Gearbox shaft hole reverse boring cutter mounting device and mounting method

Abstract

The gearbox shaft hole reverse boring cutter mounting device comprises a reverse boring cutter body, the reverse boring cutter body comprises a cutter handle and a cutter body, the cutter handle is fixed to the upper end of the cutter body, the cutter handle is of a cone structure, a blind rivet is mounted at the top of the cutter handle, the lower end of the cutter body is integrally connected with a cutter holder, and the cutter holder is fixedly connected with the cutter body. The section of the tool apron is a rectangle with the long edge smaller than the diameter of the tool body, the rectangle extends rightwards from the tool body in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool body so that the tool body can be in an L shape, and one end of the tool apron is an arc face. According to the gear box shaft hole reverse boring cutter installation device and method, large holes in the two ends and a small hole in the middle of a gear box shaft hole can be machined, the coaxiality of the shaft hole is guaranteed, and use convenience is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear box processing, and in particular to a gear box shaft hole back boring tool installation device and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] Gearboxes are thin-walled box parts, which are usually distributed with many axial holes with a certain meshing relationship. The inner cavity is used to install gear shafts and gears to transmit machine power. Each axial hole generally has two or more coaxial axial holes. In order to ensure installation accuracy, these axial holes have high coaxiality accuracy requirements in addition to high aperture and coordinate accuracy.

[0003] Generally, two-level shaft holes are easier to process, while three-level and above shaft holes are more difficult to process. For three-level shaft holes, if the shaft hole diameter decreases or increases from the end face of the part, it is relatively easy to process; if the middle shaft hole has the smallest diameter, it is more difficult to process the shaft hole. In particular, when the difference between the middle shaft hole diameter and the second smallest shaft hole diameter is large, the processing difficulty is greater.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown in the cross-sectional view of the internal combustion engine gearbox, the output shaft hole of the gearbox is a three-level shaft hole. The coaxiality of the shaft hole P with the largest aperture on the upper surface to the shaft hole N with the smallest aperture is φ0.04mm, and the coaxiality of the shaft hole M with an aperture between the two on the lower surface to the middle shaft hole N is φ0.015mm. Among them, P = φ185H8mm, N = φ102H7mm, M = φ163H7mm. As can be seen from the figure, the gearbox is large in size and complex in structure. The output shaft hole has a large aperture and high precision requirements. In particular, the aperture difference between the shaft hole M and the shaft hole N is large, and the coaxiality precision requirements are strict. The precision boring of the shaft hole M is the bottleneck of the gearbox processing.

[0005] In this case, there are usually two processing options to choose from. Option 1: Press the part Figure 1 As shown in the positioning, first precision bore the shaft hole P and the shaft hole N, then turn the part over and position the shaft hole M so that the shaft hole M faces upward, then use the indicator to align the shaft hole N and then precision bore the shaft hole M. Option 2: After completing the precision boring of the shaft hole P and the shaft hole N, use the back boring tool to precision bore the shaft hole M.

[0006] In actual production, Plan 1 has been verified through process verification. Due to the existence of alignment errors, machine tool positioning errors, and the easy deformation of thin-walled box parts, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the shaft hole M to the shaft hole N to be 0.015mm. In addition, this plan has cumbersome processes and low work efficiency, so Plan 1 can be ruled out.

[0007] Solution 2: Since the diameter difference between the shaft hole M and the shaft hole N is large, it is impossible to use a standard back boring tool for processing. Although the current non-standard back boring tool can improve the coaxiality processing accuracy of the shaft hole M and the shaft hole N to a certain extent, the first inspection pass rate is still not ideal. The reason is that the coaxiality accuracy requirement of the parts is too high, which has exceeded the accuracy range that the CNC machine tool can stably guarantee. In particular, the repeated positioning error of the machine tool caused by the eccentric motion of the back boring tool during feeding inevitably causes the repeated positioning error of the back boring tool.

[0008] To avoid repeated positioning errors of the back-boring tool, the back-boring tool must be installed manually, specifically: after precision boring of the shaft holes P and N, always keep the X and Y axis coordinates of the machine tool unchanged, manually remove the original tool, and then manually insert the tail end of the non-standard back-boring tool into the output shaft hole of the gear box until the bottom surface of the tool holder touches the bottom surface of the fixture. Then one person holds the back-boring tool from the bottom surface of the fixture with both hands so that the tool body extends a certain distance from the end face of the shaft hole. Another person holds the upper part of the tool body with both hands and adjusts the direction so that the center of the tool handle is aligned with the center of the machine tool spindle. The third person operates the machine tool to move the machine tool spindle slowly downward along the Z axis until the tool handle completely enters the tapered hole of the machine tool spindle and then performs the tool grabbing action to complete the installation of the non-standard back-boring tool. However, the non-standard back-boring tool is long and the operating space is narrow. It requires the cooperation of multiple people to install the tool, which has a high labor intensity for workers. In addition, if the operation is improper, the workers are easily injured, which is not conducive to safe production. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a gear box shaft hole back boring tool installation device and installation method, which can realize the processing of large holes at both ends of the gear box shaft hole and small holes in the middle, and ensure the coaxiality of the shaft hole, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device, comprising a back boring tool body, the back boring tool body comprising a tool handle and a tool body, the tool handle is fixed to the upper end of the tool body, the tool handle is a conical structure, a pull nail is installed on the top of the tool handle, the lower end of the tool body is integrally connected with a tool seat, the cross-section of the tool seat is a rectangle with a long side smaller than the diameter of the tool body, the rectangle extends rightward from the tool body along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool body so that the tool body is L-shaped, one end of the tool seat is an arc surface, a first plane is obliquely arranged on the arc surface, a fine-tuning unit is arranged in the center of the first plane along the normal direction, and an eccentric cylindrical surface parallel to the axis of the tool body is arranged on the lower section of the tool body in the opposite direction to the fine-tuning unit on the tool seat;

[0011] Also included is a tool mounting device for mounting a back boring tool body, comprising a first V-shaped block, a device base, a second V-shaped block, a thrust screw and a screw seat;

[0012] The device base is a truncated cone body fixedly connected to the clamp body and coaxial with the 15 output shaft hole of the gear box. One end of the first V-shaped block faces downward and is vertically installed on the device base through screws. The V-shaped groove opening of the first V-shaped block faces one side of the lower end of the cutter body. The thrust screw is threadedly connected to the screw seat, and the screw seat is fixed to one side of the clamp body. One end of the thrust screw is a cylinder, and the cylinder faces the other side of the lower end of the cutter body.

[0013] The V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block matches the eccentric cylindrical surface on the back boring tool body;

[0014] The second V-shaped block is installed on the same side as the first V-shaped block at the end surface of the gear box shaft hole P, and the V-shaped groove working surface of the second V-shaped block matches the outer cylindrical surface of the tool body of the back boring tool body.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first handle is installed at one end of the thrust screw.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the center line of the thrust screw passes through the symmetrical center plane of the V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second V-shaped block is a thin-walled V-shaped plate with a thickness of 10 mm, and an outer cylindrical surface that does not penetrate the second V-shaped block is processed in the opposite direction of the V-shaped groove opening of the second V-shaped block.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the diameter of the outer cylindrical surface is the same as the diameter of the gear box shaft hole P, and the outer cylindrical surface is equally divided into two parts by a second plane on the outer cylindrical surface that is perpendicular to the symmetric center plane of the V-groove of the second V-shaped block, and the remaining plane formed on the outer cylindrical surface after the above processing is the thrust surface of the second V-shaped block.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a second handle is provided on the second V-shaped block, and a chamfer is processed on the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the center line of the back boring tool body is concentric with the output shaft hole of the gear box.

[0021] A method for installing a gearbox shaft hole back boring tool in a tool installation device comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: After finishing boring the shaft holes P and N, the X and Y axis coordinates of the machine tool are always kept unchanged, and the original tool is manually removed;

[0023] S2: manually inserting the rear end of the back boring tool body into the output shaft hole of the gear box, keeping the fine-adjustment unit on the back boring tool body facing one side, until the bottom surface of the tool holder of the back boring tool body abuts against the device base in the back boring tool body;

[0024] S3: Hold the handle of the back boring tool body with your right hand, hold the second handle on the second V-shaped block with your left hand, install the second V-shaped block on the end face of the output shaft hole of the gear box, make the thrust surface of the second V-shaped block against the end face of the shaft hole P, and apply force to the left with your right hand so that the V-groove working surface of the second V-shaped block matches the outer cylindrical surface of the tool body of the back boring tool body;

[0025] S4: Hold the tool handle with the left hand and rotate the first handle with the right hand until the V-groove working surface of the first V-shaped block matches the eccentric cylindrical surface on the back boring tool body;

[0026] S5: Control the machine tool to slowly move the spindle down along the Z axis until the tool holder is completely inserted into the spindle taper hole of the machine tool, and then perform the tool grabbing action to complete the installation of the back boring tool body;

[0027] S6: Rotate the first handle in the opposite direction to move the thrust screw away from the fine-tuning unit of the back-boring tool body, and operate the machine tool to make the spindle fast forward along the Z axis until the bottom surface of the tool holder of the back-boring tool body is higher than the upper end surface of the first V-shaped block, then start the machine tool spindle rotation to start back boring the shaft hole M.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the gear box shaft hole back boring tool installation device and installation method have a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the entire back boring tool installation process can be completed by one person, the installation process is highly safe, and the operation is convenient and quick, ensuring that the coaxiality of the processed shaft hole is within the required range, thereby greatly improving the convenience of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the gearbox that needs to be processed;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a back boring tool;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view in CC;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of installing the back boring tool in the tool installation device;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at the middle BB;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 is a front view of the second V-shaped block;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Bottom view of .

[0037] In the figure: 1 back boring tool body, 11 tool handle, 12 tool body, 121 tool body outer cylindrical surface, 13 pull nail, 14 tool seat, 15 first plane, 16 fine-tuning unit, 17 eccentric cylindrical surface, 18 tool seat bottom surface, 19 arc surface, 2 first V-shaped block, 21 first V-shaped block upper end surface, 22 screw, 23 symmetry center plane, 3 device base, 4 thrust screw, 41 first handle, 42 cylinder, 5 screw seat, 6 second V-shaped block, 61 second handle, 62 second V-shaped block thrust surface, 63 second plane, 64 chamfer, 65 outer cylindrical surface, 66 V-shaped groove symmetry center plane, 7 gear box, 71 gear box shaft hole P, 8 clamp body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments (for the convenience of description and understanding, the following is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention). Figure 4 Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 2-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device, comprising a back boring tool body 1, the back boring tool body 1 comprising a tool handle 11 and a tool body 12, the tool handle 11 is fixed to the upper end of the tool body 12, the tool handle 11 is a conical structure, a pull nail 13 is installed on the top of the tool handle 11, and a tool seat 14 is connected to the lower end of the tool body 12 in an integrated manner, the cross section of the tool seat 14 is a rectangle whose long side is smaller than the diameter of the tool body 12, the rectangle extends rightward from the tool body 12 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool body 12 so that the tool body 12 is L-shaped, one end of the tool seat 14 is a circular arc surface 19, a first plane 15 is arranged obliquely on the circular arc surface 19, a fine-tuning unit 16 is arranged at the center of the first plane 15 along the normal direction, and an eccentric cylindrical surface 17 parallel to the axis of the tool body 12 is arranged on the lower section of the tool body 12 and in the opposite direction of the fine-tuning unit 16 on the tool seat 14;

[0040] Also included is a tool mounting device for mounting a back boring tool body 1, comprising a first V-shaped block 2, a device base 3, a second V-shaped block 6, a thrust screw 4 and a screw seat 5;

[0041] The device base 3 is a truncated cone body fixedly connected to the clamp body 8 and coaxial with the output shaft hole 15 of the gear box 7. One end of the first V-shaped block 2 is downward and vertically installed on the device base 3 by a screw 22. The V-shaped groove opening of the first V-shaped block 2 faces the right side. The thrust screw 4 is threadedly connected to the screw seat 5. The screw seat 5 is fixed to the right side of the clamp body 8. One end of the thrust screw 4 is a cylinder 42, and the cylinder 42 faces the right side of the cutter body 12.

[0042] The V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block 2 matches with the eccentric cylindrical surface 17 on the back boring tool body 1;

[0043] The second V-shaped block 6 is installed at the end surface of the gear box shaft hole P71 on the same side as the first V-shaped block 2 , and the V-groove working surface of the second V-shaped block 2 matches with the outer cylindrical surface 121 of the tool body of the back boring tool body 1 .

[0044] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the rotation of the thrust screw 4 , a first handle 41 is installed at one end of the thrust screw 4 .

[0045] In order to ensure the horizontality of the thrust screw 4 , the center line of the thrust screw 4 passes through the symmetrical center plane 23 of the V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block 2 .

[0046] The second V-shaped block 6 is a thin-walled V-shaped plate with a thickness of 10 mm, and an outer cylindrical surface 65 that does not penetrate the second V-shaped block 6 is processed in the opposite direction of the V-shaped groove opening of the second V-shaped block 6;

[0047] The diameter of the outer cylindrical surface 65 is the same as the diameter of the gear box shaft hole P71. The outer cylindrical surface 65 is divided into two parts by a second plane 63 which is perpendicular to the symmetric center plane 66 of the V-groove of the second V-shaped block 6. The remaining plane formed on the outer cylindrical surface 65 after the above processing is the second V-shaped block thrust surface 62.

[0048] In order to facilitate workers to hold the second V-shaped block 6, a second handle 61 is provided on the second V-shaped block 6, and a chamfer 64 is processed at the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface 65.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to achieve accurate positioning of the back-boring tool in the tool mounting device, the center line of the back-boring tool body 1 is concentric with the output shaft hole of the gear box 7 .

[0050] A method for installing a gearbox shaft hole back boring tool in a tool installation device comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1: After finishing boring the shaft holes P and N, the X and Y axis coordinates of the machine tool are always kept unchanged, and the original tool is manually removed;

[0052] S2: manually insert the rear end of the back boring tool body 1 into the output shaft hole of the gear box 7, and keep the fine adjustment unit 16 on the back boring tool body 1 facing one side, until the bottom surface 18 of the tool holder of the back boring tool body 1 abuts against the device base 3 in the back boring tool body 1;

[0053] S3: Hold the handle 11 of the back boring tool body 1 with the right hand, hold the second handle 61 on the second V-shaped block 6 with the left hand, install the second V-shaped block 6 on the end face of the output shaft hole of the gear box 7, make the thrust surface 62 of the second V-shaped block abut against the end face of the shaft hole P, and apply force to the left with the right hand so that the V-shaped groove working surface of the second V-shaped block 6 matches with the outer cylindrical surface 121 of the tool body of the back boring tool body 1;

[0054] S4: Change the left hand to hold the tool handle 11, and rotate the first handle 41 with the right hand until the V-groove working surface of the first V-shaped block 2 matches the eccentric cylindrical surface 17 on the back boring tool body 1;

[0055] S5: Control the machine tool to slowly move the spindle down along the Z axis until the tool handle 11 completely enters the spindle taper hole of the machine tool, and then perform the tool grabbing action to complete the installation of the back boring tool body 1;

[0056] S6: Rotate the first handle 41 in the reverse direction to move the thrust screw 4 away from the fine adjustment unit 16 of the back-boring tool body 1, and operate the machine tool to make the spindle fast forward along the Z axis until the bottom surface 18 of the tool holder of the back-boring tool body 1 is higher than the upper end surface 21 of the first V-shaped block, then start the machine tool spindle rotation to start back boring the shaft hole M.

[0057] The invention can realize rapid processing of the third-level shaft hole of the gear box with a small middle shaft hole and large shaft holes at both ends. It can be operated by a single person, realizes rapid tool installation, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and ensures safety during operation, which is beneficial to safe production.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device, comprising a back boring tool body (1), the back boring tool body (1) comprising a tool handle (11) and a tool body (12), the tool handle (11) being fixed to the upper end of the tool body (12), the tool handle (11) being a conical structure, a pull nail (13) being installed on the top of the tool handle (11), a tool seat (14) being integrally connected to the lower end of the tool body (12), the cross section of the tool seat (14) being a rectangle whose long side is smaller than the diameter of the tool body (12), the rectangle extending from the tool body to the lower end of the tool seat. (12) extends rightward along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the knife body (12) so that the knife body (12) is L-shaped, one end of the knife seat (14) is a circular arc surface (19), a first plane (15) is arranged obliquely above the circular arc surface (19), a fine adjustment unit (16) is arranged at the center of the first plane (15) along the normal direction, and an eccentric cylindrical surface (17) parallel to the axis of the knife body (12) is arranged on the lower section of the knife body (12) in the opposite direction to the fine adjustment unit (16) on the knife seat (14), characterized in that: Also included is a tool mounting device for mounting a back-boring tool body (1), comprising a first V-shaped block (2), a device base (3), a second V-shaped block (6), a thrust screw (4) and a screw seat (5); The device base (3) is a truncated cone body fixedly connected to the clamp body (8) and coaxial with the output shaft hole 15 of the gear box (7); one end of the first V-shaped block (2) is downwardly facing and is vertically installed on the device base (3) by means of a screw (22); the V-shaped groove opening of the first V-shaped block (2) faces one side of the lower end of the cutter body (12); the thrust screw (4) is threadedly connected to the screw seat (5); the screw seat (5) is fixed to one side of the clamp body (8); one end of the thrust screw (4) is a cylinder (42), and the cylinder (42) faces the other side of the lower end of the cutter body (12); The V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block (2) matches the eccentric cylindrical surface (17) on the back boring tool body (1); The second V-shaped block (6) is mounted on the same side as the first V-shaped block (2) at the end face of the gear box shaft hole P (71), and the V-groove working surface of the second V-shaped block (2) cooperates with the outer cylindrical surface (121) of the tool body of the back boring tool body (1).

2. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first handle (41) is mounted on one end of the thrust screw (4).

3. The gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the thrust screw (4) passes through the symmetrical center plane (23) of the V-shaped groove of the first V-shaped block (2).

4. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second V-shaped block (6) is a thin-walled V-shaped plate with a thickness of 10 mm. An outer cylindrical surface (65) that does not penetrate the second V-shaped block (6) is processed in the opposite direction of the V-shaped groove opening of the second V-shaped block (6).

5. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the outer cylindrical surface (65) is the same as the diameter of the gear box shaft hole P (71). The outer cylindrical surface (65) is equally divided into two parts by a second plane (63) perpendicular to the symmetric center plane (66) of the V-shaped groove of the second V-shaped block (6). The remaining plane formed by the outer cylindrical surface (65) after the above processing is the thrust surface (62) of the second V-shaped block.

6. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second V-shaped block (6) is provided with a second handle (61), and the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface (65) is processed with a chamfer (64).

7. A gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the back boring tool body (1) is concentric with the output shaft hole of the gear box (7).

8. The installation method in a gearbox shaft hole back boring tool installation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: After finishing boring the shaft holes P and N, the X and Y axis coordinates of the machine tool are always kept unchanged, and the original tool is manually removed; S2: manually inserting the rear end of the back-boring tool body (1) into the output shaft hole of the gear box (7), keeping the fine adjustment unit (16) on the back-boring tool body (1) facing one side, until the bottom surface (18) of the tool holder of the back-boring tool body (1) abuts against the device base (3) in the back-boring tool body (1); S3: Hold the handle (11) of the back boring tool body (1) with the right hand, hold the second handle (61) on the second V-shaped block (6) with the left hand, install the second V-shaped block (6) on the end face of the output shaft hole of the gear box (7), make the thrust surface (62) of the second V-shaped block abut against the end face of the shaft hole P, and apply force to the left with the right hand so that the V-groove working surface of the second V-shaped block (6) matches the outer cylindrical surface (121) of the tool body of the back boring tool body (1); S4: Hold the tool handle (11) with the left hand and rotate the first handle (41) with the right hand until the V-groove working surface of the first V-shaped block (2) matches the eccentric cylindrical surface (17) on the back boring tool body (1); S5: Control the machine tool to move the spindle slowly downward along the Z axis until the tool handle (11) completely enters the spindle taper hole of the machine tool, and then executes the tool grabbing action to complete the installation of the back boring tool body (1); S6: The first handle (41) is rotated in the reverse direction to move the thrust screw (4) away from the fine adjustment unit (16) of the back-boring tool body (1), and the machine tool is controlled to make the spindle fast forward along the Z axis upward until the bottom surface (18) of the tool holder of the back-boring tool body (1) is higher than the upper end surface (21) of the first V-shaped block, and then the spindle of the machine tool is started to rotate to start back-boring the shaft hole M.

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