Clamping and positioning method for overall medium-frequency heating and quenching of bearing outer ring

Abstract

The invention provides a clamping and positioning method for overall medium-frequency heating and quenching of a bearing outer ring. The clamping and positioning method comprises the following steps that 1, a supporting ring is installed and positioned, specifically, the center line of the supporting ring is made to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the supporting ring can rotate around the axis of the supporting ring; secondly, the bearing outer ferrule is installed, specifically, the bearing outer ferrule is arranged in the supporting ring in the first step in a sleeved mode, and the outer ferrule and the supporting ring are coaxially arranged; the bearing outer sleeve is sleeved with the supporting ring capable of rotating around the axis of the bearing outer sleeve, the jacking heads capable of applying the elastic acting force to the outer sleeve are arranged in the circumferential direction of the supporting ring, and when the outer sleeve is subjected to induction heating and subsequent quenching cooling, the axis of the outer sleeve can be prevented from deviating even if the outer sleeve is heated to expand; and in the quenching cooling stage, the acting force applied to the outer ferrule by the ejector head is utilized, shape-limited quenching of the ferrule can be achieved, and the problem that deformation of the ferrule is too large is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment tooling for bearing rings, and in particular relates to a clamping and positioning method for the integral medium-frequency heating and quenching of a bearing outer ring. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable green energy, wind energy is increasingly favored by countries around the world. In recent years, the development of high-power wind turbines has put forward higher requirements for bearing rings. The heat treatment of extra-large bearing rings (diameter 1.2m-5m) is a key process in the production of rings. However, due to the large diameter of the rings, the deformation control during the heat treatment process becomes increasingly difficult, the production cycle is long and the cost is high, and it is difficult to guarantee the delivery date, which restricts the development of the industry.

[0003] For example Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat treatment process of the outer ring of the bearing in the prior art. The positioning method is to use a clamp or a positioning device to act on the outer wall position of the outer ring of the bearing so that the outer ring can rotate along its central axis. In this way, the inner wall area of ​​the outer ring can be induction heated during the rotation of the outer ring. However, this clamping and positioning method of the outer ring of the bearing has certain defects in the actual induction heating process. When the outer ring is heat treated, the outer ring will expand in size due to the heat. When its outer diameter becomes larger, it is easy to cause damage to the clamp, and the positioning effect of the outer ring cannot be achieved, thereby causing the problem of the axis deviation of the outer ring, causing the outer ring to move freely, and then causing the distance between the outer ring and the induction heater to change. There are multiple induction heaters. On the one hand, it will cause the area of ​​the inner wall of the outer ring to be heat treated to be unevenly heated and the heat treatment quality is poor. On the other hand, when the axis offset distance is too large, it will cause the induction heater to collide with each other, causing damage to the equipment or product, and prone to safety accidents. In addition, after the induction heating of the ferrule is completed, the ferrule needs to be placed in a quenching medium for cooling. This process will cause the ferrule to shrink rapidly, causing the ferrule to deform too much, which will have a certain impact on subsequent mechanical processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a clamping and positioning method for the integral medium-frequency heating and quenching of the outer ring of a bearing. The outer ring of the bearing is arranged inside a support ring that can rotate around its own axis, and a plug that can apply an elastic force to the outer ring is provided in the circumferential direction of the support ring. When the outer ring is subjected to induction heating and subsequent quenching and cooling, even if the outer ring expands due to heat, the axis of the outer ring can be prevented from being offset, which is beneficial to improving the quality of heat treatment. In the quenching and cooling stage, the force applied to the outer ring by the plug can be used to achieve limited-shape quenching of the ring, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive deformation of the ring.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a clamping and positioning method for the integral medium-frequency heating and quenching of the outer ring of a bearing, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Installation and positioning of the support ring: Make the center line of the support ring perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and enable the support to rotate around its own axis; Step 2, installation of the outer ring of the bearing: sleeve the outer ring of the bearing inside the support ring described in step 1, so that the outer ring and the support ring are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the support ring; Step 3. Positioning of the outer bearing ring: The support ring is evenly provided with mounting screw holes in the circumferential direction, and a plug, a spring and a plug are sequentially installed in the mounting screw holes, wherein the plug is slidably installed in the mounting screw hole, the plug is threadedly connected in the mounting screw hole, the spring is located between the plug and the plug, and one end of the plug can pass through the inner wall of the support ring and extend toward the center; the plug is moved in the mounting screw hole by rotating the plug, so that on the one hand the end of the plug abuts against the outer wall of the bearing outer ring, and on the other hand the spring is compressed and the deformation of all springs is kept the same, thereby completing the clamping and positioning of the bearing outer ring.

[0006] The lower end of the inner wall of the support ring has an axial positioning portion protruding toward the center. In step 2, the lower end of the outer ring of the bearing abuts against the end surface of the axial positioning portion.

[0007] In the step 2, the gap size between the outer wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the support ring is 5-10 mm.

[0008] In the step three, the plug is pre-tightened by a torque wrench so that the spring is compressed, and the pre-tightening force is 50-70 N·m.

[0009] The support ring is also provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes which are evenly distributed and penetrate the side wall of the support ring in the circumferential direction.

[0010] A plurality of water flow grooves are provided on the inner wall of the support ring, and the water flow grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the support ring at an angle relative to the center line of the support ring.

[0011] The mounting screw holes are arranged in three rows along the axis direction of the support ring, and each row has 80 mounting screw holes.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention arranges the outer ring of the bearing inside a support ring that can rotate around its own axis, and arranges a plug that can apply an elastic force to the outer ring in the circumferential direction of the support ring. When the outer ring is subjected to induction heating and subsequent quenching and cooling, even if the outer ring expands due to heat, the axis of the outer ring can be prevented from being offset, which is beneficial to improving the quality of heat treatment. In the quenching and cooling stage, the force applied by the plug to the outer ring can be used to achieve limited quenching of the ring, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive deformation of the ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is an installation structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an installation structure diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an installation structure diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the support ring of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a clamping and positioning diagram for induction heating of the outer ring of a bearing in the prior art.

[0014] Among them: 1. Rotating platform; 2. Support ring; 3. Outer ring; 4. Mounting screw hole; 5. Plug; 6. Spring; 7. Head; 8. Axial positioning part; 9. Water hole; 10. Water flow trough; 11. Fixed sleeve; 12. Horizontal roller; 13. Vertical roller; 14. Induction heater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] As shown in the figure, a method for clamping and positioning the integral medium frequency heating and quenching of the outer ring of a bearing includes the following steps: Step 1: Installation and positioning of the support ring 2: Make the center line of the support ring 2 perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and enable the support ring 2 to rotate around its own axis; The method of making the support ring 2 rotate around its own axis can adopt different methods according to actual needs: For example, in the first embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the support ring 2 can be directly fixed on the rotary platform 1 by bolt connection, and the center of the support ring 2 is aligned so that the center line of the support ring 2 coincides with the center line of the rotary platform 1. In this way, when the rotary platform 1 rotates, the support ring 2 can rotate at the same time, and the support ring 2 rotates around its own axis; In the second embodiment, Figure 2As shown, a fixing sleeve 11 is fixed on the rotary platform 1, and the center line of the fixing sleeve 11 always coincides with the rotation center of the rotary platform 1, so that when the support ring 2 is installed, the step of aligning the center of the support ring 2 can be omitted, and the center positioning of the support ring 2 can be more conveniently achieved, and the support ring 2 only needs to be fixed on the fixing sleeve 11; in this example, in order to achieve the subsequent rotation of the plug 5 and prevent the fixing sleeve 11 from blocking the position of the mounting screw hole 4, a slot is provided at the position of the fixing sleeve 11 relative to the mounting screw hole 4, so that a wrench can be inserted into the mounting screw hole 4; In the third embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, it includes a plurality of horizontal rollers 12 evenly distributed around a vertical center line, each of which can rotate around its own axis, and also includes a plurality of vertical rollers 13 evenly distributed around the same vertical center line, each of which can also rotate around its own axis. The support ring 2 can be mounted on the outside of the plurality of vertical rollers 13, and the inner wall of the support ring 2 is in contact with the vertical rollers 13. The vertical rollers 13 are used to limit the radial direction of the support ring 2. Since both the horizontal rollers 12 and the vertical rollers 13 can rotate, when the support ring 2 is rotated, the purpose of rotating the support ring 2 around its own axis can be achieved.

[0017] Step 2, installation of the outer bearing ring 3: sleeve the outer bearing ring 3 inside the support ring 2 described in step 1, so that the outer ring 3 and the support ring 2 are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the outer ring 3 and the inner wall of the support ring 2; The gap size a between the outer wall of the outer ring 3 and the inner wall of the support ring 2 is 5-10 mm. This setting makes the outer diameter of the outer ring 3 increase after the outer ring 3 expands due to heat. Setting the gap to 5-10 mm can reserve enough space for the expansion of the outer ring 3. Even if the outer ring 3 expands to the limit size, the outer wall of the outer ring 3 will not contact the support ring 2, thereby preventing damage to the ring or the support ring 2. In this example, the lower end of the inner wall of the support ring 2 has an axial positioning portion 8 protruding toward the center. In step two, the lower end of the bearing outer ring 3 abuts against the end face of the axial positioning portion 8. The axial positioning portion 8 is a boss extending inward from the lower side of the support ring 2, and is used for the lower end of the bearing outer ring 3 to abut against the boss to prevent unnecessary contact between the bearing outer ring 3 and other components.

[0018] Step 3, positioning the outer ring 3 of the bearing: mounting screw holes 4 are evenly opened in the circumferential direction of the support ring 2. In this example, the mounting screw holes 4 are opened in three rows along the axial direction of the support ring 2, and the number of mounting screw holes 4 in each row is 80. Different numbers of mounting screw holes 4 can also be designed according to the actual size of the support ring 2. Since the mounting screw holes 4 are evenly distributed on the support ring 2, each position of the outer ring 3 of the bearing is evenly stressed; The plug 7, spring 6 and plug 5 are sequentially installed in the mounting screw hole 4, wherein the plug 7 is slidably installed in the mounting screw hole 4, the plug 5 is threadedly connected in the mounting screw hole 4, the spring 6 is located between the plug 7 and the plug 5, and one end of the plug 7 can pass through the inner wall of the support ring 2 and extend toward the center; the plug 5 is moved in the mounting screw hole 4 by rotating the plug 5, so that on the one hand, the end of the plug 7 abuts against the outer wall of the bearing outer ring 3, and on the other hand, the spring 6 is compressed and the deformation of all the springs 6 is kept the same, thereby completing the clamping and positioning of the bearing outer ring 3.

[0019] Specifically, in step three, the plug 5 is pre-tightened by a torque wrench to compress the spring 6, and the pre-tightening force is 50-70N·m. In this way, the head 7 is used to apply a small force to the outer ring 3 in advance to prevent the problem of axial deviation during rotation. After the outer ring 3 expands due to heat, the spring 6 can be further compressed, so that the outer ring 3 is evenly stressed and its center line is kept unchanged.

[0020] After the outer ring 3 is clamped and positioned, multiple induction heaters 14 are placed close to the internal area to be heated of the bearing outer ring 3, and the outer ring 3 is driven to rotate to achieve induction heating of the outer ring 3. Specifically, in order to further ensure the quality of induction heating of the outer ring 3, the distance between the induction heater 14 and the heated surface (raceway surface) of the outer ring 3 can be controlled to be constant, that is, after the outer ring 3 is heated and expanded, the induction heater 14 can be moved accordingly along the radial direction of the outer ring, wherein the distance between the induction heater 14 and the heated surface of the outer ring 3 can be measured by infrared scanners, infrared trackers, rangefinders and other equipment, and the movement of the induction heater 14 can be controlled by a servo motor. The specific structure and principle belong to conventional means in the prior art and will not be described in detail here; such a setting is to avoid the problem of uneven heating between the outer ring 3 and the induction heater 14 due to the change in the distance after the outer ring 3 is heated and expanded.

[0021] The support ring 2 is also provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 9 which are evenly distributed and penetrate the side wall of the support ring 2 in the circumferential direction. The water-permeable holes 9 are provided so that in the subsequent quenching cooling stage, the cooling medium can pass through the water-permeable holes 9 into the gap between the outer ring 3 and the support ring 2, so as to quickly cool the outer wall of the outer ring 3, accelerate the cooling speed, and avoid deformation problems caused by different cooling speeds at the inner and outer walls of the outer ring 3.

[0022] The inner wall of the support ring 2 is provided with a plurality of water flow grooves 10, which are arranged at an angle relative to the center line of the support ring 2. The water flow grooves 10 are used for the quenching medium to flow along the water flow grooves 10, which can also accelerate the cooling speed.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for clamping and positioning the integral medium frequency heating and quenching of the outer ring of a bearing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Installation and positioning of the support ring: Make the center line of the support ring perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and enable the support to rotate around its own axis; Step 2, installation of the outer ring of the bearing: sleeve the outer ring of the bearing inside the support ring described in step 1, so that the outer ring and the support ring are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the support ring; Step 3. Positioning of the outer bearing ring: The support ring is evenly provided with mounting screw holes in the circumferential direction, and a plug, a spring and a plug are sequentially installed in the mounting screw holes, wherein the plug is slidably installed in the mounting screw hole, the plug is threadedly connected in the mounting screw hole, the spring is located between the plug and the plug, and one end of the plug can pass through the inner wall of the support ring and extend toward the center; the plug is moved in the mounting screw hole by rotating the plug, so that on the one hand the end of the plug abuts against the outer wall of the bearing outer ring, and on the other hand the spring is compressed and the deformation of all springs is kept the same, thereby completing the clamping and positioning of the bearing outer ring.

2. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the inner wall of the support ring has an axial positioning portion protruding toward the center. In step 2, the lower end of the outer ring of the bearing abuts against the end surface of the axial positioning portion.

3. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the gap size between the outer wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the support ring is 5-10 mm.

4. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the plug is pre-tightened by a torque wrench so that the spring is compressed, and the pre-tightening force is 50-70 N·m.

5. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water-permeable holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the support ring and penetrate the side wall of the support ring.

6. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water flow grooves are provided on the inner wall of the support ring, and the water flow grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the support ring at an angle relative to the center line of the support ring.

7. The method for clamping and positioning the bearing outer ring for medium frequency heating and quenching as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting screw holes are arranged in three rows along the axis direction of the support ring, and each row has 80 mounting screw holes.

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