Energy supply system based on PVT heat pump

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, and relates to the field of new energy. According to the system, a photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly is connected with an air-cooled heat exchanger and a compressor; one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected with the first three-way valve The first three-way valve is connected with the first expansion valve and the second three-way valve; the first expansion valve is connected with the third three-way valve; the third three-way valve is connected with the fourth three-way valve and the second three-way The fourth three-way valve is connected with the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline. The heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected with the reversing valve through a seventh three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected with the second expansion valve; the second expansion valve is connected with the heat storage water tank; the heat storage water tank is connected with an eighth three-way valve; the eighth three-way valve is respectively connected with the compressor and the reversing valve; the compressor is connected with the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected with the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger. According to the invention, power supply, cold supply, heat supply, hot water supply and triple storage of power storage, heat storage and cold storage can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy, and in particular to an energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic and solar thermal are two technologies that utilize solar energy, each with its own unique advantages and application scenarios. However, these two technologies also face many problems. The main problem of photovoltaics is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is relatively low, at about 20%, and the efficiency will decrease at high temperatures. In addition, photovoltaic panels can only generate electricity and cannot directly utilize the heat of solar energy, and nearly 80% of solar radiation energy is wasted. The average solar energy conversion efficiency of a pure solar thermal system is about 40%, and the efficiency is greatly affected by ambient temperature and radiation intensity. Therefore, in order to better play their respective advantages, the PVT system integrates photovoltaic and solar thermal functions into one system, using solar energy to generate electricity and heat at the same time, which can maximize the use of solar energy resources and significantly improve energy conversion efficiency. In addition, the system takes away the excess heat generated by the photovoltaic module through the heat exchanger, reduces the temperature of the photovoltaic module, and thus improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In particular, the combination of PVT modules and heat pumps can give full play to the advantages of PVT's cogeneration of heat and power and air source heat pumps in efficient and stable heating. It is an efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly solution.

[0003] At present, there are two main types of PVT-coupled heat pump heating systems: systems with water as the heat collection medium (conventional systems) and direct expansion systems with refrigerants as the heat collection medium. Compared with conventional systems, direct expansion PVT heat pump systems reduce energy losses in the intermediate heat exchange link, and use the direct evaporation of refrigerants on the back of photovoltaic modules to absorb heat, which significantly improves the cooling effect of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving the thermal power efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Compared with conventional water-based systems, the system design is relatively simplified because the intermediate heat exchange equipment and pipelines are reduced, reducing the complexity of installation and maintenance. As the system components are reduced, the number of failure points is also reduced accordingly, which improves the reliability and operation stability of the system.

[0004] Direct expansion PVT heat pump system is mainly used in power generation, domestic hot water, heating hot water, and production process hot water. In the application process, direct expansion PVT heat pump system also faces some problems. On the one hand, the system operation efficiency is contradictory to the actual demand scenario of users, that is, when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, the performance coefficient of the cooling and heating system is low. At this time, the energy storage system can well decouple the indoor and outdoor environment from time and space, and solve the problem of contradiction between demand and application. On the other hand, the refrigeration effect of PVT heat pump is poor. Although some systems have refrigeration capacity, that is, through the reverse cycle of the system and the change of the solenoid valve and expansion valve passage, the condensation heat is transferred to the PVT component, and then the heat is dissipated through radiation heat dissipation to the sky and natural convection heat exchange of the air. However, in summer, due to the high temperature of the PVT component, this part of the heat often makes the photovoltaic cell have a higher temperature, reducing the power generation efficiency of the component. At the same time, the condensation temperature and pressure of the system will be greatly increased by the influence of solar radiation energy, and the system operation stability will decrease. In addition, the system cannot recover waste heat, and domestic hot water cannot be obtained during refrigeration, resulting in energy waste.

[0005] Although the ordinary direct expansion PVT heat pump system has certain advantages in energy efficiency and heating management, it still has some major problems:

[0006] 1. Sensitive to outdoor environmental conditions. The performance of the direct expansion heat pump system depends largely on the intensity of solar radiation and ambient temperature. In harsh environmental conditions such as no sun or severe cold, its efficiency will drop significantly, affecting the normal operation of the system. At the same time, the operating efficiency of the energy supply system is inconsistent with the actual needs of users, that is, when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, the performance coefficient of the cooling and heating system is low, and the user's energy demand is contrary to his willingness to use.

[0007] 2. The PVT component area is limited and the pressure bearing capacity is poor. At present, the most widely used technical solution for direct expansion PVT heat pumps is the "blowing plate" absorber / evaporator technical solution, that is, the blowing plate is used as the evaporator and solar absorber of the heat pump. At present, there are three bottleneck problems in the blowing plate: the single plate area is limited and the pressure bearing capacity is low. Due to the processing technology, the maximum size of a single blowing plate is less than 2m 2 , can only meet the needs of a single heat pump water heater. When the power is large, it can only be met by connecting multiple boards in parallel. Due to the limitations of the size of the inflation channel and the process, the pressure of the inflation plate is generally less than 3MPa, and it is easy to burst in the high temperature environment in summer.

[0008] 3. Weak cooling capacity, a system with cooling capacity cannot provide domestic hot water at the same time. When providing cooling in summer, a conventional trigeneration PVT heat pump system with cooling capacity transfers the condensation heat to the PVT components through the reverse cycle of the system and changes in the passage of the solenoid valve and expansion valve, and then dissipates the heat through radiation heat dissipation to the sky and natural convection heat exchange of the air. However, in summer, due to the high temperature of the PVT components, this part of the heat often makes the photovoltaic cells have a higher temperature, reducing the power generation efficiency of the components. At the same time, the condensation temperature and pressure of the system will be greatly increased due to the influence of solar radiation energy, and the system operation stability will decrease. In addition, the conventional system cannot obtain domestic hot water during cooling, and the heat on the condensation side is dissipated as "waste heat", resulting in energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, which can realize power supply, cooling, heating, hot water supply and triple storage of electricity, heat and cold.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0011] A power supply system based on a PVT heat pump, the power supply system comprising: a photovoltaic thermal component, an air-cooled heat exchanger, a compressor, an indoor hot and cold supply terminal, a reversing valve, an expansion valve, a three-way valve, a heat storage and cooling device, and a hot water storage tank; the heat storage and cooling device comprises a heat storage pipeline and a cold storage pipeline; the expansion valve comprises a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve; the three-way valve comprises a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, and an eighth three-way valve;

[0012] The photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger and the compressor respectively; one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the first three-way valve; the first three-way valve is connected to the first expansion valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the first expansion valve is connected to the third three-way valve; the third three-way valve is connected to the fourth three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the fourth three-way valve is connected to the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline respectively; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to one end of the indoor cold and heat supply terminal through the fifth three-way valve; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the other end of the indoor cold and heat supply terminal through the sixth three-way valve; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the reversing valve through the seventh three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the second expansion valve; the second expansion valve is connected to the hot water storage tank; the hot water storage tank is connected to the eighth three-way valve; the eighth three-way valve is connected to the compressor and the reversing valve respectively; the compressor is connected to the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger;

[0013] The photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to a power grid.

[0014] Optionally, the working modes of the energy supply system include a winter heating and hot water supply mode, a summer hot water supply mode and a summer cooling mode; wherein the winter heating and hot water supply mode includes a simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode and a hot water supply only mode; the summer cooling mode includes a summer cooling waste heat recovery mode and a summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode;

[0015] In the winter heating and hot water supply mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank does not reach the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank reaches the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the hot water supply only mode;

[0016] In the summer cooling mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank does not reach the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling waste heat recovery mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank reaches the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode.

[0017] Optionally, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor comes out of the compressor exhaust port and passes through the eighth three-way valve before entering the reversing valve and the hot water storage tank respectively. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank, it flows out of the hot water storage tank and passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant entering the reversing valve enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve, and after flowing out of the heat storage pipeline, it passes through the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the first expansion pipe in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component undergoes heat exchange before flowing into the compressor through the reversing valve to continue the cycle;

[0018] The indoor cooling and heating terminal obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline to provide indoor heating.

[0019] Optionally, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the heating-only mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out of the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the reversing valve, and then enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve, and then flows out of the heat storage pipeline and then passes through the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the first expansion pipe in sequence, and then flows into the photovoltaic thermal component, and then flows into the compressor through the reversing valve after heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, and continues to circulate;

[0020] The indoor cooling and heating terminal obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline to provide indoor heating.

[0021] Optionally, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor comes out of the compressor exhaust port and passes through the eighth three-way valve to enter the heat storage tank. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the heat storage tank, it flows out of the heat storage tank and passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence to flow into the photovoltaic thermal component. After heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, it flows into the compressor through the reversing valve to continue the cycle.

[0022] Optionally, when the working mode of the energy supply system is a summer cooling waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out of the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the hot water storage tank. After the refrigerant performs heat exchange in the hot water storage tank, it flows out of the hot water storage tank, passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, and then flows into the cold storage pipeline. After coming out of the cold storage pipeline, it passes through the seventh three-way valve and then the reversing valve to enter the compressor, and continues to circulate.

[0023] The indoor cooling hot terminal obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling.

[0024] Optionally, when the working mode of the energy supply system is a summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out of the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the reversing valve, and then enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the reversing valve. After heat exchange in the air-cooled heat exchanger, the refrigerant flows out of the air-cooled heat exchanger, passes through the first three-way valve, the first expansion valve, and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, and then flows into the cold storage pipeline. After flowing out of the cold storage pipeline, the refrigerant passes through the seventh three-way valve and then the reversing valve to enter the compressor, and the cycle continues.

[0025] The indoor cooling hot terminal obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling.

[0026] Optionally, the structure of the hot water storage tank is an integrated condensing coil structure.

[0027] Optionally, the photovoltaic thermal assembly includes a plurality of PVT assemblies, an off-grid energy storage inverter, an energy storage battery and a power distribution cabinet;

[0028] Each of the PVT components is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger; each of the PVT components is connected to the off-grid energy storage inverter; the off-grid energy storage inverter is respectively connected to the energy storage battery and the power distribution cabinet; the power distribution cabinet is respectively connected to the power grid and the compressor.

[0029] Optionally, the PVT component is provided with glass, a first layer of EVA film, a PV cell, a second layer of EVA film, a TPT film, a thermal conductive silica gel and a microchannel evaporator layer in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the microchannel evaporator layer includes a plurality of parallel aluminum microchannel flat tubes; one end of each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes is connected to a liquid distributor of the refrigerant, and the corresponding other end is connected to a liquid collector of the refrigerant; the liquid distributor is respectively connected to one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the first three-way valve; the liquid collector is respectively connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the reversing valve; each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes includes a plurality of parallel microchannel rectangular flow channels; the refrigerant flows in the microchannel rectangular flow channel from the end where the liquid distributor is located to the end where the liquid collector is located.

[0030] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0031] The present invention discloses an energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, which is respectively connected to an air-cooled heat exchanger and a compressor through a photovoltaic thermal component; one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to a first three-way valve; the first three-way valve is respectively connected to a first expansion valve and a second three-way valve; the first expansion valve is connected to a third three-way valve; the third three-way valve is respectively connected to a fourth three-way valve and a second three-way valve; the fourth three-way valve is respectively connected to a heat storage pipeline and a cold storage pipeline; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to one end of an indoor hot and cold supply terminal through a fifth three-way valve; the storage The heat pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the other end of the indoor hot and cold supply terminal through the sixth three-way valve; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the reversing valve through the seventh three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the second expansion valve; the second expansion valve is connected to the hot water storage tank; the hot water storage tank is connected to the eighth three-way valve; the eighth three-way valve is connected to the compressor and the reversing valve respectively; the compressor is connected to the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger; the present invention can realize power supply, cooling, heating, hot water supply and triple storage of electricity, heat and cold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cycle process of the energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump provided by the present invention in the winter heating mode;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the PVT assembly provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the cycle process of the energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump provided by the present invention in the summer heating mode;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the waste heat recovery process of the energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump provided by the present invention in the summer cooling mode;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the process of the energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump provided by the present invention not performing waste heat recovery in the summer cooling mode.

[0038] Description of the accompanying symbols:

[0039] 1: PVT component; 2: air-cooled heat exchanger; 3: reversing valve; 4: compressor; 5: heat storage cooling device; 6: indoor heating and cooling terminal; 7: hot water storage tank; 8: first expansion valve; 9: second expansion valve; 10: off-grid energy storage inverter; 11: energy storage battery; 12: power distribution cabinet; 13: low-voltage power grid; 14: first three-way valve; 15: second three-way valve; 16: third three-way valve; 17: fourth three-way valve; 18: fifth three-way valve; 19: sixth three-way valve; 20: seventh three-way valve; 21: eighth three-way valve; 22: temperature sensor; 23: pressure sensor; 24: solar radiation meter; 25: control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, aiming to realize power supply, cooling, heating, hot water supply and triple storage of electricity, heat and cold.

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump in this embodiment includes: a photovoltaic thermal component, an air-cooled heat exchanger 2, a compressor 4, an indoor hot and cold supply terminal 6, a reversing valve 3, an expansion valve, a three-way valve, a heat storage cold device 5 and a hot water storage tank 7; the heat storage cold device 5 includes a heat storage pipeline and a cold storage pipeline; the expansion valve includes a first expansion valve 8 and a second expansion valve 9; the three-way valve includes a first three-way valve 14, a second three-way valve 15, a third three-way valve 16, a fourth three-way valve 17, a fifth three-way valve 18, a sixth three-way valve 19, a seventh three-way valve 20, an eighth three-way valve 21, a temperature sensor 22, a pressure sensor 23, a solar radiation meter 24 and a control system 25. The control system 25 is respectively connected to the compressor 4, the reversing valve 3, the expansion valve, the temperature sensor 22, the pressure sensor 23, and the solar radiation meter 24; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor 23 are both connected to the refrigerant flow channel of the energy supply system.

[0045] Specifically, the compressor 4, as the power source of the component cycle, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor entering the compressor 4 into high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The condenser transfers the heat released by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to water. The indoor cooling and heating terminal 6 is a condenser. This system adopts a fan coil, also known as a condensing coil integrated structure. The expansion valve can reduce the refrigerant pressure so that it enters the evaporator again for circulation. The reversing valve 3 is a four-way reversing valve. The expansion valve is an electronic expansion valve.

[0046] The photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger 2 and the compressor 4 respectively; one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 2 is connected to the first three-way valve 14; the first three-way valve 14 is connected to the first expansion valve 8 and the second three-way valve 15 respectively; the first expansion valve 8 is connected to the third three-way valve 16; the third three-way valve 16 is connected to the fourth three-way valve 17 and the second three-way valve 15 respectively; the fourth three-way valve 17 is connected to the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline respectively; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to one end of the indoor hot and cold supply terminal 6 through the fifth three-way valve 18; the heat storage pipeline The cold storage pipeline is connected to the other end of the indoor cold and hot supply terminal 6 through the sixth three-way valve 19; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the reversing valve 3 through the seventh three-way valve 20; the second three-way valve is connected to the second expansion valve 9; the second expansion valve 9 is connected to the hot water storage tank 7; the hot water storage tank 7 is connected to the eighth three-way valve 21; the eighth three-way valve 21 is respectively connected to the compressor 4 and the reversing valve 3; the compressor 4 is connected to the reversing valve 3; the reversing valve 3 is connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 2; the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the power grid. The power grid is a low-voltage power grid 13.

[0047] In practical applications, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic / solar thermal / air (PV / T / A) three-source photovoltaic direct-drive direct expansion heat pump energy supply system technical solution as a high-efficiency, low-cost, clean power supply / heating / cooling / domestic hot water supply solution. The specific goals and technical approaches to achieve this are as follows:

[0048] PVT components with higher efficiency, lower cost and strong environmental adaptability: Direct expansion PVT components based on parallel flow microchannels solve the problem that traditional PVT heat pumps cannot operate normally under adverse conditions and have low energy efficiency coefficients. This technical solution comprehensively utilizes solar energy and air as heat sources, and uses microchannel flat tube arrays as evaporators / collectors, which can absorb heat from solar radiation and air at the same time. Therefore, even when solar radiation is poor or at night, the system can operate in air source heat pump mode to provide heating and domestic hot water for users. At the same time, photovoltaic power generation can directly drive the compressor to operate off-grid, realizing the integration of photovoltaic storage and supply. The evaporator has a simple structure, no copper tubes, low cost, and is very flexible in size without restrictions, which can exceed 10m 2 Or larger, avoiding the problem of liquid separation and oil return. The pressure can be as high as 5MPa, suitable for environmentally friendly refrigerant systems with higher pressure.

[0049] The system can realize the quadruple supply of power supply / heating / cooling / hot water supply, and has a waste heat recovery system. It can produce domestic hot water while providing cooling for users in summer: the operation modes of the photovoltaic thermal PVT heat pump system include heating mode (heating and domestic hot water supply) and cooling mode (waste heat recovery / non-waste heat recovery state). In the heating mode, since the system is equipped with efficient microchannel PVT components, it ensures that the system can operate stably all day long at night and under harsh working conditions. In the cooling mode, the waste heat recovery loop of the system is turned on, and the condensation waste heat is no longer allocated to the PVT component, but enters the hot water storage tank 7. When the heat storage in the water tank reaches the upper limit, the air-cooled heat exchanger is turned on to dissipate heat.

[0050] The system is equipped with a triple storage device for electricity, cold and heat, which realizes the interaction of indoor and outdoor energy, reduces system energy consumption and improves user comfort. The operation mode of the electricity storage device and the DC direct-drive heat pump compressor 4 can realize the local consumption of solar photovoltaic power and reduce energy waste. The application of cold and heat storage devices can maximize the performance advantages of heat pumps, reduce peak loads and valley filling, and reduce the operation of heat pumps in unfavorable time periods, thereby improving the system performance coefficient and user indoor comfort.

[0051] The specific design solutions include:

[0052] The present invention is mainly composed of five modules: a solar PVT collector / evaporator component (PVT component), a heat pump module, an energy storage (heat storage / cold storage and electricity storage) module, an electricity storage module and an indoor heating / cooling module.

[0053] 1. PVT collector / evaporator assembly. The PVT collector evaporator assembly is a whole formed by combining solar photovoltaic components and photothermal components (microchannel flat tube arrays) using adhesive or lamination technology. When the PVT heat pump system is running in heating mode, the microchannel evaporation plate on the lower layer can absorb the heat from the upper photovoltaic panels and the air, improving the thermal efficiency while cooling the solar panels, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic components and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0054] 2. Heat pump module. The heat pump system is mainly composed of a compressor 4, an evaporator, a condenser and an expansion valve. It works according to the "reverse Carnot" principle. The specific process is: the refrigerant enters the compressor 4 after absorbing heat through phase change in the evaporator. The compressor 4 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and then releases heat in the condenser. The refrigerant after heat exchange is throttled and evaporated and returns to the compressor 4 for the next cycle. In the heating cycle, the heat in the solar thermal conversion and the air is absorbed by the evaporator and introduced into the refrigerant, and the refrigerant transfers the heat to the hot water storage tank 7 or the heat storage device. In this cycle, the PVT component 1 is equivalent to the evaporator, and the hot water storage tank 7 or the heat storage device is the condenser. In the refrigeration cycle, the indoor cooling terminal exchanges heat with the cold storage device to provide cooling for the indoor room. The cold storage device serves as the evaporator of the heat pump system. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cold storage device and is compressed by the compressor 4. It passes through the waste heat recovery loop and enters the hot water storage tank 7 to condense and release heat, thereby completing summer cooling and hot water supply. When the heat in the water tank meets the heating demand and the heat storage reaches the upper limit, the waste heat recovery loop is closed, and the air-cooled heat exchanger is started to dissipate heat as the condensing device.

[0055] 3. Energy storage (heat storage / cold storage) module. The heat (cold) storage device is the core component of the system, and its internal structure design includes heat storage pipelines, heat release pipelines and heat storage medium. For the heat storage module, the heat storage pipeline is connected to the condenser of the PVT heat pump system, and the heat release pipeline is connected to the indoor energy supply terminal. By improving the pipeline distribution of the internal heat exchange medium, the heat storage pipeline and the heat release pipeline are evenly distributed in the cold (heat) storage device. While achieving simultaneous heat storage and release, the uniformity of energy storage and temperature uniformity are improved. Such improvements help to improve the overall performance of the system. Phase change materials can absorb or release a large amount of heat during the phase change process. Using efficient and applicable phase change materials as heat storage media ensures the stability of the temperature of the heat storage medium in the cold (heat) storage device.

[0056] 4. Power storage module. The power storage module is mainly composed of a battery management system, an inverter and a monitoring system. The battery management system monitors and manages the status of the battery unit, including parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, to ensure the safety and efficient operation of the battery. The off-grid energy storage inverter 10 converts the direct current (DC) in the power storage device into alternating current (AC) to supply the heat pump system compressor 4 or other power equipment. The inverter also has a grid-connected function, which can feed back excess electrical energy to the grid to improve energy utilization. At the same time, the optimized and upgraded inverter can manage the charging and discharging process of the battery (energy storage battery 11), intelligently adjust the charging and discharging status according to the power generation of the photovoltaic module and the power demand of the system, and optimize energy distribution. The monitoring system monitors the operating status of the power storage device in real time, and provides reference information and fault warning functions for system operation through data collection and analysis to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0057] 5. Indoor cooling / heating module. The present invention is equipped with a water storage tank 7 with an integrated condenser to provide users with domestic hot water. The indoor energy supply terminal can be a fan coil, a floor heating coil, or a radiator. The indoor energy supply terminal is responsible for transferring the energy stored in the cold (heat) storage device to the room to ensure the comfort and stability of the indoor temperature. The indoor energy supply terminal adopts a one-way flow scheme with top in and bottom out in structure, forming a closed loop with the heat release pipeline in the cold (heat) storage device and ensuring that the bottom height of the indoor energy supply terminal is higher than the cold (heat) storage device. In this way, the heat release loop can operate spontaneously after sensing the temperature change by filling the refrigerant inside, thereby reducing energy consumption. The use of microchannel technology and a radiation heat dissipation system can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency and indoor temperature uniformity, avoiding the problems of poor heat exchange effect and blowing feeling existing in traditional radiators.

[0058] As a specific implementation method, the working modes of the energy supply system include a winter heating and hot water supply mode, a summer hot water supply mode and a summer cooling mode; wherein the winter heating and hot water supply mode includes a simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode and a hot water supply only mode; the summer cooling mode includes a summer cooling waste heat recovery mode and a summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode.

[0059] In the winter heating and hot water supply mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank 7 does not reach the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank 7 reaches the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the hot water supply only mode.

[0060] In the summer cooling mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank 7 does not reach the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling waste heat recovery mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank 7 reaches the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode.

[0061] As a specific implementation mode, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor 4 comes out of the exhaust port of the compressor 4 and passes through the eighth three-way valve 21 and then enters the reversing valve 3 and the hot water storage tank 7 respectively. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank 7, it flows out of the hot water storage tank 7 and passes through the second expansion valve 9, the second three-way valve 15 and the first three-way valve 14 in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant entering the reversing valve 3 enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve 3, and after flowing out of the heat storage pipeline, it passes through the fourth three-way valve 17, the third three-way valve 16 and the first expansion pipe in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component flows into the compressor 4 through the reversing valve 3 after heat exchange, and continues to circulate; the indoor cooling and heating terminal 6 obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline for indoor heating. Specifically, the indoor cooling and heating terminal 6 obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline through the fifth three-way valve 18 and the sixth three-way valve 19 to provide indoor heating.

[0062] As a specific implementation mode, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the heating-only mode, the refrigerant in the compressor 4 comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4, passes through the eighth three-way valve 21, and then enters the reversing valve 3, enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve 3, flows out of the heat storage pipeline, passes through the fourth three-way valve 17, the third three-way valve 16 and the first expansion tube in sequence, and then flows into the photovoltaic thermal component, and then flows into the compressor 4 through the reversing valve 3 after heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, and continues to circulate; the indoor cooling and heating terminal 6 obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline for indoor heating. Specifically, the indoor cooling and heating terminal 6 obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline through the fifth three-way valve 18 and the sixth three-way valve 19 for indoor heating.

[0063] As a specific implementation mode, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor 4 comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4 and passes through the eighth three-way valve 21 to enter the hot water storage tank 7. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank 7, it flows out of the hot water storage tank 7 and passes through the second expansion valve 9, the second three-way valve 15 and the first three-way valve 14 in sequence and then flows into the photovoltaic thermal component. After heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, it flows into the compressor 4 through the reversing valve 3 to continue the cycle.

[0064] As a specific implementation mode, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor 4 comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4 and passes through the eighth three-way valve 21 before entering the hot water storage tank 7. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank 7, it flows out of the hot water storage tank 7 and passes through the second expansion valve 9, the second three-way valve 15, the third three-way valve 16 and the fourth three-way valve 17 in sequence before flowing into the cold storage pipeline. After coming out of the cold storage pipeline, it passes through the seventh three-way valve 20 and then passes through the reversing valve 3 before entering the compressor 4 to continue the cycle; the indoor cold supply hot terminal 6 obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling. Specifically, the indoor cold supply hot terminal 6 obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline through the fifth three-way valve 18 and the sixth three-way valve 19 for indoor cooling.

[0065] As a specific implementation mode, when the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor 4 comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4, passes through the eighth three-way valve 21, enters the reversing valve 3, enters the air-cooled heat exchanger 2 through the reversing valve 3, and after heat exchange in the air-cooled heat exchanger 2, flows out from the air-cooled heat exchanger 2, passes through the first three-way valve 14, the first expansion valve 8, and the fourth three-way valve 17 in sequence, and flows into the cold storage pipeline. After coming out of the cold storage pipeline, it passes through the seventh three-way valve 20 and then passes through the reversing valve 3 to enter the compressor 4, and continues to circulate; the indoor cold supply hot terminal 6 obtains cold from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling. Specifically, the indoor cold supply hot terminal 6 obtains cold from the cold storage pipeline through the fifth three-way valve 18 and the sixth three-way valve 19 for indoor cooling.

[0066] In practical applications, the PVT heat pump energy supply system mainly includes winter heating, summer heating, summer cooling and waste heat recovery, and power supply modes. The choice of various operating modes depends on the user's demand for energy types. The working principles of each working mode are explained below.

[0067] (1) Winter heating mode: When running winter heating and hot water supply mode, Figure 1As shown, the first expansion valve 8 and the second expansion valve 9 are in operation. The flow process of the refrigerant is as follows: after the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor comes out of the exhaust port of the compressor 4, it is divided into two paths through the eighth three-way valve 21 for flow control. One path directly enters the condenser in the heat storage tank 7, and the other path enters the heat storage device through the four-way reversing valve to store heat. At the same time, the indoor heating terminal device and the heat release loop of the heat storage device exchange heat to heat the room. After the heat exchange is completed, the pressure of the two refrigerants is kept equal through the flow regulation of the first three-way valve, ensuring that the refrigerants in the two circuits can be throttled and merged normally through the first expansion valve 8 and the second expansion valve 9, enter the PVT component 1 to absorb heat, and then return to the suction port of the compressor 4, and be compressed by the compressor 4 and discharged from the exhaust port again. When the heat storage tank 7 reaches the set temperature, the water tank circuit of the three-way flow control valve is closed, the second expansion valve 9 is closed, and the heat storage device and the indoor heating terminal circuit still circulate normally according to the above process. This process is the circulation process of the refrigerant in the winter heating mode.

[0068] (2) Summer heating mode: When running in summer hot water supply mode, Figure 3 As shown, the first expansion valve 8 is closed and the second expansion valve 9 is in operation. The flow process of the refrigerant is as follows: after the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4, it passes through the eighth three-way valve 21 to control the flow of the circulation pipeline valve of the hot water storage tank 7 to open only, and enters the condenser in the hot water storage tank 7. After the heat exchange is completed, it passes through the second expansion valve 9 to throttle, enters the PVT component to absorb heat, and then returns to the suction port of the compressor 4, and is compressed by the compressor 4 and discharged from the exhaust port again. This process is the circulation process of the refrigerant in the summer heating mode.

[0069] (3) Summer cooling mode: When running summer cooling and waste heat recovery mode, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second expansion valve 9 is in operation. The flow process of the refrigerant is as follows: after the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor comes out from the exhaust port of the compressor 4, it is controlled by the eighth three-way valve 21 to enter the condenser of the hot water storage tank 7, wherein the air-cooled heat exchanger loop valve is closed. After the heat exchange is completed, the refrigerant is throttled by the second expansion valve 9, enters the cold storage device to absorb heat, and then returns to the suction port of the compressor 4. After being compressed by the compressor 4, it is discharged from the exhaust port again. The indoor cooling terminal obtains cold energy from the cold storage device for indoor cooling. When the hot water storage tank 7 reaches the set temperature, the three-way flow control valve (the eighth three-way valve 21) closes the valve on the water tank loop side, opens the valve on the air-cooled heat exchanger loop side (the four-way reversing valve side), closes the second expansion valve 9, and opens the first expansion valve 8. At this time, waste heat recovery is no longer performed, and the flow process of the refrigerant is as follows: after the refrigerant vapor comes out of the exhaust port of the compressor 4, it is diverted and controlled by the eighth three-way valve 21 and passes through the four-way reversing valve to enter the air-cooled heat exchanger for condensation and heat release, and then throttled by the first expansion valve 8, enters the cold storage device to absorb heat, and then returns to the intake port of the compressor 4, and is compressed by the compressor 4 and discharged from the exhaust port again. These two processes are respectively the circulation processes of the refrigerant in the summer cooling mode with waste heat recovery and the mode without waste heat recovery.

[0070] (4) Power supply mode: When the system is operating in power supply mode, the photovoltaic thermal modules first convert solar radiation energy into direct current (DC), and the off-grid inverter then converts the DC into alternating current (AC) and stores it in the energy storage battery. The energy storage battery supplies power to the compressor and other indoor electrical equipment. When the energy storage battery is full, the excess electricity produced by the photovoltaic thermal modules is sent to the grid through the off-grid inverter.

[0071] As a specific implementation, the photovoltaic thermal assembly includes multiple PVT assemblies 1, an off-grid energy storage inverter 10, an energy storage battery 11 and a distribution cabinet 12; each of the PVT assemblies 1 is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger 2; each of the PVT assemblies 1 is connected to the off-grid energy storage inverter 10; the off-grid energy storage inverter 10 is respectively connected to the energy storage battery 11 and the distribution cabinet 12; the distribution cabinet 12 is respectively connected to the power grid and the compressor 4.

[0072] Specifically, the PVT component 1 is provided with glass, a first layer of EVA film, a PV cell, a second layer of EVA film, a TPT film, a thermal conductive silica gel and a microchannel evaporator layer in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the microchannel evaporator layer includes a plurality of parallel aluminum microchannel flat tubes; one end of each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes is connected to a liquid distributor of the refrigerant, and the corresponding other end is connected to a liquid collector of the refrigerant; the liquid distributor is respectively connected to one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 2 and the first three-way valve 14; the liquid collector is respectively connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 2 and the reversing valve 3; each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes includes a plurality of parallel microchannel rectangular flow channels; the refrigerant flows in the microchannel rectangular flow channel from the end where the liquid distributor is located to the end where the liquid collector is located.

[0073] In practical applications, Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the PVT component, such as Figure 2 As shown, the PVT component 1 includes an external frame, glass, PV cells, EVA film, TPT film and a microchannel evaporator near the bottom. The EVA film and the TPT film bond the various parts of the PVT component 1 together. The EVA film can protect the solar cell, improve the light absorption capacity and structural strength, and extend the service life of the battery. The photovoltaic cell converts the solar radiation energy incident on the surface of the photovoltaic panel into electrical energy and thermal energy, and the thermal energy is transferred to the lower microchannel heat exchanger by heat conduction. The white TPT film can enhance the water resistance of the component, play a good sealing and protective role on the back of the component, and improve the insulation performance of the component. The microchannel evaporator layer is composed of a plurality of parallel aluminum microchannel flat tubes, which are firmly bonded to the TPT layer by high thermal conductivity silicone. The two ends of the flat tube are connected to the refrigerant liquid distribution pipe and the liquid collection pipe. Each flat tube has a plurality of microchannel rectangular flow channels. The cross-sectional size of the microchannel rectangular flow channel is 1mm×1mm. The refrigerant circulation in the flow channel absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic cell and the heat in the air, and transfers the heat to the heat storage device through the heat pump cycle.

[0074] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0075] 1) Improve energy utilization efficiency and realize multifunctional integration of heating, cooling, power supply and hot water supply: The existing PVT heat pump system mainly focuses on a single function, such as power generation or heating, and lacks multifunctional integration and intelligent control. The present invention proposes an integrated solar photovoltaic / solar thermal comprehensive utilization and an air source heat pump system to realize the four-in-one supply of power supply, heating, cooling and hot water supply, and construct a photovoltaic / solar thermal / air three-source energy supply mode with solar energy as the main source and air as the auxiliary source. Photovoltaic power generation directly drives the heat pump system compressor or supplies indoor electrical equipment. The PV / T component serves as the evaporator / collector of the heat pump system. The combination of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the waste heat recovery device simultaneously realizes the system's summer cooling and hot water needs, and energy is maximized.

[0076] 2) Optimize the structure of PVT components and improve system energy efficiency: The direct expansion PV / T heat pump system based on parallel flow microchannels solves the problem that traditional PVT heat pumps cannot operate normally under adverse conditions and have low energy efficiency coefficients. It has a high comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy and air energy. The self-generation and self-use of photovoltaic power enables the system to operate off-grid, reduces the pressure on the power grid, and realizes the local consumption of electricity.

[0077] 3) The system has a triple storage device for cold, heat and electricity storage to achieve energy balance and optimize energy utilization: the system operation efficiency is affected by the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor. When the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, the system efficiency drops significantly, and energy consumption increases when meeting the heat exchange demand. Under extreme high and low temperature conditions, the system's working efficiency is further reduced, and the system may even fail to operate normally. The application of energy storage devices decouples the indoor and outdoor environments from time and space, reducing system energy consumption while meeting heat exchange needs.

[0078] 4) The typical trigeneration system of cold and hot water usually adopts electric heating to provide domestic hot water in the non-heating season, which has high energy consumption. This system recovers the waste heat of condensation to provide domestic hot water, with obvious energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects.

[0079] The present invention relates to a novel energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, which can realize power supply, cooling, heating, hot water supply, and triple storage of electricity, heat and cold, and can realize comprehensive energy utilization by cooperating with a waste heat recovery system. A photovoltaic / solar thermal / air three-source energy supply mode with the sun as the main source and air as the auxiliary source is constructed. Photovoltaic power generation directly drives the compressor of the heat pump system or supplies indoor electrical equipment. The PV / T component serves as the evaporator / collector of the heat pump system to realize solar energy and air energy heating and hot water supply. The combination of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the waste heat recovery device simultaneously realizes the summer cooling and hot water needs of the system, and energy is maximized. In addition, the present invention uses a parallel flow microchannel collector / evaporator and a solar photovoltaic component to combine into a PVT component as a whole through bonding technology. This innovative structure improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, and the environmental adaptability of the component is enhanced, providing a low-cost solution combining solar energy with heat pump technology.

[0080] 3) Intelligent control system: It integrates sensors and controllers to realize real-time monitoring of system operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow. The temperature and pressure sensors send the real-time operating data of the system to the controller. The controller determines the current operating status of the system based on this data and controls the compressor, reversing valve, expansion valve and other components, adjusts the flow direction of the refrigerant and the working status of the components, and enables the system to automatically adjust the heating or cooling mode according to the external environment and user needs, thereby improving energy utilization and user comfort.

[0081] The present invention can realize power supply, cooling, heating, hot water supply, and triple storage of electricity, heat and cold, and realize comprehensive energy utilization with waste heat recovery system. By integrating independently developed microchannel PVT components and heat pump technology, coupling energy storage devices, and adopting innovative operation control strategies, a PVT heat pump energy supply system that can efficiently utilize solar energy, is stable and low-cost is provided, which solves the practical application problems of existing direct expansion PVT heat pump energy supply systems, such as low energy utilization rate, poor environmental adaptability, weak cooling capacity in summer, and inability to recover waste heat to produce domestic hot water. It can meet users' various energy needs and has broad application prospects.

[0082] The present invention adopts innovative operation control strategies including the following three control strategies:

[0083] 1. Multi-source collaborative control strategy integrating solar energy and air source: In heating mode, when solar energy is insufficient or unstable, the system can automatically switch to air source mode. In collaborative mode, the system can dynamically adjust the utilization ratio of the two heat sources according to the current ambient temperature and solar heat collection temperature to achieve efficient utilization of heat sources. In cooling mode, the system turns on the air-cooled radiator to dissipate heat to the air, avoiding the problem of traditional solar heat pump systems dissipating heat to photovoltaic thermal components and affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0084] 2. Expansion valve and compressor operating frequency control strategy: The refrigerant evaporation temperature can be automatically adjusted by controlling the expansion valve opening and the compressor speed. If the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal module is high, the system will increase the expansion valve opening to maintain a high evaporation temperature and refrigerant flow rate, and improve the system performance coefficient. The system can adjust the compressor operating frequency through the control system according to the real-time heat demand and solar radiation intensity. When the solar radiation is strong during the day and the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal module is high, the compressor runs at a lower frequency to achieve the same heating effect, while the compressor can increase the frequency at night or on cloudy days to enhance the heating capacity.

[0085] 3. Heat storage and energy storage control strategy: The heat storage mode gives priority to the use of solar energy. When there is sufficient solar energy, the system will give priority to using solar energy to charge the heat storage device. When the heat storage device is full, the heat pump will stop working. The system can intelligently dispatch the heat in the heat storage device according to the user's hot water demand or heating demand. When the user demand is low, the system will reduce the operation of the heat pump and store the excess heat; when the demand is high, the energy in the heat storage will be used first to reduce the operating load of the PVT heat pump.

[0086] The innovative control strategy of the present invention enables the PVT heat pump energy supply system to have significant advantages over the traditional air source heat pump energy supply system in terms of utilizing solar energy, improving energy efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and meeting users' comprehensive energy needs.

[0087] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0088] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy supply system based on a PVT heat pump, characterized in that: The energy supply system includes: a photovoltaic thermal component, an air-cooled heat exchanger, a compressor, an indoor hot and cold supply terminal, a reversing valve, an expansion valve, a three-way valve, a heat storage and cooling device, and a hot water storage tank; the heat storage and cooling device includes a heat storage pipeline and a cold storage pipeline; the expansion valve includes a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve; the three-way valve includes a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, and an eighth three-way valve; The photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger and the compressor respectively; one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the first three-way valve; the first three-way valve is connected to the first expansion valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the first expansion valve is connected to the third three-way valve; the third three-way valve is connected to the fourth three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the fourth three-way valve is connected to the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline respectively; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to one end of the indoor cold and heat supply terminal through the fifth three-way valve; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the other end of the indoor cold and heat supply terminal through the sixth three-way valve; the heat storage pipeline and the cold storage pipeline are connected to the reversing valve through the seventh three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the second expansion valve; the second expansion valve is connected to the hot water storage tank; the hot water storage tank is connected to the eighth three-way valve; the eighth three-way valve is connected to the compressor and the reversing valve respectively; the compressor is connected to the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger; The photovoltaic thermal heat pump system is connected to a power grid.

2. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working modes of the energy supply system include a winter heating and hot water supply mode, a summer hot water supply mode and a summer cooling mode; wherein the winter heating and hot water supply mode includes a simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode and a hot water supply only mode; the summer cooling mode includes a summer cooling waste heat recovery mode and a summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode; In the winter heating and hot water supply mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank does not reach the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank reaches the first set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the hot water supply only mode; In the summer cooling mode, when the temperature of the hot water storage tank does not reach the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling waste heat recovery mode; when the temperature of the hot water storage tank reaches the second set temperature, the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode.

3. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the working mode of the energy supply system is the simultaneous heating and hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor comes out of the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the reversing valve and the hot water storage tank respectively. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank, it flows out of the hot water storage tank and passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant entering the reversing valve enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve, and after flowing out of the heat storage pipeline, it passes through the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the first expansion pipe in sequence before flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component; the refrigerant flowing into the photovoltaic thermal component undergoes heat exchange and then flows into the compressor through the reversing valve to continue the cycle; The indoor cooling and heating terminal obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline to provide indoor heating.

4. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the working mode of the energy supply system is the heating-only mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out of the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, enters the reversing valve, enters the heat storage pipeline through the reversing valve, flows out of the heat storage pipeline, passes through the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the first expansion pipe in sequence, flows into the photovoltaic thermal component, undergoes heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, and flows into the compressor through the reversing valve to continue the cycle; The indoor cooling and heating terminal obtains heat from the heat storage pipeline to provide indoor heating.

5. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer hot water supply mode, the refrigerant in the compressor comes out of the compressor exhaust port and passes through the eighth three-way valve and then enters the hot water storage tank. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the hot water storage tank, it flows out of the hot water storage tank and passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve and the first three-way valve in sequence and then flows into the photovoltaic thermal component. After heat exchange in the photovoltaic thermal component, it flows into the compressor through the reversing valve and continues the cycle.

6. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer refrigeration waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out from the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the hot water storage tank. After the refrigerant performs heat exchange in the hot water storage tank, it flows out from the hot water storage tank, passes through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, and then flows into the cold storage pipeline. After coming out from the cold storage pipeline, it passes through the seventh three-way valve and then the reversing valve to enter the compressor, and continues to circulate. The indoor cooling hot terminal obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling.

7. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the working mode of the energy supply system is the summer cooling non-waste heat recovery mode, the refrigerant in the compressor flows out from the compressor exhaust port, passes through the eighth three-way valve, and then enters the reversing valve, and then enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the reversing valve. After heat exchange in the air-cooled heat exchanger, it flows out from the air-cooled heat exchanger, passes through the first three-way valve, the first expansion valve, and the fourth three-way valve in sequence, and then flows into the cold storage pipeline. After flowing out from the cold storage pipeline, it passes through the seventh three-way valve and then the reversing valve to enter the compressor, and continues to circulate; The indoor cooling hot terminal obtains cold energy from the cold storage pipeline for indoor cooling.

8. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the hot water storage tank is a condensing coil type integrated structure.

9. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic thermal assembly includes multiple PVT assemblies, an off-grid energy storage inverter, an energy storage battery and a power distribution cabinet; Each of the PVT components is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger; each of the PVT components is connected to the off-grid energy storage inverter; the off-grid energy storage inverter is respectively connected to the energy storage battery and the power distribution cabinet; the power distribution cabinet is respectively connected to the power grid and the compressor.

10. The energy supply system based on the PVT heat pump according to claim 10, characterized in that: The PVT component is provided with glass, a first layer of EVA film, a PV cell, a second layer of EVA film, a TPT film, a thermal conductive silica gel and a microchannel evaporator layer in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the microchannel evaporator layer comprises a plurality of parallel aluminum microchannel flat tubes; one end of each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes is connected to a liquid distributor of the refrigerant, and the corresponding other end is connected to a liquid collector of the refrigerant; the liquid distributor is respectively connected to one end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the first three-way valve; the liquid collector is respectively connected to the other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the reversing valve; each of the aluminum microchannel flat tubes comprises a plurality of parallel microchannel rectangular flow channels; the refrigerant flows in the microchannel rectangular flow channel from the end where the liquid distributor is located to the end where the liquid collector is located.

Images