Linear rail and hard rail combined type pentahedron machining center

Abstract

The invention provides a linear rail and hard rail combined type pentahedron machining center which comprises a cross beam, stand columns, a lathe bed, a workbench, a ram and a ram base, the cross beam is installed on the upper portions of the two stand columns, the lathe bed is installed between the lower portions of the two stand columns, the workbench is slidably connected with the upper portion of the lathe bed, and the back of the ram base is slidably connected with the cross beam. A first side milling head is installed at the bottom of the ram, the ram is provided with a first linear rail and a first hard rail, the ram base is provided with a Z-axis panel and a first sliding block, the Z-axis panel corresponds to the first hard rail, the first sliding block corresponds to the first linear rail, the ram is in sliding connection with the ram base through the first linear rail and the first hard rail, and a side milling head storage bin is installed on the stand column. The side milling head storage bin and the ram are located on the same side of the stand column. According to the scheme, the rapid displacement, the positioning precision and the good precision retentivity of the linear rail are considered, meanwhile, the shock resistance of the hard rail is also considered, heavy cutting is better facilitated, and the effect of smaller cutting vibration is achieved while heavy cutting is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular relates to a linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the degree of automation in manufacturing and the customer's requirements for products, the customer's requirements for the processing accuracy and efficiency of machine tools are also increasing. As a processing machine for efficient processing of large parts, the rigidity of the main parts of the gantry machining center is the guarantee of high processing accuracy, and the rapid moving speed and acceleration of the three axes of the machine tool are the guarantee of high processing efficiency. This puts forward new requirements for the structural design of the machine tool, requiring that the deformation of each component of the machine tool is smaller during the processing force process, and at the same time, it is required to meet the requirements of heavy cutting while reducing the cutting vibration.

[0003] The existing gantry machining center has a linear rail structure for the Y axis and a linear rail or hard rail structure for the Z axis. They are relatively rigid, easy to deform, have large vibrations during heavy cutting, and have poor precision retention. The disadvantages of the Z axis hard rail structure are poor precision retention, slow fast moving speed, easy creeping at low speed, and low positioning accuracy. The disadvantages of the Z axis linear rail structure are poor seismic resistance, which is not conducive to heavy cutting.

[0004] A high-efficiency pentahedral vertical and horizontal integrated machining center (patent application number: CN202210347887.6) is currently disclosed, which includes an integrated processing frame, a conveying device, a fixed plate, an air outlet and dust removal device, and a dust suction device. The conveying device is arranged throughout the interior of the integrated processing frame, and the fixed plate is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the integrated processing frame near the front end. A driving groove is opened in the middle of the fixed plate, and a screw rod is arranged inside the driving groove. A sliding plate is arranged outside the screw rod, and an electric push rod device is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the sliding plate. The bottom of the electric push rod device is connected to the processing plate through a push rod. The air outlet and dust removal device is arranged at the right rear upper end of the integrated processing frame, and the dust suction device is arranged at the left rear lower end of the integrated processing frame.

[0005] This disclosed solution achieves efficient multi-faceted processing, automated workpiece conveying, and automated processing operations, but it cannot perform cutting, let alone achieve heavy cutting with less cutting vibration. It cannot solve the technical problems described above and still has technical defects. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing gantry machining center cannot achieve heavy cutting while reducing cutting vibration, and the deformation of various machine tool components cannot be reduced during the machining force process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center comprises a crossbeam, a column, a bed, a workbench, a ram and a ram seat, wherein the crossbeam is mounted on the upper parts of two columns, the bed is mounted between the lower parts of the two columns, the workbench is slidably connected to the upper part of the bed, the back of the ram seat is slidably connected to the crossbeam, a first side milling head is mounted on the bottom of the ram, the ram is provided with a first linear rail and a first hard rail, the ram seat is provided with a Z-axis insert and a first slider, the Z-axis insert corresponds to the first hard rail, the first slider corresponds to the first linear rail, the ram is slidably connected to the ram seat via the first linear rail and the first hard rail, a side milling head storage bin is mounted on the column, and the side milling head storage bin and the ram are located on the same side of the column.

[0009] Preferably, a counterweight cylinder support is provided on the top of the slide, and a push rod is hinged on the counterweight cylinder support. The slide seat is provided with a counterweight cylinder assembly, and the counterweight cylinder assembly includes a top cover, a counterweight cylinder and a rear cover. The top cover and the rear cover are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the counterweight cylinder. The top cover is provided with an opening, and the end of the push rod away from the counterweight cylinder support passes through the opening and moves up and down with the slide in the inner cavity of the counterweight cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a first nut seat is fixed to the back of the slide, a first screw nut is fixed to the first nut seat, a first motor assembly is fixed to the slide seat, and the first screw nut is threadedly connected to the first screw of the first motor assembly, so that the first motor assembly drives the slide to move up and down.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure plate is provided at the front end of the slide seat, the pressure plate cooperates with the Z-axis inlay strip, a second slider is provided on the back of the slide seat, the crossbeam is provided with a second motor assembly and a second linear rail, the second slider is slidably connected to the second linear rail, and the back of the slide seat is slidably connected to the second motor assembly so as to move horizontally along the crossbeam.

[0012] Preferably, the side milling head storage bin includes a first mounting bracket, a second mounting bracket and a mounting seat, the back of the mounting seat is fixed to the column, and a third linear rail and a fourth linear rail are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the mounting seat away from the column respectively, the first mounting bracket is slidably connected to the third linear rail, the second mounting bracket is slidably connected to the fourth linear rail, a first mounting member is provided on the top of the first mounting bracket, and the second side milling head is installed on the first mounting member, a second mounting member is provided on the top of the second mounting bracket, and the third side milling head is installed on the second mounting member.

[0013] Preferably, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate are fixed to a side of the mounting base away from the column, a first mounting plate is fixed to the first mounting plate, a second mounting plate is fixed to the second mounting plate, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are located between the first mounting bracket and the second mounting bracket, a first connecting plate is provided on a side of the first mounting bracket close to the first mounting plate, the first connecting plate is fixed to the first piston rod of the first cylinder, a second connecting plate is provided on a side of the second mounting bracket close to the second mounting plate, the second connecting plate is fixed to the second piston rod of the second cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the workbench includes a first workbench and a second workbench, the first workbench is equipped with a turntable, the inner plate of the turntable is provided with a mounting hole, the inner plate is fixed to the bottom of the second workbench through the mounting hole, and the inner plate is located above the upper surface of the first workbench.

[0015] Preferably, a third slider and a second nut seat are fixed at the bottom of the first workbench, a second screw nut is fixed to the second nut seat, a drive motor and a bearing seat are fixed to the bed, a second screw is installed between the drive motor and the bearing seat, and the second screw nut is threadedly connected to the second screw.

[0016] Preferably, the second workbench is provided with a plurality of grooves for mounting workpieces, and the sizes of the grooves at different positions are the same or different.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the column and the bed are respectively provided with a number of support members.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) This solution provides a linear rail and hard rail composite structure, which takes into account the rapid displacement of the linear rail, good positioning accuracy and precision retention, and also takes into account the seismic resistance of the hard rail, which is more conducive to heavy cutting and suitable for roughing and finishing in one go. While achieving heavy cutting, the cutting vibration is reduced, and during the processing force process, the deformation of various parts of the machine tool is reduced;

[0020] (2) The automatic side milling head can be clamped once to complete five-sided processing. A side milling head storage bin is set on the column to facilitate automatic replacement of the side milling head, thereby expanding the processing range of the machine tool and improving processing efficiency.

[0021] (3) The workbench includes a first workbench and a second workbench, and the two workbench are connected by a turntable, so that the second workbench can rotate compared to the first workbench, which is convenient for adjusting the machining angle and loading and unloading materials during the machining process. The grooves on the second workbench have different sizes, so that workpieces of different sizes can be clamped to increase the scope of application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pentahedron machining center of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A area;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ram and the ram seat in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the bed and the bottom of the first workbench in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side milling head storage bin in the present invention from a first perspective;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side milling head storage bin in the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the workbench in the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1-beam, 11-second motor assembly, 12-second linear rail, 2-column, 3-bed, 31-drive motor, 32-second screw, 33-bearing seat, 4-workbench, 41-first workbench, 411-turntable, 4111-mounting hole, 412-third slider, 413-second nut seat, 414-second screw nut, 42-second workbench, 421-groove, 5-side milling head storage bin, 51-second side milling head, 52-first mounting bracket, 521-first mounting member, 522-first connecting plate, 53-first cylinder, 531-first piston rod, 54-second cylinder, 541-second piston rod, 55-second mounting bracket Frame, 551-second mounting piece, 552-second connecting plate, 56-third side milling head, 57-mounting seat, 571-third linear rail, 572-first mounting plate, 573-second mounting plate, 574-fourth linear rail, 6-sliding ram, 61-counterweight cylinder support, 62-push rod, 63-first linear rail, 64-first screw nut, 65-first nut seat, 66-first hard rail, 67-first side milling head, 7-sliding ram seat, 71-second slider, 72-Z axis insert, 73-pressing plate, 74-counterweight cylinder assembly, 741-top cover, 742-counterweight cylinder, 743-rear cover, 75-first motor assembly, 751-first screw, 76-first slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-6As shown, a linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center includes a crossbeam 1, a column 2, a bed 3, a workbench 4, a ram 6 and a ram seat 7. The crossbeam 1 is installed on the upper parts of the two columns 2, the bed 3 is installed between the lower parts of the two columns 2, the workbench 4 is slidably connected to the upper part of the bed 3, the back of the ram seat 7 is slidably connected to the crossbeam 1, a first side milling head 67 is installed at the bottom of the ram 6, the ram 6 is provided with a first linear rail 63 and a first hard rail 66, the ram seat 7 is provided with a Z-axis insert 72 and a first slider 76, the Z-axis insert 72 corresponds to the first hard rail 66, the first slider 76 corresponds to the first linear rail 63, the ram 6 is slidably connected to the ram seat 7 through the first linear rail 63 and the first hard rail 66, the column 2 is installed with a side milling head storage bin 5, and the side milling head storage bin 5 and the ram 6 are located on the same side of the column 2.

[0032] A counterweight cylinder support 61 is provided on the top of the ram 6, and a push rod 62 is hinged on the counterweight cylinder support 61. A counterweight cylinder assembly 74 is provided on the ram seat 7. The counterweight cylinder assembly 74 includes a top cover 741, a counterweight cylinder 742 and a rear cover 743. The top cover 741 and the rear cover 743 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the counterweight cylinder 742. The top cover 741 is provided with an opening, and one end of the push rod 62 away from the counterweight cylinder support 61 passes through the opening and moves up and down with the ram 6 in the inner cavity of the counterweight cylinder 742.

[0033] The combined action of the counterweight cylinder assembly 74 and the push rod 62 provides the necessary balancing force for the ram 6, ensuring that the ram 6 can remain stable during the up and down movement, preventing the ram 6 from tipping over or overturning due to unstable center of gravity; improving the working stability. Through precise counterweight design, the counterweight cylinder assembly 74 can reduce the shaking of the ram 6 during operation, thereby improving the stability and safety of the work.

[0034] A first nut seat 65 is fixed to the back of the slide 6, a first screw nut 64 is fixed to the first nut seat 65, a first motor assembly 75 is fixed to the slide seat 7, and the first screw nut 64 is threadedly connected to the first screw 751 of the first motor assembly 75, so that the first motor assembly 75 drives the slide 6 to move up and down.

[0035] The first motor assembly 75 and the second motor assembly 11 and the third motor assembly composed of the driving motor 31, the bearing seat 33 and the second screw rod 32 on the bed 3 have the same structure. The first motor assembly 75 realizes the movement of the ram 6 in the Z-axis direction, the second motor assembly 11 realizes the movement of the ram seat 7 in the X-axis direction, and the third motor assembly realizes the movement of the workbench 4 in the Y-axis direction. Among them, the movement in the Z-axis direction adopts a structure combining a linear rail and a hard rail.

[0036] A pressure plate 73 is provided at the front end of the ram seat 7, and the pressure plate 73 cooperates with the Z-axis insert 72. A second slider 71 is provided at the back of the ram seat 7. The beam 1 is provided with a second motor assembly 11 and a second linear rail 12. The second slider 71 is slidably connected to the second linear rail 12. The back of the ram seat 7 is slidably connected to the second motor assembly 11 so as to move horizontally along the beam 1.

[0037] The side milling head storage bin 5 includes a first mounting bracket 52, a second mounting bracket 55 and a mounting seat 57. The back of the mounting seat 57 is fixed to the column 2. A third linear rail 571 and a fourth linear rail 574 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the mounting seat 57 away from the column 2 respectively. The first mounting bracket 52 is slidably connected to the third linear rail 571, and the second mounting bracket 55 is slidably connected to the fourth linear rail 574. A first mounting member 521 is provided on the top of the first mounting bracket 52, and the second side milling head 51 is installed on the first mounting member 521. A second mounting member 551 is provided on the top of the second mounting bracket 55, and the third side milling head 56 is installed on the second mounting member 551.

[0038] The side milling head storage compartment 5 can be equipped with a plurality of spare side milling heads, thereby facilitating the replacement of the side milling heads and improving the processing efficiency.

[0039] A first mounting plate 572 and a second mounting plate 573 are fixed to the side of the mounting base 57 away from the column 2, the first mounting plate 572 is fixed to the first cylinder 53, the second mounting plate 573 is fixed to the second cylinder 54, the first cylinder 53 and the second cylinder 54 are located between the first mounting bracket 52 and the second mounting bracket 55, a first connecting plate 522 is provided on the side of the first mounting bracket 52 close to the first mounting plate 572, the first connecting plate 522 is fixed to the first piston rod 531 of the first cylinder 53, and a second connecting plate 552 is provided on the side of the second mounting bracket 55 close to the second mounting plate 573, the second connecting plate 552 is fixed to the second piston rod 541 of the second cylinder 54.

[0040] The first piston rod 531 drives the first connecting plate 522 to move, thereby driving the first mounting bracket 52 to move, and the first mounting plate 572 fixes the first cylinder 53 to keep it in a static state. The moving principle of the second mounting bracket 55 is the same.

[0041] Under the action of the first cylinder 53 and the second cylinder 54, the first mounting bracket 52 and the second mounting bracket 55 can slide along the third linear rail 571 and the fourth linear rail 574 respectively, so as to expose the side milling head below and move the position of the side milling head, thereby facilitating the replacement of different side milling heads.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 7As shown, the workbench 4 includes a first workbench 41 and a second workbench 42. The first workbench 41 is installed with a turntable 411. The inner plate of the turntable 411 is provided with a mounting hole 4111. The inner plate is fixed to the bottom of the second workbench 42 through the mounting hole 4111. The inner plate is located above the upper surface of the first workbench 41.

[0044] In order to facilitate the rotation of the second workbench 42, there should be a gap between the first workbench 41 and the second workbench 42, so the inner disk is located above the upper surface of the first workbench 41 to separate the two workbench. In actual application, in order to avoid the rotation of the second workbench 42 during processing, a locking device can be added. After turning to the specified angle, the locking device can be used to fix the rotation angle before processing.

[0045] A third slider 412 and a second nut seat 413 are fixed to the bottom of the first workbench 41, a second screw nut 414 is fixed to the second nut seat 413, a driving motor 31 and a bearing seat 33 are fixed to the bed 3, a second screw 32 is installed between the driving motor 31 and the bearing seat 33, and the second screw nut 414 is threadedly connected to the second screw 32.

[0046] The second workbench 42 is provided with a number of grooves 421 for mounting workpieces, and the sizes of the grooves 421 at different positions are the same or different.

[0047] The groove 421 is a T-shaped groove for mounting a workpiece. By providing grooves 421 of different sizes, workpieces of different sizes and types can be mounted, thereby increasing the scope of application.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the column 2 and the bottom of the bed 3 are respectively provided with a number of supporting members.

[0050] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by any technician in the field of the present invention are included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center, comprising a crossbeam (1), a column (2), a bed (3), a workbench (4), a ram (6) and a ram seat (7), wherein the crossbeam (1) is mounted on the upper parts of two columns (2), the bed (3) is mounted between the lower parts of the two columns (2), the workbench (4) is slidably connected to the upper part of the bed (3), the back of the ram seat (7) is slidably connected to the crossbeam (1), and a first side milling head (67) is mounted on the bottom of the ram (6), characterized in that: The ram (6) is provided with a first linear rail (63) and a first hard rail (66); the ram seat (7) is provided with a Z-axis insert (72) and a first slider (76); the Z-axis insert (72) corresponds to the first hard rail (66); the first slider (76) corresponds to the first linear rail (63); the ram (6) is slidably connected to the ram seat (7) via the first linear rail (63) and the first hard rail (66); the column (2) is provided with a side milling head storage bin (5); the side milling head storage bin (5) and the ram (6) are located on the same side of the column (2).

2. A linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight cylinder support (61) is provided on the top of the ram (6), and a push rod (62) is hingedly connected to the counterweight cylinder support (61). A counterweight cylinder assembly (74) is provided on the ram seat (7), and the counterweight cylinder assembly (74) comprises a top cover (741), a counterweight cylinder (742) and a rear cover (743). The top cover (741) and the rear cover (743) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the counterweight cylinder (742). The top cover (741) is provided with an opening, and one end of the push rod (62) away from the counterweight cylinder support (61) passes through the opening and moves up and down with the ram (6) in the inner cavity of the counterweight cylinder (742).

3. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first nut seat (65) is fixed on the back of the ram (6), a first screw nut (64) is fixed on the first nut seat (65), a first motor assembly (75) is fixed on the ram seat (7), and the first screw nut (64) is threadedly connected to a first screw (751) of the first motor assembly (75), so that the first motor assembly (75) drives the ram (6) to move up and down.

4. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure plate (73) is provided at the front end of the ram seat (7), the pressure plate (73) cooperates with the Z-axis insert (72), a second slider (71) is provided at the back of the ram seat (7), the crossbeam (1) is provided with a second motor assembly (11) and a second linear rail (12), the second slider (71) is slidably connected to the second linear rail (12), and the back of the ram seat (7) is slidably connected to the second motor assembly (11) so as to move horizontally along the crossbeam (1).

5. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side milling head storage bin (5) comprises a first mounting bracket (52), a second mounting bracket (55) and a mounting seat (57); the back of the mounting seat (57) is fixed to the column (2); a third linear rail (571) and a fourth linear rail (574) are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the mounting seat (57) away from the column (2); the first mounting bracket (52) is slidably connected to the third linear rail (571); the second mounting bracket (55) is slidably connected to the fourth linear rail (574); a first mounting member (521) is provided at the top of the first mounting bracket (52); the second side milling head (51) is installed on the first mounting member (521); a second mounting member (551) is provided at the top of the second mounting bracket (55); the third side milling head (56) is installed on the second mounting member (551).

6. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first mounting plate (572) and a second mounting plate (573) are fixed to a side of the mounting seat (57) away from the column (2); a first cylinder (53) is fixed to the first mounting plate (572); a second cylinder (54) is fixed to the second mounting plate (573); the first cylinder (53) and the second cylinder (54) are located between the first mounting bracket (52) and the second mounting bracket (55); a first connecting plate (522) is provided on a side of the first mounting bracket (52) close to the first mounting plate (572); the first connecting plate (522) is fixed to a first piston rod (531) of the first cylinder (53); a second connecting plate (552) is provided on a side of the second mounting bracket (55) close to the second mounting plate (573); the second connecting plate (552) is fixed to a second piston rod (541) of the second cylinder (54).

7. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (4) comprises a first workbench (41) and a second workbench (42); the first workbench (41) is provided with a turntable (411); an inner plate of the turntable (411) is provided with a mounting hole (4111); the inner plate is fixed to the bottom of the second workbench (42) through the mounting hole (4111); and the inner plate is located above the upper surface of the first workbench (41).

8. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third slider (412) and a second nut seat (413) are fixed at the bottom of the first workbench (41), a second screw nut (414) is fixed to the second nut seat (413), a driving motor (31) and a bearing seat (33) are fixed to the bed (3), a second screw (32) is installed between the driving motor (31) and the bearing seat (33), and the second screw nut (414) is threadedly connected to the second screw (32).

9. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second workbench (42) is provided with a number of grooves (421) for mounting workpieces, and the sizes of the grooves (421) at different positions are the same or different.

10. The linear rail and hard rail composite pentahedron machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting members are respectively provided at the bottom of the column (2) and the bottom of the bed (3).

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