Application of furanone in preparation of feed additive and feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to application of furanone in preparation of a feed additive and feed, and the furanone is used for improving rumen fermentation and growth performance of ruminants and oxidation resistance of organisms. The growth performance comprises daily gain and feed conversion rate. The invention proves that the growth performance and rumen fermentation characteristics of the Hu sheep can be improved by adding furanone into the feed, and the antioxidant capacity of serum is improved, so that the goal of efficient and healthy breeding is achieved. Furanone is used for regulating and controlling Hu sheep rumen bacterial quorum sensing to improve the rumen fermentation and body oxidation resistance of Hu sheep, and the feed efficiency and health condition of ruminants are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to application of furanone in preparing feed additives. Background Art

[0002] Feed expenditure accounts for more than 60% of animal production costs, and feed efficiency is the core proposition of ruminant production efficiency. Improving feed efficiency can be done from three aspects: breed selection, nutritional regulation and environmental optimization. Among them, nutritional regulation is widely used because of its simple operation, short cycle and high cost performance. At present, the measures for nutritional regulation mainly include optimizing the types and composition ratios of feed raw materials and feed additives, among which feed additives are widely used. Feed additives are divided into nutritional additives and non-nutritional additives. The former focuses on the use of the additives themselves for digestion, absorption and utilization in the animal intestine, while the latter mainly promotes the utilization efficiency of nutrients in the feed.

[0003] Due to the presence of the rumen, ruminants have a significantly different digestion and metabolism of nutrients in the feed than other animals. A notable feature is the presence of ruminant microorganisms. Rumen microorganisms degrade and ferment the nutrients in the feed in the rumen to produce volatile fatty acids, microbial proteins and other substances required for the maintenance and production of ruminants. In general, the more of the above substances synthesized, the higher the efficiency of ruminant feed utilization. To a certain extent, the optimization of rumen fermentation parameters can improve the feed efficiency of ruminants. At present, the additives that improve rumen fermentation by regulating rumen microorganisms mainly include monensin, an antibiotic, Bacillus subtilis and active yeast powder, fumaric acid and plant extracts, which are probiotics. However, the above additives cannot have the purpose of improving the growth performance of ruminants and the antioxidant capacity of the body. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the use of furanone in the preparation of feed additives and feed.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides the use of furanone in the preparation of a feed additive, wherein the feed additive is used to improve rumen fermentation, growth performance and antioxidant capacity of ruminants.

[0006] The present invention first discovered that furanone can improve the growth performance and rumen fermentation characteristics of Hu sheep, and increase serum antioxidant capacity, thereby achieving the goal of efficient and healthy breeding. Furanone improves the rumen fermentation of Hu sheep through quorum sensing, does not affect the diversity and species richness of rumen microorganisms, and will not produce drug resistance after long-term use.

[0007] In another preferred embodiment, the growth performance includes daily weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio.

[0008] In another preferred embodiment, the ruminant is Hu sheep.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides a feed, comprising a basal diet and the feed additive according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, 0.5 g to 1.50 g of the furanone is added to every 1 kg of the basic diet.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the basic diet consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 to 50 parts of corn, 15 to 20 parts of soybean meal, 3 to 10 parts of wheat bran, 20 to 40 parts of wheat straw, 0.5 to 1.0 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25 to 0.75 parts of stone powder, and 0.25 to 0.75 parts of NaCl.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 14% to 16.5% crude protein, 25% to 35% neutral detergent fiber, 15% to 20% acid detergent fiber, 0.5% to 0.75% calcium, and 0.4% to 0.6% phosphorus.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the metabolizable energy of the basal diet is 10.5 MJ / kg to 11.9 MJ / kg.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention confirms that adding furanone to feed can improve the growth performance and rumen fermentation characteristics of Hu sheep, and improve the serum antioxidant capacity, thereby achieving the goal of efficient and healthy breeding. Furanone improves the rumen fermentation of ruminants by regulating the quorum sensing of Hu sheep rumen bacteria. Based on regulating the self-communication mechanism of microorganisms, it will not affect the diversity and species richness of rumen microorganisms, and will not produce drug resistance after long-term use.

[0016] 2. The present invention uses the quorum sensing mechanism of furanone to improve rumen fermentation and antioxidant capacity of ruminants, so as to improve the feed efficiency and health of ruminants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of the growth performance of Hu sheep fed with the comparative example 1 feed and the feed fed with the example 1 feed; wherein A is a comparison chart of the birth weight of Hu sheep; B is a comparison chart of the final weight of Hu sheep; C is a comparison chart of the weight gain of Hu sheep; D is a comparison chart of the daily weight gain of Hu sheep; E is a comparison chart of the feed intake of Hu sheep; and F is a comparison chart of the feed-to-weight ratio of Hu sheep.

[0018] Figure 2Statistical graphs showing the effects of feeding comparative example 1 feed and example 1 feed on rumen fermentation and rumen physicochemical indicators of Hu sheep; A is a statistical graph showing the pH value of the Hu sheep rumen; B is a statistical graph showing the MCP content of the Hu sheep rumen; C is a statistical graph showing the NH 3 -N content statistics; D is the bacterial density value statistics of Hu sheep rumen; E is the AI-2 content statistics of Hu sheep rumen; F is the biofilm OD of Hu sheep rumen 595nm Statistical chart.

[0019] Figure 3 Statistical graphs showing the effects of feeding the control example 1 feed and the example 1 feed on the serum antioxidant indexes of Hu sheep; wherein, A is a statistical graph showing the COR content in the rumen of Hu sheep; B is a statistical graph showing the T-AOC value in the rumen of Hu sheep; C is a statistical graph showing the GSH-Px activity in the rumen of Hu sheep; D is a statistical graph showing the SOD activity in the rumen of Hu sheep; E is a statistical graph showing the MDA content in the rumen of Hu sheep; F is a statistical graph showing the ROS value in the rumen of Hu sheep, and G is a statistical graph showing the OSI value in the rumen of Hu sheep.

[0020] Among them, microbial protein is abbreviated as MCP; ammonia nitrogen is abbreviated as NH 3 -N; the English abbreviation of cortisol is COR; the English abbreviation of total antioxidant capacity is T-AOC; the English abbreviation of glutathione peroxidase is GSH-Px; the English abbreviation of superoxide dismutase is SOD; the English abbreviation of malondialdehyde is MDA; the English abbreviation of reactive oxygen species is ROS; the English abbreviation of oxidative stress index is OSI. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the specific implementation of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

[0023] Quorum sensing is a communication mechanism in which bacteria use signal molecules to communicate within and between species. With the help of this communication mechanism, microorganisms can achieve physiological functions and behavioral regulation in the form of a group that cannot be completed by individual microorganisms, such as the formation of biofilms and bioluminescence. Rumen microorganisms have high bacterial diversity and rich species content. Regulating rumen bacteria can improve rumen fermentation and body health of ruminants, thereby improving the efficiency of feed utilization. It is currently known that biofilms will form during the degradation of feed in the rumen, and quorum sensing can regulate the formation of biofilms. However, there is currently no case of using quorum sensing theory to improve rumen fermentation and body antioxidants, and there are no substances based on quorum sensing to improve feed efficiency.

[0024] The raw material of the stone powder in the following embodiments is limestone.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0027] The added amount of furanone is: 0.5g furanone is added to every 1kg of basic diet.

[0028] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 29 parts of wheat straw, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25 parts of stone powder, and 0.25 parts of NaCl.

[0029] Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 16.34% crude protein, 33.04% neutral detergent fiber, 18.11% acid detergent fiber, 0.50% calcium, and 0.46% phosphorus.

[0030] The metabolizable energy of the basal diet is 11.41 MJ / kg.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0033] The added amount of furanone is: 0.5g furanone is added to every 1kg of basic diet.

[0034] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 42 parts of corn, 19 parts of soybean meal, 9 parts of wheat bran, 28.5 parts of wheat straw, 0.6 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.45 parts of stone powder, and 0.45 parts of NaCl.

[0035] Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 15.85% crude protein, 32.27% neutral detergent fiber, 17.73% acid detergent fiber, 0.53% calcium, and 0.46% phosphorus.

[0036] The metabolizable energy of the basal diet was 11.39 MJ / kg.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0039] The added amount of furanone is: 1.0 g of furanone is added to every 1 kg of basic diet.

[0040] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 45.04 parts of corn, 18.72 parts of soybean meal, 4.49 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of wheat straw, 0.75 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts of stone powder, and 0.5 parts of NaCl.

[0041] Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 15.24% crude protein, 31.76% neutral detergent fiber, 17.97% acid detergent fiber, 0.60% calcium, and 0.45% phosphorus.

[0042] The metabolizable energy of the basal diet is 11.29 MJ / kg.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0045] The added amount of furanone is: 1.5g furanone is added to every 1kg of basic diet.

[0046] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 48 parts of corn, 19 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of wheat straw, 0.7 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.65 parts of stone powder, and 0.65 parts of NaCl.

[0047] Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 15.73% crude protein, 29.07% neutral detergent fiber, 15.99% acid detergent fiber, 0.61% calcium, and 0.46% phosphorus.

[0048] The metabolizable energy of the basal diet is 11.63 MJ / kg.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0051] The added amount of furanone is: 1.5g furanone is added to every 1kg of basic diet.

[0052] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 50 parts of corn, 17.5 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of wheat straw, 1 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.75 parts of stone powder, and 0.75 parts of NaCl.

[0053] Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 15.70% crude protein, 26.91% neutral detergent fiber, 14.04% acid detergent fiber, 0.70% calcium, and 0.55% phosphorus.

[0054] The metabolizable energy of the basal diet is 11.88 MJ / kg.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] A feed, wherein the basic daily diet is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 45.04 parts of corn, 18.72 parts of soybean meal, 3.49 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of wheat straw, 0.75 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts of stone powder, and 0.5 parts of NaCl.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0059] The added amount of furanone is: 0.4 g of furanone is added to every 1 kg of basic diet.

[0060] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 45.04 parts of corn, 18.72 parts of soybean meal, 4.49 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of wheat straw, 0.75 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts of stone powder, and 0.5 parts of NaCl.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] A feed comprising a basic diet and the feed additive.

[0063] The added amount of furanone is: 1.6g of furanone is added to every 1kg of basic diet.

[0064] The basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass: 45.04 parts of corn, 18.72 parts of soybean meal, 4.49 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of wheat straw, 0.75 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts of stone powder, and 0.5 parts of NaCl.

[0065] In order to further illustrate the effect of furanone, the following experiment was conducted.

[0066] The selected Hu sheep were 66.75±2.11 days old, weighed 19.97±0.41 kg, and fed with 1064.70±33.76 g / d of feed. The Hu sheep were fed with feeds of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 for one month, and the growth performance, rumen fermentation, physical and chemical indices, and serum antioxidant indices were statistically analyzed.

[0067] 1. Growth performance

[0068] Although the addition of furanone to the diet did not significantly increase the daily weight gain and feed conversion rate of Hu sheep, it improved them by 11.11% and 7.56% respectively, which has a great promoting effect on production, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 shown.

[0069] Table 1 Effects of different embodiments and comparative examples on the growth performance of Hu sheep

[0070]

[0071] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the Hu sheep fed with the feeds of Examples 1 to 5, the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1, i.e., the Hu sheep only fed with the basic diet without the addition of furanone, had lower weight gain, daily weight gain, and feed intake, and a higher feed weight ratio, indicating that adding furanone to the feed can effectively increase the weight gain, daily weight gain, and feed intake of the Hu sheep, and reduce the feed-to-weight ratio.

[0072] Compared with the Hu sheep fed with the feeds of Examples 1 to 5, the weight gain, daily weight gain, and feed intake of the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 2 were slightly lower, and the feed-to-weight ratio was slightly higher, indicating that the amount of furanone added must reach a certain amount to produce a better effect.

[0073] Compared with the Hu sheep fed with the feeds of Examples 1 to 5, the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 3 had lower weight gain and daily weight gain, slightly lower feed intake, and a much higher feed-to-weight ratio, indicating that the amount of furanone added must be within a certain range, and adding too much will produce bad effects.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the growth performance of Hu sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1 and the feed of Example 1. Figure 1 It can be seen that the daily weight gain of the Hu sheep fed with the feed in Example 1 increased by 11.11% compared with the daily weight gain of the Hu sheep fed with the feed in Comparative Example 1, and the feed-to-weight ratio of the Hu sheep fed with the feed in Example 1 increased by 7.56% compared with the feed-to-weight ratio of the Hu sheep fed with the feed in Comparative Example 1, indicating that feeding the feed in Example 1 has a great promoting effect on the production of Hu sheep.

[0075] 2. Rumen fermentation and physical and chemical indicators

[0076] Table 2 Effects of different embodiments and comparative examples on rumen fermentation and rumen physicochemical indicators of Hu sheep

[0077]

[0078] Figure 2 The statistical diagram of the effects of feeding the comparative example 1 feed and the example 1 feed on the rumen fermentation and rumen physicochemical indicators of Hu sheep is shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 It can be seen that the rumen pH value of the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Example 1 increased by 2.21% compared with the rumen pH value of the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1. 3 -N content compared with the rumen NH of Hu sheep fed with the feed of comparative example 1 3 -N content decreased by 20.60%, indicating that the addition of furanone to the feed in Example 1 improved the nitrogen utilization rate of the Hu sheep, and more ammonia nitrogen was converted into MCP to provide nutrition for the animals.

[0079] In addition, compared with the feed of comparative example 1, the content of signal molecule AI-2 in the rumen of Hu sheep fed with the feed of example 1 increased by 2.21%, and the OD of biofilm in the rumen of Hu sheep fed with the feed of example 1 increased by 2.21%. 595nm The biofilm OD in the rumen of Hu sheep fed with the control example 1 was 595nm The value increased by 31.07%. This indicates that the furanone added to the feed in Example 1 can improve the rumen fermentation of Hu sheep by regulating the rumen bacterial quorum sensing of Hu sheep.

[0080] 3. Serum antioxidant index

[0081] Table 3 Effects of different embodiments and comparative examples on serum antioxidant indexes of Hu sheep

[0082]

[0083] From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that compared with the Hu sheep fed with the feeds of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the cortisol content, malondialdehyde content, reactive oxygen content and oxidative stress index of the Hu sheep fed with the feeds of Examples 1 to 5 were all reduced, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were all increased, indicating that the addition of furanone to the feed can reduce the cortisol content in Hu sheep, improve the total antioxidant capacity, increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and reduce the activity of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen, ultimately achieving the effect of significantly reducing the oxidative stress index.

[0084] Figure 3 The statistical diagram of the effect of feeding the comparative example 1 feed and the example 1 feed on the serum antioxidant index of Hu sheep is shown in Figure 1. Figure 3It can be seen that the cortisol content of the lake sheep fed with the feed of Example 1 was reduced by 9% compared with the cortisol content of the lake sheep fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1, the total antioxidant capacity was increased by 6.2%, the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were increased, and the activities of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen were reduced, thereby ultimately achieving the effect of significantly reducing the oxidative stress index.

[0085] The above research results show that adding furanone to the feed can enhance the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep, improve rumen fermentation characteristics, and ultimately achieve improved growth performance.

[0086] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0087] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The use of furanone in the preparation of feed additives, characterized in that: The feed additive is used for improving rumen fermentation, growth performance and body antioxidant capacity of ruminants.

2. The use of furanone according to claim 1 in preparing a feed additive, characterized in that: The growth performance includes daily gain and feed-to-weight ratio.

3. The use of furanone according to claim 1 in preparing a feed additive, characterized in that: The ruminant is Hu sheep.

4. A feed, characterized in that: The feed comprises a basic diet and the feed additive according to claim 1.

5. A feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: 0.5 g to 1.50 g of the furanone is added per 1 kg of the basic diet.

6. A feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The basic daily diet consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 to 50 parts of corn, 15 to 20 parts of soybean meal, 3 to 10 parts of wheat bran, 20 to 40 parts of wheat straw, 0.5 to 1.0 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25 to 0.75 parts of stone powder, and 0.25 to 0.75 parts of NaCl.

7. A feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the basic diet contains: 14% to 16.5% crude protein, 25% to 35% neutral detergent fiber, 15% to 20% acid detergent fiber, 0.5% to 0.75% calcium, and 0.4% to 0.6% phosphorus.

8. A feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metabolizable energy of the basic diet is 10.5MJ / kg to 11.9MJ / kg.

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