Biomass gasifier capable of regulating and controlling gasification efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel gasification treatment, and discloses a biomass gasification furnace capable of regulating and controlling gasification efficiency, the biomass gasification furnace comprises an external shell, a heating mechanism for heating the gasification furnace is arranged in the external shell, a cooling mechanism is further arranged in the external shell, and the cooling mechanism is connected with the external shell. The refining mechanism is arranged in the external shell and used for cooling the gasification furnace and utilizing waste heat, an adjusting mechanism is further arranged in the external shell and used for adjusting and controlling the reaction efficiency of gasification reaction, and a recycling mechanism for recycling waste residues generated in the reaction is arranged outside the external shell. The gasification gas generated by the reaction is refined and purified, is cooled in the buffer tank, then is introduced into the cyclone separator to remove solid particle impurities and ash in the gasification gas, and then is removed in the refining tank, so that the quality and the safety of the gasification gas are improved, and the potential safety hazard existing in the combustion of the gasification gas is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel gasification disposal, in particular to a biomass gasifier capable of adjusting gasification efficiency. Background Art

[0002] In the field of biomass fuel gasification disposal technology, a biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency is an important equipment. It can convert biomass into combustible gas, providing an important way for energy production. However, in actual application, traditional biomass gasifiers also have some shortcomings.

[0003] In the past, when the biomass gasifier was working, it was difficult to regulate the gasification efficiency. It was often difficult to accurately control the progress of the gasification reaction, resulting in unstable gasification efficiency. At the same time, the traditional gasifier's way of handling waste residues has a low material utilization rate, which affects the gasification conversion efficiency; on the other hand, the gasification gas produced is mostly used directly after simple treatment, which poses many safety hazards.

[0004] At present, most of the biomass gasifiers on the market adopt a more traditional design. Although they can meet basic production needs, under some complex gasification conditions, there are still problems such as low gasification conversion rate and improper waste residue treatment. Moreover, the environmental protection performance and operational stability of traditional gasifiers need to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency, which solves the problems of low gasification conversion rate and potential safety hazards in gasification gas combustion.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency, comprising an external shell, a heating mechanism for heating the gasifier is arranged inside the external shell, a cooling mechanism is also arranged inside the external shell, which is used to cool the gasifier and utilize the waste heat, an adjustment mechanism is also arranged inside the external shell, which is used to adjust the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction, a recovery mechanism for recycling the waste residue produced by the reaction is arranged outside the external shell, a refining mechanism is connected to the outside of the recovery mechanism, which is used to refine the gasified gas produced by the reaction, a pretreatment mechanism for pretreatment of reactants is also arranged outside the external shell, and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the pretreatment mechanism, which is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

[0007] Preferably, the recovery mechanism includes a recovery pipe 1, one end of which is connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell, a screw conveyor is arranged outside the recovery pipe 1, the other end of which is connected to the input end of the screw conveyor, the output end of the screw conveyor is connected to one end of a conveying pipe, the other end of the conveying pipe is connected to a recovery tank, a recovery furnace is arranged outside the recovery tank, one side of the outer wall of the recovery furnace is connected to one end of a recovery pipe 2, the other end of the recovery pipe 2 is connected to a collecting tank, and the side wall of the recovery furnace is connected to one end of a gas pipe 1.

[0008] Preferably, the refining mechanism includes a cache tank, which is arranged on the outside of the external shell, and the side wall of the cache tank is connected to the other end of the gas pipe one, and the side wall of the cache tank is connected to one end of the gas pipe two, and the other end of the gas pipe two is connected to the side of the outer wall of the external shell, and the side wall of the cache tank is connected to the gas pipe three, and a cyclone separator is arranged on the outside of the cache tank, and the cache tank is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator through the gas pipe three, and a refining tank is arranged on the outside of the cache tank, and the refining tank is connected to the cyclone separator through the gas pipe four, and the interior of the refining tank is slidably connected with a pressure plate, and a storage tank is arranged on the outside of the refining tank, and one end of the gas pipe five is connected to one side of the outer wall of the refining tank, and the other end of the gas pipe five is connected to one side of the outer wall of the storage tank, and the outer wall of the refining tank is connected to an exhaust port.

[0009] Preferably, the pretreatment mechanism includes an elevator, which is arranged outside the external shell, a conveyor belt is arranged outside the elevator, a material trough is arranged outside the conveyor belt, a rotating plate is rotatably connected inside the material trough, a power plate is arranged inside the material trough, the power plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the material trough, the side wall of the power plate is fixedly connected to the output end of an electric push rod, and the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the material trough.

[0010] Preferably, the regulating mechanism includes a fan, which is arranged outside the external shell, the output end of the fan is connected to one end of an air intake pipe, the other end of the air intake pipe is connected to an annular air intake pipe, the annular air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell, an regulating component is arranged inside the annular air intake pipe, and a groove is opened on the inner wall of the annular air intake pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment component includes an arc-shaped slide, which is slidably connected to the inner wall groove of the annular air inlet pipe, and a windward plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the arc-shaped slide. The outer wall of the annular air inlet pipe is threadedly connected to a nozzle, and one end of a spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the nozzle, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to an elastic disc, and a liquid bubble is arranged inside the elastic disc, and the interior of the liquid bubble is filled with liquid mercury.

[0012] Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a heating ring, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell, and the outer wall of the heating ring is provided with a small hole, the outer wall of the heating ring is connected to one end of a heat pipe, and the other end of the heat pipe is connected to a burner.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a crane, which is arranged outside the external shell, and a grab is provided at the output end of the crane, and a crusher is provided at the output end of the crane for crushing materials inside the recovery tank, and the auxiliary mechanism includes a buffer box, a funnel is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer box, a blocking door is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer box, and the auxiliary mechanism includes a circular partition door.

[0014] Preferably, the cooling mechanism comprises an air pump, which is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell, the input end of the air pump is connected to the outside, and the output end of the air pump is connected to an air inlet pipe 2.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the external shell is fixedly connected to a support frame, and the burner is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame.

[0016] Working principle: First, the biomass raw materials are sent to the pretreatment mechanism of the gasifier. Here, the raw materials are preliminarily processed and screened, and the crusher on the crane makes the biomass raw materials into smaller particles to facilitate the smooth progress of subsequent reactions. The pretreated biomass is pushed to the other side of the material trough by the electric push rod, sent to the conveyor belt by the grab, and then sent to the buffer box by the elevator. Under the action of the blocking door, the biomass raw materials are sent into the gasifier in batches. Before the reaction starts, the heating mechanism in the external shell starts to work, and the furnace is heated by the burner.As the temperature rises, the air pump of the cooling mechanism starts to work, and transmits heat to the drying area and pyrolysis area of ​​the gasifier through the air inlet pipe 2. The biomass raw material loses its own moisture in the drying area, and then the circular partition door is opened, and the biomass raw material enters the pyrolysis area. In the pyrolysis area, the biomass raw material generates transition products, and then the circular partition door is opened, and the biomass raw material enters the gasification area. At the same time, the fan outside the external shell starts to work, and the air is transported into the annular air inlet pipe through the air inlet pipe 1. After being sprayed by the nozzle on the annular air inlet pipe, the air is fully mixed with the biomass raw material, and the biomass in the gasification area is gradually decomposed, and a gasification reaction occurs. In this process The regulating mechanism plays an important role. When the windward plate is impacted by air, it drives the arc-shaped slide to slide, so that the air in the annular air inlet pipe can enter the nozzle. At the same time, the liquid bubble in the nozzle also plays a regulating role. The liquid bubble is filled with liquid mercury. At a certain temperature, the liquid mercury remains in liquid state, and then continues to absorb heat and converts into gas state. The increase in volume causes the liquid bubble to expand and block the air circulation path in the nozzle. Under the premise of a certain air intake, under the joint action of the heating mechanism and the cooling mechanism, the efficiency and progress of the gasification reaction are controlled by the change of temperature. When the biomass gasification reaction is in progress, the waste slag produced will gradually deposit at the bottom of the furnace. At this time, The recycling mechanism begins to work, and the waste slag is transported to the screw conveyor through the recycling pipe, and then the waste slag is sent to the recycling tank through the screw conveyor. In the recycling tank, the waste slag is crushed by the crusher, and the oxide film covering the surface is broken. Then, it is sent to the recovery furnace by the grab bucket for gasification reaction again, so that the biomass raw materials in the waste slag can be reused. This process realizes the recycling and regasification of waste slag, improves the utilization rate of resources, and reduces the emission of waste. At the same time, the gasification gas produced by the gasification reaction escapes from the furnace. These gasification gases may contain some impurities and harmful substances, which need to be refined. The gasification gas enters the furnace. Enter the buffer tube, cool and enter the cyclone separator, where the solid impurities and ash in the gasified gas are separated, and then the separated gasified gas enters the refining tank, where the adsorbent is placed. After the gasified gas enters the refining tank, the fan outside the refining tank starts to work, ventilating the top of the pressure plate in the refining tank, so that the pressure plate moves down, compressing the gasified gas at the bottom, and increasing the pressure of the gasified gas part. The gas is refined using the principle of pressure swing adsorption. The gas is reversibly adsorbed on the solid adsorbent. Under high pressure, some components in the gas mixture are more easily captured by the adsorbent, while other components are not easily adsorbed, so they can be enriched. When the pressure is reduced, the adsorbed components are desorbed, thereby completing the separation and purification of the gas. The key is to control the selective adsorption and desorption of the gas by the adsorbent through the change of pressure, because the interaction between the gas molecules and the adsorbent determines the strength of the adsorption.Weakly adsorbed gases (such as hydrogen) will preferentially pass through the adsorbent, while strongly adsorbed gases (such as CO2, CH4) will be adsorbed. The refining mechanism finely filters, purifies and separates the gasified gas to remove impurities, moisture and harmful components, so that it can reach higher quality and purity. The refined gasified gas has higher calorific value and stability and can be used more safely. These refined gasified gases can be used for power generation, heating and other purposes, providing energy support for people's production and life. During the working process of the entire gasifier, the cooling mechanism is also constantly working. It uses the waste heat generated by the gasification reaction to heat or provide energy to other links, further improving the efficiency of energy utilization and reducing energy consumption and costs. In addition, the auxiliary mechanism outside the gasifier also provides a guarantee for the smooth progress of the reaction. It includes a crane, a conveyor belt, an elevator and a buffer box to ensure that the various parts of the gasifier operate in coordination and maintain a stable reaction environment.

[0017] The present invention provides a biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention recycles the waste residue produced by the reaction through the design of the recovery mechanism. The waste residue is cooled by the screw conveyor and the recovery tank, and is crushed by the crusher, and then gasified in the recovery furnace to generate gasification gas. This not only reduces the pollution of the waste residue to the environment, but also realizes the reuse of resources, and improves the economic benefits and material conversion rate.

[0019] 2. The present invention refines and purifies the gasified gas produced by the reaction through multiple treatments of the refining mechanism, cools it in a buffer tank, and then passes it into a cyclone separator to remove solid particulate impurities and ash therein, and then removes harmful gases therein in a refining tank, thereby improving the quality and safety of the gasified gas and eliminating the potential safety hazards of gasified gas combustion.

[0020] 3. The present invention operates through a cooling mechanism, fully utilizing the waste heat of the burner in the early stage of the reaction, preheating a portion of the gasifier, and fully utilizing the waste heat of the gasification reaction during the reaction, thereby reducing energy waste, making energy utilization more efficient and environmentally friendly, and reducing production costs.

[0021] 4. The present invention utilizes the effect of the regulating mechanism, whereby the liquid mercury filled in the bubble is in liquid state at room temperature, and converts into gas state after absorbing heat, and its volume increases, thereby reducing the flow path of the gas in the nozzle, resulting in a decrease in the injection rate of the gasifying agent, thereby controlling the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the gasification device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of the refining mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is an internal view of the gasifier of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the recycling mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the cache box in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a display diagram of the adjustment component in the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1. External shell; 2. Recovery pipe 1; 3. Screw conveyor; 4. Conveying pipe; 5. Recovery tank; 6. Recovery furnace; 7. Recovery pipe 2; 8. Collection tank; 9. Gas pipe 1; 10. Buffer tank; 11. Gas pipe 2; 12. Gas pipe 3; 13. Cyclone separator; 14. Refining tank; 15. Gas pipe 4; 16. Pressure plate; 17. Storage tank; 18. Gas pipe 5; 19. Exhaust port; 20. Elevator; 21. Conveyor belt; 22. Material trough; 23. Rotating plate; 24. Power plate; 25. Electric push rod; 26, fan; 27, air inlet pipe one; 28, annular air inlet pipe; 29, adjustment component; 30, groove; 31, arc-shaped slide; 32, windward plate; 33, nozzle; 34, spring; 35, elastic disc; 36, bubble; 37, heating ring; 38, small hole; 39, heat pipe; 40, burner; 41, crane; 42, grab; 43, crusher; 44, buffer box; 45, funnel; 46, barrier door; 47, circular partition door; 48, air pump; 49, air inlet pipe two; 50, support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8The embodiment of the present invention provides a biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency, including an external shell 1, wherein a heating mechanism for heating the gasifier is arranged inside the external shell 1, a cooling mechanism for cooling the gasifier and utilizing the waste heat is also arranged inside the external shell 1, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction is also arranged inside the external shell 1, a recovery mechanism for recovering and utilizing the waste residue produced by the reaction is arranged outside the external shell 1, a refining mechanism is connected to the outside of the recovery mechanism, and the gasification gas produced by the reaction is refined, a pretreatment mechanism for pretreatment of reactants is also arranged outside the external shell 1, and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the pretreatment mechanism, and the auxiliary mechanism is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

[0033] The recovery mechanism includes a recovery pipe 2, one end of which is connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell 1, a screw conveyor 3 is arranged outside the recovery pipe 2, the other end of the recovery pipe 2 is connected to the input end of the screw conveyor 3, the output end of the screw conveyor 3 is connected to one end of a conveying pipe 4, the other end of the conveying pipe 4 is connected to a recovery tank 5, a recovery furnace 6 is arranged outside the recovery tank 5, one side of the outer wall of the recovery furnace 6 is connected to one end of a recovery pipe 7, the other end of the recovery pipe 7 is connected to a collecting tank 8, and the side wall of the recovery furnace 6 is connected to one end of a gas pipe 9.

[0034] Specifically, the waste residue is transported to the screw conveyor 3 through the recovery pipe 2, and then sent to the recovery tank 5 through the action of the screw conveyor 3. In the recovery tank 5, the waste residue is crushed by the crusher 43, and the oxide film covering the surface is broken. Then, the waste residue is sent to the recovery furnace 6 by the grab bucket 42 for gasification reaction again, so that the biomass raw materials in the waste residue can be reused. This process realizes the recovery and re-gasification of the waste residue, improves the utilization rate of resources, and reduces the emission of waste.

[0035] The refining mechanism includes a cache tank 10, which is arranged outside the external shell 1, and the side wall of the cache tank 10 is connected to the other end of the gas pipe 1 9, and the side wall of the cache tank 10 is connected to one end of the gas pipe 2 11, and the other end of the gas pipe 2 11 is connected to the outer wall of the external shell 1, and the side wall of the cache tank 10 is connected to the gas pipe 3 12. A cyclone separator 13 is arranged outside the cache tank 10, and the cache tank 10 is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator 13 through the gas pipe 3 12. A refining tank 14 is arranged outside the cache tank 10, and the refining tank 14 is connected to the cyclone separator 13 through the gas pipe 4 15. A pressure plate 16 is slidably connected inside the refining tank 14, and a storage tank 17 is arranged outside the refining tank 14. One side of the outer wall of the refining tank 14 is connected to one end of the gas pipe 5 18, and the other end of the gas pipe 5 18 is connected to the outer wall of the storage tank 17. The outer wall of the refining tank 14 is connected to an exhaust port 19.

[0036] Specifically, the gasification gas enters the buffer pipe from the furnace, and enters the cyclone separator 13 after cooling. The solid impurities and ash in the gasification gas are separated in the cyclone separator 13, and then the separated gasification gas enters the refining tank 14, in which the adsorbent is placed. After the gasification gas enters the refining tank 14, the fan 26 outside the refining tank 14 starts to work, ventilates the top of the pressure plate 16 in the refining tank 14, moves the pressure plate 16 downward, compresses the gasification gas at the bottom, and increases the pressure of the gasification gas part. The gas is refined by the principle of pressure swing adsorption. The gas is reversibly adsorbed on the solid adsorbent. Under high pressure, some components in the gas mixture are more easily captured by the adsorbent, while other components are not easily adsorbed, so they can be enriched. When the pressure is reduced, the adsorbed components are desorbed, thereby completing the separation and purification of the gas. The key is to control the selective adsorption and desorption of the gas by the adsorbent through the change of pressure. The interaction between the gas molecules and the adsorbent determines the strength of the adsorption. Weakly adsorbed gases (such as hydrogen) will preferentially pass through the adsorbent, while strongly adsorbed gases (such as CO2, CH4) will be adsorbed. The refining mechanism finely filters, purifies and separates the gasified gas to remove impurities, moisture and harmful components to achieve higher quality and purity. The refined gasified gas has higher calorific value and stability and can be used more safely. These refined gasified gases can be used for power generation, heating and other purposes, providing energy support for people's production and life.

[0037] The pretreatment mechanism includes an elevator 20, which is arranged outside the external shell 1. A conveyor belt 21 is arranged outside the elevator 20, and a material trough 22 is arranged outside the conveyor belt 21. The material trough 22 is internally rotatably connected with a rotating plate 23. A power plate 24 is arranged inside the material trough 22. The power plate 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the material trough 22. The side wall of the power plate 24 is fixedly connected to the output end of an electric push rod 25, and the electric push rod 25 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the material trough 22.

[0038] The auxiliary mechanism includes a crane 41, which is arranged outside the external shell 1. A grab bucket 42 is arranged at the output end of the crane 41. A crusher 43 is arranged at the output end of the crane 41, which is used to crush the materials inside the recovery trough 5. The auxiliary mechanism includes a buffer box 44. A funnel 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer box 44. A blocking door 46 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer box 44. The auxiliary mechanism includes a circular partition door 47.

[0039] Specifically, first, the biomass raw materials are sent to the pretreatment mechanism of the gasifier. Here, the raw materials are preliminarily processed and screened, and the crusher 43 on the crane 41 turns the biomass raw materials into smaller particles to facilitate the smooth progress of subsequent reactions. The pretreated biomass is pushed to the other side of the material trough 22 by the electric push rod 25, and sent to the conveyor belt 21 by the grab 42, and then sent to the buffer box 44 through the elevator 20. Under the action of the blocking door 46, the biomass raw materials are sent to the gasifier in batches.

[0040] The adjusting mechanism includes a fan 26, which is arranged outside the external shell 1. The output end of the fan 26 is connected to one end of an air intake pipe 27, and the other end of the air intake pipe 27 is connected to an annular air intake pipe 28. The annular air intake pipe 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell 1. An adjusting component 29 is arranged inside the annular air intake pipe 28, and a groove 30 is opened on the inner wall of the annular air intake pipe 28.

[0041] The adjustment component 29 includes an arc-shaped slide 31, which is slidably connected to the inner wall groove of the annular air inlet pipe 28. A windward plate 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the arc-shaped slide 31. A nozzle 33 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the annular air inlet pipe 28. One end of a spring 34 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the nozzle 33. The other end of the spring 34 is fixedly connected to an elastic disc 35. A liquid bubble 36 is arranged inside the elastic disc 35, and the interior of the liquid bubble 36 is filled with liquid mercury.

[0042] Specifically, the biomass in the gasification zone gradually decomposes and a gasification reaction occurs. In this process, the regulating mechanism plays an important role. When the windward plate 32 is impacted by air, it drives the arc-shaped slide 31 to slide, so that the air in the annular air inlet pipe 28 can enter the nozzle 33. At the same time, the liquid bubble 36 in the nozzle 33 also plays a regulating role. The liquid bubble 36 is filled with liquid mercury. At a certain temperature, the liquid mercury remains in a liquid state, and then continues to absorb heat and converts into a gas state. The increase in volume causes the liquid bubble 36 to expand, blocking the air circulation path in the nozzle 33. Under the premise of a certain air intake, the efficiency and progress of the gasification reaction are controlled by changing the temperature.

[0043] The heating mechanism includes a heating ring 37, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell 1. A small hole 38 is opened on the outer wall of the heating ring 37. The outer wall of the heating ring 37 is connected to one end of a heat pipe 39, and the other end of the heat pipe 39 is connected to a burner 40.

[0044] The cooling mechanism comprises an air pump 48 , which is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell 1 , the input end of the air pump 48 is connected to the outside, and the output end of the air pump 48 is connected to an air inlet pipe 49 .

[0045] A support frame 50 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the external shell 1 , and the burner 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 50 .

[0046] Specifically, before the reaction starts, the heating mechanism in the external shell 1 starts to work, and heats the furnace under the action of the burner 40. As the temperature rises, the air pump 48 of the cooling mechanism starts to work, and transmits heat to the drying area and pyrolysis area of ​​the gasifier through the air inlet pipe 49. During the reaction, the cooling mechanism uses the waste heat generated by the gasification reaction to heat or provide energy for other links, further improving the utilization efficiency of energy and reducing energy consumption and costs.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency, characterized in that: The invention comprises an external shell (1), wherein a heating mechanism for heating a gasifier is arranged inside the external shell (1), a cooling mechanism for cooling the gasifier and utilizing waste heat is also arranged inside the external shell (1), an adjusting mechanism for regulating the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction is also arranged inside the external shell (1), a recycling mechanism for recycling waste residues produced by the reaction is arranged outside the external shell (1), a refining mechanism is connected to the outside of the recycling mechanism, and the gasification gas produced by the reaction is refined, and a pretreatment mechanism for pretreatment of reactants is also arranged outside the external shell (1), and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the pretreatment mechanism, and the auxiliary mechanism is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

2. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery mechanism comprises a recovery pipe (2), one end of which is connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell (1), a screw conveyor (3) is arranged outside the recovery pipe (2), the other end of which is connected to the input end of the screw conveyor (3), the output end of the screw conveyor (3) is connected to one end of a conveying pipe (4), the other end of which is connected to a recovery tank (5), a recovery furnace (6) is arranged outside the recovery tank (5), one side of the outer wall of the recovery furnace (6) is connected to one end of a recovery pipe (7), the other end of which is connected to a collecting tank (8), and the side wall of the recovery furnace (6) is connected to one end of a gas transmission pipe (9).

3. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refining mechanism comprises a buffer tank (10), wherein the buffer tank (10) is arranged outside the external shell (1), the side wall of the buffer tank (10) is connected to the other end of the gas supply pipe 1 (9), the side wall of the buffer tank (10) is connected to one end of the gas supply pipe 2 (11), the other end of the gas supply pipe 2 (11) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell (1), the side wall of the buffer tank (10) is connected to the gas supply pipe 3 (12), a cyclone separator (13) is arranged outside the buffer tank (10), and the buffer tank (10) is connected to the cyclone separator (13) via the gas supply pipe 3 (12). 13), a refining tank (14) is arranged outside the buffer tank (10), the refining tank (14) is connected to the cyclone separator (13) through an air supply pipe (15), a pressure plate (16) is slidably connected inside the refining tank (14), a storage tank (17) is arranged outside the refining tank (14), one end of an air supply pipe (18) is connected to one end of an air supply pipe (18) on one side of the outer wall of the refining tank (14), the other end of the air supply pipe (18) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the storage tank (17), and the outer wall of the refining tank (14) is connected to an exhaust port (19).

4. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment mechanism comprises an elevator (20), the elevator (20) is arranged outside the external shell (1), a conveyor belt (21) is arranged outside the elevator (20), a material trough (22) is arranged outside the conveyor belt (21), a rotating plate (23) is rotatably connected inside the material trough (22), a power plate (24) is arranged inside the material trough (22), the power plate (24) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the material trough (22), the side wall of the power plate (24) is fixedly connected to the output end of an electric push rod (25), and the electric push rod (25) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the material trough (22).

5. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism comprises a fan (26), the fan (26) being arranged outside the external shell (1), the output end of the fan (26) being connected to one end of an air intake pipe (27), the other end of the air intake pipe (27) being connected to an annular air intake pipe (28), the annular air intake pipe (28) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell (1), an regulating component (29) being arranged inside the annular air intake pipe (28), and a groove (30) being provided on the inner wall of the annular air intake pipe (28).

6. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 5, characterized in that: The regulating assembly (29) comprises an arc-shaped sliding plate (31), wherein the arc-shaped sliding plate (31) is slidably connected to a groove on the inner wall of the annular air inlet pipe (28), a windward plate (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the arc-shaped sliding plate (31), a nozzle (33) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the annular air inlet pipe (28), one end of a spring (34) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the nozzle (33), and an elastic disc (35) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring (34), a liquid bubble (36) is arranged inside the elastic disc (35), and the inside of the liquid bubble (36) is filled with liquid mercury.

7. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises a heating ring (37), the heating ring (37) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell (1), the outer wall of the heating ring (37) being provided with a small hole (38), the outer wall of the heating ring (37) being connected to one end of a heat conducting pipe (39), and the other end of the heat conducting pipe (39) being connected to a burner (40).

8. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism comprises a crane (41), the crane (41) being arranged outside the external shell (1), the output end of the crane (41) being provided with a grab bucket (42), the output end of the crane (41) being provided with a crusher (43) for crushing materials inside the recovery tank (5), the auxiliary mechanism comprises a buffer box (44), the inner wall of the buffer box (44) being fixedly connected with a funnel (45), the inner wall of the buffer box (44) being fixedly connected with a blocking door (46), and the auxiliary mechanism comprises a circular partition door (47).

9. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism comprises an air pump (48), the air pump (48) being fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the external shell (1), the input end of the air pump (48) being connected to the external shell (1), and the output end of the air pump (48) being connected to an air intake pipe 2 (49).

10. The biomass gasifier with adjustable gasification efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the external shell (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (50), and the burner (40) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (50).

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