Multi-stage crushing equipment for waste circuit boards and treatment method of multi-stage crushing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses waste circuit board multi-stage crushing equipment and a treatment method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of circuit board crushing. The waste circuit board multi-stage crushing equipment comprises a bottom plate, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom plate, first fixing seats are arranged on the two sides of the discharging hole, the first fixing seats are installed on the bottom plate, and meanwhile a plurality of positioning blocks are installed on the first fixing seats; the positioning block is used for positioning the waste circuit board; a second fixing base is installed on the bottom plate, a through hole is formed in the second fixing base, a movable shaft penetrates through the through hole and is elastically connected with the second fixing base, a hinge rod is installed on the second fixing base in a hinged mode through a hinge shaft, meanwhile, the hinge rod is elastically connected with the second fixing base, a protruding part is arranged on the hinge rod, and after the movable shaft is pressed, the movable shaft can jack up the protruding part, and the movable shaft can move to the second fixing base. Therefore, the hinge rod is jacked up. By means of the device, a worker can complete classified recycling of electronic elements and primary crushing of waste circuit boards, the steps of transferring and the like are not needed in the midway, the structure is simple, and the steps of primary crushing and classification are simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of circuit board crushing, and in particular relates to a multi-stage crushing device for waste circuit boards and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Today's era is changing with each passing day, especially in the electronic products industry. Computer hardware motherboards, circuit boards, monitors, mobile phone motherboards, CPUs, etc. are all replaced at a very fast speed. At the same time, electronic waste is also growing rapidly, and waste circuit boards are a major part of it. The current recycling of waste circuit boards generally requires them to be crushed first, because waste circuit boards also include some recyclable metals and other materials, and throwing them away directly is not conducive to saving energy.

[0003] Before the waste circuit boards are shredded, the factory will first remove the electronic components from them and process them separately, or continue to use them, or classify them for recycling, and then shred the waste circuit boards. However, the completion of the above operation requires the coordinated processing of multiple devices and is divided into multiple steps to be completed in sequence, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage shredding device for waste circuit boards and a treatment method thereof.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-stage crushing device for waste circuit boards comprises a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is provided with a feeding hole, a fixing seat 1 is provided on both sides of the feeding hole, and the fixing seat 1 is installed on the bottom plate, and a plurality of positioning blocks are installed on the fixing seat 1, and the positioning blocks are used to position the waste circuit boards; a fixing seat 2 is installed on the bottom plate, a through hole is provided on the fixing seat 2, a movable shaft passes through the through hole, and the movable shaft is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2, a hinged rod is hingedly installed on the fixing seat 2 through the hinged shaft, and the hinged rod is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2, and a protrusion is provided on the hinged rod, and when the movable shaft is pressed, the movable shaft will push up the protrusion, thereby pushing up the hinged rod.

[0006] Specifically, the hinged rod is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2 through the spring fixing seat and the spring 1.

[0007] Specifically, the pressure F of crushing waste circuit boards 2 >Pressure F of the hinged rod>Tension F of the electronic component removal 1 .

[0008] Specifically, F=(Mm+Mk) / (cosγ×La), Mm is the moment of the weight of the hinged rod, Mk is the moment of spring one, γ is the angle between the end of the hinged rod pressing the waste circuit board and the hinge axis, and La is the distance between the end of the hinged rod pressing the waste circuit board and the hinge axis.

[0009] Specifically, Mm=(M×g×cosα)×Lg, M is the weight of the articulated rod, g is the acceleration of gravity, α is the angle between the articulated axis and the center of gravity of the articulated rod, and Lg is the distance between the articulated axis and the center of gravity of the articulated rod.

[0010] Specifically, Mk=(k×(LK 2 -LK 0 )+F 3 )×sinβ×LK 1 ×n, k is the spring constant of spring 1, LK 2 LK is the distance between the spring fixing seat of the second fixing seat and the spring fixing seat of the hinge rod, 0 is the natural length of spring 1, F 3 is the initial tension of spring 1, β is the angle between the spring fixing seat of fixing seat 2, the spring fixing seat of the hinge rod and the hinge axis, LK 1 is the distance between the hinge axis and the spring fixing seat of the hinge rod, and n is the number of springs.

[0011] Specifically, a shaft seat is provided at one end of the movable shaft, and a retaining ring is movably provided on the movable shaft, the retaining ring is elastically connected to the shaft seat through a second spring, and a conical step is provided at the other end of the movable shaft.

[0012] Specifically, the shaft seat end of the moving shaft contacts the cylinder.

[0013] Specifically, it also includes a handle, which is installed on the hinged rod.

[0014] Based on the above device, the present invention also proposes a processing method using the above waste circuit board multi-stage crushing equipment, comprising the following steps: S1, the waste circuit boards are subjected to electronic component removal and initial crushing to form circuit board substrates and frame materials; S2, the waste circuit boards are subjected to first-stage rough crushing and second-stage rough crushing; S3, after rough crushing, the material passes through the magnetic separator on the conveyor to separate the iron in the material; S4, enters the third stage crusher to become a powdered mixture of metal and resin fiber powder; S5, separates metals from resins through airflow separators and electrostatic separation to obtain renewable products; S6, after the airflow separator process, a pulse bag dust collector was used to absorb the excess resin powder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The staff can complete the classified recycling of electronic components and the initial crushing of waste circuit boards only by using the device, without the need for transfer and other steps in the middle. The structure is simple and the steps of initial crushing and classification are simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a flow chart of the processing method of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the moving axis in the present invention; The markings in the figure are: 1. bottom plate; 2. waste circuit board; 3. fixing seat 1; 4. feeding hole; 5. positioning block; 6. cylinder; 7. fixing seat 2; 8. hinged rod; 9. hinged shaft; 10. movable shaft; 11. handle; 12. spring fixing seat; 13. spring 1; 14. spring 2; 15. raised part; 16. through hole; 17. shaft seat; 18. retaining ring; 19. conical step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage crushing device for waste circuit boards, including a bottom plate 1, a feeding hole 4 is provided on the bottom plate 1, and a fixing seat 3 is provided on both sides of the feeding hole 4, and the fixing seat 3 is installed on the bottom plate 1, and a plurality of positioning blocks 5 are installed on the fixing seat 3, and the positioning blocks 5 are used to position the waste circuit board 2; a fixing seat 2 7 is installed on the bottom plate 1, and a through hole 16 is provided on the fixing seat 2 7, and a moving shaft 10 passes through the through hole 16, and the moving shaft 10 is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2 7, and a hinged rod 8 is hingedly installed on the fixing seat 2 7 through a hinged shaft 9, and the hinged rod 8 is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2 7, and a protrusion 15 is provided on the hinged rod 8, and when the moving shaft 10 is pressed, the moving shaft 10 will push up the protrusion 15, thereby pushing up the hinged rod 8, so as to facilitate the re-insertion of new waste circuit boards 2.

[0018] Before the waste circuit boards are crushed, the factory will first remove the electronic components on them and process them separately, or continue to use them, or classify and recycle them, and then crush the waste circuit boards. The completion of the above operation requires the cooperation of multiple devices and is divided into multiple steps to be completed in sequence, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources; the design of this device can complete all the above steps with only a few structures, and the structure is simple and easy to promote and use.

[0019] The waste circuit board 2 is placed on the positioning block 5, and the articulated rod 8 presses the waste circuit board 2. Then the robot removes the electronic components on the waste circuit board 2, and then the waste circuit board 2 is crushed by the pneumatic component. The waste circuit board 2 falls from the discharge hole 4 into the crusher for subsequent multi-stage crushing processing.

[0020] Specifically, the hinge rod 8 is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2 7 through the spring fixing seat 12 and the spring 13 .

[0021] Therefore, in order for the above device to work properly, the pressure F of the hinged rod 8 must meet the following two conditions: A. The pressure F of the hinged rod 8> the pulling force when the electronic component is removed, that is, the pulling force F when the robot takes the electronic component 1 ; B. The pressure F of the hinged rod 8 < the pressure of crushing the waste circuit board 2, that is, the pressure F of the air pressure member pressing down 2 .

[0022] Because the pressure of the hinged rod 8 must be greater than the pulling force when the robot takes the electronic component, it can be ensured that the waste circuit board will not fall off the positioning block 5 when the robot takes the electronic component; and the pressure of the hinged rod 8 must be less than the pressure of the gas pressure part pressing down, that is, when the gas pressure part presses down, the hinged rod 8 will be lifted up under the pressure of the gas pressure part, so as not to prevent the broken circuit board from falling off the positioning block 5, so the broken circuit board will fall from the discharge hole 4 under the action of inertia.

[0023] Wherein, pressure F=(Mm+Mk) / (cosγ×La), Mm is the moment of the weight of the hinged rod 8, Mk is the moment of the spring 13, γ is the angle between the end of the hinged rod 8 pressing the waste circuit board 2 and the hinge shaft 9, and La is the distance between the end of the hinged rod 8 pressing the waste circuit board 2 and the hinge shaft 9; the pressure F can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the hinged rod 8 relative to the hinge shaft 9 or the weight of the hinged rod 8, so as to ensure that the pressure F meets the above pressure range.

[0024] Where Mm=(M×g×cosα)×Lg, M is the weight of the hinged rod 8, g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 9.8m / s 2 , α is the angle between the articulated axis 9 and the center of gravity of the articulated rod 8, and Lg is the distance between the articulated axis 9 and the center of gravity of the articulated rod 8; Where Mk = (k × (LK 2 -LK 0 )+F 3 )×sinβ×LK 1 ×n, k is the spring coefficient of spring 13, LK 2 is the distance between the spring fixing seat 12 of the fixing seat 2 7 and the spring fixing seat 12 of the hinge rod 8, LK 0 is the natural length of spring 13, F 3is the initial tension of the spring 13, β is the angle between the spring fixing seat 12 of the fixing seat 2 7, the spring fixing seat 12 of the hinge rod 8 and the hinge shaft 9, LK 1 is the distance between the hinge axis 9 and the spring fixing seat 12 of the hinge rod 8, and n is the number of springs 13.

[0025] When the above conditions are met, the staff can complete the classification and recycling of electronic components and the initial crushing of waste circuit boards only by using this device, without the need for transfer and other steps in the middle. The structure is simple and the steps of initial crushing and classification are simplified.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figure 3-4 A shaft seat 17 is provided at one end of the movable shaft 10, and a retaining ring 18 is movably provided on the movable shaft 10. The retaining ring 18 is elastically connected to the shaft seat 17 through a spring 14, and a conical step 19 is provided at the other end of the movable shaft 10; in the initial state, the conical step 19 is in the through hole 16, and the retaining ring 18 is against the fixed seat 7. When the movable shaft 10 is pressed, the conical step 19 begins to contact the raised portion 15, and then lifts the raised portion 15. At this time, the staff can place another waste circuit board on the fixed seat 3.

[0027] Further, the shaft seat 17 end of the movable shaft 10 contacts the cylinder 6. When the cylinder 6 is turned on, the cylinder 6 pushes the movable shaft 10 forward, and when the cylinder 6 is retracted, the movable shaft 10 can be restored to its original state under the spring force of the spring 2 14.

[0028] Embodiment 2 like Figure 3 As shown, the waste circuit board multi-stage shredding equipment disclosed in the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment except that the cylinder 6 is different, and the other devices and their installation positions and use methods are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0029] The present embodiment utilizes a handle 11 to replace the cylinder 6, and the handle 11 is mounted on the hinged rod 8. When in use, the hinged rod 8 can be separated from the fixing seat 1 3 by manually lifting the handle 11, so that another waste circuit board 2 can be easily placed.

[0030] Embodiment 3 like Figure 1 As shown, this third embodiment also discloses a method for processing waste circuit boards using a multi-stage crushing device.

[0031] The processing method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The electronic components of the waste circuit boards are removed and initially crushed to form circuit board substrates and frame materials; Step 2: The waste circuit boards are crushed into the first and second levels to be roughly crushed, and the materials are crushed into about 1CM in size; Step 3: After coarse crushing, the material passes through a magnetic separator on a conveyor to separate the iron in the material; Step 4: Enter the third stage crusher to make it into a powdery mixture of metal and resin fiber powder; Step 5, separating the metal from the resin through an airflow separator and electrostatic separation to obtain a renewable product; Step 5: After the airflow separator process, pulse bag dust removal was performed to absorb excess resin powder.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage crushing device for waste circuit boards, characterized in that: It includes a bottom plate, which is provided with a feeding hole, and a fixing seat 1 is provided on both sides of the feeding hole, and the fixing seat 1 is installed on the bottom plate, and a plurality of positioning blocks are installed on the fixing seat 1, and the positioning blocks are used to position the waste circuit board; a fixing seat 2 is installed on the bottom plate, and a through hole is provided on the fixing seat 2, and a movable shaft passes through the through hole, and the movable shaft is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2, and a hinged rod is hingedly installed on the fixing seat 2 through a hinged shaft, and the hinged rod is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2, and a protrusion is provided on the hinged rod, and when the movable shaft is pressed, the movable shaft will push up the protrusion, thereby pushing up the hinged rod.

2. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hinged rod is elastically connected to the fixing seat 2 through the spring fixing seat and the spring 1.

3. The multi-stage crushing equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pressure F2 for crushing the waste circuit board> the pressure F of the hinged rod> the pulling force F1 for removing the electronic components.

4. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 3 is characterized in that: F=(Mm+Mk) / (cosγ×La), Mm is the moment of the weight of the hinged rod, Mk is the moment of spring one, γ is the angle between the end of the hinged rod pressing the waste circuit board and the hinge axis, La is the distance between the end of the hinged rod pressing the waste circuit board and the hinge axis.

5. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Mm=(M×g×cosα)×Lg, M is the weight of the articulated rod, g is the acceleration of gravity, α is the angle between the articulated axis and the center of gravity of the articulated rod, and Lg is the distance between the articulated axis and the center of gravity of the articulated rod.

6. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Mk=(k×(LK2-LK0)+F3)×sinβ×LK1×n, k is the spring coefficient of spring one, LK2 is the distance between the spring fixing seat of fixing seat two and the spring fixing seat of the hinged rod, LK0 is the natural length of spring one, F3 is the initial tension of spring one, β is the angle between the spring fixing seat of fixing seat two, the spring fixing seat of the hinged rod and the hinge axis, LK1 is the distance between the hinge axis and the spring fixing seat of the hinged rod, and n is the number of spring one.

7. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the moving shaft is provided with a shaft seat, and a retaining ring is movably provided on the moving shaft, the retaining ring is elastically connected with the shaft seat through a second spring, and the other end of the moving shaft is provided with a conical step.

8. The multi-stage shredding equipment for waste circuit boards according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seat end of the moving shaft contacts the cylinder.

9. A waste circuit board multi-stage shredding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Also included is a handle mounted on the hinged rod.

10. A method for treating waste circuit boards using the multi-stage shredding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the waste circuit boards are subjected to electronic component removal and initial crushing to form circuit board substrates and frame materials; S2, the waste circuit boards are subjected to first-stage rough crushing and second-stage rough crushing; S3, after rough crushing, the material passes through the magnetic separator on the conveyor to separate the iron in the material; S4, enters the third stage crusher to become a powdered mixture of metal and resin fiber powder; S5, separates metals from resins through airflow separators and electrostatic separation to obtain renewable products; S6, after the airflow separator process, a pulse bag dust collector was used to absorb the excess resin powder.

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