A workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe

Abstract

A workpiece processing method based on a Swiss-type lathe, the workpiece is a fishing gear accessory, including a head, an eccentric cylinder, and an eccentric curved surface connecting the head and the eccentric cylinder, the processing method includes a profile turning step, an eccentric curved surface milling step and an eccentric cylinder processing step, wherein the eccentric cylinder processing step includes: positioning a cutter disc connected to a C2 axis so that the air-avoiding hole of the cutter disc surrounds the head, the cutter disc is concentric with the eccentric cylinder, and the tip of the cutter disc is aligned with the connection between the eccentric cylinder and the eccentric curved surface; the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to rotate; the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed a first specified length in the rotating cutter disc. The method of the present invention realizes the processing of the eccentric cylinder on the fishing gear accessory by the rotation of the C2 axis and the feeding of the Z1 axis, the processing efficiency is improved compared with the existing milling processing, and the control program is simplified compared with the existing milling processing program.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Swiss-type machining, in particular to a method for machining a fishing gear accessory based on a Swiss-type machining center. The fishing gear accessory comprises a head, an eccentric cylinder, and an eccentric curved surface connecting the head and the eccentric cylinder. Background Art

[0002] Swiss CNC lathe is the full name of Swiss CNC lathe, which is a precision processing equipment, especially suitable for processing slender shaft workpieces. Figure 1 Some existing Swiss-type lathes 100 are composed of a spindle mechanism 110, a tool holder mechanism 120 and a back spindle mechanism 130, wherein the spindle mechanism 110 includes a C1 axis and a Z1 axis, the tool holder mechanism 120 includes a guide sleeve 121, an X1 axis and a Y1 axis, and the back spindle mechanism (referred to as back spindle) 130 includes a C2 axis, an X2 axis and a Z2 axis. During operation, the bar is horizontally clamped in the spindle mechanism 110, the Z1 axis pushes the bar to feed through the guide sleeve 121 on the tool holder mechanism 120, the X1 axis and the Y1 axis drive the tool to process the bar from the guide sleeve 121, the C1 axis can be used to drive the bar to rotate or not rotate, and the workpiece is processed by the linkage of the spindle mechanism 110 and the tool holder mechanism 120. The back spindle mechanism 130 can be selected to clamp another tool and link with the spindle mechanism 110 to realize workpiece processing, wherein the C2 axis drives the tool to rotate, and the X2 axis and the Z2 axis drive the tool to move. Some Swiss-type lathes also have a back spindle mechanism that includes a Y2 axis.

[0003] At present, when machining the eccentric cylinder of the above-mentioned fishing gear accessories by a Swiss-type lathe, the linkage milling of the tool holder mechanism 120 and the spindle mechanism 110 is mainly used. In the process of milling the eccentric cylinder, the coordinates of the X1 axis, Y1 axis, Z1 axis and C1 axis need to be continuously changed. The movement of the axis is complicated, the machining efficiency is low, and the programming of the control program is complicated.

[0004] Based on this, this application is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a workpiece processing method based on a Swiss-type lathe, and to improve the efficiency of the Swiss-type lathe in processing an eccentric cylinder on a fishing gear accessory through the design of processing steps.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A workpiece processing method based on a Swiss-type lathe, wherein the workpiece is a fishing gear accessory, comprising a head, an eccentric cylinder, and an eccentric curved surface connecting the head and the eccentric cylinder, the processing method comprising a shape turning step, an eccentric curved surface milling step and an eccentric cylinder processing step, wherein the eccentric cylinder processing step comprises: positioning a cutter disc connected to a C2 axis so that the air avoidance hole of the cutter disc surrounds the head, the cutter disc is concentric with the eccentric cylinder, and the tool tip of the cutter disc is aligned with the connecting portion between the eccentric cylinder and the eccentric curved surface; the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to rotate; the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed a first specified length in the rotating cutter disc; the first specified length is greater than or equal to the length of the eccentric cylinder.

[0008] In some embodiments, before the step of positioning the tool disc connected to the C2 axis, the step of positioning the workpiece is further included.

[0009] In some embodiments, the step of positioning the workpiece includes: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece into a first state; and the C1 axis drives the workpiece into a second state; wherein, in the first state, the head and the eccentric surface are exposed from the side of the guide sleeve opposite to the C2 axis; in the second state, the eccentric direction of the eccentric cylinder is parallel to the X2 axis.

[0010] In some embodiments, the step of positioning the cutter disc connected to the C2 axis includes: the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a third state; the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a fourth state; the Z2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a fifth state; and the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a sixth state; wherein, in the third state, the air avoidance groove on the cutter disc is parallel to the X2 axis, in the fourth state, the cutter disc and the head are separated by a specified distance in the X2 axis direction, in the fifth state, the tip of the cutter disc is flush with the connection part between the eccentric cylinder and the eccentric curved surface, and in the sixth state, the cutter disc is concentric with the eccentric cylinder.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step in which the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the third state is before the step in which the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the sixth state, the step in which the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the fourth state and the step in which the Z2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the fifth state are after the step in which the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the third state and before the step in which the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter the sixth state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the contour turning step includes: the X1 axis positions the turning tool on the upper side of the guide sleeve; the C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate; and the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to be fed from the guide sleeve by a second specified length.

[0013] In some embodiments, the eccentric cylinder has a length of 160 mm and a diameter of 3 mm, and the diameter of the head is greater than 10 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tool disc includes a disc body, a first turning tool, and a second turning tool having a processing accuracy greater than that of the first turning tool. The disc body is provided with a connecting hole for connecting to the C2 axis of the Swiss machine. The first turning tool and the second turning tool are respectively arranged on the disc body perpendicular to the axis of the connecting hole. The first turning tool and the second turning tool are staggered in the extension direction of the axis, and the second turning tool is closer to the connecting hole than the first turning tool. The disc body is provided with avoidance holes communicating with the connecting holes corresponding to the first turning tool and the second turning tool, and the disc body is provided with avoidance grooves extending radially and communicating with the avoidance holes.

[0015] In some embodiments, the disk body is provided with a first connecting groove, a second connecting groove, a first screw hole passing through the side of the first connecting groove, and a second screw hole passing through the side of the second connecting groove, the first turning tool is installed in the first connecting groove, the second turning tool is installed in the second connecting groove, and the first screw hole and the second screw hole are respectively installed with locking screws.

[0016] In some embodiments, a fourth screw hole is provided at the bottom of the disk body corresponding to the first connecting groove and opposite to the notch portion of the first connecting groove, and an adjusting screw is installed in the fourth screw hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The method of the present invention realizes the processing of the eccentric cylinder on the fishing gear accessories by the rotation of the C2 axis and the feeding of the Z1 axis, the processing efficiency is improved compared with the existing milling processing, and the control program is simplified compared with the existing milling processing program. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Swiss-type lathe;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter disc;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection hole;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a fishing gear accessory;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a workpiece during machining;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the workpiece during machining;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the processing method of fishing gear accessories;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection slots and screws on the disc body;

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 100, Swiss lathe; 110, spindle mechanism; 120, tool holder mechanism; 121, guide sleeve; 130, back spindle mechanism; 200, tool disc; 201, disc body; 202, first turning tool; 203, air avoidance hole; 2031, air avoidance groove; 204, axis; 205, second turning tool; 206, connecting hole; 207, thread; 208, third screw hole; 209, second screw hole; 210, first screw hole; 211, first connecting groove; 212, fourth screw hole; 213, second connecting groove; 300, fishing gear accessories; 301, head; 302, eccentric curved surface; 303, eccentric cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial...), then the directional indication is only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0031] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first" or "second" etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first" or "second" etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3The eccentric machining tool disc 200 of the Swiss machine includes a disc body 201, a first turning tool 202, and a second turning tool 205. The disc body 201 is provided with a connecting shaft C2 of the Swiss machine (see Figure 1 ), the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are respectively arranged on the disk body 201 perpendicular to the axis 204 of the connecting hole 206, and the disk body 201 is provided with an avoidance hole 203 communicating with the connecting hole 206 corresponding to the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205. The disk body 201 is also provided with an avoidance groove 2031 extending radially and communicating with the avoidance hole 203.

[0033] The machining accuracy of the second turning tool 205 is greater than that of the first turning tool 202. The first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are staggered in the extending direction of the axis 204 of the connecting hole 206, and the second turning tool 205 is closer to the connecting hole 206 than the first turning tool 202.

[0034] The cutter head 200 can be connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type lathe, and the slender eccentric cylinder on the workpiece can be processed by rotating the C2 axis and feeding the Z1 axis. In addition, the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 constitute a rough turning tool and a fine turning tool, which can act on the workpiece at the same time, and perform rough cutting and fine cutting synchronously, so that the processing efficiency is further improved.

[0035] Figure 4 A fishing gear accessory (i.e., workpiece) 300 is shown. The fishing gear accessory 300 specifically includes a head 301 and an eccentric cylinder 303. The head 301 and the eccentric cylinder 303 are transitioned by an eccentric curved surface 302. The eccentric cylinder 303 has a length of 160 mm and a diameter of 3 mm. The total length of the head 301 and the eccentric curved surface 302 (referring to the length of the fishing gear accessory excluding the eccentric cylinder 303) is 26 mm, and the maximum diameter is 13.63 mm.

[0036] by Figure 1 Take the Swiss lathe 100 as an example. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Take the blade 200 as an example to explain Figure 4 Processing method of fishing gear accessory 300. The cutter disc 200 is connected to the C2 axis through the connecting hole 206. The cutter disc 200 and the C2 axis are coaxial. Specifically, the inner wall of the connecting hole 206 is provided with a thread 207. The side of the disc body 201 corresponding to the connecting hole 206 is provided with a plurality of third screw holes 208. The C2 axis extends into the connecting hole 206. The thread on the outer wall of the C2 axis cooperates with the thread 207 on the inner wall of the connecting hole 206 to connect the cutter disc 200 to the C2 axis. A locking screw is installed in the third screw hole 208 to further lock the cutter disc 200 to the C2 axis. The processing method is as follows:

[0037] Step S1, profile turning;

[0038] Step S2, milling the eccentric surface 302;

[0039] Step S3: Processing the eccentric cylinder 303.

[0040] The steps of contour turning are as follows: X1 axis positions the turning tool on the guide sleeve 121 (see Figure 1 ) upper side; C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate; Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed the second specified length from the guide sleeve 121, the second specified length in this embodiment is specifically 186mm, ie the total length of the fishing gear accessory 300.

[0041] The eccentric surface 302 milling step is performed after the outer shape turning step. The eccentric surface 302 milling step is as follows: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed from the guide sleeve 121, and the feeding length is the length of the eccentric surface 302. During the feeding process, the X1 axis and the Y1 axis drive the milling cutter to move and complete the milling of the eccentric surface 302. After the outer shape turning and the eccentric surface milling, the state of the workpiece is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0042] The processing step of the eccentric cylinder 303 is performed after the processing step of the eccentric curved surface 302. Figure 7 The specific processing steps of the eccentric cylinder 303 are as follows:

[0043] First, the workpiece 300 is positioned. The specific method of positioning the workpiece is: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to move so that the workpiece head 301 and the eccentric curved surface 302 are exposed from the side of the guide sleeve 121 opposite to the C2 axis, and the state of the workpiece at this time is called the first state; next, the C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate so that the eccentric direction of the eccentric cylinder 303 of the workpiece is parallel to the X2 axis, and the state of the workpiece at this time is called the second state.

[0044] Next, the cutter head 200 connected to the C2 axis is positioned. The specific method for positioning the cutter head 200 is as follows: first, the C2 axis drives the cutter head 200 to rotate so that the clearance groove 2031 on the cutter head 200 is parallel to the X2 axis. The state of the cutter head 200 at this time is called the third state; next, the X2 axis drives the cutter head 200 so that the cutter head 200 and the workpiece head 301 are separated by a specified distance in the X2 axis direction. The state of the cutter head 200 at this time is called the fourth state. The specified distance can be 1mm-10mm. This step can prevent the cutter head 200 from being rotated in the next step. The cutter disc 200 interferes with the workpiece; next, the Z2 axis drives the cutter disc 200 so that the tip of the cutter is flush with the connection between the eccentric cylinder 303 and the eccentric curved surface 302. The state of the cutter disc 200 at this time is called the fifth state. This step can prevent the first turning tool 202 or the second turning tool 205 from interfering with the eccentric curved surface 302 of the workpiece in the next step; next, the X2 axis drives the cutter disc 200 so that the cutter disc 200 is concentric with the eccentric cylinder 303 of the workpiece. The state of the cutter disc 200 at this time is called the sixth state. At this point, the positioning of the cutter disc 200 is completed, the air avoidance hole 203 of the cutter disc 200 rotates around the workpiece head 301, the cutter disc 200 is concentric with the eccentric cylinder 303, and the tip of the cutter disc 200 is aligned with the connection between the eccentric cylinder 303 and the eccentric curved surface 302.

[0045] Next, the processing of the eccentric cylinder 303 is officially started, including: the C2 axis drives the cutter head 200 to rotate, and the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed a first specified length in the rotating cutter head 200. In this embodiment, the first specified length is specifically 160 mm, which is equal to the length of the eccentric cylinder 303.

[0046] At this point, the processing of the workpiece is completed.

[0047] After processing, the relative position of the workpiece and the cutter head 200 is as follows: Figure 6 At this time, the workpiece and the cutter head 200 return along the original path, and the processing of the next workpiece can be started.

[0048] In the above processing method, after the eccentric cylinder 303 is officially processed, only the C2 axis rotates and the Z1 axis feeds, and other axes do not need to move, which makes the axis movement simple and the processing efficiency high. In the experiment, the method only takes 32 seconds to process the above fishing gear accessories 300, while the existing milling method takes about 15 minutes. Calculated at the price of 1 yuan per minute for the Swiss machine, the processing fee of the existing milling is about 15 yuan, while the processing fee of the cutter head is only 0.53 yuan, which can greatly reduce the processing cost.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 Furthermore, the disk body 201 is provided with a first connecting groove 211 , a second connecting groove 213 , a first screw hole 210 penetrating the side of the first connecting groove 211 , and a second screw hole 209 penetrating the side of the second connecting groove 213 .

[0050] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 8 The first turning tool 202 is installed in the first connecting groove 211, the second turning tool 205 is installed in the second connecting groove 213, and the first screw hole 210 and the second screw hole 209 are respectively installed with locking screws, which abut against the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 to fix the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 to the disc body 201. In this way, by loosening the locking screws, changing the position of the first turning tool 202 in the first connecting groove 211, and changing the position of the second turning tool 205 in the second connecting groove 213, the radial position of the turning tool in the tool disc 200 can be adjusted.

[0051] Furthermore, the disc body 201 is provided with a fourth screw hole 212 corresponding to the first connection groove 211 and opposite to the notch portion of the first connection groove 211, and an adjustment screw is installed in the fourth screw hole 212, and the adjustment screw abuts against the first turning tool 202. In this way, when the length of the adjustment screw extending into the first connection groove 211 is changed, the misalignment distance between the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 in the extension direction of the axis 204 of the connection hole 206 can be adjusted, which can meet different processing requirements.

[0052] The present invention is described in detail above through specific embodiments, and these detailed descriptions are only limited to helping those skilled in the art understand the content of the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent transformations, etc. made by those skilled in the art to the above scheme under the conception of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece processing method based on a Swiss-type lathe, wherein the workpiece is a fishing gear accessory, comprising a head, an eccentric cylinder, and an eccentric curved surface connecting the head and the eccentric cylinder, characterized in that: The C2 axis of the Swiss machine is connected with a tool disc, and the tool disc includes a disc body, a first turning tool and a second turning tool. The disc body is provided with a connecting hole connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss machine, and the first turning tool and the second turning tool are respectively arranged on the disc body perpendicular to the axis of the connecting hole. The disc body is provided with a clearance hole communicating with the connecting hole corresponding to the first turning tool and the second turning tool, and the disc body is provided with a clearance groove extending radially and communicating with the clearance hole; The processing method comprises a profile turning step S1, an eccentric surface milling step S2 and an eccentric cylinder processing step S3. Wherein, the eccentric cylinder processing step S3 comprises: Positioning the workpiece, the steps of positioning the workpiece include: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece into a first state, in which the head and the eccentric curved surface are exposed from the side of the guide sleeve opposite to the C2 axis; and the C1 axis drives the workpiece into a second state, in which the eccentric direction of the eccentric cylinder is parallel to the X2 axis; The cutter disc connected to the C2 axis is positioned so that the air-avoiding hole of the cutter disc surrounds the head, the cutter disc is concentric with the eccentric cylinder, and the tip of the cutter disc is aligned with the connection portion between the eccentric cylinder and the eccentric curved surface. The step of positioning the cutter disc connected to the C2 axis includes: the C2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a third state, in which the air-avoiding groove on the cutter disc is parallel to the X2 axis; the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a fourth state, in which the cutter disc and the head are separated by a specified distance in the X2 axis direction; the Z2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a fifth state, in which the tip of the cutter disc is flush with the connection portion between the eccentric cylinder and the eccentric curved surface; and the X2 axis drives the cutter disc to enter a sixth state, in which the cutter disc is concentric with the eccentric cylinder. The C2 axis drives the cutter disc to rotate; The Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed the first specified length in the rotating cutter head; The first designated length is greater than or equal to the length of the eccentric cylinder.

2. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of driving the cutter disc to enter the third state by the C2 axis is preceded by the step of driving the cutter disc to enter the sixth state by the X2 axis. The step of the X2 axis driving the tool disc to enter the fourth state and the step of the Z2 axis driving the tool disc to enter the fifth state are after the step of the C2 axis driving the tool disc to enter the third state and before the step of the X2 axis driving the tool disc to enter the sixth state.

3. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The profile turning step comprises: The X1 axis positions the turning tool on the upper side of the guide sleeve; The C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate; The Z1 axis drives the workpiece to be fed from the guide sleeve by a second specified length.

4. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The eccentric cylinder has a length of 160 mm and a diameter of 3 mm, and the diameter of the head is greater than 10 mm.

5. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The machining accuracy of the second turning tool is greater than that of the first turning tool. The first turning tool and the second turning tool are staggered in the extending direction of the axis, and the second turning tool is closer to the connecting hole than the first turning tool.

6. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The disk body is provided with a first connecting groove, a second connecting groove, a first screw hole penetrating the side of the first connecting groove, and a second screw hole penetrating the side of the second connecting groove. The first turning tool is installed in the first connecting groove, and the second turning tool is installed in the second connecting groove. The first screw hole and the second screw hole are respectively installed with locking screws.

7. The workpiece processing method based on Swiss-type lathe according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A fourth screw hole is provided at the bottom of the disk body corresponding to the first connecting groove and opposite to the notch portion of the first connecting groove, and an adjusting screw is installed in the fourth screw hole.

Images