Automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery function

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile transmission shaft with a kinetic energy recovery function, and relates to the technical field of vehicle transmission. The problem of torque transmission vibration energy recovery is solved. The driving shaft is in transmission connection with a vehicle driving source, the driven shaft is in transmission connection with a vehicle driving wheel, the transition shaft is used for being in transmission connection with the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the energy recovery part is fixed to a vehicle body. The opposite sides of the driving shaft and the transition shaft are each provided with a set of pawls. The driving shaft and the transition shaft are arranged, the driving shaft and the transition shaft are meshed and matched through the pawls, meanwhile, energy conversion is conducted through piezoelectric ceramics, so that second-order vibration energy in the forklift driving or forklift driving process can be absorbed and converted, energy recovery is achieved, meanwhile, a rubber cushion block is arranged, on one hand, vibration buffering can be conducted to a certain degree, and on the other hand, the energy recovery efficiency is improved. And on the other hand, the piezoelectric ceramics can be prevented from being damaged when being driven by a relatively large torque.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle transmission, and in particular to an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle drive shaft is commonly installed in the middle of a four-wheel drive vehicle, located at the bottom of the vehicle body and arranged along the length of the vehicle body. It transmits the power of the engine or generator to the drive wheel on the other side through the drive shaft.

[0003] Vehicle kinetic energy recovery utilizes the vehicle's kinetic energy to convert and store it when braking or when no drive input is required, thereby achieving the advantages of low energy consumption and long cruising range.

[0004] After searching, the Chinese patent publication number CN201800551U discloses a hydraulic automobile kinetic energy recovery device, including: a frame, characterized in that: the frame is equipped with an engine, the engine is equipped with an active transmission shaft, the active transmission shaft is connected to the transmission shaft through a gear box, and the two ends of the active transmission shaft are respectively connected to brake pads, and characterized in that: the transmission shaft is connected to an oil pump, the oil pump is connected to a hydraulic pump through an oil pipe, and the oil pump pipe is connected to a hydraulic oil tank.

[0005] The above patent has the following deficiencies: it utilizes hydraulic pressure to recover kinetic energy from the friction of the brake pads, but when the vehicle is driven by an engine or an electric motor, the engine has a stroke and its work is intermittent, and the electric motor also has a magnetic field switching action. Therefore, when performing a detailed analysis, the torque output of the engine and the generator is intermittent rather than fully continuous. The intermittent torque output will cause the transmission gap of the drive shaft to have a second-order torsional vibration. Similarly, during the braking stage, due to different degrees of wear of the brake pads and fluctuations in the dynamic / static friction coefficient of the road surface, second-order torsional vibration will also occur. This vibration will cause a slight "collision" between the two transmission components due to the transmission gap between the two transmission components. Most of the collision energy will be dissipated in the form of sound and heat, resulting in torque loss. The above patent cannot recover this part of the energy, so it still has certain limitations. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery includes a driving shaft drivingly connected to a vehicle driving source, a driven shaft drivingly connected to a vehicle driving wheel, a transition shaft for drivingly connecting the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and an energy recovery unit fixed to a vehicle body. The driving shaft is movably inserted into the inner wall of the transition shaft through a limiting cam shaft, and a group of pawls are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the driving shaft and the transition shaft, and the two groups of pawls are engaged with each other. Piezoelectric ceramics that cooperate with the end faces of the other group of pawls are provided on both sides of the inner walls of the pawls connected to the driving shaft, and rubber pads fixed to the inner walls of the pawls are provided on the opposite sides of the two piezoelectric ceramics, and the power generation end of the piezoelectric ceramics is electrically connected to the energy recovery part.

[0008] Preferably: a key-shaped groove is formed on the inner wall of the transition shaft, a key-shaped protrusion is welded on the outer wall of the driven shaft, the key-shaped protrusion is clearance-matched with the key-shaped groove, and a limiting retaining spring for limiting the end face of the transition shaft is fixed on the outer wall of the key-shaped protrusion.

[0009] Furthermore: an outer wall of the drive shaft is provided with an electrical connection component, and the electrical connection component includes a protective shell rotatably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft and two conductive sheets located inside the protective shell and fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft, the drive shaft and the conductive sheets are insulated from each other, a connecting block is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the protective shell, the connecting block is fixedly connected to the energy recovery part, and the inner wall of the connecting block is symmetrically slidably connected with two ball-type electrode heads, an insulating spring is provided on the opposite side of the ball-type electrode head, the two ball-type electrode heads respectively roll and electrically conduct to match the side walls of the two conductive sheets, the ball-type electrode heads are connected to the energy recovery part, and the conductive sheets are connected to the piezoelectric ceramics.

[0010] On the basis of the above-mentioned solution: the energy recovery unit includes a shell and a plurality of energy storage batteries fixed to the inner wall of the shell, and the ball-type electrode head is connected to the charging terminal of the energy storage battery.

[0011] A better solution among the above solutions is that: the side wall of the shell is provided with an opening and closing door assembly, and the inside of the shell is provided with an opening and closing control mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the opening and closing door assembly.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the opening and closing door assembly is composed of a plurality of doors rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell, the opening and closing control mechanism includes a sliding frame and a piston rod, the sliding frame is slidably connected to the shell, the side wall of the sliding frame is rotatably connected to a plurality of connecting rods, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the door, the piston rod is fixed to one side of the sliding frame, and a piston is fixed to the end of the piston rod, the outer wall of the piston is slidably connected to a cylinder body fixed to the shell, the end face of the piston is buckled with an auxiliary spring, and the other end of the auxiliary spring is buckled to the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0013] At the same time, the closed inner cavity formed by the cylinder body and the piston is filled with a mixed gas of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetroxide.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the energy recovery unit also includes a power generation mechanism and an auxiliary drive mechanism fixed to the bottom of the shell, the outer wall of the drive shaft is matched with the input shaft of the power generation mechanism through a gear set 1, and the outer wall of the drive shaft is matched with the output shaft of the auxiliary drive mechanism through a gear set 2.

[0015] At the same time, the power generation mechanism includes a generator shell and a power generation main shaft, the generator shell is fixed to the outer wall of the shell, the power generation main shaft is transmission-matched with the gear set 1, the outer wall of the power generation main shaft is fixed with a generator rotor core, the inner wall of the generator shell is fixed with a plurality of generator stator windings which are connected in series and matched with the generator rotor core, and one side of each of the generator stator windings is electrically connected with an electrode column 1; The auxiliary drive mechanism comprises an auxiliary drive main shaft and a motor housing, wherein the auxiliary drive main shaft is fixed to the outer wall of the housing, and the motor housing is transmission-matched with the second gear set, the outer wall of the auxiliary drive main shaft is fixed with a motor rotor core, and the inner wall of the motor housing is fixed with a plurality of motor stator windings which are connected in series and matched with the motor rotor core, and one side of each of the motor stator windings is electrically connected with the second electrode column; The inner wall of the shell is provided with a mode control mechanism, which includes a counterweight block and two groups of elastic electrode sheets 1 and 2 respectively fixed on both sides of the counterweight block. The counterweight block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the sliding direction of the counterweight block and the shell is parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle. Spring 1 is buckled at both ends of the counterweight block, and the other end of spring 1 is buckled to the inner wall of the shell. The elastic electrode sheet 1 is in contact with the electrode column 1, and the elastic electrode sheet 2 is in contact with the electrode column 2.

[0016] As a more preferred solution of the present invention: the side wall of the counterweight block is provided with a plurality of slots, and both sides of the inner wall of the shell are respectively provided with a group of elastic limiters cooperating with the slots; The elastic limiting member includes a slide plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell and an arc-head clamping rod fixed to the end face of the slide plate and limitedly matched with the clamping slot. The other end of the slide plate is buckled with spring 2, and the other end of spring 2 is buckled to the inner wall of the shell.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention sets a driving shaft and a transition shaft, uses a ratchet to engage the driving shaft and the transition shaft, and uses piezoelectric ceramics to convert energy at the same time, so as to absorb and convert the second-order vibration energy during driving or forklifting, thereby realizing energy recovery. At the same time, a rubber pad is set, which can provide a certain degree of vibration buffering on the one hand, and prevent the piezoelectric ceramics from being damaged when driven by a large torque on the other hand.

[0018] 2. The present invention configures the entire transmission shaft as a combination of a driving shaft, a transition shaft, and a driven shaft, utilizes the engagement of pawls to realize the transmission between the driving shaft and the transition shaft, and utilizes the cooperation of a key-shaped groove and a key-shaped protrusion to realize the transmission between the transition shaft and the driven shaft. Thus, on the basis of ensuring reliable transmission, the driving shaft, the transition shaft, and the driven shaft can be conveniently assembled and disassembled.

[0019] 3. The present invention sets an electrical connection component and uses the conductive sheet and the ball-type electrode head as a transition, so that the protective shell and the energy recovery part can rotate relative to each other, while the connecting wires between the conductive sheet and the piezoelectric ceramic, and the connecting wires between the ball-type electrode head and the energy recovery part will not have the problem of rotation and entanglement, thereby increasing safety.

[0020] 4. The present invention, by setting a door, can utilize the rotating opening and closing of the door to realize the functions of low-temperature sealing and heat preservation and high-temperature opening and heat dissipation, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the components in the shell. In addition, by setting a drive based on thermal expansion and contraction, the door can be automatically opened and closed according to the temperature in the shell, without the participation of electrical components such as sensors and controllers. It is highly sensitive and also simplifies the control logic.

[0021] 5. The present invention, by setting the gas to a mixed gas of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetroxide, can achieve expansion and contraction by utilizing the gas's own characteristics when the temperature changes, and can also promote expansion and contraction by utilizing chemical equilibrium movement, thereby increasing the overall expansion and contraction coefficient of the gas and ensuring the reliability of control.

[0022] 6. The present invention provides a power generation mechanism and an auxiliary drive mechanism, which cooperate with the energy storage battery. On the one hand, it can realize auxiliary drive during acceleration or uphill to ensure that the vehicle has sufficient torque for moving. On the other hand, it can also recover energy during deceleration or downhill to increase the energy-saving effect.

[0023] 7. The present invention adjusts the working modes of the power generation mechanism and the auxiliary drive mechanism based on the sliding of the counterweight block, so that the acceleration and deceleration, uphill and downhill conditions of the vehicle can be automatically matched with the starting mode of the power generation mechanism or the auxiliary drive mechanism without the need for electronic control. At the same time, based on the setting of multiple generator stator windings and motor stator windings, the power of the power generation mechanism and the auxiliary drive mechanism can also be adaptively matched and adjusted with the acceleration and deceleration speeds, uphill and downhill slopes.

[0024] 8. The present invention sets an elastic limiter and a slot, and uses the elastic limiter to limit the slot, so that once the counterweight block moves, it will move to the next slot and stop when it cooperates with the elastic limiter, thereby reliably limiting the working position of the counterweight block and increasing the working reliability of the power generation mechanism and the auxiliary drive mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a driving shaft and a transition shaft of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of a driving shaft, a transition shaft and a driven shaft of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric coupling assembly of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an energy recovery unit of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an opening and closing door assembly and an opening and closing control mechanism of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 The invention provides a vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery. Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a power generation mechanism, an auxiliary drive mechanism and a mode control mechanism of a vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of an elastic limiter and a clamping groove of a vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention; Fig.10 The invention provides a vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery. Fig. 9 The enlarged structural diagram of part B in the middle; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. driving shaft; 2. transition shaft; 3. driven shaft; 4. energy recovery unit; 5. electric coupling assembly; 6. ratchet; 7. piezoelectric ceramics; 8. rubber pad; 9. limit cam; 10. key groove; 11. limit snap spring; 12. key protrusion; 13. conductive sheet; 14. ball-type electrode head; 15. connecting block; 16. insulating spring; 17. protective shell; 18. gear set 1; 19. energy storage battery; 20. mounting ear; 21. power generation mechanism; 22. mode control mechanism; 23. opening and closing control mechanism; 24. opening and closing door assembly; 25. gear set 2; 26. auxiliary drive mechanism; 27. shell body; 28, connecting rod; 29, door; 30, sliding frame; 31, piston rod; 32, cylinder body; 33, piston; 34, auxiliary spring; 35, generator shell; 36, generator stator winding; 37, generator rotor core; 38, generator main shaft; 39, electrode column one; 40, elastic electrode sheet one; 41, spring one; 42, counterweight; 43, elastic electrode sheet two; 44, electrode column two; 45, auxiliary drive main shaft; 46, motor rotor core; 47, motor stator winding; 48, motor shell; 49, elastic limiter; 50, slot; 51, spring two; 52, slide plate; 53, arc head clamping rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Example

[0029] A vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery, such as Figure 1 - Fig.10 As shown, it includes a driving shaft 1 drivingly connected to a vehicle driving source, a driven shaft 3 drivingly connected to a vehicle driving wheel, a transition shaft 2 for drivingly connecting the driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft 3, and an energy recovery unit 4 fixed to the vehicle body, the driving shaft 1 is movably plugged into the inner wall of the transition shaft 2 through a limiting cam 9, and a group of pawls 6 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the driving shaft 1 and the transition shaft 2, and the two groups of pawls 6 are engaged with each other, and piezoelectric ceramics 7 matching with the end faces of the other group of pawls 6 are provided on both sides of the inner walls of the pawls 6 connected to the driving shaft 1, and rubber pads 8 fixed to the inner walls of the pawls 6 are provided on opposite sides of the two piezoelectric ceramics 7, and the power generation ends of the piezoelectric ceramics 7 are electrically connected to the energy recovery unit 4.

[0030] When the device is in use, the driving shaft 1 transmits the torque to the transition shaft 2 through the pawl 6, and the transition shaft 2 transmits the torque to the driven shaft 3, and thus to the driving wheels of the vehicle. During the driving or braking process, the end faces of one set of pawls 6 contact the piezoelectric ceramics 7, and when the second-order torque vibration is generated, the piezoelectric ceramics 7 on both sides are squeezed respectively, so that the piezoelectric ceramics 7 convert the vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is then transmitted to the energy recovery unit 4 for storage.

[0031] The device, by setting a driving shaft 1 and a transition shaft 2, uses a pawl 6 to engage the driving shaft 1 and the transition shaft 2, and uses piezoelectric ceramics 7 to convert energy at the same time, so that the second-order vibration energy in the driving or forklift process can be absorbed and converted to achieve energy recovery. At the same time, a rubber pad 8 is set, which can not only provide a certain degree of vibration buffering, but also prevent the piezoelectric ceramics 7 from being damaged when driven by a large torque.

[0032] In order to solve the problem of easy disassembly; Figure 3 As shown, a key-shaped groove 10 is formed on the inner wall of the transition shaft 2, and a key-shaped protrusion 12 is welded on the outer wall of the driven shaft 3. The key-shaped protrusion 12 is loosely matched with the key-shaped groove 10, and a limit spring 11 is fixed on the outer wall of the key-shaped protrusion 12 for limiting the end face of the transition shaft 2.

[0033] During installation and disassembly, the limit spring 11 can be removed, and the transition shaft 2 can slide along the axis relative to the driven shaft 3, so that the driving shaft 1 and the transition shaft 2 can be coaxial, and the limit cam 9 can be inserted into and removed from the transition shaft 2, and then the limit spring 11 can be installed to limit the transition shaft 2.

[0034] The device configures the entire transmission shaft into a combination of a driving shaft 1, a transition shaft 2, and a driven shaft 3, utilizes the engagement of a pawl 6 to realize the transmission between the driving shaft 1 and the transition shaft 2, and utilizes the cooperation of a key-shaped groove 10 and a key-shaped protrusion 12 to realize the transmission between the transition shaft 2 and the driven shaft 3, thereby ensuring reliable transmission while conveniently combining and disassembling the driving shaft 1, the transition shaft 2, and the driven shaft 3.

[0035] Since the driving shaft 1 rotates, the piezoelectric ceramic 7 also rotates, and the energy recovery unit 4 is fixed, which makes it difficult to arrange the electrical connection wires between the energy recovery unit 4 and the piezoelectric ceramic 7. In order to solve this problem; Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the outer wall of the driving shaft 1 is provided with an electric coupling component 5, and the electric coupling component 5 includes a protective shell 17 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft 1 and two conductive sheets 13 located inside the protective shell 17 and fixed to the outer wall of the driving shaft 1, the driving shaft 1 and the conductive sheets 13 are insulated from each other, a connecting block 15 is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the protective shell 17, the connecting block 15 is fixedly connected to the energy recovery part 4, and the inner wall of the connecting block 15 is symmetrically slidably connected with two ball-type electrode heads 14, an insulating spring 16 is provided on the opposite side of the ball-type electrode head 14, the two ball-type electrode heads 14 respectively roll and electrically conduct to match the side walls of the two conductive sheets 13, the ball-type electrode heads 14 are connected to the energy recovery part 4, and the conductive sheets 13 are connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 7.

[0036] The device, by setting up an electrical connection component 5, uses the conductive sheet 13 and the ball-type electrode head 14 as a transition, so that the protective shell 17 and the energy recovery part 4 can rotate relative to each other, while the connecting wires between the conductive sheet 13 and the piezoelectric ceramic 7 and the connecting wires between the ball-type electrode head 14 and the energy recovery part 4 will not have the problem of rotation and entanglement, thereby increasing safety.

[0037] In order to solve the energy storage problem; Figure 5 As shown, the energy recovery unit 4 includes a shell 27 and a plurality of energy storage batteries 19 fixed to the inner wall of the shell 27 , and the ball-type electrode head 14 is connected to the charging terminal of the energy storage battery 19 .

[0038] The side wall of the housing 27 is welded with a mounting ear 20 for connecting the housing 27 to the vehicle body.

[0039] The electric energy generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 7 is finally input into the energy storage battery 19 for energy storage.

[0040] In order to solve the heat dissipation problem; Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the side wall of the shell 27 is provided with an opening and closing door assembly 24, and the interior of the shell 27 is provided with an opening and closing control mechanism 23 for controlling the opening and closing of the opening and closing door assembly 24.

[0041] The opening and closing door assembly 24 is composed of a plurality of doors 29 rotatably connected to the inner wall of a shell 27. The opening and closing control mechanism 23 includes a sliding frame 30 and a piston rod 31. The sliding frame 30 is slidably connected to the shell 27. The side wall of the sliding frame 30 is rotatably connected to a plurality of connecting rods 28. The other end of the connecting rod 28 is rotatably connected to the door 29. The piston rod 31 is fixed to one side of the sliding frame 30, and a piston 33 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 31. The outer wall of the piston 33 is slidably connected to a cylinder body 32 fixed to the shell 27. The end face of the piston 33 is buckled with an auxiliary spring 34, and the other end of the auxiliary spring 34 is buckled to the inner wall of the cylinder body 32.

[0042] The closed inner cavity formed by the cylinder 32 and the piston 33 is filled with a mixed gas of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetroxide.

[0043] Since the energy storage battery 19 needs to work within an appropriate temperature range, when the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is high or low, it will affect the operation of the energy storage battery 19. When the device is in use, when the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is low, the closed inner cavity gas composed of the cylinder 32 and the piston 33 shrinks due to the cold, so that the piston 33 shrinks into the cylinder 32, the sliding frame 30 slides, and the door 29 is pulled to rotate in a closed state through the connecting rod 28. When the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is high, the closed inner cavity gas composed of the cylinder 32 and the piston 33 expands due to the heat, so that the sliding frame 30 is pushed open by the connecting rod 28, and heat dissipation is achieved in conjunction with the movement of the vehicle.

[0044] The device, by providing the door 29, can utilize the rotating opening and closing of the door 29 to realize the functions of low-temperature sealing for heat preservation and high-temperature opening for heat dissipation, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the components in the shell 27. In addition, by providing a drive based on thermal expansion and contraction, the door 29 can be automatically opened and closed according to the temperature in the shell 27, without the participation of electrical components such as sensor controllers, which has high sensitivity and simplifies the control logic.

[0045] In addition, by setting the gas to a mixture of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetroxide, the device can utilize the gas's own characteristics to achieve expansion and contraction when the temperature changes, and can also utilize chemical equilibrium movement to promote expansion and contraction, thereby increasing the overall expansion and contraction coefficient of the gas and ensuring the reliability of control.

[0046] When the present embodiment is in use, the driving shaft 1 transmits the torque to the transition shaft 2 through the ratchet 6, and the transition shaft 2 transmits the torque to the driven shaft 3, and thus to the driving wheels of the vehicle. In the process of driving or braking, the end faces of one group of ratchet 6 are in contact with the piezoelectric ceramic 7, and when the second-order torque vibration is generated, the piezoelectric ceramics 7 on both sides are squeezed respectively, so that the piezoelectric ceramics 7 convert the vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy. By providing the electrical connection component 5 and using the conductive sheet 13 and the ball-type electrode head 14 as a transition, the protective shell 17 and the energy recovery unit 4 can rotate relative to each other, and the connecting wires between the conductive sheet 13 and the piezoelectric ceramic 7 and the connecting wires between the ball-type electrode head 14 and the energy recovery unit 4 will not have the problem of rotation and winding, thereby increasing safety. Therefore, the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 7 is finally input into the energy storage battery 19 for energy storage. At the same time, since the energy storage battery 19 needs to work within an appropriate temperature range, when the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is high or low, it will affect the operation of the energy storage battery 19. When the device is in use, when the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is low, the closed inner cavity gas composed of the cylinder body 32 and the piston 33 shrinks due to the cold, so that the piston 33 shrinks into the cylinder body 32, the sliding frame 30 slides, and the door 29 is rotated by the connecting rod 28 to be in a closed state. When the inner cavity temperature of the shell 27 is high, the closed inner cavity gas composed of the cylinder body 32 and the piston 33 expands due to the heat, so that the sliding frame 30 is pushed open by the connecting rod 28, and heat dissipation is achieved in conjunction with the movement of the vehicle. Example

[0047] A vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery, such as Figure 1 - Fig.10 As shown, in order to solve the problem of coordination between kinetic energy recovery and auxiliary drive in uphill and downhill and acceleration and deceleration states; this embodiment makes the following improvements on the basis of embodiment 1: the energy recovery unit 4 also includes a power generation mechanism 21 and an auxiliary drive mechanism 26 fixed to the bottom of the shell 27, the outer wall of the drive shaft 1 is transmitted and matched with the input shaft of the power generation mechanism 21 through a gear set 18, and the outer wall of the drive shaft 1 is transmitted and matched with the output shaft of the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 through a gear set 25.

[0048] When in the process of accelerating or going uphill, the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 can apply auxiliary torque to the drive shaft 1 through gear set 25, thereby assisting acceleration and going uphill. When in the process of going downhill or decelerating, the excess torque of the drive shaft 1 can be transmitted to the generator 21 through gear set 18 to achieve energy recovery.

[0049] This device, by providing a power generation mechanism 21 and an auxiliary drive mechanism 26, cooperates with the energy storage battery 19, on the one hand, can realize auxiliary drive during acceleration or uphill, ensuring that the vehicle has sufficient torque for moving, and on the other hand, can also recover energy during deceleration or downhill, thereby increasing the energy-saving effect.

[0050] In order to solve the automation control problems, such as Figure 5-Figure 11 As shown: The power generation mechanism 21 includes a generator shell 35 and a generator main shaft 38. The generator shell 35 is fixed to the outer wall of the shell 27. The generator main shaft 38 is transmission-matched with the gear set 18. The outer wall of the generator main shaft 38 is fixed with a generator rotor core 37. The inner wall of the generator shell 35 is fixed with multiple generator stator windings 36 that are connected in series and matched with the generator rotor core 37, and one side of each generator stator winding 36 is electrically connected to an electrode column 39.

[0051] The auxiliary drive mechanism 26 includes an auxiliary drive main shaft 45 and a motor shell 48. The auxiliary drive main shaft 45 is fixed to the outer wall of the shell 27. The motor shell 48 is transmission-matched with the gear set 25. The outer wall of the auxiliary drive main shaft 45 is fixed with a motor rotor core 46. The inner wall of the motor shell 48 is fixed with multiple motor stator windings 47 that are connected in series and matched with the motor rotor core 46, and one side of each of the motor stator windings 47 is electrically connected to the electrode column 2 44.

[0052] The inner wall of the shell 27 is provided with a mode control mechanism 22, and the mode control mechanism 22 includes a counterweight block 42 and two groups of elastic electrode sheets 1 40 and elastic electrode sheets 2 43 respectively fixed on both sides of the counterweight block 42, the counterweight block 42 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell 27, and the sliding direction of the counterweight block 42 and the shell 27 is parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle, the two ends of the counterweight block 42 are buckled with springs 1 41, and the other end of the spring 1 41 is buckled to the inner wall of the shell 27, the elastic electrode sheet 1 40 is in contact with the electrode column 1 39, and the elastic electrode sheet 2 43 is in contact with the electrode column 2 44.

[0053] When the vehicle accelerates or goes uphill, the counterweight 42 slides toward the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 due to the inertial force or the component of gravity along the sliding direction, so that the elastic electrode sheet 43 contacts the electrode column 44. At this time, the entire auxiliary drive mechanism 26 is turned on and started, and an auxiliary drive torque is provided to the drive shaft 1 through the gear set 25. The greater the acceleration or the greater the slope of the uphill slope, the greater the movement distance of the counterweight 42, so that the more motor stator windings 47 are energized, the greater the output power of the entire auxiliary drive mechanism 26, and the greater the output torque.

[0054] When the vehicle decelerates or goes downhill, the counterweight 42 slides toward the side of the generator 21 due to the inertial force or the component of gravity along the sliding direction, so that the elastic electrode sheet 40 contacts the electrode column 39. At this time, the entire generator 21 starts, and the drive shaft 1 transmits the power to the generator main shaft 38 through the gear set 18. Then the generator rotor core 37 cooperates with the generator stator winding 36 to convert energy into electricity and transmit it to the energy storage battery 19 for storage. The faster the deceleration or the greater the downhill slope, the greater the movement distance of the counterweight 42, so that the more generator stator windings 36 are connected to the circuit, the greater the energy recovery power of the entire generator 21, and the greater the resistance provided.

[0055] This device adjusts the working modes of the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 based on the sliding of the counterweight block 42, so that the acceleration and deceleration, uphill and downhill working conditions of the vehicle can be automatically matched with the starting mode of the power generation mechanism 21 or the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 without the need for electronic control. At the same time, based on the setting of multiple generator stator windings 36 and motor stator windings 47, the power of the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 can also be adaptively matched and adjusted with the acceleration and deceleration speeds, uphill and downhill slopes.

[0056] In order to solve the position control problem, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the side wall of the counterweight block 42 is provided with a plurality of slots 50 , and the inner walls of the housing 27 are respectively provided with a group of elastic limiting members 49 that cooperate with the slots 50 .

[0057] The elastic limiting member 49 includes a slide plate 52 slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell 27 and an arc-head clamping rod 53 fixed to the end face of the slide plate 52 and limitedly matched with the clamping slot 50. The other end of the slide plate 52 is buckled with a spring 2 51, and the other end of the spring 2 51 is buckled to the inner wall of the shell 27.

[0058] The force change of the counterweight 42 caused by the acceleration and deceleration speed of the vehicle and the uphill and downhill slopes is a continuous linear process, while the arrangement of the electrode column 1 39 and the electrode column 2 44 is equidistantly arranged, which causes the elastic electrode sheet 1 40 to be located between adjacent electrode columns 1 39 or the elastic electrode sheet 2 43 to be located between adjacent electrode columns 2 44, thereby causing the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 to be unable to work reliably. Based on this, the present device sets an elastic limit member 49 and a slot 50, and uses the elastic limit member 49 to limit the slot 50, so that once the counterweight 42 moves, it will move to the next slot 50 and stop when it cooperates with the elastic limit member 49, thereby reliably limiting the working position of the counterweight 42 and increasing the working reliability of the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26.

[0059] When this embodiment is in use, when the vehicle accelerates or goes uphill, the counterweight 42 is subjected to the component force of inertia or gravity along the sliding direction and slides toward the side of the auxiliary drive mechanism 26, so that the elastic electrode sheet 43 contacts the electrode column 44. At this time, the entire auxiliary drive mechanism 26 is turned on and started, and an auxiliary drive torque is provided to the drive shaft 1 through the gear set 25. The greater the acceleration or the greater the slope of the uphill slope, the greater the movement distance of the counterweight 42, so that the more motor stator windings 47 are energized, the greater the output power of the entire auxiliary drive mechanism 26, and the greater the output torque. When the vehicle decelerates or goes downhill, the counterweight 42 slides toward the side of the generator mechanism 21 due to the inertia force or the component force of gravity along the sliding direction, so that the elastic electrode sheet 40 contacts the electrode column 39. At this time, the entire generator mechanism 21 starts, and the drive shaft 1 transmits the power to the generator main shaft 38 through the gear set 18. Then the generator rotor core 37 cooperates with the generator stator winding 36 to convert the energy into electricity and transmit it to the energy storage battery 19 for storage. The faster the deceleration or the greater the downhill slope, the greater the movement distance of the counterweight 42, so that the more generator stator windings 36 are connected to the circuit, the greater the energy recovery power of the entire generator mechanism 21, and the greater the resistance provided. In addition, due to the acceleration and deceleration speed of the vehicle and the uphill and downhill slopes, the The force change of the counterweight 42 caused by this is a continuous linear process, while the arrangement of the electrode column 1 39 and the electrode column 2 44 is equidistantly arranged, which results in the elastic electrode sheet 1 40 being located between adjacent electrode columns 1 39 or the elastic electrode sheet 2 43 being located between adjacent electrode columns 2 44, thereby causing the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26 to be unable to work reliably. Based on this, the present device sets an elastic limiter 49 and a slot 50, and uses the elastic limiter 49 to limit the slot 50, so that once the counterweight 42 moves, it will move to the next slot 50 and the elastic limiter 49 to cooperate and stop, thereby reliably limiting the working position of the counterweight 42 and increasing the working reliability of the power generation mechanism 21 and the auxiliary drive mechanism 26.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery, comprising a drive shaft (1) drivingly connected to a vehicle driving source, a driven shaft (3) drivingly connected to a vehicle driving wheel, a transition shaft (2) for drivingly connecting the drive shaft (1) and the driven shaft (3), and an energy recovery unit (4) fixed to a vehicle body, characterized in that: The drive shaft (1) is movably plugged into the inner wall of the transition shaft (2) via a limiting convex shaft (9), and a group of ratchet claws (6) are respectively provided on opposite sides of the drive shaft (1) and the transition shaft (2), the two groups of ratchet claws (6) are engaged with each other, and piezoelectric ceramics (7) that match the end faces of the other group of ratchet claws (6) are provided on both sides of the inner walls of the ratchet claws (6) connected to the drive shaft (1), and rubber pads (8) fixed to the inner walls of the ratchet claws (6) are provided on opposite sides of the two piezoelectric ceramics (7), and the power generation end of the piezoelectric ceramics (7) is electrically connected to the energy recovery unit (4).

2. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the transition shaft (2) is provided with a key-shaped groove (10), the outer wall of the driven shaft (3) is welded with a key-shaped protrusion (12), the key-shaped protrusion (12) and the key-shaped groove (10) are clearance-matched, and a limit spring (11) for limiting the end face of the transition shaft (2) is fixed to the outer wall of the key-shaped protrusion (12).

3. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the drive shaft (1) is provided with an electric coupling component (5), and the electric coupling component (5) includes a protective shell (17) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft (1) and two conductive sheets (13) located inside the protective shell (17) and fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft (1), the drive shaft (1) and the conductive sheets (13) are insulated from each other, a connecting block (15) is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the protective shell (17), the connecting block (15) is fixedly connected to the energy recovery part (4), and two ball-type electrode heads (14) are symmetrically slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block (15), an insulating spring (16) is provided on the opposite side of the ball-type electrode head (14), the two ball-type electrode heads (14) respectively roll and electrically conduct to the side walls of the two conductive sheets (13), the ball-type electrode heads (14) are connected to the energy recovery part (4), and the conductive sheets (13) are connected to the piezoelectric ceramic (7).

4. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy recovery unit (4) comprises a housing (27) and a plurality of energy storage batteries (19) fixed to the inner wall of the housing (27); the ball-type electrode head (14) is connected to a charging terminal of the energy storage battery (19).

5. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the housing (27) is provided with an opening and closing door assembly (24), and the interior of the housing (27) is provided with an opening and closing control mechanism (23) for controlling the opening and closing of the opening and closing door assembly (24).

6. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening and closing door assembly (24) is composed of a plurality of doors (29) rotatably connected to the inner wall of a shell (27); the opening and closing control mechanism (23) comprises a sliding frame (30) and a piston rod (31); the sliding frame (30) is slidably connected to the shell (27); a plurality of connecting rods (28) are rotatably connected to the side wall of the sliding frame (30); the other end of the connecting rod (28) is rotatably connected to the door (29); the piston rod (31) is fixed to one side of the sliding frame (30); a piston (33) is fixed to the end of the piston rod (31); the outer wall of the piston (33) is slidably connected to a cylinder (32) fixed to the shell (27); an auxiliary spring (34) is buckled to the end surface of the piston (33); the other end of the auxiliary spring (34) is buckled to the inner wall of the cylinder (32).

7. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mixed gas of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide is injected into the closed inner cavity formed by the cylinder (32) and the piston (33).

8. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy recovery unit (4) further comprises a power generation mechanism (21) and an auxiliary drive mechanism (26) fixed to the bottom of the housing (27); the outer wall of the drive shaft (1) is coupled to the input shaft of the power generation mechanism (21) via a first gear set (18); and the outer wall of the drive shaft (1) is coupled to the output shaft of the auxiliary drive mechanism (26) via a second gear set (25).

9. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power generation mechanism (21) comprises a generator shell (35) and a power generation main shaft (38), wherein the generator shell (35) is fixed to the outer wall of the housing (27), the power generation main shaft (38) is transmission-matched with a gear set (18), a generator rotor core (37) is fixed to the outer wall of the power generation main shaft (38), a plurality of generator stator windings (36) connected in series and matched with the generator rotor core (37) are fixed to the inner wall of the generator shell (35), and one side of each of the generator stator windings (36) is electrically connected to an electrode column (39); The auxiliary drive mechanism (26) comprises an auxiliary drive main shaft (45) and a motor housing (48); the auxiliary drive main shaft (45) is fixed to the outer wall of the housing (27); the motor housing (48) is transmission-matched with the second gear set (25); a motor rotor core (46) is fixed to the outer wall of the auxiliary drive main shaft (45); a plurality of motor stator windings (47) connected in series and matched with the motor rotor core (46) are fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing (48); and one side of each of the motor stator windings (47) is electrically connected to the second electrode column (44); The inner wall of the shell (27) is provided with a mode control mechanism (22), the mode control mechanism (22) comprising a counterweight (42) and two groups of elastic electrode sheets (40) and (43) respectively fixed to two sides of the counterweight (42), the counterweight (42) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell (27), and the sliding direction of the counterweight (42) and the shell (27) is parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle, the two ends of the counterweight (42) are buckled with springs (41), the other end of the springs (41) is buckled to the inner wall of the shell (27), the elastic electrode sheet (40) is in contact with electrode column (39), and the elastic electrode sheet (43) is in contact with electrode column (44).

10. The automobile transmission shaft with kinetic energy recovery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The side wall of the counterweight block (42) is provided with a plurality of groups of slots (50), and the inner wall of the housing (27) is provided with a group of elastic limiting members (49) respectively matched with the slots (50); The elastic limiting member (49) comprises a slide plate (52) slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing (27) and an arc-head clamping rod (53) fixed to the end surface of the slide plate (52) and engaging with the clamping groove (50) in a limiting manner. The other end of the slide plate (52) is buckled with a second spring (51), and the other end of the second spring (51) is buckled to the inner wall of the housing (27).

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