Downhole small ball releasing mechanism and oil and gas resource drilling rig

Abstract

The invention provides an underground small ball release mechanism and an oil and gas resource drilling rig, comprising: a housing having a first accommodating cavity and a release hole which are communicated with each other, the release hole being communicated with the outside of the housing, a step being arranged on the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity; the driving unit is arranged in the first containing cavity and provided with a piston part sliding in the first containing cavity through preset pressure and a transmission part connected with the piston part, the releasing unit is arranged in the first containing cavity in a clearance mode, close to the step and located below the piston part, a releasing groove is formed in the face, close to the step, of the releasing unit, and a through hole is formed in the releasing unit; the releasing groove is communicated with the through hole, a ball is placed in a space formed between the releasing groove and the step, and the releasing unit is in transmission connection with the transmission part to drive the releasing unit to rotate until the releasing groove rotates to be aligned with the releasing hole so that the ball can roll out of the shell under pressure. The ball in the shaft is released into the annulus, and the risk that a drilling fluid flowing channel in the shaft is blocked is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas resource drilling, and in particular relates to an underground ball releasing mechanism and an oil and gas resource drilling device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the commonly used downhole control signals mainly include displacement signal, drilling pressure signal, gravity signal, reverse pressure difference signal, ball throwing signal, time signal, etc. The above control signals have been successfully applied in actual downhole control technology. Among them, the ball throwing signal is a widely used downhole control signal. The basic principle of its control is to throw a ball from the ground to the downhole. After the ball reaches the relevant position, it blocks the fluid channel and forms a pressure difference at both ends of the tool. The tool is triggered under the action of the pressure difference. The ball throwing trigger method has been successfully applied on site, but after the ball throwing trigger is completed, the small ball thrown into the wellbore remains in the wellbore, resulting in a reduction in the area of ​​the fluid channel inside the pipe string, increasing the fluid circulation pressure loss, and in severe cases even causing wellbore blockage, increasing drilling risks. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a downhole ball release mechanism, which can release the ball thrown into the wellbore directly into the annulus, that is, outside the shell, to avoid the risk of blockage of the fluid channel inside the wellbore caused by the ball thrown into the wellbore, and is suitable for downhole balls of various sizes and materials. The mechanism completes the release of the ball inside the wellbore through the flow signal trigger, does not contain any stator components, has a simple control method, and has no risk of electronic component failure. Specifically including:

[0004] A shell having a first accommodating cavity and a release hole in communication with each other, wherein the release hole is in communication with the outside of the shell, and a step is provided on the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity;

[0005] a driving unit, disposed in the first accommodating chamber, comprising a piston portion sliding in the first accommodating chamber by a preset pressure, and a transmission portion connected to the piston portion;

[0006] A release unit, a gap is provided in the first accommodating chamber and close to the step, which is located below the piston portion, a release groove is provided on one side of the release unit close to the step, and a through hole is provided in the release unit so that the release groove and the through hole are connected, a ball is placed in the space formed between the release groove and the step, and the release unit is connected to the transmission part to drive the release unit to rotate until the release groove rotates to align with the release hole so that the ball rolls out of the shell under pressure.

[0007] Optionally, the release unit includes a turntable and a rotating part connected to the turntable, the turntable and the rotating part are both provided with the through hole and are connected to each other through the respective through holes, so that the turntable and the rotating part are connected to the first accommodating chamber, the transmission part is connected to the rotating part through transmission, and the release groove is provided on a side of the turntable close to the step.

[0008] Optionally, an arc-shaped slideway is provided on the rotating part, and the transmission part is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slideway.

[0009] Optionally, the piston portion includes a piston, a nozzle and an elastic member, the piston gap is arranged in the first accommodating chamber, the nozzle is arranged in a center hole on the piston, one end of the elastic member is connected to the piston, and the other end is connected to a block provided in the first accommodating chamber, the block has a flow hole to communicate with the through hole through the flow hole, the release unit is blocked by the block on the side away from the elastic member, one end of the transmission portion is connected to the piston, and the other end passes through the block and is transmission-connected to the release unit.

[0010] Optionally, the transmission part includes a connecting rod and the block, a connecting hole is provided on the block, the connecting hole and the circulation hole are arranged at intervals, and the circulation hole is located in the central area of ​​the block, one end of the connecting rod is transmission-connected to the release unit through the connecting hole, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the piston.

[0011] Optionally, the block separates the first accommodating chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, the driving unit is disposed in the first chamber, the releasing unit is disposed in the second chamber, and the step is disposed on an inner wall of the second chamber.

[0012] Optionally, corresponding first and second protrusions are provided on the inner wall of the second chamber, and the space formed by the first and second protrusions and the stop block is used to fix the tail of the release unit, and the space formed by the first and second protrusions and the step is used to fix the head of the release unit.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting rod includes a first rod and a second rod vertically connected to each other, one end of the first rod is connected to the piston, and one end of the second rod is drivingly connected to the release unit.

[0014] Optionally, a thread is provided on the outer wall of the housing to connect with a drill string.

[0015] The present invention also provides an oil and gas resource drilling device, comprising a downhole ball releasing mechanism.

[0016] The downhole ball release mechanism of the present invention, when the flow of drilling fluid into the first accommodating chamber reaches a certain amount, a pressure difference is formed near the piston part in the chamber to push the piston part downward, and the transmission part is driven to move during the downward movement of the piston part, so that the transmission part drives the release unit to rotate until the piston moves down to a specified position, and the rotating release unit drives the ball in the release groove to rotate until the release groove is aligned with the release hole, and the ball rolls from the release hole to the outside of the shell under pressure. The ball inside the wellbore is released into the annulus, avoiding the risk of blockage of the drilling fluid flow channel inside the wellbore, and multiple release mechanisms can be installed to meet the requirements of ball release at different positions.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a downhole ball release mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the piston portion of the downhole ball release mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rotating part of the downhole ball release mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the housing of a downhole ball release mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] A-piston part, B-transmission part, C-drive unit, D-release unit;

[0025] 1-housing, 11-first accommodating cavity, 10-releasing hole, 12-step, 13-first protrusion, 14-second protrusion, 15-thread, 111-first chamber, 112-second chamber;

[0026] 2-piston, 21-center hole;

[0027] 3-nozzle, 4-elastic part;

[0028] 5-connecting rod, 51-first rod, 52-second rod;

[0029] 6-rotating part, 61-arc slideway, 60-through hole;

[0030] 7-turntable, 70-release slot;

[0031] 9-stopper, 90-flow hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as installation, connection and connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a downhole ball release mechanism, including: a shell 1, a drive unit C and a release unit D, the shell 1 has a first accommodating chamber 11 and a release hole 10 that are connected to each other, the release hole 10 is connected to the outside of the shell 1, a step 12 is provided on the inner wall of the first accommodating chamber 11, the drive unit C is arranged in the first accommodating chamber 11, and has a piston part A that slides in the first accommodating chamber 11 by a preset pressure, and a transmission part B connected to the piston part A, the release unit D is gap-arranged in the first accommodating chamber 11 and close to the step 12, and is located below the piston part A, a release groove 70 is provided on one side of the release unit D close to the step 12, the release unit D is provided with a through hole 60, so that the release groove 70 and the through hole 60 are connected, and the through hole 60 can connect the release groove 70 with the outside to create a pressure difference, a ball is placed in the space formed between the release groove 70 and the step 12, and the release unit D is transmission-connected to the transmission part B to drive the release unit D to rotate until the release groove 70 rotates to align with the release hole 10 so that the ball rolls out of the shell 1 under pressure. The ball inside the wellbore is released into the annulus to avoid the risk of blockage of the drilling fluid flow channel inside the wellbore, and multiple release mechanisms can be installed to meet the requirements for releasing balls at different positions. In addition, this mechanism is suitable for the release of downhole balls of various sizes. It should be noted that this mechanism completes the release of the small ball inside the wellbore through the flow signal trigger, does not contain any stator components, has a simple control method, and has no risk of electronic component failure. During the drilling process, multiple release tools can be installed in the tubing to meet the release requirements of downhole balls at different positions; the tools containing this release mechanism used in cementing operations can be made of aluminum alloy material, which is convenient for drilling through the cement plug in the later stage and entering the next drilling.

[0035] Optionally, the outer structure of the shell 1 is a ring shape. Of course, the structural shape of the shell 1 can also be determined according to the actual design scheme, for example, it can also be a rectangular structure, a polygonal structure, an elliptical structure, etc.

[0036] In one embodiment, the release unit D includes a turntable 7 and a rotating part 6 connected to the turntable 7. The turntable 7 and the rotating part 6 are both provided with through holes 60 and are connected to each other through their respective through holes 60, so that the turntable 7 and the rotating part 6 are connected to the first accommodating chamber 11. The transmission part B is in transmission connection with the rotating part 6, and a release groove 70 is provided on a side of the turntable 7 close to the step 12. The rotating part 6 is driven to rotate by the transmission part B, thereby driving the turntable 7 connected thereto to rotate, and the ball in the release groove 70 also rotates on the step 12. When the release groove 70 rotates to the same direction as the release hole 10, since the external pressure is greater than the pressure in the release groove 70, the ball rolls from the release groove 70 to the release hole 10, and then rolls down from the release hole 10 to the outside of the housing 1, thereby releasing the ball.

[0037] like Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment, an arcuate slideway 61 is provided on the rotating part 6, and the transmission part B is slidably connected to the arcuate slideway 61. The transmission part B slides in the arcuate slideway 61, driving the rotating part 6 to rotate, thereby driving the turntable 7 to rotate. It should be noted that the arcuate slideway 61 is a spiral groove, and the transmission part B connected to the piston part A moves in the arcuate slideway 61, that is, the connecting rod 5 moves in the arcuate slideway 61, thereby driving the rotating part 6 to rotate, and then driving the turntable 7 to rotate accordingly.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The piston part A includes a piston 2, a nozzle 3 and an elastic member 4. The piston 2 is provided with a clearance in the first accommodating chamber 11. The nozzle 3 is provided in the center hole 21 provided on the piston 2. One end of the elastic member 4 is connected to the piston 2, and the other end is connected to the stopper 9 provided in the first accommodating chamber 11. The stopper 9 has a flow hole 90 to communicate with the through hole 60 through the flow hole 90. The release unit D is blocked by the stopper 9 on the side away from the elastic member 4. One end of the transmission part B is connected to the piston 2, and the other end passes through the stopper 9 and is transmission-connected to the release unit D. It should be noted that the elastic member 4 is a helical spring, and the center hole 21 of the piston 2 is processed with an internal thread 15 for installing the nozzle 3. The elastic member 4 is installed below the piston 2.

[0039] In addition, when the external fluid enters the first cavity through the shell 1, it will first give pressure to the nozzle 3, and the nozzle 3 will give pressure to the piston 2. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the piston 2 is pushed down and the spring is compressed. During the downward movement of the piston 2, the turntable 7 is driven to rotate through the transmission part B. After the piston 2 moves down to the specified position, the turntable 7 rotates and drives the ball to reach the release hole 10 of the mechanism shell. The release groove 70 of the turntable 7 is connected to the ball release hole 10. Since the drilling fluid pressure in the center hole at the upper end of the shell 1 is higher than the drilling fluid pressure in the annulus, a pressure difference is formed at both ends of the ball. Under the action of the pressure difference, the ball is released into the annulus outside the shell. After the ball is released, the ground reduces the drilling fluid flow, the pressure at both ends of the piston 2 is reduced, and the spring force is greater than the pressure, thereby pushing the piston 2 to move up and reset. This mechanism is suitable for balls of various materials and sizes. The mechanism drives the piston 2 to move up and down through the flow signal to complete the triggering action to realize the release of the ball. The control method is simple and there are no electronic components, which can avoid the risk caused by the failure of electronic components.

[0040] In addition, by adjusting the size of the nozzle 3 and the spring stiffness, different triggering flows are set for the release mechanisms at different installation positions, so that a single trigger can complete the release of a small ball inside a release mechanism at a specified installation position or the simultaneous release of small balls inside multiple release mechanisms. Aluminum alloy materials can be selected for the release tool used in cementing operations, which is convenient for drilling through the cement plug and entering the next drilling.

[0041] Furthermore, the pressure difference at both ends of the piston 2 and the supporting force of the piston 2 supporting spring control the trigger flow of the release tool. The central hole 21 of the piston 2 can be installed with nozzles 3 of different sizes to control the pressure difference at both ends of the piston 2. The piston 2 assembly can be installed with piston 2 springs of different stiffness, so the tool trigger flow can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the nozzle 3 and the stiffness of the piston 2 spring.

[0042] Optionally, two corresponding grooves are provided on the inner wall of the housing 1 for mounting the piston 2. Of course, the piston has a structure that matches the two grooves. For example, the piston 2 has two protrusions that match the two corresponding grooves. The outer wall of the piston 2 and the first accommodating chamber 11 have a gap, so that the piston 2 slides relatively in the two grooves, and the piston 2 can reciprocate in the first accommodating chamber 11. The two grooves can be rectangular structures, or other structures that match the piston 2. The shape of the groove structure needs to be designed in combination with actual conditions.

[0043] Optionally, the piston 2 of the present invention may be a cast iron piston, a steel piston, an aluminum alloy piston, or a combined piston. Of course, a rubber piston may also be used.

[0044] Specifically, since the structural shape of the piston 2 is related to the first accommodating chamber 11, and the first accommodating chamber 11 in the present invention can be an annular structure, the structural shape of the piston 2 is also annular. Of course, if the first accommodating chamber 11 is a rectangular structure, the structural shape of the piston 2 is also a rectangular shape. If the first accommodating chamber 11 is a polygonal structure, the structural shape of the piston 2 is also a corresponding polygon. Other shape structures are not described in detail here.

[0045] Optionally, a truncated cone structure or a quasi-truncated cone structure can be formed between the nozzle 3 on the piston 2 and the piston 2 , and the nozzle 3 is located at the center of the piston 2 .

[0046] Specifically, the nozzle 3 may be an oil-injection burner, and may be a metal nozzle, a plastic nozzle, a ceramic nozzle, or an alloy nozzle.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the piston part A includes a piston 2, a nozzle 3 and a screw. The piston 2 is rotatably arranged in the first accommodating chamber 11. The nozzle 3 is arranged in a center hole 21 on the piston 2. One end of the screw is connected to the piston 2, and the other end of the screw passes through a stopper 9 provided in the first accommodating chamber 11 and is screwed to the rotating part 6 in the release unit D. The stopper 9 has a flow hole 90 to communicate with the through hole 60 through the flow hole 90. One end of the transmission part B is connected to the piston 2, and the other end passes through the stopper 9 and is transmission-connected to the release unit D.

[0048] It should be noted that, when there is no elastic member 4 but it is replaced by a screw, and the external pressure enters from the nozzle 3, under the external pressure, the piston 2 rotates in the first accommodating chamber 11, so that the screw on the piston 2 also rotates, so that the screw can drive the rotating part 6 in the release unit D to rotate, and the screw can replace the transmission part B to drive the rotating part 6 in the release unit D to rotate, so that the turntable 7 also rotates, so that the ball in the release groove 70 also rotates. When the release groove 70 rotates to the same direction as the release hole 10, since the external pressure is greater than the pressure in the release groove 70, the ball rolls from the release groove 70 to the release hole 10, and rolls from the release hole 10 to the outside of the shell 1, so that the ball is released.

[0049] In addition, when the piston 2 needs to be reset, the block 9 can be a magnetic block, and the piston 2 can also be magnetic. The magnetism of the block 9 and the magnetism of the piston 2 repel each other. When the internal pressure is less than the magnetic repulsion, the piston 2 starts to reset.

[0050] It should be noted that the block 9 and the piston 2 may be provided with an energized coil. When the piston 2 is reset, the same electricity needs to be supplied to the coils on the block 9 and the piston 2 so that the magnetic forces on the block 9 and the piston 2 are the same, thereby generating a repulsive force. When the piston 2 moves downward, the coils on the block 9 and the piston 2 may be supplied with opposite electricity so that the block 9 and the piston 2 generate an attractive force, thereby making the piston 2 easier to rotate.

[0051] Furthermore, since the piston 2 rotates in the first accommodating chamber 11, that is, it is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first accommodating chamber 11, at this time, when the piston 2 drives the screw to rotate, the rotating part 6 also rotates with the screw, and the turntable 7 connected to the rotating part 6 also rotates, and the ball in the release groove 70 also rotates accordingly. When the release groove 70 rotates to the same direction as the release hole 10, due to the internal and external pressure difference, the ball rolls from the release groove 70 to the release hole 10, and rolls from the release hole 10 to the outside of the shell 1, thereby releasing the ball.

[0052] In one embodiment, the transmission part B includes a connecting rod 5 and a stopper 9. A connecting hole is provided on the stopper 9. The connecting hole and the circulation hole 90 are arranged at intervals, and the circulation hole 90 is located in the central area of ​​the stopper 9. One end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the release unit D through the connecting hole, and the other end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the piston 2. The circulation hole 90 makes a pressure difference between the release groove 70 and the outside of the shell 1, and the ball can be released smoothly under the pressure difference. The stopper 9 can provide support for the elastic member 4. The movement of the piston 2 causes the connecting rod 5 to move. The connecting rod 5 drives the rotating part 6 in the release unit D to rotate, and indirectly drives the turntable 7 to rotate. It should be noted that the stopper 9 is located in the central area of ​​the first accommodating chamber 11 in the shell 1. Since the shell 1 is an annular structure, the stopper 9 can be an annular structure. The outer wall of the stopper 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first accommodating chamber 11, so that the stopper 9 will not slide in the first accommodating chamber 11, thereby providing a force support point for the elastic member 4.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the transmission part B includes a connecting rod 5 and a block 9, a connecting hole is provided on the block 9, the connecting hole and the flow hole 90 are arranged at intervals, and the flow hole 90 is located in the central area of ​​the block 9, one end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the piston 2, and a gear is provided on the end of the connecting rod 5, and the other end of the connecting rod 5 is transmission-connected to the rotating part 6 in the release unit D through the connecting hole, that is, a corresponding gear arranged on the rotating part 6 is engaged with the gear arranged on the end of the connecting rod 5, thereby driving the rotating part 6 in the release unit D to rotate, so that the rotating part 6 drives the turntable 7 to rotate.

[0054] In addition, the structural shape of the stopper 9 is related to the structural shape of the first accommodating cavity 11. For example, if the first accommodating cavity 11 is rectangular, the stopper 9 may also be a structure compatible with the first accommodating cavity 11. Of course, except in special circumstances, the structural shape of the stopper 9 may also be different from the structural shape of the first accommodating cavity 11.

[0055] In one embodiment, the block 9 separates the first accommodating chamber 11 into a first chamber 111 and a second chamber 112, the drive unit C is disposed in the first chamber 111, the release unit D is disposed in the second chamber 112, and the step 12 is disposed on the inner wall of the second chamber 112. The first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 accommodate their respective components, respectively, so that the drive unit C and the release unit D can operate smoothly independently to avoid interference between the components.

[0056] In one embodiment, corresponding first protrusions 13 and second protrusions 14 are provided on the inner wall of the second chamber 112, and the space formed by the first protrusions 13 and second protrusions 14 and the stopper 9 is used to fix the tail of the release unit D, and the space formed by the first protrusions 13 and second protrusions 14 and the step 12 is used to fix the head of the release unit D. The first protrusions 13 and second protrusions 14 are used to fix the head and tail of the release unit D, that is, the rotating part 6 and the turntable 7 can run in their respective spaces, so that the ball can be released smoothly.

[0057] In one embodiment, the connecting rod 5 includes a first rod 51 and a second rod 52 connected perpendicularly to each other, one end of the first rod 51 is connected to the piston 2, and one end of the second rod 52 is transmission-connected to the release unit D. Through the movement of the first rod 51 and the second rod 52, especially the special cooperation between the second rod 52 and the arc-shaped slideway 61 provided on the rotating part 6, when the second rod 52 slides on the arc-shaped slideway 61, the rotating part 6 is rotated at the same time.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, a thread 15 is provided on the outer wall of the housing 1 to connect with the drill string. It should be noted that both ends of the housing are standard drill pipe joint threads 15 to ensure that it can be directly connected to the drill string. According to the ball release requirements, multiple release mechanisms can be installed at different positions of the pipe string to meet the ball release requirements at different positions.

[0059] In addition, multiple ball release mechanisms can be installed at different drill string positions according to measurement requirements. Different trigger flow rates can be set for tools at different installation positions by adjusting the piston nozzle and the piston spring, so that a single trigger can be used to release the ball inside a tool at a specified installation position or to release the balls inside multiple release tools at the same time.

[0060] The mechanism can be made of various materials such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel. The release mechanism used in cementing operations can be made of aluminum alloy, which is convenient for drilling through the cement plug and entering the next drilling.

[0061] The present invention also provides an oil and gas resource drilling device, including a downhole ball releasing mechanism. When the oil and gas resource drilling device is used to transfer the well, it is necessary to release the ball to drive the downhole ball releasing mechanism to release the ball at a predetermined position.

[0062] In summary, the present invention can realize the release of small balls inside the wellbore into the annulus, avoiding the risk of blockage of the drilling fluid flow channel inside the wellbore; the present mechanism is suitable for the needs of releasing downhole balls of various sizes; multiple release tools can be installed in the tubing to meet the requirements of releasing small balls at different positions; the release short circuit used during cementing is made of aluminum alloy material, which is convenient for drilling through the cement race in the later stage and entering the next drilling.

[0063] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0064] When the flow of drilling fluid reaches the predetermined flow inside the shell 1, the pressure difference formed at both ends of the central hole 21 of the piston 2 exceeds the spring force, thereby compressing the spring, so that the spring pushes the piston 2 downward, that is, the piston 2 moves downward relatively in the first accommodating chamber, and the piston 2 moves in the direction close to the rotating part 6. During the downward movement of the piston 2, the connecting rod 5 is also driven to move downward, and the end of the connecting rod 5 slides on the arc-shaped slideway 61 on the rotating part 6, so that the end of the connecting rod 5 gives a driving force to the arc-shaped slideway 61, thereby driving the rotating part 6 to rotate, and the turntable 7 on the rotating part 6 also rotates with the rotating part 6. After the piston 2 moves down to the specified position, the turntable 7 The rotation of the disk 7 drives the ball to be released to rotate to the release hole 10 of the housing of the mechanism, so that the release groove 70 and the ball release hole 10 are aligned, that is, the release groove 70 on the turntable 7 is connected to the ball release hole 10. Since the center hole of the shell 1 is connected to the first accommodating chamber 11, the drilling fluid pressure is higher than the drilling fluid pressure in the annulus, that is, the pressure in the first accommodating chamber 11 is greater than the pressure outside the shell 1, so a pressure difference is formed at both ends of the ball in the release groove 70. The ball is released into the annulus under the action of the pressure difference, that is, the ball moves from the release groove 70 to the release hole 10 under pressure, and the ball is released from the release hole 10 to the outside of the shell 1, thereby completing the release of the ball. After the ball is released, the ground reduces the drilling fluid flow rate, so that the pressure of the center hole entering the first accommodating chamber 11 is reduced, that is, the pressure at both ends of the piston 2 is reduced, and when the spring force is greater than the internal pressure, the spring force pushes the piston 2 to move up and reset. This mechanism is suitable for small balls of various materials and sizes. The mechanism drives the piston 2 to move up and down through the flow signal to complete the triggering action to release the ball. The control method is simple and there are no electronic components, which can avoid the risk of failure of electronic components.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "this embodiment", "in one embodiment", "other embodiments" or "specific example" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0066] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole ball release mechanism, characterized in that: include: A housing (1) having a first accommodating cavity (11) and a release hole (10) which are connected to each other, wherein the release hole (10) is connected to the outside of the housing (1), and a step (12) is provided on the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity (11); a driving unit (C) disposed in the first accommodating chamber (11), comprising a piston portion (A) sliding in the first accommodating chamber (11) by a preset pressure, and a transmission portion (B) connected to the piston portion (A); A release unit (D), a gap is provided in the first accommodating chamber (11) and close to the step (12), and is located below the piston portion (A). A release groove (70) is provided on a side of the release unit (D) close to the step (12), and a through hole (60) is provided in the release unit (D) so that the release groove (70) and the through hole (60) are connected. A ball is placed in the space formed between the release groove (70) and the step (12). The release unit (D) is connected to the transmission portion (B) to drive the release unit (D) to rotate until the release groove (70) rotates to align with the release hole (10) so that the ball rolls out of the shell (1) under pressure.

2. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release unit (D) comprises a turntable (7) and a rotating part (6) connected to the turntable (7); the turntable (7) and the rotating part (6) are both provided with the through hole (60) and are connected to each other through the respective through holes (60), so that the turntable (7) and the rotating part (6) are connected to the first accommodating chamber (11); the transmission part (B) is connected to the rotating part (6) in transmission; and the release groove (70) is provided on a side of the turntable (7) close to the step (12).

3. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: An arc-shaped slideway (61) is provided on the rotating part (6), and the transmission part (B) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slideway (61).

4. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston part (A) comprises a piston (2), a nozzle (3) and an elastic member (4); the piston (2) is gap-arranged in the first accommodating chamber (11); the nozzle (3) is arranged in a central hole (21) provided on the piston (2); one end of the elastic member (4) is connected to the piston (2), and the other end is connected to a block (9) provided in the first accommodating chamber (11); the block (9) has a flow hole (90) so as to communicate with the through hole (60) through the flow hole (90); the release unit (D) is blocked by the block (9) on a side away from the elastic member (4); one end of the transmission part (B) is connected to the piston (2), and the other end passes through the block (9) and is transmission-connected to the release unit (D).

5. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission part (B) comprises a connecting rod (5) and a block (9), wherein a connecting hole is provided on the block (9), wherein the connecting hole and the circulation hole (90) are arranged at intervals, and the circulation hole (90) is located in the central area of ​​the block (9), and one end of the connecting rod (5) is transmission-connected to the release unit (D) through the connecting hole, and the other end of the connecting rod (5) is connected to the piston (2).

6. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The block (9) divides the first accommodating cavity (11) into a first chamber (111) and a second chamber (112); the driving unit (C) is arranged in the first chamber (111); the releasing unit (D) is arranged in the second chamber (112); and the step (12) is arranged on the inner wall of the second chamber (112).

7. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A corresponding first protrusion (13) and a second protrusion (14) are provided on the inner wall of the second chamber (112); a space formed by the first protrusion (13), the second protrusion (14) and the stopper (9) is used to fix the tail of the release unit (D); and a space formed by the first protrusion (13), the second protrusion (14) and the step (12) is used to fix the head of the release unit (D).

8. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod (5) comprises a first rod (51) and a second rod (52) which are vertically connected to each other, one end of the first rod (51) is connected to the piston (2), and one end of the second rod (52) is drivingly connected to the release unit (D).

9. The downhole ball release mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thread (15) is provided on the outer wall of the housing (1) for connecting with a drill string.

10. An oil and gas resource drilling device, characterized in that: It comprises the downhole ball releasing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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