Underground mechanical transmission type anchoring cutting tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground mechanical transmission type anchoring cutting tool which comprises an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part. The anchoring device part comprises an anchoring shell, an anchoring block, an anchoring piston and a push cylinder; the transmission device part comprises an upper outer shell, a transmission piston, a spring, a motor bushing, a transmission motor, a speed reducer, a coupler and a transmission shaft; the cutting part comprises a lower outer shell, a thrust ball bearing and a cutting knife. When the tool is placed at an underground working position, a hydraulic pipeline conveys hydraulic oil into a cavity below the push cylinder and a cavity above the transmission piston, the push cylinder and the transmission piston start to axially move relative to the tool and respectively drive the anchoring piston and the transmission shaft to axially move, and therefore anchoring of the tool and feeding of a cutter are completed. At the moment, the transmission motor starts to work, and the transmission shaft rotates to drive the cutter to cut. And after cutting is completed, the push cylinder and the transmission piston are reset, anchoring is finished, the cutter is withdrawn, and the tool is withdrawn immediately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of downhole tools, and in particular to a downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] Downhole cutting tools are essential equipment in oil and gas production and are widely used in downhole operations, such as casing cutting, drill pipe cutting, production pipe cutting, etc. Their main function is to complete the cutting task underground through mechanical, thermal or chemical means to provide conditions for subsequent operations. Such tools usually need to work in harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and highly corrosive fluids, which places high demands on the performance, durability, and ease of operation of the tools.

[0003] At present, common downhole cutting tools mainly include mechanical cutting, deflagration cutting and chemical cutting. However, many mechanical and deflagration cutting tools have low cutting accuracy and are prone to damage other downhole equipment. Deflagration cutting and chemical cutting tools have safety hazards, such as explosions or fires in the well during operation. Some high-precision cutting tools are expensive and difficult to maintain, which increases the cost of operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at providing an underground mechanical transmission anchor cutting tool, which adopts a mechanical cutting method to improve the performance of the tool and enhance the efficiency and safety of underground operations.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A downhole mechanical transmission type anchoring and cutting tool comprises an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part.

[0007] The anchoring device part includes an anchoring shell, an anchoring block, an anchoring piston, and a push cylinder; the upper end of the anchoring shell is connected to other structures of the tool, and the shell is provided with four slide grooves along the circumferential direction, and slideways are arranged on the left and right sides of the slide grooves; the anchoring block adopts a trapezoidal platform structure, and symmetrically distributed inclined grooves are arranged on the left and right sides, and a T-shaped inclined groove is arranged at the bottom; four bosses are distributed above the anchoring piston, and the bosses cooperate with the T-shaped inclined grooves at the bottom of the anchoring block and can move relative to each other, and the lower part of the anchoring piston is connected to the push cylinder by bolts to form a whole; the upper end of the push cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end through four cylinders; when the push cylinder drives the anchoring piston to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston and the anchoring block move relative to each other, and the anchoring block is pushed out to realize tool anchoring.

[0008] The transmission device part includes an upper outer shell, a transmission piston, a spring, a motor bushing, a transmission motor, a reducer, a coupling, and a transmission shaft; a spring is installed under the transmission piston, and its bottom is connected to the motor bushing; the transmission motor is installed in the motor bushing, and the output shaft of the transmission motor is connected to the reducer, and the output shaft end of the reducer is connected to the transmission shaft through a coupling.

[0009] The cutting part includes a lower outer shell, a thrust ball bearing, and a cutting knife; a through hole is provided at the upper end of the lower outer shell, a cylindrical boss is provided on the outer side thereof and a channel is opened; the number of thrust ball bearings is set to 2, which are installed at the upper and lower positions of the cylindrical boss of the lower outer shell; the cutting knife is installed in the channel of the lower outer shell through an axle pin.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the number of the anchor blocks is set to 4, which are distributed in the slide groove of the anchor shell and cooperate with the slideway; the inclined grooves on the left and right and below the anchor block respectively cooperate with the slideway in the slide groove and the boss on the anchor piston, so the anchor block only undergoes radial movement relative to the anchor shell.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a hollow shaft is arranged at the center of the tool, and the hollow shaft passes through the anchoring shell, the anchoring piston, the push cylinder, the transmission piston and the motor bushing. A hydraulic flow channel is arranged in the hollow shaft, and a hydraulic pipeline is opened in the upper shell body to allow the hydraulic oil to flow through the cavity below the push cylinder and above the transmission piston; a cable is arranged in the hollow shaft, and the cable passes through the motor bushing to provide electrical energy to the transmission motor inside it.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, four circular through holes are opened inside the upper outer shell, and four cylinders in the middle of the push cylinder pass through the through holes, so that the push cylinder can make axial movement inside the shell; two bosses are arranged at the lower part of the upper outer shell, and the cylindrical boss of the lower outer shell is installed between the two bosses to limit the axial movement of the lower outer shell.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when hydraulic oil is input into the cavity above the transmission piston, the transmission piston moves axially downward, and at the same time pushes the motor bushing, the transmission motor, the reducer, the coupling and the transmission shaft to move axially downward. The downward axial movement of the transmission shaft can push the cutting knife to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the upper part of the transmission shaft is set as a Reuleaux triangle, and the lower part is set as a cylinder with a groove in the middle; when the transmission motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the reducer and the coupling, the upper part of the transmission shaft drives the lower outer shell to rotate through the Reuleaux triangle structure, and the lower outer shell only rotates relative to the upper outer shell through the cylindrical boss and the installed thrust ball bearing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The anchor block of the present invention adopts a trapezoidal platform structure, and inclined grooves are provided on both sides and the bottom to facilitate installation and disassembly, and at the same time make the anchoring process more stable; by replacing the anchor block, the tool can be anchored in different well conditions, and the application range is wide.

[0017] 2. The present invention has a compact structure, and hydraulic pipelines and cables are arranged in the hollow shaft at the center, avoiding the need to open pipelines in the tool housing, thereby enhancing the overall strength of the tool and improving the sealing of the device.

[0018] 3. The transmission shaft of the present invention adopts a Leroy triangle structure, which replaces the existing tool that uses a key connection to realize the transmission shaft driving the lower outer shell to rotate, significantly reducing the shearing effect of the torque on the lower outer shell, and improving the strength of the shaft and the performance of the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural details of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A top view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the AA section of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor block of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the push piston of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission shaft of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lower outer shell of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1-anchor housing, 2-anchor block, 3-anchor piston, 4-push cylinder, 5-upper housing, 6-transmission piston, 7-spring, 8-motor bushing, 9-transmission motor, 10-reducer, 11-coupling, 12-transmission shaft, 13-lower housing, 14-thrust ball bearing, 15-cutting knife, 16-hollow shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Example:

[0031] A downhole mechanical transmission anchoring and cutting tool, comprising an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part;

[0032] The anchoring device part includes an anchoring shell 1, an anchoring block 2, an anchoring piston 3, and a push cylinder 4; the upper end of the anchoring shell 1 is connected to other structures of the tool, and the shell is provided with 4 slide grooves along the circumferential direction, and slideways are arranged on the left and right sides of the slide grooves; the anchoring block 2 adopts a trapezoidal platform structure, and symmetrically distributed inclined grooves are arranged on the left and right sides, and a T-shaped inclined groove is arranged at the bottom; 4 bosses are distributed above the anchoring piston 3, and the bosses cooperate with the T-shaped inclined grooves at the bottom end of the anchoring block 2 and can move relative to each other, and the lower part of the anchoring piston 3 is connected to the push cylinder 4 by bolts to form a whole; the upper end of the push cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end through 4 cylinders; when the push cylinder 4 drives the anchoring piston 3 to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston 3 and the anchoring block 2 move relative to each other, and the anchoring block 2 is pushed out to realize the tool anchoring;

[0033] The number of anchor blocks 2 is set to 4, which are distributed in the slide groove of the anchor shell 1; the left and right inclined grooves of the anchor block 2 respectively cooperate with the slideways in the slide groove, and the anchor block 2 only moves radially relative to the anchor shell 1.

[0034] The transmission device part includes an upper outer shell 5, a transmission piston 6, a spring 7, a motor bushing 8, a transmission motor 9, a reducer 10, a coupling 11, and a transmission shaft 12; the spring 7 is connected to the bottom of the transmission piston 6, and its bottom is connected to the motor bushing 8; the transmission motor 9 is installed in the motor bushing 8, and the output shaft of the transmission motor 9 is connected to the reducer 10, and the output shaft end of the reducer 10 is connected to the transmission shaft 12 through the coupling 11.

[0035] Four round through holes are opened inside the upper outer shell 5, and four cylinders in the middle of the push cylinder 4 pass through the through holes, so that the push cylinder 4 can move axially inside the shell; two bosses are arranged at the lower part of the upper outer shell 5.

[0036] When hydraulic oil is input into the cavity above the transmission piston 6, the transmission piston 6 moves axially downward, and at the same time pushes the motor bushing 8, the transmission motor 9, the reducer 10, the coupling 11 and the transmission shaft 12 to move axially downward.

[0037] The cutting part includes a lower outer shell 13, a thrust ball bearing 14, and a cutting knife 15; a through hole is provided at the upper end of the lower outer shell 13, a cylindrical boss is provided on the outer side thereof and a channel is opened, the cylindrical boss of the lower outer shell 13 is installed between the two bosses of the upper outer shell 15, and the axial movement of the lower outer shell 13 is restricted by the upper outer shell 5; the number of thrust ball bearings 14 is set to 2, which are installed at the upper and lower positions of the cylindrical boss of the lower outer shell 13 to withstand the axial load from the tool; the cutting knife 15 is installed in the channel of the lower outer shell 13 through an axle pin above, and the axial downward movement of the transmission shaft 12 can push the cutting knife 15 to rotate around the axle pin to complete the feeding of the tool.

[0038] A hollow shaft 16 is arranged at the center of the tool, and the hollow shaft 16 passes through the anchoring shell 1, the anchoring piston 3, the push cylinder 4, the transmission piston 6 and the motor bushing 8. A hydraulic flow channel is arranged in the hollow shaft 16, and upper and lower hydraulic pipelines are arranged in the upper shell 5. The lower hydraulic pipeline allows the hydraulic oil to flow through the cavity below the push cylinder 4. The push cylinder 4 moves axially upward under the action of the hydraulic oil to complete the anchoring action. After the anchoring is completed, the upper hydraulic pipeline inputs high-pressure hydraulic oil into the cavity above the push cylinder 4, so that the push cylinder 4 moves downward, thereby completing the anchoring. The hydraulic working mode at the transmission piston is similar to that of anchoring. A cable is arranged in the hollow shaft 16, and the cable passes through the motor bushing 8 to provide electrical energy to the transmission motor 9 inside it.

[0039] The upper part of the transmission shaft 12 is set as a Reuleaux triangle, and the lower part is set as a cylinder with a slot in the middle; the transmission shaft 12 moves axially downward along the tool to push the cutting knife to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool; when the transmission motor 9 drives the transmission shaft 12 to rotate through the reducer 10 and the coupling 11, the upper part of the transmission shaft 12 can drive the lower outer shell 13 to rotate through the Reuleaux triangle structure; the lower outer shell 13 and the upper outer shell 5 can only rotate relative to each other through the cylindrical boss and the thrust ball bearing 14 installed above.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the tool is placed in the underground working position, the hydraulic pipeline arranged in the hollow shaft 16 and the upper housing 5 delivers hydraulic oil to the cavity below the push cylinder 4. The push cylinder 4 moves axially upward relative to the tool under the action of the hydraulic oil, and at the same time drives the anchor piston 3 to move, and pushes out the anchor block 2 to anchor the tool. After the anchoring work is completed, the lower end of the hollow shaft 16 inputs hydraulic oil to the cavity above the transmission piston 6 through the hydraulic pipeline, and the transmission piston 6 then moves axially downward relative to the tool, and at the same time pushes the motor bushing 8, the transmission motor 9, the reducer 10, the coupling 11 and the transmission shaft 12 to move axially downward. The downward axial movement of the transmission shaft 12 pushes the cutter 15 to rotate around the shaft pin to complete the feeding of the tool. After the tool feeding is completed, the transmission motor 9 starts to work, and the transmission shaft 12 is driven to rotate under the action of the reducer 10 and the coupling 11. The rotation of the transmission shaft 12 drives the lower housing 13 and the cutter 15 to rotate at the same time to start cutting. After the cutting work is completed, the pressure on the transmission piston 6 is relieved, and the transmission piston 6 is reset under the action of the spring 7, and the cutting knife 15 is retracted; the hydraulic pipeline of the cavity above the push cylinder 4 inputs high-pressure hydraulic oil, thereby resetting the push cylinder 4 and ending the anchoring.

Claims

1. A downhole mechanical transmission anchor cutting tool, characterized in that: It includes an anchoring device part, a transmission device part and a cutting part; The anchoring device part comprises an anchoring shell (1), an anchoring block (2), an anchoring piston (3), and a push cylinder (4); the upper end of the anchoring shell (1) is connected to other structures of the tool, and the shell is provided with four slide grooves along the circumferential direction, and slideways are arranged on the left and right sides of the slide grooves; the anchoring block (2) adopts a trapezoidal platform structure, and symmetrically distributed inclined grooves are arranged on the left and right sides, and a T-shaped inclined groove is arranged at the bottom; four bosses are distributed above the anchoring piston (3), and the bosses cooperate with the T-shaped inclined grooves at the bottom end of the anchoring block (2) and can move relative to each other, and the lower part of the anchoring piston (3) is connected to the push cylinder (4) by bolts to form a whole; the upper end of the push cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end through four cylinders; when the push cylinder (4) drives the anchoring piston (3) to move upward along the axial direction of the tool, the anchoring piston (3) and the anchoring block (2) move relative to each other, and the anchoring block (2) is pushed out to realize the tool anchoring; The transmission device part comprises an upper outer shell (5), a transmission piston (6), a spring (7), a motor bushing (8), a transmission motor (9), a reducer (10), a coupling (11), and a transmission shaft (12); a spring (7) is installed below the transmission piston (6), and the bottom of the spring (7) is connected to the motor bushing (8); the transmission motor (9) is installed in the motor bushing (8), the output shaft of the transmission motor (9) is connected to the reducer (10), and the output shaft end of the reducer (10) is connected to the transmission shaft (12) through the coupling (11); The cutting part comprises a lower outer shell (13), a thrust ball bearing (14), and a cutting knife (15); a through hole is provided at the upper end of the lower outer shell (13), a cylindrical boss is provided on the outer side thereof and a channel is opened; the number of the thrust ball bearings (14) is set to 2, and they are installed at positions above and below the cylindrical boss of the lower outer shell (13); and the cutting knife (15) is installed in the channel of the lower outer shell (13) through a shaft pin.

2. A downhole mechanical transmission anchor cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow shaft (16) is arranged at the center of the tool. The hollow shaft (16) passes through an anchoring shell (1), an anchoring piston (3), a push cylinder (4), a transmission piston (6) and a motor bushing (8). A hydraulic flow channel is arranged in the hollow shaft (16). A hydraulic pipeline is opened in the upper outer shell (5) so that hydraulic oil can flow through the cavity below the push cylinder (4) and above the transmission piston (6). A cable is arranged in the hollow shaft (16), and the cable passes through the motor bushing (8) to provide electrical energy for the transmission motor (9) inside the hollow shaft (16).

3. The downhole mechanical transmission anchor cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the transmission shaft (12) is configured as a Reuleaux triangle, and the lower part is configured as a cylinder with a groove in the middle; When the transmission shaft (12) moves axially downward along the tool, it pushes the cutting knife (15) to rotate around the shaft pin, thereby completing the feeding of the tool; when the transmission motor (9) drives the transmission shaft (12) to rotate through the reducer (10) and the coupling (11), the upper part of the transmission shaft (12) can drive the lower outer shell (13) to rotate through the Leroy triangle structure; the lower outer shell (13) and the upper outer shell (5) can only rotate relative to each other through the cylindrical boss and the thrust ball bearing (14).

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