, the inner diameter of the fixing ring is the same as the inner diameter of the drill bit section, the bottom surface of the guide groove is conical, the inner diameter of the left end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the right end, the clamping ring is arranged on the left side of the fixing ring and the right end of the clamping ring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring, the outer surface of the clamping ring is an arc surface, the left end of the clamping ring is arranged in a tooth shape, the inner diameter of the clamping ring at the rightmost end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill bit section, and the clamping ring is an elastic deformable part.

[0013] Preferably: it also includes a wax injection tube inserted from the left end of the connecting tube and extending into the interior of the drill rod, a piston is provided on one end of the wax injection tube extending into the interior of the drill rod, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer surface of the piston; a valve is provided on the wax injection tube, and the wax injection tube is connected to an external wax supply system; the drill rod and the connecting tube have the same inner diameter after being plugged in.

[0014] A method for collecting rock samples from a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel uses the above-mentioned device for collecting rock samples from a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel, and comprises the following steps: Step S1: adjusting the drill bit tilt angle: using the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder in the rotating mechanism to extend and retract, and preventing the guide frame from tilting forward and backward through the connecting rod mechanism, so as to adjust the drill bit tilt angle and ensure that the drill bit can accurately enter the predetermined position of the tunnel fault fracture zone; Step S2: Connecting the drill rod: inserting the connecting section of the drill rod into the right end of the connecting pipe, starting the drive motor to rotate, and the clamping column at the left end of the drill rod slides into the clamping groove along the spiral groove on the connecting pipe to achieve a stable connection between the drill rod and the connecting pipe; Step S3: Pushing the drill bit: After the drill bit is aligned with the sampling position, the moving motor in the pushing mechanism is started to drive the screw to rotate, so that the slide slides to the right on the guide rod, pushing the sampling mechanism and the drill rod forward until the drill bit enters the rock formation to collect rock samples, and the clamping column is clamped to the left end of the clamping slot; Step S4: Injecting protective wax: Before collecting rock samples, the valve on the wax injection pipe can be opened, and protective wax can be injected into the drill pipe through the external wax supply system. The piston in the wax injection pipe is used to block the wax liquid and push it into the surrounding rock at the broken zone. Step S5: Rotate the drill bit to collect rock samples: Start the driving motor in the sampling mechanism, and drive the connecting pipe and the drill rod to rotate by meshing the driving gear with the gear ring on the connecting pipe, thereby driving the drill bit to rotate to collect rock samples. The rock samples in the broken zone are protected by solidified protective wax, and the surrounding rock structure of the broken zone is preserved as much as possible to facilitate subsequent analysis; Step S6: Recovering rock samples: After completing rock sample collection, start the moving motor to rotate in the reverse direction and pull back the connecting tube through the screw rod. The drill rod moves to the right relative to the connecting tube due to friction, and the clamping column is clamped at the right end of the clamping slot. Then the drill rod moves to the left, and the cut-off ring inside the drill rod moves to the right. The clamping ring of the cut-off ring squeezed by the guide groove clamps the rock core. Start the driving motor to rotate in the reverse direction and pull back the connecting tube at the same time to pull the drill rod out of the surrounding rock. Push the drill rod backward, slide the clamping column to the leftmost end of the clamping slot, start the driving motor to rotate in the reverse direction, and pull the drill rod outward to remove it from the connecting tube. Since the inner diameters of the drill rod sections are the same, the collected rock samples can be directly taken out from the left end of the drill rod for subsequent processing and analysis. Step S7: Cleaning and maintenance: After each collection task, the collection device is thoroughly cleaned, the wear of each component is checked, damaged parts are replaced in time, and necessary lubrication and maintenance are performed to ensure the long-term stable operation of the collection device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the efficient and accurate collection of rock samples of the surrounding rock of the fault fracture zone of a long tunnel through the unique design of the rotating mechanism, the pushing mechanism and the sampling mechanism, and at the same time protects the rock sample structure, which is convenient for subsequent geological analysis and research. The device has a compact structure, is easy to operate, has high reliability, and has high practical value and promotion prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a device for collecting samples of surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram is a top view of the structure of a device for collecting samples of surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drill rod of a device for collecting rock samples of a surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a transmission box of a device for collecting surrounding rock samples in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel.

[0021] Figure 5It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a device for collecting rock samples of a surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of point A of a device for collecting samples of surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel described in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a truncation circle of a surrounding rock sample collection device for a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel described in the present invention.

[0024] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. First oil cylinder; 3. Connecting rod mechanism; 4. Second oil cylinder; 5. Guide frame; 6. Slide plate; 7. Mobile motor; 8. Driving motor; 9. Transmission box; 10. Connecting pipe; 11. Drill pipe; 111. Connecting section; 112. Splicing section; 113. Drill section; 114. Clamping column; 115. Cutting ring; 1151. Fixing ring; 1152. Clamping ring; 12. First cross bar; 13. Second cross bar; 14. Guide rod; 15. Wax injection tube; 16. Valve; 17. Clamping groove; 18. Driven gear ring; 19. Slide groove; 20. Driving gear; 21. Piston; 22. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a rock sample collection device for surrounding rock of a fault fracture zone in a long tunnel includes a rotating mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of a drill bit, a pushing mechanism for advancing the drill bit, and a sampling mechanism for rock sample collection. The sampling mechanism includes a transmission box 9, and a connecting pipe 10 is passed through the middle of the transmission box 9. The connecting pipe 10 is connected to the transmission box 9 through a bearing. A driving gear 20 is arranged inside the transmission box 9 at the front and rear of the connecting pipe 10. The core shaft of the driving gear 20 is connected to the transmission box 9 through a bearing. A gear ring is arranged on one end of the connecting pipe 10 located in the transmission box 9. The driving gear 20 Meshing with the gear ring, a driving motor 8 is arranged on the left side of the transmission box 9 corresponding to the position of the core shaft of the driving gear 20, and the output end of the driving motor 8 is fixedly connected to the core shaft of the driving gear 20. The right end of the connecting pipe 10 extends out of the transmission box 9 and is provided with a card slot 17 and a slide slot 19. The card slot 17 is an oblong hole, and the slide slot 19 is a spiral groove extending from the end of the connecting pipe 10 to the center of the card slot 17. A drill rod 11 is inserted at the right end of the connecting pipe 10, and a card column 114 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the left end of the drill rod 11 to facilitate sliding from the slide slot 19 into the card slot 17; the rotating mechanism includes a base 1 first The oil cylinder 2, the second oil cylinder 4, the connecting rod mechanism 3 and the guide frame 5, the connecting rod mechanism 3 includes two upper and lower rotatably connected rod bodies, the first oil cylinder 2 and the second oil cylinder 4 are respectively hinged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base 1, the connecting rod mechanism 3 is hinged on the front and rear edges of the upper surface of the base 1, the upper end of the connecting rod mechanism 3 is hinged on the guide frame 5, and the lower parts of the left and right ends of the guide frame 5 are respectively provided with a first cross bar 12 and a second cross bar 13, the upper end of the first oil cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to the first cross bar 12, and the upper end of the second oil cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the second cross bar 13; the pushing mechanism includes a moving motor 7, a screw rod, and a guide rod 14 and slide plate 6, a screw rod is arranged inside the guide frame 5, and the left and right ends of the screw rod are respectively connected to the guide frame 5 through bearings, and guide rods 14 parallel to the screw rod are respectively arranged in front and behind the screw rod, and the left and right ends of the guide rod 14 are respectively fixedly mounted on the guide frame 5, and a slide plate 6 that can slide left and right is sleeved on the guide rod 14, and the screw rod and the slide plate 6 are threadedly matched, and a moving motor 7 is fixedly installed at the left end of the guide frame 5 corresponding to the screw rod position, and the output end of the moving motor 7 is fixedly connected to the screw rod; the transmission box 9 and the drive motor 8 are both fixedly mounted on the slide plate 6; the drive motor 8 and the moving motor 7 are both stepping motors.

[0028] The drill rod 11 includes a drill section 113, a splicing section 112 and a connecting section 111 connected to the connecting pipe 10, a clamping column 114 is arranged on the connecting section 111, the drill section 113 and the splicing section 112 are connected by threads, the splicing section 112 and the connecting section 111 are connected by threads, one end of the splicing section 112 is an internal thread and the other end is an external thread, and the sizes of the two are matched; the inner diameters of the sections of the drill rod 11 are the same, which is convenient for pouring out the core and reducing resistance; a limit groove and a guide groove are provided on the inner wall of the drill section 113, a fixing ring 1151 that can move left and right is provided in the limit groove, and a fixing ring 1151 that can move left and right is provided in the guide groove There is a clamping ring 1152 that can move left and right, the inner diameter of the fixed ring 1151 is the same as the inner diameter of the drill bit section 113, the bottom surface of the guide groove is conical, the inner diameter of the left end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the right end, the clamping ring 1152 is arranged on the left side of the fixed ring 1151 and the right end of the clamping ring 1152 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 1151, the outer surface of the clamping ring 1152 is an arc surface, the left end of the clamping ring 1152 is arranged in a tooth shape, the inner diameter of the clamping ring 1152 when it is at the rightmost end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill bit section 113, and the clamping ring 1152 is an elastic deformation part, so that the teeth of the clamping ring 1152 can clamp and break the core after being squeezed.

[0029] It also includes a wax injection tube 15 inserted from the left end of the connecting tube 10 and extending into the interior of the drill rod 11. A piston 21 is provided on one end of the wax injection tube 15 extending into the interior of the drill rod 11, and a sealing ring 22 is provided on the outer surface of the piston 21. A valve 16 is provided on the wax injection tube 15, and the wax injection tube 15 is connected to an external wax supply system. The inner diameters of the drill rod 11 and the connecting tube 10 are the same after being plugged in.

[0030] A method for collecting rock samples from a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel uses the above-mentioned device for collecting rock samples from a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel, and comprises the following steps: Step S1: adjusting the drill bit tilt angle: using the first oil cylinder 2 and the second oil cylinder 4 in the rotating mechanism to extend and retract, and preventing the guide frame 5 from tilting forward and backward through the connecting rod mechanism 3, so as to adjust the drill bit tilt angle and ensure that the drill bit can accurately enter the predetermined position of the fault fracture zone of the tunnel; Step S2: Connecting the drill rod 11: Insert the connecting section 111 of the drill rod 11 into the right end of the connecting pipe 10, start the driving motor 8 to rotate, and slide the clamping column 114 at the left end of the drill rod 11 into the clamping groove 17 along the spiral sliding groove 19 on the connecting pipe 10, so as to achieve a stable connection between the drill rod 11 and the connecting pipe 10; Step S3: Pushing the drill bit: After the drill bit is aligned with the sampling position, the moving motor 7 in the pushing mechanism is started to drive the screw to rotate, so that the slide plate 6 slides to the right on the guide rod 14, pushing the sampling mechanism and the drill rod 11 forward until the drill bit enters the rock formation to collect rock samples, and the clamping column 114 is clamped to the left end position of the clamping slot 17; Step S4: Injecting protective wax: Before collecting rock samples, the valve 16 on the wax injection pipe 15 can be opened, and protective wax can be injected into the drill pipe 11 through the external wax supply system. The piston 21 in the wax injection pipe 15 is used to block the wax liquid and push it into the surrounding rock at the fracture zone. Step S5: Rotate the drill bit to collect rock samples: Start the drive motor 8 in the sampling mechanism, and drive the connecting pipe 10 and the drill rod 11 to rotate by engaging the drive gear 20 with the gear ring on the connecting pipe 10, thereby driving the drill bit to rotate to collect rock samples. The rock samples in the broken zone are protected by the solidified protective wax, and the surrounding rock structure of the broken zone is preserved as much as possible to facilitate subsequent analysis; Step S6: Recovering rock samples: After completing rock sample collection, start the mobile motor 7 to rotate in the reverse direction and pull back the connecting tube 10 through the screw rod. The drill rod 11 moves to the right relative to the connecting tube 10 due to friction, and the clamping column 114 is clamped at the right end of the clamping groove 17. Then the drill rod 11 moves to the left, and the truncation ring 115 inside the drill rod 11 moves to the right. The clamping ring 1152 of the truncation ring 115 squeezed by the guide groove clamps off the rock core. Start the drive motor 8 to rotate in the reverse direction and pull back the connecting tube 10 at the same time, so that the drill rod 11 can be pulled out of the surrounding rock. Push the drill rod 11 backward, and the clamping column 114 slides to the leftmost end of the clamping groove 17. Start the drive motor 8 to rotate in the reverse direction and pull the drill rod 11 outward at the same time to remove the drill rod 11 from the connecting tube 10. Since the inner diameters of the various sections of the drill rod 11 are the same, the collected rock samples can be directly taken out from the left end of the drill rod 11 for subsequent processing and analysis. Step S7: Cleaning and maintenance: After each collection task, the collection device is thoroughly cleaned, the wear of each component is checked, damaged parts are replaced in time, and necessary lubrication and maintenance are performed to ensure the long-term stable operation of the collection device.

[0031] The first oil cylinder 2, the second oil cylinder 4, the moving motor 7, the driving motor 8, the valve 16, and the external wax supply system are all universal standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0032] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A rock sample collection device for surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel, comprising a rotating mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of a drill bit, a pushing mechanism for advancing the drill bit, and a sampling mechanism for rock sample collection, Features: The sampling mechanism comprises a transmission box (9), a connecting tube (10) passing through the middle of the transmission box (9) on the left and right sides, the connecting tube (10) being connected to the transmission box (9) via a bearing, a driving gear (20) being arranged inside the transmission box (9) at the front and rear sides corresponding to the connecting tube (10), the core shaft of the driving gear (20) being connected to the transmission box (9) via a bearing, a gear ring being arranged on one end of the connecting tube (10) located inside the transmission box (9), the driving gear (20) being meshed with the gear ring, and the core shafts of the driving gear (20) corresponding to the left and right sides of the transmission box (9) are respectively arranged. A driving motor (8) is arranged at the position, the output end of the driving motor (8) is fixedly connected to the core shaft of the driving gear (20), the right end of the connecting tube (10) extends out of the transmission box (9) and is provided with a slot (17) and a slide groove (19), the slot (17) is an oblong hole, the slide groove (19) is a spiral groove extending from the end of the connecting tube (10) to the center of the slot (17), a drill rod (11) is inserted at the right end of the connecting tube (10), and a clamping column (114) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the left end of the drill rod (11) for facilitating sliding from the slide groove (19) into the slot (17).

2. A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault zone of a long tunnel according to claim 1, Features: The rotating mechanism comprises a base (1), a first oil cylinder (2), a second oil cylinder (4), a connecting rod mechanism (3) and a guide frame (5); the first oil cylinder (2) and the second oil cylinder (4) are respectively hinged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base (1); the connecting rod mechanism (3) is hinged on the front and rear edges of the upper surface of the base (1); the upper end of the connecting rod mechanism (3) is hinged on the guide frame (5); the lower parts of the left and right ends of the guide frame (5) are respectively provided with a first cross bar (12) and a second cross bar (13); the upper end of the first oil cylinder (2) is rotatably connected to the first cross bar (12); and the upper end of the second oil cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to the second cross bar (13).

3. A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault zone of a long tunnel according to claim 2, Features: The connecting rod mechanism (3) comprises two upper and lower rod bodies which are rotatably connected.

4. A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to claim 2, Features: The pushing mechanism comprises a moving motor (7), a screw rod, a guide rod (14) and a slide plate (6). A screw rod is arranged inside the guide frame (5). The left and right ends of the screw rod are respectively connected to the guide frame (5) through bearings. Guide rods (14) parallel to the screw rod are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the screw rod. The left and right ends of the guide rod (14) are respectively fixedly mounted on the guide frame (5). A slide plate (6) that can slide left and right is sleeved on the guide rod (14). The screw rod is threadedly matched with the slide plate (6). A moving motor (7) is fixedly mounted on the left end of the guide frame (5) corresponding to the position of the screw rod. The output end of the moving motor (7) is fixedly connected to the screw rod.

5. A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault zone of a long tunnel according to claim 4, Features: The transmission box (9) and the drive motor (8) are both fixedly mounted on the slide plate (6).

6. The device for collecting rock samples of the surrounding rock of the fault zone of a long tunnel according to claim 1, Features: The drill rod (11) comprises a drill bit section (113), a splicing section (112) and a connecting section (111) connected to the connecting pipe (10); the clamping column (114) is arranged on the connecting section (111); the drill bit section (113) and the splicing section (112) are connected via threads; the splicing section (112) and the connecting section (111) are connected via threads; one end of the splicing section (112) is internally threaded and the other end is externally threaded, and the sizes of the two are matched; the inner diameters of the sections of the drill rod (11) are the same.

7. A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault zone of a long tunnel according to claim 6, Features: A limit groove and a guide groove are provided on the inner wall of the drill section (113); a fixed ring (1151) movable leftward and rightward is clamped in the limit groove; a clamping ring (1152) movable leftward and rightward is clamped in the guide groove; the inner diameter of the fixed ring (1151) is the same as the inner diameter of the drill section (113); the bottom surface of the guide groove is conical; the inner diameter of the left end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the right end; the clamping ring (1152) is arranged on the left side of the fixed ring (1151) and the right end of the clamping ring (1152) is fixedly connected to the fixed ring (1151); the outer surface of the clamping ring (1152) is an arc surface; the left end of the clamping ring (1152) is arranged in a tooth shape; the inner diameter of the clamping ring (1152) at the rightmost end of the guide groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill section (113); and the clamping ring (1152) is an elastic deformation member.

8. The device for collecting rock samples of the surrounding rock of the fault fracture zone of a long tunnel according to claim 1, Features: It also comprises a wax injection pipe (15) inserted from the left end of the connecting pipe (10) and extending into the interior of the drill rod (11); a piston (21) is provided on one end of the wax injection pipe (15) extending into the interior of the drill rod (11); a sealing ring (22) is provided on the outer surface of the piston (21); a valve (16) is provided on the wax injection pipe (15); the wax injection pipe (15) is connected to an external wax supply system; and the drill rod (11) and the connecting pipe (10) have the same inner diameter after being plugged in.

9. A method for collecting rock samples from the fault zone of a long tunnel. Features: A device for collecting rock samples of surrounding rock in a fault fracture zone of a long tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, which comprises the following steps: Step S1: adjusting the drill bit tilt angle: utilizing the first oil cylinder (2) and the second oil cylinder (4) in the rotating mechanism to extend and retract, and preventing the guide frame (5) from tilting forward and backward through the connecting rod mechanism (3), so as to adjust the drill bit tilt angle and ensure that the drill bit can accurately enter the predetermined position of the fault fracture zone of the tunnel; Step S2: connecting the drill rod (11): inserting the connecting section (111) of the drill rod (11) into the right end of the connecting pipe (10), starting the driving motor (8) to rotate, and sliding the clamping column (114) at the left end of the drill rod (11) along the spiral sliding groove (19) on the connecting pipe (10) into the clamping groove (17), thereby achieving a stable connection between the drill rod (11) and the connecting pipe (10); Step S3: advancing the drill bit: after the drill bit is aligned with the position to be sampled, the moving motor (7) in the pushing mechanism is started to drive the screw to rotate, so that the slide plate (6) slides to the right on the guide rod (14), pushing the sampling mechanism and the drill rod (11) forward until the drill bit enters the rock formation to collect rock samples, and the clamping column (114) is clamped to the left end position of the clamping slot (17); Step S4: Injecting protective wax: Before collecting rock samples, the valve (16) on the wax injection pipe (15) can be opened, and protective wax can be injected into the drill pipe (11) through the external wax supply system. The piston (21) in the wax injection pipe (15) is used to block the wax liquid, and the wax liquid is pushed into the surrounding rock at the location of the fracture zone; Step S5: rotating the drill bit to collect rock samples: starting the driving motor (8) in the sampling mechanism, and driving the driving gear (20) to mesh with the gear ring on the connecting pipe (10), driving the connecting pipe (10) and the drill rod (11) to rotate, thereby driving the drill bit to rotate to collect rock samples. The rock samples in the broken zone are protected by the solidified protective wax, and the surrounding rock structure of the broken zone is preserved as much as possible to facilitate subsequent analysis; Step S6: Recovering the rock sample: After the rock sample is collected, the moving motor (7) is started to rotate in the reverse direction to pull back the connecting tube (10) through the screw rod. The drill rod (11) moves to the right relative to the connecting tube (10) due to the friction force. The clamping column (114) is clamped at the right end of the clamping groove (17). Then, the drill rod (11) moves to the left, and the cut-off ring (115) inside the drill rod (11) moves to the right. The clamping ring (1152) of the cut-off ring (115) is squeezed by the guide groove to clamp the rock core. The driving motor (8) is started. ) is rotated in the reverse direction, and the connecting tube (10) is pulled back at the same time, so that the drill rod (11) can be pulled out from the surrounding rock, the drill rod (11) is pushed back, the clamping column (114) slides to the leftmost position of the clamping groove (17), the driving motor (8) is started to rotate in the reverse direction, and the drill rod (11) is pulled outward at the same time, so that the drill rod (11) can be removed from the connecting tube (10). Since the inner diameters of the various sections of the drill rod (11) are the same, the collected rock samples can be directly taken out from the left end of the drill rod (11) for subsequent processing and analysis; Step S7: Cleaning and maintenance: After each collection task, the collection device is thoroughly cleaned, the wear of each component is checked, damaged parts are replaced in time, and necessary lubrication and maintenance are performed to ensure the long-term stable operation of the collection device.

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