A three-point bending fatigue test device for wing beams

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam, and relates to the technical field of aircraft component testing. The present invention comprises a test bench, and four positioning electric slide rails are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench, and the four positioning electric slide rails are grouped in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the test bench, and the tops of the positioning electric slide rails are driven to install electric slides, and the tops of the two electric slides on the same side are provided with tooling assemblies, and the tooling assemblies are used to fix the wing beam from the upper and lower directions. The present invention sets an upper pressure cone plate head and a lower pressure cone plate head to alternately apply loads to the top and bottom of the wing beam, and cooperates with four wing beam tooling to fix the two ends of the wing beam in both directions, so as to realize a two-way three-point bending fatigue test of the wing beam, simulate the continuous load on the wing beam when the aircraft takes off and lands, and lifts or lands, so that the test results are close to the load condition of the wing beam under extreme conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft component testing, and in particular to a wing beam three-point bending fatigue testing device. Background Art

[0002] The wing main beam is the main load-bearing part of the wing. The load on the wing is transmitted to the fuselage through the main beam. The web of the wing beam is prone to buckling fatigue failure under the action of shear fatigue load. Therefore, the buckling fatigue performance of the aircraft wing beam is an important indicator to ensure the quality and safety of the wing structure. The three-point bending test, as an important form of fatigue test, applies a concentrated load on the specimen to cause it to bend and deform between two supporting points, thereby evaluating the material's mechanical properties such as bending strength and fatigue life. The test device is mainly composed of an upper pressure head (load application), a specimen, two supporting points (or called lower pressure rollers) and a data acquisition system. During the test, the upper pressure head moves downward at a constant rate or in a cyclic loading manner to apply pressure to the specimen until the specimen reaches a predetermined failure condition or completes a predetermined number of cyclic loading cycles.

[0003] At present, most of the devices used for wing beam fatigue tests are conventional three-point bending devices plus matching fixtures. The loads on the wing beam include aerodynamic forces (lift and drag) during flight, inertial forces generated during maneuvering flight, and impact forces of the landing gear during landing. These huge loads make the main beam withstand repeated bending and shearing, and at the same time, it also needs to withstand the alternating stress generated by wing vibration. The current three-point bending fatigue test device has a single force direction and is difficult to simulate the load conditions of the wing beam under complex working conditions. Therefore, a three-point bending fatigue test device for wing beams is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the current three-point bending fatigue test device has a single force direction and is difficult to simulate the load conditions of the wing beam under complex working conditions. The present invention provides a three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam comprises a test bench, wherein four positioning electric slide rails are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench, wherein the four positioning electric slide rails are grouped in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the test bench, wherein the tops of the positioning electric slide rails are driven to be installed with electric slide tables, and the tops of the two electric slide tables on the same side are both provided with tooling components;

[0007] The tooling assembly is used to fix the wing beam from both upper and lower directions;

[0008] The tooling assembly includes a tooling table fixedly mounted on the top of the two electric slides, both sides of the top of the tooling table are provided with downward pressing electric push rods, the tops of the two downward pressing electric push rods are fixedly mounted with the same downward pressing frame, the top of the tooling table and the bottom of the downward pressing frame are both provided with assembly plates, and the sides of the two assembly plates close to each other are both fixedly mounted with wing beam tooling, and the two wing beam toolings are symmetrical to each other;

[0009] The top of the test bench is fixedly installed with multiple evenly distributed slides, and the top of the multiple slides is slidably installed with the same upper pressure plate, and the top of the multiple slides is fixedly installed with multiple evenly distributed upper pressure hydraulic rods on the top of the test bench, and the telescopic ends of the multiple upper pressure hydraulic rods are fixedly installed with the bottom of the upper pressure plate, and the bottom of the upper pressure plate is fixedly installed with an upper pressure cone plate head, and the upper pressure cone plate head is located between the two tooling assemblies, and a vertically arranged lower pressure hydraulic rod is fixedly installed inside the test bench, and a lower pressure through hole is opened on the top of the test bench, and the telescopic end of the lower pressure hydraulic rod passes through the lower pressure through hole and is fixedly installed with a lower pressure cone plate head, and the lower pressure cone plate head corresponds to the position of the lower pressure hydraulic rod, and side wing frames are fixedly installed on both sides of the test bench, and horizontally arranged side pressure hydraulic rods are fixedly installed on the tops of the side wing frames, and the two side pressure hydraulic rods are symmetrical to each other, and the telescopic ends of the side pressure hydraulic rods are fixedly installed with side pressure plates, and the positions of the side pressure plates correspond to the positions of the lower pressure through holes.

[0010] Furthermore, a vibrating telescopic table is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, an oscillator is fixedly installed on one side of the workbench, the driving end of the oscillator is fixedly installed on one side of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table, the two assembly plates are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table and the bottom of the lower pressure frame, and the two lower pressure electric push rods are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table.

[0011] Furthermore, a horizontally arranged locking electric push rod is fixedly installed on one side of the tooling table, a locking plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the locking electric push rod, and a locking ring matched with the locking plate is fixedly installed on one side of the vibration telescopic table.

[0012] Furthermore, an assembly frame is provided on one side of the test bench, a horizontally arranged assembly electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the assembly frame, a pneumatic clamp is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the assembly electric push rod, a pressure head sleeve is provided on one side of the pneumatic clamp, a clamping frame is fixedly installed on the side of the pressure head sleeve facing the pneumatic clamp, the clamping frame is matched with the pressure head sleeve, the position of the pressure head sleeve corresponds to the position of the upper pressure cone plate head, a plurality of evenly distributed plug-in holes are provided on the top of the upper pressure cone plate head and on both sides of the top of the pressure head sleeve, a horizontally arranged plug-in electric push rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper pressure plate, and a plurality of plug-in plates matched with the plug-in holes are fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the plug-in electric push rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the pneumatic clamp is fixedly mounted with a laser locator, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is fixedly mounted with a laser receiver compatible with the laser locator.

[0014] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper pressing plate, and the baffle is in contact with a side of the upper pressing cone plate head away from the pressing head sleeve plate.

[0015] Furthermore, two cooling boxes are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench, and the cooling boxes located on the same side are located between the two positioning electric slide rails. A cooling pump is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling box, and the water delivery end and the water inlet end of the cooling pump are fixedly installed with three-way pipes, one of the three-way pipes is connected to the interior of the cooling box, and two infusion pipes and two return pipes are fixedly installed on one side of the two three-way pipes, respectively, the two infusion pipes extend to the interior of the two assembly plates respectively, and the two return pipes extend to the interior of the two assembly plates respectively, and the infusion pipe and the return pipe located in the same assembly plate are connected to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, a heater is fixedly installed on one side of the workbench, electric heating wires are fixedly installed inside the assembly plates, two power transmission wires are fixedly installed on the top of the heater, and the power transmission wires are respectively extended to the inside of the two assembly plates and connected to the two heating wires respectively.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention sets an upper pressure cone plate head and a lower pressure cone plate head, so that the upper pressure cone plate head and the lower pressure cone plate head alternately apply load to the top and bottom of the wing beam continuously, cooperates with four wing beam tooling to fix the two ends of the wing beam in both directions, realizes a two-way three-point bending fatigue test on the wing beam, simulates the continuous load on the wing beam when the aircraft takes off and lands, and lifts or lands, so that the test result is close to the load condition of the wing beam in extreme conditions;

[0019] 2. The present invention sets a lateral pressure hydraulic rod so that the lateral pressure plates on both sides contact the front and rear sides of the wing beam alternately and continuously load the wing beam, so that the wing beam is subjected to the lateral load, simulating the air resistance and inertia effect on the structural strength of the wing beam during normal flight, acceleration or deceleration of the aircraft, and providing more complex working conditions for the bending fatigue test.

[0020] 3. The present invention sets a vibration telescopic platform, so that the oscillators at both ends of the wing beam are started and drive the telescopic end of the upper part of the vibration telescopic platform to oscillate vertically, thereby driving the wing beam to oscillate through the top assembly plate and the wing beam tooling, simulating the influence of the alternating stress caused by the wing vibration caused by the turbulent airflow and the internal power components during the flight of the aircraft on the wing beam, and realizing the oscillation test of the wing beam;

[0021] 4. The present invention sets a locking electric push rod so that after the oscillation test is completed, the oscillator is reset. At this time, the locking electric push rod drives the locking plate and the locking ring to be plugged into each other, so that the upper telescopic end of the vibration telescopic table is locked with the tooling table, and the auxiliary oscillator fixes the vibration telescopic table to avoid the up and down movement of the vibration telescopic table, and prevents the vibration telescopic table from sliding up and down when the wing beam is subjected to the upper and lower three-point bending fatigue test, thereby affecting the test accuracy;

[0022] 5. The present invention provides a pressure head sleeve plate, so that after the upper pressure cone plate head is reset, the pneumatic clamp carries the pressure head sleeve plate to be sleeved on the upper pressure cone plate head, so that the pressure head sleeve plate and the upper pressure cone plate head are assembled together, and the shape and size of the pressure member are changed. After the lower pressure cone plate head finishes the test, the upper pressure cone plate head carries the pressure head sleeve plate to re-press the wing beam, thereby increasing the complexity of the simulated load on the wing beam and improving the reliability of the test data;

[0023] 6. The present invention is provided with a laser locator and a laser receiver, so that before assembling the pressure head sleeve, the upper pressure hydraulic rod drives the upper pressure plate to reset, and the laser locator will emit laser toward one side of the upper pressure cone plate head, so that the laser is received by the laser receiver at the bottom of the upper pressure plate to achieve positioning, thereby preventing the upper pressure cone plate head and the pressure head sleeve from being misaligned up and down due to the upper pressure plate not being lifted into place, and then causing the upper pressure cone plate head and the pressure head sleeve to be unable to be assembled together;

[0024] 7. The present invention provides a baffle plate so that when the pneumatic clamp sends the pressure head sleeve plate to the upper pressure cone plate head and sleeves with the upper pressure cone plate head, the baffle plate can block and limit the pressure head sleeve plate to prevent the pressure head sleeve plate from moving excessively, thereby causing the three plug-in holes to be staggered, resulting in the problem that the plug-in plate cannot be inserted into the plug-in hole;

[0025] 8. The present invention provides a cooling box, in which coolant is stored. When the wing beam is subjected to up and down or front and back loads, a cooling pump extracts coolant from the cooling box and inputs it into the infusion pipe, so that the coolant circulates between the infusion pipe, the return pipe and the cooling box, so that the upper and lower assembly plates are cooled, thereby conducting heat from both ends of the wing beam, and detecting changes in the wing beam when it is subjected to loads under low temperature conditions;

[0026] 9. The present invention sets a heater so that the heater controls the heating wire inside the assembly plate to heat up through the power transmission wire, thereby heating the two ends of the wing beam through the assembly plate and the wing beam tooling, detecting the changes of the wing beam when encountering load under high temperature conditions, and at the same time controlling the temperature of the two ends of the wing beam, so that the wing beam is subjected to bending fatigue test when there is a large temperature difference at both ends, thereby increasing the extreme conditions of the test and improving the test strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the test bench and the downward pressing cone plate head of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooling assembly and the positioning electric slide rail of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooling assembly of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooling assembly of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom of the upper pressing plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the assembly frame and the pressure head sleeve plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressure head sleeve plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure numerals: 1, test bench; 101, down-pressing through hole; 2, positioning electric slide rail; 3, electric slide table; 4, tooling table; 5, down-pressing electric push rod; 6, down-pressing frame; 7, assembly plate; 8, wing beam tooling; 9, slide; 10, upper pressure plate; 11, upper pressure hydraulic rod; 12, upper pressure cone plate head; 1201, plug-in hole; 13, down-pressing hydraulic rod; 14, down-pressing cone plate head; 15, side wing frame; 16, side pressure hydraulic rod; 17, side pressure plate; 18, vibration telescopic table; 19. Oscillator; 20. Locking electric push rod; 21. Locking plate; 22. Locking ring; 23. Assembly rack; 24. Assembly electric push rod; 25. Pneumatic gripper; 26. Pressure head cover plate; 27. Clamping frame; 28. Plug-in electric push rod; 29. ​​Plug-in board; 30. Laser locator; 31. Laser receiver; 32. Baffle; 33. Cooling box; 34. Cooling pump; 35. T-tube; 36. Infusion tube; 37. Reflux tube; 38. Heater; 39. Transmission wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam includes a test bench 1, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, four positioning electric slide rails 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench 1. The four positioning electric slide rails 2 are grouped in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the test bench 1. Figure 3 As shown, the top of the positioning electric slide rail 2 is driven and installed with an electric slide 3, and the tops of the two electric slides 3 on the same side are both provided with tooling components;

[0041] The tooling assembly is used to fix the wing spar from both the upper and lower directions;

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the tooling assembly includes a tooling table 4 fixedly mounted on the top of two electric slides 3, such as Figure 4 As shown, both sides of the top of the tooling table 4 are provided with downward pressing electric push rods 5, and the tops of the two downward pressing electric push rods 5 are fixedly installed with the same downward pressing frame 6. The top of the tooling table 4 and the bottom of the downward pressing frame 6 are provided with assembly plates 7. The sides of the two assembly plates 7 close to each other are fixedly installed with wing beam tooling 8. The two wing beam tooling 8 are symmetrical to each other. In this embodiment, the surface of the assembly plate 7 is provided with a plurality of groups of evenly distributed assembly holes, and the wing beam tooling 8 is screwed to the assembly plate 7 by bolts. Specifically, when the wing beam three-point bending fatigue test device is in use, the positioning electric slide rails 2 on both sides drive the electric slide table 3 to move linearly, so that the distance between the two tooling tables 4 is close. The wing beam fixture 8 is close to and greater than the length of the wing beam, and then the downward electric push rod 5 is controlled to drive upward, and the top wing beam fixture 8 is driven to move upward through the downward pressure frame 6, so that the two wing beam fixtures 8 are separated, and then the wing beam to be tested is inserted between the two wing beam fixtures 8 from one end of the top of the test bench 1, so that the two ends of the wing beam fall into the inside of the two wing beam fixtures 8 located below, and finally the downward electric push rod 5 is pressed to drive the top wing beam fixture 8 to reset, so that the four wing beam fixtures 8 tighten the two ends of the wing beam from the upper and lower directions respectively, and finally, the positioning electric slide rail 2 drives the electric slide table 3 to carry the fixture table 4 to approach each other, so that the wing beam fixtures 8 on both sides tighten and fix the two ends of the wing beam;

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of evenly distributed slides 9 are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench 1, and the same upper pressing plate 10 is slidably installed on the top of the plurality of slides 9. A plurality of evenly distributed upper pressing hydraulic rods 11 are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench 1, and the telescopic ends of the plurality of upper pressing hydraulic rods 11 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper pressing plate 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, an upper pressing cone plate head 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper pressing plate 10, and the upper pressing cone plate head 12 is located between the two tooling components, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, a vertically arranged downward pressure hydraulic rod 13 is fixedly installed inside the test bench 1, a downward pressure through hole 101 is opened on the top of the test bench 1, and the telescopic end of the downward pressure hydraulic rod 13 passes through the downward pressure through hole 101 and is fixedly installed with a downward pressure cone plate head 14, and the downward pressure cone plate head 14 corresponds to the position of the downward pressure hydraulic rod 13. Side wing frames 15 are fixedly installed on both sides of the test bench 1, and the top of the side wing frames 15 is fixedly installed with a horizontally arranged side pressure hydraulic rod 16. The two side pressure hydraulic The rods 16 are symmetrical to each other, and the telescopic ends of the side pressure hydraulic rods 16 are fixedly installed with side pressure plates 17, and the positions of the side pressure plates 17 correspond to the positions of the downward pressure through holes 101; specifically, by setting the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and the lower pressure cone plate head 14, during the test, the upper pressure hydraulic rod 11 drives the upper pressure plate 10 to slide down along the slide 9, so that the upper pressure cone plate head 12 is pressed down on the top of the wing beam, and the wing beam is continuously loaded at a constant rate or cyclically variable speed, and then the upper pressure cone plate head 12 Lift and reset, the downward pressure hydraulic rod 13 inside the test bench 1 drives the downward pressure cone plate head 14 to continuously load the bottom of the wing beam from below, and the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and the lower pressure cone plate head 14 alternately apply load to the wing beam, and cooperate with the four wing beam fixtures 8 to fix the two ends of the wing beam in both directions, so as to realize the two-way three-point bending fatigue test of the wing beam, simulate the continuous load on the wing beam when the aircraft takes off and lands, lifts or lands, so that the test result is close to the load condition of the wing beam under extreme conditions, and by arranging the side pressure hydraulic rod 16, when the upper and lower bending fatigue tests are completed, the side pressure hydraulic rods 16 on both sides can be alternately extended and retracted, so that the two side pressure plates 17 respectively contact the front and rear sides of the wing beam and continuously load the wing beam, so that the wing beam is subjected to the side load, simulating the air resistance and inertia of the wing beam during normal flight, acceleration or deceleration of the aircraft on the structural strength of the wing beam, providing more complex working conditions for bending fatigue test.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, a vibration telescopic table 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the tooling table 4, an oscillator 19 is fixedly installed on one side of the tooling table 4, a driving end of the oscillator 19 is fixedly installed on one side of the telescopic end of the vibration telescopic table 18, two assembly plates 7 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic end of the vibration telescopic table 18 and the bottom of the lower pressure frame 6, and two lower pressure electric push rods 5 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the telescopic end of the vibration telescopic table 18; specifically, by setting the vibration telescopic table 18, when the wing beam is not subjected to a bending fatigue strength test, the wing beam is suspended on the test bench 1 through the wing beam tooling 8, at this time, the oscillators 19 at both ends of the wing beam are started and drive the telescopic end of the upper part of the vibration telescopic table 18 to oscillate vertically, thereby driving the wing beam to oscillate through the top assembly plate 7 and the wing beam tooling 8, simulating the influence of the alternating stress caused by the wing vibration caused by the turbulent airflow and the internal power components during the flight of the aircraft on the wing beam, and realizing the oscillation test of the wing beam.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, a horizontally arranged locking electric push rod 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the tooling table 4, and a locking plate 21 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the locking electric push rod 20, and a locking ring 22 adapted to the locking plate 21 is fixedly installed on one side of the vibration telescopic table 18; specifically, by arranging the locking electric push rod 20, after the oscillation test is completed, the oscillator 19 drives the vibration telescopic table 18 to shrink and reset, and at this time, the locking electric push rod 20 drives the locking plate 21 to move toward the locking ring 22 and plugs into the locking ring 22, so that the upper telescopic end of the vibration telescopic table 18 is locked together with the tooling table 4, and the auxiliary oscillator 19 fixes the vibration telescopic table 18 to avoid the vibration telescopic table 18 from moving up and down, and to prevent the vibration telescopic table 18 from sliding up and down when the wing beam is subjected to the upper and lower three-point bending fatigue test, thereby affecting the test accuracy.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, an assembly rack 23 is provided on one side of the test bench 1. Figure 7 As shown, a horizontally arranged assembly electric push rod 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the assembly frame 23, and a pneumatic clamp 25 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the assembly electric push rod 24. A pressure head cover plate 26 is arranged on one side of the pneumatic clamp 25. Figure 8 As shown, a clamping frame 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the pressure head sleeve 26 facing the pneumatic clamp 25, and the clamping frame 27 is adapted to the pressure head sleeve 26. The position of the pressure head sleeve 26 corresponds to the position of the upper pressure cone plate head 12. The top of the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and both sides of the top of the pressure head sleeve 26 are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed plug holes 1201, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, a horizontally arranged plug-in electric push rod 28 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 10, and a plurality of plug-in plates 29 adapted to the plug-in holes 1201 are fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the plug-in electric push rod 28; specifically, by setting a pressure head sleeve plate 26, when the lower pressure cone plate head 14 at the bottom replaces the upper pressure cone plate head 12 to apply a load to the wing beam, the upper pressure cone plate head 12 is reset, and the assembly electric push rod 24 at the top of the assembly frame 23 drives the pneumatic clamping jaws 25 to carry the pressure head sleeve plate 26 to move toward the upper pressure cone plate head 12 until the pressure head sleeve plate 26 is completely sleeved on the upper pressure cone plate head 12, and then the plug-in electric push rod 28 drives a plurality of plug-in plates 29 to be inserted into the three plug-in holes 1201 respectively, so that the pressure head sleeve plate 26 is assembled with the upper pressure cone plate head 12, and at this time the pneumatic clamping jaws 25 loosen the clamping frame 27 to allow the pneumatic The clamping jaw 25 is separated from the pressure head sleeve 26, and the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamping jaw 25 to reset. At this time, the upper pressure cone plate head 12 is covered with the pressure head sleeve 26, which changes the shape and size of the pressure piece. After the lower pressure cone plate head 14 finishes the test, the upper pressure cone plate head 12 carries the pressure head sleeve 26 to re-pressurize the wing beam, thereby increasing the complexity of the simulated load on the wing beam and improving the reliability of the test data. After the test, the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamping jaw 25 to move to one side of the pressure head sleeve 26, and the pneumatic clamping jaw 25 re-clamps the clamping frame 27, and the plug-in electric push rod 28 drives the plug-in plate 29 to be pulled out of the plug-in hole 1201, and the pressure head sleeve 26 and the upper pressure cone plate head 12 are disassembled. Finally, the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamping jaw 25 to retract the pressure head sleeve 26 to complete this round of tests.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, the pneumatic clamp 25 is fixedly mounted with a laser locator 30. Figure 6 As shown, a laser receiver 31 compatible with the laser locator 30 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 10; specifically, by setting the laser locator 30 and the laser receiver 31, before assembling the pressure head sleeve 26, the upper pressure hydraulic rod 11 drives the upper pressure plate 10 to reset, and the laser locator 30 will emit a laser toward one side of the upper pressure cone plate head 12, so that the laser is received by the laser receiver 31 at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 10 to achieve positioning, thereby preventing the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and the pressure head sleeve 26 from being misaligned up and down due to the upper pressure plate 10 not being lifted into place, and then causing the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and the pressure head sleeve 26 to be unable to be assembled together.

[0048] like Figure 6As shown, a baffle 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 10, and the baffle 32 is in contact with the side of the upper pressure cone plate head 12 away from the pressure head sleeve 26; specifically, by setting the baffle 32, when the pneumatic clamp 25 sends the pressure head sleeve 26 to the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and is sleeved with the upper pressure cone plate head 12, the baffle 32 can block and limit the pressure head sleeve 26 to prevent the pressure head sleeve 26 from moving excessively, thereby causing the three plug-in holes 1201 to be staggered, resulting in the problem that the plug-in plate 29 cannot be inserted into the plug-in hole 1201.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, two cooling boxes 33 are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench 1. Figure 3 As shown, the cooling box 33 located on the same side is located between the two positioning electric slide rails 2, and a cooling pump 34 is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling box 33. The water delivery end and the water inlet end of the cooling pump 34 are fixedly installed with a three-way pipe 35, one of the three-way pipes 35 is connected to the interior of the cooling box 33, and two infusion pipes 36 and two return pipes 37 are fixedly installed on one side of the two three-way pipes 35, respectively. The two infusion pipes 36 extend to the interior of the two assembly plates 7, respectively, and the two return pipes 37 extend to the interior of the two assembly plates 7, respectively. The infusion pipes 36 and the return pipes 37 located in the same assembly plate 7 are connected to each other. In this embodiment, the two three-way pipes 35 are respectively connected to the water delivery end and the water inlet end of the cooling pump 34, and the bottom end of the three-way pipe 35 connected to the water inlet end of the cooling pump 34 extends to the cooling box 33. The interior of the cooling box 33 is used for pumping water, two infusion pipes 36 are fixed on the three-way pipe 35 connected to the water delivery end of the cooling pump 34, and two return pipes 37 pass through the three-way pipe 35 connected to the water inlet end of the cooling pump 34. Each assembly plate 7 has a group of infusion pipes 36 and return pipes 37 connected to each other. Specifically, by setting up a cooling box 33, coolant is stored in the cooling box 33. When the wing beam is subjected to up and down or front and back loads, the cooling pump 34 will draw coolant from the cooling box 33 and input it into the infusion pipe 36, so that the coolant circulates between the infusion pipe 36, the return pipe 37 and the cooling box 33, so that the upper and lower assembly plates 7 are cooled, thereby conducting the heat at both ends of the wing beam and detecting the changes caused by the wing beam encountering load under low temperature conditions.

[0050] like Figure 4As shown, a heater 38 is fixedly installed on one side of the tooling table 4, and electric heating wires are fixedly installed inside the assembly plates 7. Two power transmission wires 39 are fixedly installed on the top of the heater 38. The switch power transmission wires 39 extend to the inside of the two assembly plates 7 and are respectively connected to the two heating wires. Specifically, by setting the heater 38, when the wing beam is subjected to load, the heater 38 controls the heating wire inside the assembly plate 7 to heat up through the power transmission wire 39, thereby heating the two ends of the wing beam through the assembly plate 7 and the wing beam tooling 8, detecting the changes of the wing beam when encountering load under high temperature conditions, and at the same time controlling the temperature of the two ends of the wing beam, so that the wing beam is subjected to bending fatigue test when there is a large temperature difference at both ends, increasing the extreme conditions of the test, and improving the test strength.

[0051] In summary: before use: the positioning electric slide rails 2 on both sides drive the electric slide 3 to move in a straight line, so that the distance between the two tooling tables 4 is close to and greater than the length of the wing beam, and then the downward pressure electric push rod 5 is controlled to drive upward, and the top wing beam tooling 8 is driven to move upward through the downward pressure frame 6, so that the two wing beam tooling 8 are separated, and then the wing beam to be tested is inserted between the two wing beam tooling 8 from one end of the top of the test bench 1, so that the two ends of the wing beam fall into the inside of the two wing beam tooling 8 located below, and finally, the downward pressure electric push rod 5 drives the top wing beam tooling 8 to reset, so that the four wing beam tooling 8 tighten the two ends of the wing beam from the upper and lower directions respectively, and finally, the positioning electric slide rail 2 drives the electric slide 3 to carry the tooling tables 4 to approach each other, so that the wing beam tooling 8 on both sides tightens and fixes the two ends of the wing beam;

[0052] Multi-directional three-point bending fatigue test: the upper pressure hydraulic rod 11 drives the upper pressure plate 10 to slide down along the slide 9, so that the upper pressure cone plate head 12 presses down on the top of the wing beam, and continuously loads the wing beam at a constant rate or cyclic speed change, and then the upper pressure cone plate head 12 is lifted and reset, and the lower pressure hydraulic rod 13 inside the test bench 1 drives the lower pressure cone plate head 14 to continuously load the bottom of the wing beam from below, and the upper pressure cone plate head 12 and the lower pressure cone plate head 14 alternately apply loads to the wing beam, and cooperate with the four wing beam fixtures 8 to fix the two ends of the wing beam in both directions, so as to realize the two-way three-point bending fatigue test of the wing beam. The test simulates the continuous load on the wing beam when the aircraft takes off and lands, lifts or descends, so that the test results are close to the load conditions of the wing beam under extreme conditions. At the end of the upper and lower bending fatigue tests, the side pressure hydraulic rods 16 on both sides can be extended and retracted alternately, so that the two side pressure plates 17 contact the front and rear sides of the wing beam respectively and continuously load the wing beam, so that the wing beam is subjected to the side load, simulating the air resistance and inertia of the wing beam during normal flight, acceleration or deceleration of the aircraft, and providing more complex working conditions for bending fatigue tests.

[0053] Changes to the upper pressing part: When the lower pressing cone plate head 14 at the bottom replaces the upper pressing cone plate head 12 to apply load to the wing beam, the upper pressing cone plate head 12 is reset, and the laser positioning device 30 will emit a laser toward one side of the upper pressing cone plate head 12, so that the laser is received by the laser receiver 31 at the bottom of the upper pressing plate 10 to achieve positioning, and the assembly electric push rod 24 on the top of the assembly frame 23 drives the pneumatic clamp 25 to carry the pressure head sleeve plate 26 to move toward the upper pressing cone plate head 12 until the pressure head sleeve plate 26 is completely sleeved on the upper pressing cone plate head 12, and then the plug-in electric push rod 28 drives multiple plug-in plates 29 to be inserted into the three plug-in holes 1201 in turn, so that the pressure head sleeve plate 26 is assembled with the upper pressing cone plate head 12, and at this time the pneumatic clamp 25 loosens the clamping frame 27 to separate the pneumatic clamp 25 from the pressure head sleeve plate 26 , the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamp 25 to reset. At this time, the outer sleeve of the upper pressure cone plate head 12 is connected to the pressure head sleeve plate 26, which changes the shape and size of the pressure piece. After the lower pressure cone plate head 14 finishes the test, the upper pressure cone plate head 12 carries the pressure head sleeve plate 26 to re-press the wing beam, thereby increasing the complexity of the simulated load on the wing beam and improving the reliability of the test data. After the test, the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamp 25 to move to one side of the pressure head sleeve plate 26, and the pneumatic clamp 25 re-clamps the clamping frame 27. The plug-in electric push rod 28 drives the plug-in plate 29 to be pulled out of the plug-in hole 1201, and the pressure head sleeve plate 26 and the upper pressure cone plate head 12 are disassembled. Finally, the electric push rod 24 is assembled to drive the pneumatic clamp 25 to retract the pressure head sleeve plate 26 to complete this round of tests.

[0054] Oscillation fatigue test: when the wing beam is not subjected to the bending fatigue strength test, the wing beam is suspended on the test bench 1 through the wing beam fixture 8. At this time, the oscillators 19 at both ends of the wing beam are started and drive the telescopic end of the upper part of the vibration telescopic platform 18 to oscillate vertically, thereby driving the wing beam to oscillate through the top assembly plate 7 and the wing beam fixture 8, simulating the influence of the alternating stress caused by the wing vibration caused by the turbulent airflow and the internal power components during the flight of the aircraft on the wing beam, and realizing the oscillation test of the wing beam. After the oscillation test, the oscillator 19 drives the vibration telescopic platform 18 to shrink and reset. At this time, the locking electric push rod 20 drives the locking plate 21 to move toward the locking ring 22 and plug into the locking ring 22, so that the upper telescopic end of the vibration telescopic platform 18 is locked together with the fixture 4, and the auxiliary oscillator 19 fixes the vibration telescopic platform 18 to prevent the vibration telescopic platform 18 from moving up and down, and prevents the vibration telescopic platform 18 from sliding up and down when the wing beam is subjected to the upper and lower three-point bending fatigue test, thereby affecting the test accuracy;

[0055] Temperature test: When the wing beam is subjected to up and down or front and back loads, the cooling pump 34 will draw coolant from the cooling box 33 and input it into the infusion pipe 36, so that the coolant circulates between the infusion pipe 36, the return pipe 37 and the cooling box 33, so that the upper and lower assembly plates 7 are cooled, thereby conducting the heat at both ends of the wing beam, and detecting the changes in the wing beam when it encounters load under low temperature conditions. The heater 38 controls the heating of the electric heating wire inside the assembly plate 7 through the power transmission wire 39, thereby heating the two ends of the wing beam through the assembly plate 7 and the wing beam tooling 8, and detecting the changes in the wing beam when it encounters load under high temperature conditions. At the same time, the temperature of the two ends of the wing beam can be controlled, so that the wing beam is subjected to bending fatigue test when there is a large temperature difference at both ends, thereby increasing the extreme conditions of the test.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam, characterized in that: The test bench (1) comprises four positioning electric slide rails (2) fixedly mounted on the top of the test bench (1), the four positioning electric slide rails (2) being grouped in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the test bench (1), the tops of the positioning electric slide rails (2) being driven and mounted with electric slide tables (3), and the tops of the two electric slide tables (3) located on the same side being provided with tooling components; The tooling assembly is used to fix the wing beam from both upper and lower directions; The tooling assembly comprises a tooling table (4) fixedly mounted on the top of the two electric slides (3), downward pressing electric push rods (5) are arranged on both sides of the top of the tooling table (4), the top of the two downward pressing electric push rods (5) are fixedly mounted with a same downward pressing frame (6), the top of the tooling table (4) and the bottom of the downward pressing frame (6) are both provided with an assembly plate (7), and a wing beam tooling (8) is fixedly mounted on the side of the two assembly plates (7) close to each other, and the two wing beam toolings (8) are symmetrical to each other; A plurality of evenly distributed slides (9) are fixedly mounted on the top of the test bench (1), and a same upper pressure plate (10) is slidably mounted on the tops of the plurality of slides (9). A plurality of evenly distributed upper pressure hydraulic rods (11) are fixedly mounted on the top of the test bench (1), and the telescopic ends of the plurality of upper pressure hydraulic rods (11) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper pressure plate (10). An upper pressure cone plate head (12) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the upper pressure plate (10), and the upper pressure cone plate head (12) is located between the two tooling components. A vertically arranged lower pressure hydraulic rod (13) is fixedly mounted inside the test bench (1), and a top of the test bench (1) is provided. A downward pressing through hole (101), the telescopic end of the downward pressing hydraulic rod (13) passes through the downward pressing through hole (101) and is fixedly mounted with a downward pressing cone plate head (14), the downward pressing cone plate head (14) corresponds to the position of the downward pressing hydraulic rod (13), both sides of the test bench (1) are fixedly mounted with side wing frames (15), the top ends of the side wing frames (15) are fixedly mounted with horizontally arranged side pressing hydraulic rods (16), the two side pressing hydraulic rods (16) are symmetrical to each other, the telescopic ends of the side pressing hydraulic rods (16) are fixedly mounted with side pressing plates (17), the positions of the side pressing plates (17) correspond to the positions of the downward pressing through hole (101); An assembly frame (23) is provided on one side of the test bench (1), a horizontally arranged assembly electric push rod (24) is fixedly mounted on the top of the assembly frame (23), a pneumatic clamp (25) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the assembly electric push rod (24), a pressure head sleeve plate (26) is provided on one side of the pneumatic clamp (25), a clamping frame (27) is fixedly mounted on the side of the pressure head sleeve plate (26) facing the pneumatic clamp (25), the clamping frame (27) is matched with the pressure head sleeve plate (26), the position of the pressure head sleeve plate (26) corresponds to the position of the upper pressure cone plate head (12), the top of the upper pressure cone plate head (12) and the top of the pressure head sleeve plate (26) are connected to each other. A plurality of evenly distributed plug holes (1201) are provided on both sides, a horizontally arranged plug-in electric push rod (28) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper pressure plate (10), a plurality of plug-in plates (29) adapted to the plug-in holes (1201) are fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the plug-in electric push rod (28), a laser locator (30) is fixedly installed on the pneumatic clamp (25), a laser receiver (31) adapted to the laser locator (30) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper pressure plate (10), a baffle (32) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper pressure plate (10), and the baffle (32) is in contact with the side of the upper pressure cone plate head (12) away from the pressure head sleeve (26).

2. A wing beam three-point bending fatigue test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibrating telescopic table (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the tooling table (4), an oscillator (19) is fixedly mounted on one side of the tooling table (4), a driving end of the oscillator (19) is fixedly mounted on one side of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table (18), the two assembly plates (7) are respectively fixedly mounted on the top of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table (18) and the bottom of the lower pressing frame (6), and the two lower pressing electric push rods (5) are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the telescopic end of the vibrating telescopic table (18).

3. A three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged locking electric push rod (20) is fixedly mounted on one side of the tooling table (4), a locking plate (21) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the locking electric push rod (20), and a locking ring (22) adapted to the locking plate (21) is fixedly mounted on one side of the vibration telescopic table (18).

4. A three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two cooling boxes (33) are fixedly installed on the top of the test bench (1), and the cooling boxes (33) located on the same side are located between the two positioning electric slide rails (2). A cooling pump (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling box (33), and a three-way pipe (35) is fixedly installed on the water delivery end and the water inlet end of the cooling pump (34), one of the three-way pipes (35) is connected to the interior of the cooling box (33), and two infusion pipes (36) and two return pipes (37) are fixedly installed on one side of the two three-way pipes (35), respectively, the two infusion pipes (36) extend to the interior of the two assembly plates (7), respectively, and the two return pipes (37) extend to the interior of the two assembly plates (7), respectively, and the infusion pipe (36) and the return pipe (37) located in the same assembly plate (7) are connected to each other.

5. A three-point bending fatigue test device for a wing beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heater (38) is fixedly mounted on one side of the workbench (4), electric heating wires are fixedly mounted inside the assembly plates (7), two power transmission wires (39) are fixedly mounted on the top of the heater (38), and the power transmission wires (39) are respectively extended to the inside of the two assembly plates (7) and are respectively connected to the two electric heating wires.

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