Distributed metasurface antenna structure

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed metasurface antenna structure, and relates to the technical field of metasurface antennae, the distributed metasurface antenna structure comprises a base layer plate and a distribution plate, the distribution plate comprises a lower layer plate, an upper layer plate and a middle layer plate, the middle layer plate is connected with the upper layer plate through a first rotating hinge, and the middle layer plate is connected with the lower layer plate through a second rotating hinge; a telescopic column for driving the upper layer plate to lift is arranged on the base layer plate, super-surface units are arranged on the upper layer plate, the middle layer plate and the lower layer plate, and a receiving end is arranged on the base layer plate. According to the distributed metasurface antenna structure, the structure is simple, the upper, middle and lower layers of plate body structures are arranged on the base plate, each layer of plate body is provided with the metasurface units, and the multiple metasurface units which are distributed at different heights and different positions in a central symmetry mode are formed, so that when an antenna receives a detection signal, the detection frequency band width is effectively widened, and the detection efficiency is improved. And the middle-layer plate can also rotate to enlarge the detection range, so that the directional / omnidirectional detection gain is effectively increased, the detection range is large, and the precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metasurface antennas, and in particular, to a distributed metasurface antenna structure. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, antennas have been applied to intelligent electrical devices. The antennas are stimulated to generate detection microwaves with an initial polarization direction. The detection microwaves detect the activity status of users in a target area in a manner that the detection surface covers the target area, so that the intelligent electrical devices can adjust the working status and working mode according to the user's activity status to provide users with intelligent and humanized services.

[0003] Metasurface refers to an artificial layered material with a thickness less than the wavelength. Metasurfaces can achieve flexible and effective control of the polarization, amplitude, phase, polarization mode, propagation mode and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves; according to the type of waves being controlled, metasurfaces can be divided into optical metasurfaces, acoustic metasurfaces, mechanical metasurfaces, etc. Optical metasurfaces are the most common type. They can control the polarization, phase, amplitude, frequency and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves through sub-wavelength microstructures. They are an emerging technology that combines optics and nanotechnology.

[0004] Therefore, a metasurface detection antenna that combines metasurface technology and antenna detection technology has now appeared, that is, a metasurface lens is set on the detection antenna, and the optical metasurface is used to regulate electromagnetic waves for detection and communication. For example, the Chinese patent invention patent CN111600123A provides a metasurface antenna. The metasurface antenna includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a third substrate, a fourth substrate, a metasurface structure, a radiation patch, a ground plate, a directional differential feeding network and a capacitive matching network. The above invention technical solution is electrically connected to the radiation patch through two signal output ends of the directional differential feeding network, and the directional differential feeding network performs differential feeding to the radiation patch through the two signal output ends, so that the radiation patch generates a directional radiation source, a capacitive matching network is arranged in the second substrate and the third substrate, and a ground plate is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate. The capacitive matching network is connected to the radiation patch so that the radiation patch generates an omnidirectional radiation source, and the metasurface structure receives the directional radiation source and / or the omnidirectional radiation source, and widens the frequency band width of the directional radiation source and / or the omnidirectional radiation source, and increases the gain of the directional radiation source and / or the omnidirectional radiation source.

[0005] However, the metasurface lens structure is set on a plane, resulting in poor detection accuracy. In order to avoid this defect, multiple metasurface lens antennas should be set and set at different positions to form different planes. Multiple metasurface detection antennas can detect simultaneously to obtain greater detection accuracy.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary for us to design a reasonable and efficient distributed metasurface antenna structure. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed metasurface antenna structure with a simple structure. An upper, middle and lower multi-layer board structure is arranged on a base board. A metasurface unit is arranged on each layer of the board, forming a plurality of metasurface units that are centrally symmetrically distributed at different heights and positions. When the antenna receives a detection signal, the multi-layer metasurface units verify the data with each other, effectively widening the detection frequency band width. In addition, the middle layer board can also be rotated to increase the detection range, effectively increasing the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and the detection range is large and the accuracy is high.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A distributed metasurface antenna structure comprises a base plate and a distribution plate arranged on the base plate, the distribution plate comprising a lower plate arranged on the base plate, an upper plate arranged on the upper side of the lower plate, and a middle plate used to connect the lower plate and the upper plate, one end of the upper side of the middle plate is connected to the middle part of the lower side of the upper plate through a first rotating hinge, one end of the lower side of the middle plate away from the upper plate is connected to the middle part of the upper side of the lower plate through a second rotating hinge, a telescopic column for driving the upper plate to rise and fall is arranged on the base plate, metasurface units are arranged on the upper plate, and a receiving end for electrically connecting to the metasurface unit is arranged on the base plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a reference plate is arranged on the upper side of the upper plate, and the reference plate is also provided with a metasurface unit.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base plate is provided with a sliding groove for facilitating the sliding of the lower plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a part of the super-surface units on the upper plate is located on the lower side of the reference plate, the number of the upper plates is at least one, and the sum of the leakage areas of the super-surface units on all the upper plates is equal to the area of ​​the super-surface units on the reference plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the telescopic column is at least one.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the leakage area of ​​the super-surface unit on the lower plate is equal to the leakage area of ​​the super-surface unit on the upper plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reference plate, the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are all provided with installation grooves for facilitating the installation of the super surface unit, and the area of ​​the installation groove is not less than the area of ​​the super surface unit.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the notch of the mounting slot is provided with a transparent cover plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electromagnetic component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove; and a magnetic component is arranged at the lower side of the super-surface unit.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feeding circuit is also provided in the base board.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the distributed metasurface antenna structure of the present invention are: simple structure, an upper, middle and lower multi-layer board structure is arranged on the base board, and each layer of the board is provided with a metasurface unit, forming a plurality of metasurface units centrally symmetrically distributed at different heights and positions, so that when the antenna receives a detection signal, the multi-layer metasurface units verify the data with each other, effectively widening the detection frequency band width, and the middle layer board can also rotate to increase the detection range, effectively increasing the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and the detection range is large and the accuracy is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a distributed metasurface antenna structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a middle plate after rotation in one embodiment of a distributed metasurface antenna structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a super-surface unit in an embodiment of a distributed super-surface antenna structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement and steps of modules and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the processes in the drawings are not just performed separately, but multiple steps are performed in an interlaced manner.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

[0025] Technologies, methods, and systems known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and systems should be considered part of the authorization specification.

[0026] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 , 2 The figure shown is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, a distributed metasurface antenna structure, including a base plate 5 and a distribution plate arranged on the base plate 5, the distribution plate including a lower plate 4 arranged on the base plate 5, an upper plate 2 arranged on the upper side of the lower plate 4, and a middle plate 3 for connecting the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2, one end of the upper side of the middle plate 3 is connected to the middle part of the lower side of the upper plate 2 through a first rotating hinge 31, and the end of the lower side of the middle plate 3 away from the upper plate 2 is connected to the middle part of the upper side of the lower plate 4 through a second rotating hinge 32, a telescopic column 51 for driving the upper plate 2 to rise and fall is arranged on the base plate 5, metasurface units 6 are arranged on the upper plate 2, and a receiving end 52 for electrically connecting to the metasurface unit 6 is arranged on the base plate 5.

[0027] In a conventional metasurface antenna structure, a flat plate body can be directly arranged on the base plate, and one or more metasurface units are arranged on this flat plate to perform metasurface detection; in the present application, the plate body on the base plate 5 is made into a distribution plate structure, and the structure of the distribution plate is: different heights and different positions, forming multiple plate bodies at different positions and different planes, and each distribution plate is also provided with a metasurface unit 6, that is, the upper plate 2, the middle plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are all provided with a metasurface unit 6, so as to perform metasurface detection on different planes and improve the detection accuracy. Of course, the base plate 5 is provided with a receiving end 52 for electrically connecting to the metasurface unit 6, which is used to obtain the detection data of the metasurface unit 6 on the distribution plate, and a feeding circuit 54 is also provided in the base plate 5, and the feeding circuit 54 performs signal data feedback processing.

[0028] In the present invention, the distribution plate includes a lower plate 4, a middle plate 3 and an upper plate 2. The lower plate 4 is directly arranged on the base plate 5, and the upper plate 2 is connected to the lower plate 4 through the middle plate 3. Here, when the base plate 5 is facing the detection direction, it can be known that the upper plate 2 is closest to the detection source, the middle plate 3 is second, and the lower plate is farthest, forming a multi-layer metasurface unit detection at different distances from the detection source.

[0029] One end of the upper side of the middle plate 3 is connected to the middle part of the lower side of the upper plate 2 through a first rotating hinge 31, and one end of the lower side of the middle plate 3 away from the upper plate 2 is connected to the middle part of the upper side of the lower plate 4 through a second rotating hinge 32, so that the middle plate 3 can rotate.

[0030] In fact, the middle plate 3 does not rotate actively, but because the base plate 5 is provided with a telescopic column 51 for driving the upper plate 2 to rise and fall, the telescopic column 51 extends, thereby driving the upper plate 2 away from the lower plate 4, thereby driving the middle plate 3 to rotate.

[0031] It should be noted that since the upper plate 2 is away from the base plate 5 and the middle plate 3 rotates, the lower plate 4 will inevitably slide horizontally on the integrated plate 5. The base plate 5 is provided with a slide groove 53 for facilitating the sliding of the lower plate 4. The elongation of the telescopic column 51 will cause the lower plate 4 to slide along the slide groove 53 toward the telescopic column 51.

[0032] In the present invention, the leakage area of ​​a super-surface unit 6 on the lower plate 4 is equal to the leakage area of ​​a super-surface unit 6 on the upper plate 2 .

[0033] Then the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2 are oriented in the same direction, the forward detection area of ​​the metasurface unit 6 is also the same, and theoretically the detection data are also the same. However, due to the different heights (distance from the detection source) between the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2, the detection data of the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2 are affected by the frequency of the detection source signal. It is only necessary to drive the telescopic column 51 to slowly extend and retract to change the distance between the upper plate 2 and the detection source, so that the height difference between the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2 is equal to 2n times the wavelength of the detection signal of the detection source, so that the detection data of the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2 can be the same; conversely, the detection data of the lower plate 4 can be compared with the detection data of the upper plate 2 by slowly extending and retracting the telescopic column 51, so as to analyze the detection source signal frequency.

[0034] In actual use, the expansion and contraction of the telescopic column 51 can also be used to decompose the multi-signal source multi-band detection signals, thereby effectively widening the detection frequency band width.

[0035] In addition, the telescopic change of the telescopic column 51 can also change the angle of the middle plate 3, thereby changing the angle between the middle plate 3 and the detection source, so that the detection range is increased while further verifying the data with the lower plate 4 and the upper plate 2, increasing the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and promoting the entire metasurface detection structure to have a large detection range and high accuracy.

[0036] The present invention discloses a distributed metasurface antenna structure with a simple structure. An upper, middle and lower multi-layer plate structure is arranged on a base plate. Each layer of the plate is provided with a metasurface unit, forming a plurality of metasurface units centrally symmetrically distributed at different heights and positions. When the antenna receives a detection signal, the multi-layer metasurface units verify data with each other, effectively widening the detection frequency band width. Moreover, the middle layer plate can also be rotated to increase the detection range, effectively increasing the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and having a large detection range and high precision.

[0037] Embodiment 2, still as Figure 1 , 2 The figure shown is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of the first embodiment, in a distributed metasurface antenna structure of the present invention, a reference plate 1 is arranged on the upper side of the upper plate 2, and the reference plate 1 is also provided with a metasurface unit 6. The metasurface unit 6 on the reference plate 1 is closer to the detection source.

[0038] Moreover, at least a part of the supersurface unit 6 on the upper plate 2 is located on the lower side of the reference plate 1, the number of the upper plates 2 is at least one, and the sum of the leakage areas of the supersurface units 6 on all the upper plates 2 is equal to the area of ​​the supersurface units 6 on the reference plate 1. Here, the supersurface unit 6 on the reference plate 1 and the supersurface unit on the upper plate 1 have the same direction, the same distance, and the same detection area, and can be further used as comparison data. During the extension and retraction process of the telescopic column 51, the change values ​​of the detection data of the lower plate 4 and the detection data of the upper plate 2 are compared to further ensure the accuracy of the verification, increase the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and have a large detection range and high accuracy.

[0039] Of course, the number of the telescopic column 51 is at least one.

[0040] Embodiment three, as Figures 1 to 3 The figure shown is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of any of the above embodiments, in a distributed metasurface antenna structure of the present invention, the reference plate 1, the upper plate 2, the middle plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are all provided with a mounting groove 61 for facilitating the installation of the metasurface unit 6, and the area of ​​the mounting groove 61 is not less than the area of ​​the metasurface unit 6. Generally speaking, the mounting groove 61 is slightly larger than the metasurface unit, so that the metasurface unit 6 can be just inserted into the mounting groove 61, and then a transparent cover plate 62 is provided at the notch of the mounting groove 61, which does not affect the detection of the metasurface unit 6 and can also protect the metasurface unit 6.

[0041] In addition, an electromagnetic component 62 is provided at the bottom of the installation groove 61; a magnetic component 63 is provided on the lower side of the metasurface unit 6. The magnetic component 63 is naturally magnetic, while the electromagnetic component 62 is magnetized when electricity is applied, which can change the direction and size of the magnetic field and has the following functions: 1. When the metasurface unit 6 is installed, the direction of the metasurface unit 6 is corrected by adjusting the size and direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic component 62 to level the metasurface unit 6 so that the metasurface unit 6 is parallel to the distribution plate; 2. After the metasurface unit 6 is installed, the size and direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic component 62 are adjusted to make the metasurface unit 6 effectively adhere to the bottom of the installation groove 61 (for example, the middle plate 3 still adheres to the bottom of the groove when it rotates), and it is not easy to loosen or be damaged; 3. When the metasurface unit 6 is working, the direction of the metasurface unit 6 is further adjusted to perform multi-source multi-signal detection.

[0042] The present invention discloses a distributed metasurface antenna structure with a simple structure. An upper, middle and lower multi-layer plate structure is arranged on a base plate. Each layer of the plate is provided with a metasurface unit, forming a plurality of metasurface units centrally symmetrically distributed at different heights and positions. When the antenna receives a detection signal, the multi-layer metasurface units verify data with each other, effectively widening the detection frequency band width. Moreover, the middle layer plate can also be rotated to increase the detection range, effectively increasing the directional / omnidirectional detection gain, and having a large detection range and high precision.

[0043] The present invention is not limited to the above specific implementations, and the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the above implementations based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed metasurface antenna structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (5) and a distribution plate arranged on the base plate (5), wherein the distribution plate comprises a lower plate (4) arranged on the base plate (5), an upper plate (2) arranged on the upper side of the lower plate (4), and a middle plate (3) used to connect the lower plate (4) and the upper plate (2), wherein one end of the upper side of the middle plate (3) is connected to the middle part of the lower side of the upper plate (2) via a first rotating hinge (31), and one end of the lower side of the middle plate (3) away from the upper plate (2) is connected to the middle part of the upper side of the lower plate (4) via a second rotating hinge (32), and a telescopic column (51) for driving the upper plate (2) to rise and fall is arranged on the base plate (5), and a super surface unit (6) is arranged on the upper plate (2), the middle plate (3) and the lower plate (4), and a receiving end (52) for electrically connecting to the super surface unit (6) is arranged on the base plate (5).

2. A distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reference plate (1) is arranged on the upper side of the upper plate (2), and the reference plate (1) is also provided with a super surface unit (6).

3. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (5) is provided with a sliding groove (53) for facilitating the sliding of the lower plate (4).

4. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least a portion of the supersurface units (6) on the upper plate (2) is located on the lower side of the reference plate (1), the number of the upper plate (2) is at least one, and the sum of the leakage areas of the supersurface units (6) on all the upper plates (2) is equal to the area of ​​the supersurface units (6) on the reference plate (1).

5. A distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the telescopic column (51) is at least one.

6. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage area of ​​the super surface unit (6) on the lower plate (4) is equal to the leakage area of ​​the super surface unit (6) on the upper plate (2).

7. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reference plate (1), the upper plate (2), the middle plate (3) and the lower plate (4) are all provided with mounting grooves (61) for facilitating the installation of the super surface unit (6), and the area of ​​the mounting grooves (61) is not less than the area of ​​the super surface unit (6).

8. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slot opening of the installation slot (61) is provided with a transparent cover plate (62).

9. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electromagnetic component (64) is provided at the bottom of the installation groove (61); and a magnetic component (63) is provided at the lower side of the super-surface unit (6).

10. The distributed metasurface antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding circuit (54) is also provided in the base plate (5).

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