Intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of electric power, and provides an intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device for lithium batteries, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit is used for charging and discharging N lithium batteries, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit comprises a communication module coupled to an electronic device; the control module is coupled with the communication module; the N charging and discharging modules are coupled with the control module; and the sampling module is coupled with each charging and discharging module and the control module. Through mutual cooperation among the communication module, the control module, the charging and discharging module and the sampling module, intelligent charging and discharging management of the N lithium batteries is realized, and the operation convenience and the charging and discharging efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of electric power technology, and in particular relates to an intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device for a lithium battery. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of today's society, the popularity of electronic products and people's dependence on them are increasing day by day. As one of the core components supporting these high-tech devices, the importance of batteries is self-evident. Since the advent of lithium-ion batteries in 1980, this technology has perfectly met the high requirements of electronic products for power performance with its unique advantages - compact size, the lightest body among all metal materials, high energy storage density and low redox potential, thus promoting the rapid development of lithium battery technology. As a leader in the field of rechargeable batteries, the charging and discharging technology of lithium batteries as their supporting equipment has also undergone profound changes and continuous optimization. However, in scenarios where a large number of lithium batteries need to be managed, the existing lithium battery charging and discharging circuits need to be improved in terms of efficiency and intelligence. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a smart charging and discharging circuit and device for a lithium battery, which can solve the problems of low efficiency and intelligence level of traditional lithium battery charging and discharging circuits.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent charging and discharging circuit, which is used to charge and discharge N lithium batteries, where N is a positive integer of 1 or greater than 1, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit includes:

[0005] A communication module, the communication module is coupled to an electronic device and is used to communicate with the electronic device;

[0006] A control module, the control module is coupled to the communication module and is used to control the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery according to the control instructions received by the communication module;

[0007] N charging and discharging modules, each of which is coupled to the control module, and each of which is used to charge and discharge a lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module;

[0008] A sampling module is coupled to each of the charging and discharging modules and the control module. The sampling module is used to sample the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module, obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data, and output them to the control module.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the control module includes N charge and discharge control units, each of which corresponds to the charge and discharge module on a one-to-one basis, and is used to control the charge and discharge process of the charge and discharge module corresponding thereto.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0011] A lithium battery in-place detection module is coupled to the control module and each of the charge and discharge modules, and is used to detect whether the lithium battery is connected to the charge and discharge module, and to feed back the detection result to the control module.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the control module includes a power-on control unit, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0013] A power module, the power module is coupled to the charging and discharging module and is used to provide electric energy to the charging and discharging module;

[0014] A switch module, wherein an output end of the switch module is coupled to the power module, an input end of the switch module is coupled to an AC power source, and the switch module is used to control the connection between the AC power source and the power module;

[0015] A power-on control unit, wherein the input end of the power-on control unit is coupled to the lithium battery in-place detection module, and the output end is coupled to the control end of the switch module, and the power-on control unit is used to control the switch module according to the detection result of the lithium battery in-place detection module.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the circuit state information includes: circuit temperature, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0017] A temperature detection module is coupled to the electronic device and is used to detect the circuit temperature of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit and output the temperature detection result to the electronic device.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the charging and discharging module includes:

[0019] A charging unit, coupled to the control module, for charging the lithium battery under the control of the control module;

[0020] A discharge unit is coupled to the control module and is used to discharge the lithium battery under the control of the control module.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the charging unit includes:

[0022] A first control switch, wherein an input terminal of the first control switch is coupled to a voltage output terminal, and a control terminal of the first control switch is coupled to the control module;

[0023] an inductor, one end of which is coupled to the output end of the first control switch, and the other end of which is coupled to the lithium battery;

[0024] A capacitor, one end of which is coupled to the other end of the inductor, and the other end of which is grounded;

[0025] A diode, one end of the diode is coupled to the output end of the first control switch, and the other end of the diode is grounded.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the discharge unit includes:

[0027] An operational amplifier, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is coupled to the control module;

[0028] a second control switch, wherein a control terminal of the second control switch is coupled to an output terminal of the operational amplifier;

[0029] a load resistor, one end of which is coupled to the lithium battery, and the other end of which is coupled to the input end of the second control switch;

[0030] A sampling resistor, one end of which is coupled to the output end of the second control switch and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the sampling module includes:

[0032] A switching chip, wherein the switching chip comprises a plurality of output interfaces, an input of the switching chip is coupled to the charging and discharging module, and is used to obtain a sampling current of the charging and discharging module, and switch different output interfaces according to the size of the sampling current;

[0033] A signal amplifier chip, wherein the input end of the signal amplifier chip is coupled to the output interface of the switching chip, and the output end is coupled to the control module. The signal amplifier chip is used to amplify the sampling current output by the switching chip and output the amplified sampling current to the control module.

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent charging and discharging system, including an electronic device and an intelligent charging and discharging circuit as described in any one of the above items.

[0035] Beneficial effects of this application

[0036] The present application provides a lithium battery intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided by the present application can be used to perform charging and discharging operations for N lithium batteries at the same time. Compared with charging one by one, the parallel charging method can significantly reduce the overall charging and discharging time, and can effectively improve the charging and discharging efficiency in the scenario where a large number of lithium batteries need to be managed; and the present application manages the charging process of N lithium batteries through a unified intelligent charging and discharging circuit, which greatly simplifies the management operation. It only needs to send a control instruction through an electronic device to achieve centralized control of all lithium batteries, without the need to operate each lithium battery one by one, thereby improving management efficiency and reducing errors and delays that may be caused by cumbersome operations; in addition, as demand grows, more lithium batteries can be supported by adding charging and discharging modules without major modifications to the existing circuit, and has good scalability; in addition, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided by the present application can also obtain the charging and discharging status of the lithium battery in real time, and adjust the charging strategy in real time according to the voltage and current data fed back by the sampling module, to ensure that each lithium battery can be charged under safe and stable conditions. This intelligent control mechanism helps to prevent the occurrence of problems such as overcharging and over-discharging, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a discharge unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the current sampling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is the second structural diagram of the current sampling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure numerals: communication module 100, control module 200, charge and discharge control unit 201, power-on control unit 202, charge and discharge module 300, charging unit 301, discharging unit 302, sampling module 400, voltage sampling unit 401, current sampling unit 402, lithium battery in-place detection module 500, power module 600, switch module 700, temperature detection module 800, first control switch K1, inductor L, diode D, operational amplifier OP, second control switch K2, load resistor RL, sampling resistor R1, switching chip U1, signal amplification chip U2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0047] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0049] As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "uponce" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "uponce it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "uponce [described condition or event] is detected" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]", depending on the context.

[0050] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0052] With the rapid development of today's society, the popularity of electronic products and people's dependence on them are increasing day by day. As one of the core components supporting these high-tech devices, the importance of batteries is self-evident. Since the advent of lithium-ion batteries in 1980, this technology has perfectly met the high requirements of electronic products for power performance with its unique advantages - compact size, the lightest body among all metal materials, high energy storage density and low redox potential, thus promoting the rapid development of lithium battery technology. As a leader in the field of rechargeable batteries, the charging and discharging technology of lithium batteries as their supporting equipment has also undergone profound changes and continuous optimization. However, in scenarios where a large number of lithium batteries need to be managed, the existing lithium battery charging and discharging circuits need to be improved in terms of efficiency and intelligence.

[0053] The embodiment of the present application provides a smart charging and discharging circuit and device for lithium batteries, wherein the smart charging and discharging circuit is used to charge and discharge N lithium batteries, including: a communication module coupled to an electronic device; a control module coupled to the communication module; N charging and discharging modules, all coupled to the control module; and a sampling module coupled to each charging and discharging module and the control module. Through the cooperation between the communication module, the control module, the charging and discharging module and the sampling module, the problem that the charging and discharging circuit of the lithium battery cannot efficiently and intelligently complete the charging and discharging tasks can be solved, and the smart charging and discharging management of N lithium batteries can be realized, effectively improving the convenience of operation and the charging and discharging efficiency.

[0054] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, specific embodiments are provided below.

[0055] See also Figure 1 The circuit structure diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit shown is, by way of example and not limitation, comprising:

[0056] The communication module 100 is coupled to an electronic device and is used to communicate with the electronic device;

[0057] A control module 200, which is coupled to the communication module 100 and is used to control the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery according to the control instructions received by the communication module 100;

[0058] N charging and discharging modules 300, each of the N charging and discharging modules 300 is coupled to the control module 200, and each charging and discharging module 300 is used to charge and discharge the lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module 200;

[0059] The sampling module 400 is coupled to each charging and discharging module 300 and the control module 200 . The sampling module 400 is used to sample the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module 300 , obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data, and output them to the control module 200 .

[0060] The intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes intelligent charging and discharging management of N lithium batteries through the cooperation among the communication module 100, the control module 200, the charging and discharging module 300 and the sampling module 400.

[0061] Specifically, the communication module 100 is responsible for communicating with external electronic devices, can receive control instructions from the electronic devices, and can send circuit status information to the electronic devices.

[0062] Exemplarily, the external electronic device may be a PC (Personal Computer), such as a desktop, a laptop, a small laptop, a tablet, and an ultrabook, etc. It should be noted that any device with the function of sending control instructions and receiving information can be used as the external electronic device mentioned in this application, and this application does not limit this.

[0063] Exemplarily, the circuit status information includes: circuit temperature, voltage and current of the charge and discharge module 300 .

[0064] Exemplarily, the communication module 100 may be an RS485 interface circuit, and the control module 200 communicates with external electronic devices via the RS485 interface circuit.

[0065] The control module 200 receives the control instructions from the communication module 100 and manages the charging and discharging process of the N lithium batteries according to the control instructions.

[0066] Exemplarily, the control module 200 can accurately control various parameters of the charge and discharge module 300 according to the control instructions, such as: charging target voltage, maximum charging current, charging cutoff current, discharge target voltage, maximum discharge current, etc. The control module 200 can flexibly control the charge and discharge process according to the control instructions, and ensure the safety and efficiency of the charge and discharge process, and can also be compatible with different models of lithium batteries.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, the control instructions include: a start charging instruction, an end charging instruction, a voltage query instruction, a start discharging instruction, etc. Taking the start charging instruction as an example, the contents include: a start bit, an address, a command, a voltage, a capacity, a target voltage, an internal resistance and an end bit, for example: FFFF 0101 420 3000 410 300FFFE.

[0068] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit may also send information to the electronic device, for example, to inform the electronic device that charging is complete, or to inform the electronic device that the battery is in place / not in place.

[0069] Under the control of the control module 200 , the charge and discharge module 300 is responsible for charging or discharging N lithium batteries.

[0070] The sampling module 400 is responsible for real-time monitoring of the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module 300, and feeding back these data to the control module 200. The control module 200 processes the current sampling data and the voltage sampling data to obtain the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value. The sampling data can be used to understand the charging and discharging status in real time, so as to perform precise control and avoid the occurrence of problems such as overcharging and over-discharging.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, the control module 200 can analyze the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value, and control the charge and discharge module 300 according to the analysis result. For example, the voltage sampling value can be compared with a preset voltage threshold, and when the voltage sampling value is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the charge and discharge module 300 is controlled to stop the charge and discharge process.

[0072] In other possible embodiments, after obtaining the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value, the control module 200 can send them to the electronic device through the communication module 100, so that the electronic device analyzes the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value, and issues control instructions to the control module 200 based on the analysis results, and the control module 200 then controls the charging and discharging process of the charging and discharging module 300 according to the control instructions.

[0073] It should also be noted that the control module 200 can adjust the charge and discharge strategy in real time according to the voltage and current data fed back by the sampling module 400 to ensure that each lithium battery can be charged and discharged under safe and stable conditions. This intelligent control mechanism helps prevent the occurrence of problems such as overcharging and over-discharging, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0074] The following is explained in conjunction with specific usage scenarios. Taking the charging and discharging of POS machines as an example, lithium batteries, as one of the important components of POS machines, are particularly important in the daily use of POS machines. For machines returned after sales, their power is usually partially consumed or even completely consumed. At this time, the lithium battery of the POS machine needs to be charged first. However, for the case where the number of returned machines is large, charging each battery one by one takes a lot of time. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit proposed in this application can charge multiple lithium batteries at the same time. Compared with charging one by one, the parallel charging method can significantly reduce the overall charging and discharging time and effectively improve the charging and discharging efficiency; and, the present application manages the charging process of N lithium batteries through a unified intelligent charging and discharging circuit, which greatly simplifies the management operation. It only needs to send control instructions through electronic devices to achieve centralized control of all lithium batteries, without operating each lithium battery one by one, improving management efficiency and reducing errors and delays that may be caused by cumbersome operations; in addition, as demand grows, it can support a larger number of lithium batteries by adding a charging and discharging module 300 without major modifications to the existing circuit, and has good scalability.

[0075] In one possible implementation, see Figure 2 The control module 200 includes N charge and discharge control units 201 , and the charge and discharge control units 201 correspond to the charge and discharge modules 300 one by one. The charge and discharge control units 201 are used to control the charge and discharge process of the corresponding charge and discharge modules 300 .

[0076] It should be noted that in the intelligent charging and discharging circuit of the lithium battery, the control module 200 is the core of the entire system and is responsible for managing the charging and discharging process of each lithium battery according to the control instructions. In order to achieve this function, N charging and discharging control units 201 are set inside the control module 200, and the N charging and discharging control units 201 correspond to the N charging and discharging modules 300 one by one, forming a precise control system, ensuring that each lithium battery can be managed independently and accurately, that is, the parameter adjustment during the charging and discharging process (such as charging current, discharging current, charging and discharging cut-off voltage, etc.) can be performed independently for different states of each lithium battery.

[0077] It should also be noted that the control instruction also includes the address of the charge and discharge control unit 201 , so the control instruction can be accurately transmitted to each charge and discharge control unit 201 , and individual control of each charge and discharge control unit 201 can be achieved.

[0078] In one possible implementation, see Figure 2 , the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes:

[0079] The lithium battery in-place detection module 500 is coupled to the control module 200 and each charge and discharge module 300 , and is used to detect whether the lithium battery is connected to the charge and discharge module 300 , and to feed back the detection result to the control module 200 .

[0080] It should be noted that the main function of the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 is to detect whether each lithium battery is correctly connected to the corresponding charge and discharge module 300, which can prevent safety problems such as short circuit and overcurrent caused by improper battery installation. In addition to safety detection, the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can also provide real-time feedback of the battery connection status to the control module 200, and the control module 200 can then adjust the charge and discharge strategy or issue a corresponding warning signal according to the actual connection status of the battery.

[0081] For example, during use, if a battery is not installed correctly, the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can provide feedback to the control module 200, and then the control module 200 can send a warning signal to the electronic device through the communication module 100 to remind the user to discover and solve the problem in time.

[0082] It should also be noted that the lithium battery presence detection module 500 can be implemented using a variety of technologies, including but not limited to mechanical switches, Hall sensors, contact sensors or optical sensors, etc. These sensors can detect the physical connection status between the battery and the charge and discharge module 300, or determine whether the battery is in place by detecting the battery's unique electrical characteristics (such as resistance, capacitance, etc.).

[0083] For example, the presence of the battery can be detected by a mechanical switch that is triggered when the battery is inserted; or the presence of the battery can be detected by using a change in the magnetic field, that is, when the battery is close to the sensor, it will change the magnetic field around the sensor, thereby triggering a detection signal; or the presence of the battery can be detected by reflecting or blocking light, that is, when the battery is inserted, it will block or reflect specific light, thereby triggering a detection signal. This application does not limit the specific method of battery presence detection.

[0084] In addition, it should be noted that the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can detect the battery in-place status of each charging and discharging module 300 and give the detection results one by one; in the case of a large number of charging and discharging modules 300, a detection result can also be given for the battery in-place status of multiple charging and discharging modules 300. For example, in the case of N being 288, a comprehensive detection result can be given for the battery in-place status of the 1st to 48th charging and discharging modules 300, that is, if all of the 48 batteries are in place, a battery in-place signal is given, and if any of the batteries is not in place, a battery out-of-place signal is given; for the 49th to 96th, 97th to 144th, 145th to 192nd, 193th to 240th and 241st to 288th charging and discharging modules 300, the above-mentioned method can also be adopted to give the detection results. In this way, the number of transmitted signals can be reduced, and the burden of system data transmission can be reduced.

[0085] In one possible implementation, see Figure 2 The control module 200 includes a power-on control unit 202, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes:

[0086] A power module 600, the power module 600 is coupled to the charge and discharge module 300, and is used to provide power to the charge and discharge module 300;

[0087] A switch module 700, one end of the switch module 700 is coupled to the power module 600, and the other end of the switch module 700 is coupled to an AC power source, and the switch module 700 is used to control the connection between the AC power source and the power module 600;

[0088] The power-on control unit 202 has an input terminal coupled to the lithium battery presence detection module 500 and an output terminal coupled to the switch module 700 . The power-on control unit 202 is used to control the switch module 700 according to the detection result of the lithium battery presence detection module 500 .

[0089] It should be noted that the power module 600 can convert the electric energy from other energy sources (such as the mains or other power sources) into the voltage and current specifications required by the charge and discharge module 300, and provide the necessary electric energy for the charge and discharge module 300. In addition, the power module 600 also provides electric energy for other modules and units in the intelligent charge and discharge circuit.

[0090] In some possible implementations, the power module 600 can provide voltages of +12V, -12V, +5V, and +3.3V. Among them, +12V and +5V use a DC-DC step-down method; +3.3V uses a linear voltage regulator; -12V is a negative voltage circuit based on the switching characteristics of the transistor, and when used, a square wave of about 1KHz is required to switch the transistor. Figure 7When PWM is at a low level, transistor Q72 is turned on, transistor Q71 is turned off, VCC charges capacitor C71 through transistor Q72, and the charging circuit is VCC-transistor Q72-capacitor C71-diode D72-GND, with capacitor C71 being positive on the left and negative on the right. When PWM is at a high level, transistor Q72 is turned off, transistor Q71 is turned on, capacitor C71 starts to discharge, and the discharge circuit is: capacitor C71-capacitor C72-diode D1, which is also the process of charging capacitor C72. After capacitor C72 is charged, it is positive at the bottom and negative at the top.

[0091] It should be noted that the -12V power supply provided in the embodiment of the present application is based on a triode design. Such a design can save a negative voltage power supply chip and reduce circuit costs.

[0092] It should also be noted that the power module 600 further includes a resistor R71 and a resistor R72.

[0093] In some possible implementations, the switch module 700 can be an AC contactor, which is an automatic switching device that connects or disconnects the load main circuit. It uses electromagnetic force to close or disconnect the switch. It is suitable for frequent operation and remote control of high-voltage circuits, and has low-voltage release protection performance.

[0094] It should also be noted that during use, based on the detection result of the lithium battery presence detection module 500, the power-on control unit 202 will send a corresponding control signal to the switch module 700. For example, if the lithium battery is in place, the power-on control unit 202 will instruct the switch module 700 to turn on, allowing the AC power supply to power the power module 600; if the lithium battery is not in place, the power-on control unit 202 will instruct the switch module 700 to turn off to ensure system safety.

[0095] The overall workflow of powering on the circuit is described below. When the system is powered on, the lithium battery presence detection module 500 first detects the status of the lithium battery. If the lithium battery is in place, the detection result will be sent to the power-on control unit 202; the power-on control unit 202 controls the switch module 700 to turn on according to the detection result, allowing the AC power supply to power the power module 600; after receiving the electrical energy, the power module 600 converts it into current and voltage specifications suitable for the charge and discharge module 300, and provides electrical energy for the charge and discharge process of the lithium battery; finally, the charge and discharge module 300 charges or discharges the lithium battery. If it is found that the lithium battery is not in place during the detection, the power-on control unit 202 will control the switch module 700 to disconnect the power module 600 from the AC power supply.

[0096] In one possible implementation, see Figure 2 , the circuit status information includes: circuit temperature, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes:

[0097] The temperature detection module 800 is coupled to the electronic device and is used to detect the circuit temperature of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit and output the temperature detection result to the electronic device.

[0098] It should be noted that the temperature detection module 800 is used to monitor the temperature of the circuit in real time. Through a high-precision temperature sensor, the module can accurately obtain the current temperature value of the circuit. In addition, the temperature detection module 800 can transmit the detected temperature information to the electronic device so that the electronic device can perform further processing or response.

[0099] Exemplarily, when the electronic device determines that the temperature value obtained by the sampling module 400 exceeds the preset temperature threshold, it will output a power-off instruction to the control module 200, and the control module 200 will control the switch module 700 to cut off the connection between the power module 600 and the charging and discharging module 300. It should be noted that the preset temperature threshold is determined based on factors such as the design requirements of the circuit, the heat resistance of the materials used, and safety standards. Once the circuit temperature reaches or exceeds this threshold, it means that the circuit may be in an overheated state, and there is a safety risk such as damage or fire.

[0100] In some possible implementations, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes a cooling fan. The fan keeps running when the power is on. Even after the circuit temperature is too high and the power is cut off, the fan will continue to work until the temperature drops to a preset level and then automatically powers on.

[0101] In one possible implementation, see Figure 2 , the charge and discharge module 300 includes:

[0102] A charging unit 301, which is coupled to the control module 200 and is used to charge the lithium battery under the control of the control module 200;

[0103] The discharge unit 302 is coupled to the control module 200 and is used to discharge the lithium battery under the control of the control module 200 .

[0104] It should be noted that the main function of the charging unit 301 is to charge the lithium battery safely and effectively. The charging unit 301 is connected to the control module 200 and receives control signals from the control module 200, including instructions such as starting charging, stopping charging, and adjusting charging parameters. By communicating with the control module 200, the charging unit 301 can flexibly respond to different charging needs.

[0105] The main function of the discharge unit 302 is to control the lithium battery to release electrical energy outward. Similar to the charging unit 301, the discharge unit 302 is also connected to the control module 200 and receives discharge instructions from the control module 200, including starting discharge, stopping discharge, adjusting discharge power, etc.

[0106] In one possible implementation, see Figure 3 , the charging unit 301 includes:

[0107] A first control switch K1, wherein an input terminal of the first control switch K1 is coupled to a voltage output terminal, and a control terminal of the first control switch K1 is coupled to the control module 200;

[0108] An inductor L, one end of the inductor L is coupled to the output end of the first control switch K1, and the other end of the inductor L is coupled to the lithium battery;

[0109] A capacitor, one end of which is coupled to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of which is grounded;

[0110] The diode D has one end coupled to the output end of the first control switch K1 and the other end grounded.

[0111] The principle and working process of the charging unit 301 are introduced below. The charging unit 301 provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts a BUCK type DC step-down switching power supply mode, uses a single-chip microcomputer to generate a 47KHZ PWM pulse signal, and controls the first control switch K1 through IR2104, thereby controlling the entire BUCK (step-down conversion) circuit. When the first control switch K1 is turned on, the inductor L converts the current flowing through it into magnetic energy for energy storage, and the capacitor C converts part of the current flowing through the inductor L into charge storage; when the first control switch K1 is turned off, the inductor L generates a reverse electromotive force, which is transmitted to the load through the voltage output end and forms a loop with the freewheeling diode D, and the capacitor C converts the charge into current to supply power to the load. After continuously turning on and off the first control switch K1, VCC generates a pulsating voltage, and the pulsating voltage is converted into a more stable DC voltage through the LC filter circuit and transmitted to the load. The voltage value of the output voltage is proportional to the time when the first control switch K1 is turned on in one cycle. When external factors cause the output voltage or current to change, the output voltage and current are collected in real time by the 12-bit ADC of the microcontroller, and the duty cycle of the first control switch K1 is adjusted in real time, thereby forming a closed-loop voltage control circuit to achieve the purpose of constant current and constant voltage output.

[0112] In one possible implementation, see Figure 4 , the discharge unit 302 includes:

[0113] An operational amplifier OP, a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP is coupled to the control module 200;

[0114] A second control switch K2, wherein a control terminal of the second control switch K2 is coupled to an output terminal of the operational amplifier OP;

[0115] A load resistor RL, one end of the load resistor RL is coupled to the lithium battery, and the other end of the load resistor RL is coupled to the input end of the second control switch K2;

[0116] The sampling resistor R1 has one end coupled to the output end of the second control switch K2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier OP, and the other end grounded.

[0117] The principle and working process of the discharge unit 302 are introduced below. The discharge unit 302 is mainly composed of an operational amplifier OP and a second control switch K2, and is a constant current source circuit with adjustable current. The constant current source circuit designed with the operational amplifier OP introduces feedback. Compared with the triode constant current source, the operational amplifier OP constant current source has sufficient accuracy and adjustability. Utilizing the "virtual short" characteristic of the operational amplifier OP, the in-phase voltage Vin+ is equal to the inverted voltage Vin-. At the same time, the inverting input terminal of the circuit is also connected to the sampling resistor R1 and then grounded. When the voltage VIN is stable, the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is also VIN unchanged, so no matter how the external circuit changes, the current flowing through the sampling resistor R1 is unchanged; the current of the RL load is equal to the current of the sampling resistor R1, so even if the power supply of the RL load is a variable voltage power supply, the current of the RL load is also kept fixed and unchanged, achieving the effect of constant current; the output current can be controlled by controlling the Vin+ input using the DAC function of the microcontroller.

[0118] It should be noted that the discharge unit 302 further includes a resistor R2 , a resistor R3 , a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 .

[0119] In a possible implementation, the sampling module 400 includes:

[0120] A voltage sampling unit 401 , one end of which is coupled to the charge and discharge module 300 , and the other end of which is coupled to the control module 200 ;

[0121] The current sampling unit 402 has one end coupled to the charge and discharge module 300 , and the other end coupled to the control module 200 .

[0122] It should be noted that the main function of the sampling module 400 is to monitor the voltage and current during the charging and discharging process in real time or periodically so as to adjust the charging and discharging strategy according to these parameters to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the system. Specifically, the sampling module 400 includes a voltage sampling unit 401 and a current sampling unit 402.

[0123] The voltage sampling unit 401 is responsible for measuring the voltage of the charge and discharge module 300 and transmitting the collected voltage data to the control module 200 for processing and analysis. The current sampling unit 402 is responsible for measuring the current passing through the charge and discharge module 300 and transmitting the collected current data to the control module 200.

[0124] In one possible implementation, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the current sampling unit 402 includes:

[0125] The switching chip U1 includes a plurality of output interfaces. The input of the switching chip U1 is coupled to the charging and discharging module 300 to obtain the sampling current of the charging and discharging module 300 and switch different output interfaces according to the size of the sampling current.

[0126] The signal amplifier chip U2 has an input end coupled to the output interface of the switching chip U1 and an output end coupled to the control module 200 . The signal amplifier chip U2 is used to amplify the sampling current output by the switching chip U1 and output the amplified sampling current to the control module 200 .

[0127] It should be noted that the charge and discharge module 300 requires the maximum charge and discharge current to reach 3A, and the current sampling range is relatively large. In order to ensure the sampling accuracy, the current sampling unit 402 provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts a graded sampling method, that is, it is divided into 4 levels according to the current size: 0~250mA, 251~500mA, 501~1000mA and 1001~3000mA. The function of the switching chip U1 is switch switching, that is, according to the current gear range, the actual current is switched to different input pins of the signal amplifier chip U2, and then the signal amplifier chip U2 amplifies the sampled current in proportion and outputs it to the control module 200.

[0128] It should also be noted that the current sampling unit 402 also includes: capacitor C67, resistor R83, resistor R84, resistor R85, resistor R86, resistor R87, resistor R88, resistor R89, resistor R55, resistor R56, resistor R57, resistor R58, resistor R59, resistor R60, resistor R61, resistor R62, resistor R63, resistor R64, resistor R65, resistor R66, capacitor C54, capacitor C55, capacitor C56 and capacitor C57.

[0129] The embodiment of the present application also provides an intelligent charging and discharging system, including an electronic device and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit described above. The intelligent charging and discharging system provided by the present application can realize intelligent charging and discharging management of N lithium batteries, effectively improving the convenience of operation and charging and discharging efficiency.

[0130] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0132] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0133] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0134] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent charging and discharging circuit for a lithium battery, characterized in that: The intelligent charging and discharging circuit is used to charge and discharge N lithium batteries, where N is a positive integer of 1 or greater than 1, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit includes: A communication module, the communication module is coupled to an electronic device and is used to communicate with the electronic device; A control module, the control module is coupled to the communication module and is used to control the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery according to the control instructions received by the communication module; N charging and discharging modules, each of which is coupled to the control module, and each of which is used to charge and discharge a lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module; A sampling module is coupled to each of the charging and discharging modules and the control module. The sampling module is used to sample the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module, obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data, and output them to the control module.

2. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes N charge and discharge control units, each of which corresponds to the charge and discharge module on a one-to-one basis, and is used to control the charge and discharge process of the charge and discharge module corresponding thereto.

3. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes: A lithium battery in-place detection module is coupled to the control module and each of the charge and discharge modules, and is used to detect whether the lithium battery is connected to the charge and discharge module, and to feed back the detection result to the control module.

4. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a power-on control unit, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes: A power module, the power module is coupled to the charging and discharging module and is used to provide electric energy to the charging and discharging module; A switch module, wherein an output end of the switch module is coupled to the power module, an input end of the switch module is coupled to an AC power source, and the switch module is used to control the connection between the AC power source and the power module; A power-on control unit, wherein the input end of the power-on control unit is coupled to the lithium battery in-place detection module, and the output end is coupled to the control end of the switch module, and the power-on control unit is used to control the switch module according to the detection result of the lithium battery in-place detection module.

5. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circuit state information includes: circuit temperature, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit also includes: A temperature detection module is coupled to the electronic device and is used to detect the circuit temperature of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit and output the temperature detection result to the electronic device.

6. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging module comprises: A charging unit, coupled to the control module, for charging the lithium battery under the control of the control module; A discharge unit is coupled to the control module and is used to discharge the lithium battery under the control of the control module.

7. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging unit comprises: A first control switch, wherein an input terminal of the first control switch is coupled to a voltage output terminal, and a control terminal of the first control switch is coupled to the control module; an inductor, one end of which is coupled to the output end of the first control switch, and the other end of which is coupled to the lithium battery; A capacitor, one end of which is coupled to the other end of the inductor, and the other end of which is grounded; A diode, one end of the diode is coupled to the output end of the first control switch, and the other end of the diode is grounded.

8. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge unit comprises: An operational amplifier, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is coupled to the control module; a second control switch, wherein a control terminal of the second control switch is coupled to an output terminal of the operational amplifier; a load resistor, one end of which is coupled to the lithium battery, and the other end of which is coupled to the input end of the second control switch; A sampling resistor, one end of which is coupled to the output end of the second control switch and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of which is grounded.

9. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module comprises: A switching chip, wherein the switching chip comprises a plurality of output interfaces, an input of the switching chip is coupled to the charging and discharging module, and is used to obtain a sampling current of the charging and discharging module, and switch different output interfaces according to the size of the sampling current; A signal amplifier chip, wherein the input end of the signal amplifier chip is coupled to the output interface of the switching chip, and the output end is coupled to the control module. The signal amplifier chip is used to amplify the sampling current output by the switching chip and output the amplified sampling current to the control module.

10. An intelligent charging and discharging system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electronic device and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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