Unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil permeability coefficient combined tester

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of permafrost permeability coefficients, in particular to an unsaturated unpermafrost and saturated permafrost permeability coefficient combined tester which comprises a testing flat plate, a detachable collecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the testing flat plate, and a rectangular straight frame is arranged on one side of the detachable collecting frame. And the bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame, the detachable collecting frame and the testing flat plate are fixedly connected with a pair of supporting plates. Through the blowing and suction cleaning mechanism and the collision soil vibration mechanism, frozen soil residues falling in the frozen soil sample adding process can be cleaned through cooperation of the top blowing effect and the bottom suction effect of gas and the vibration effect, and the frozen soil residues fall into a detachable collecting frame through a filter screen plate to be collected; according to the device, frozen soil residues are cleaned in time, interference caused in the subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation process is avoided, and therefore interference caused by frozen soil residue factors is reduced, subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation is facilitated, and the testing operation effect is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of permeability coefficient of frozen soil, in particular to a joint tester for permeability coefficient of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil. Background Art

[0002] The permeability coefficient of frozen soil is a key hydrogeological parameter that reflects the ability of fluids to pass through frozen soil. The determination of the permeability coefficient of frozen soil is of great significance for the study of groundwater flow, soil freezing process and engineering applications. In water conservancy projects, understanding the permeability coefficient of frozen soil helps to evaluate the stability of the foundation, as well as predict and prevent engineering problems caused by soil freezing. In the field of environmental science, the study of the permeability coefficient of frozen soil helps to understand the hydrological cycle process in frozen soil areas, and then evaluate the impact of climate change on the ecological environment in frozen soil areas.

[0003] At present, in the process of testing the permeability coefficient of frozen soil, unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples are often selected for joint testing to ensure the adequacy of the test of the permeability coefficient of frozen soil. During the test operation, when the frozen soil samples are added, it is easy for some samples to fall onto the test instrument. If they are not cleaned up in time, it is easy to interfere with subsequent operations, which makes it inconvenient to operate the permeability coefficient of frozen soil, making the test operation effect worse. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a joint tester for permeability coefficient of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses a combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil, comprising a test plate, a detachable collecting frame being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the test plate, a rectangular straight frame being provided on one side of the detachable collecting frame, and a pair of support plates being fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame, the detachable collecting frame and the test plate, a filter screen being embedded in the top end of the test plate, a connecting vertical plate being fixedly connected to the top end of the test plate, a supporting plate being slidably connected to the top end of the test plate, and a docking test mechanism being provided between the top end of the supporting plate and one end of the connecting vertical plate, a blowing and suction cleaning mechanism being provided between the rectangular straight frame and the detachable collecting frame, and a test terminal being fixedly connected to the front end of the rectangular straight frame.

[0007] Preferably, the docking test mechanism includes a pair of metering and collecting cylinders both fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate, the tops of the pair of metering and collecting cylinders are both fixedly connected with a liquid guide tube, and the outer wall of the liquid guide tube is sleeved with a first valve, the tops of the pair of liquid guide tubes are both fixedly connected with a transparent seepage tube, and the tops of the transparent seepage tubes are provided with a cover plate, the inner walls of the transparent seepage tubes are embedded with a plurality of cylindrical refrigerators, the bottom ends of the cover plates are provided with a plurality of cylindrical grooves, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical refrigerator matches the inner diameter of the cylindrical grooves, the tops of the pair of cover plates are both embedded with a docking sleeve, and the bottom ends of the pair of cover plates are both embedded with a temperature sensor, the tops of the pair of docking sleeves are both provided with a liquid storage cylinder, and the first valve, the columnar refrigerator and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the test terminal.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom ends of the pair of liquid storage cylinders are fixedly connected with a telescopic hose, and the bottom ends of the telescopic hoses are fixedly connected with a plug, the outer wall of the plug is sleeved with a second valve, and a pair of first electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected between the top of the second valve and the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder, the outer wall of the plug is in close contact with the inner wall of the docking sleeve, the outer walls of the pair of liquid storage cylinders are fixedly connected to one end of the connecting vertical plate, a transmission stirring mechanism is provided between the top of the rectangular straight frame and the pair of liquid storage cylinders, an air injection shielding mechanism is provided between the outer wall of the pair of second valves and the top of the supporting plate, and the second valve and the first electric telescopic rod are electrically connected to the test terminal.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission stirring mechanism includes a double-axis motor fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular straight frame, a pair of pulleys are provided on the top of the double-axis motor, and the bottom end of the pulley on one side is fixedly connected to the top output end of the double-axis motor, a transmission belt is meshed and connected between the outer walls of the pair of pulleys, the top ends of the pair of liquid storage cylinders are rotatably connected to rotating rods through bearings, the bottom ends of the pulleys on the other side are fixedly connected to the top ends of the rotating rods on one side, the top ends of the pair of rotating rods are respectively sleeved with a first gear and a second gear, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the pair of rotating rods, a collision and soil shaking mechanism is provided between the top end of the rotating rod on the other side and the rear end of the connecting vertical plate, and the double-axis motor is electrically connected to the test terminal.

[0010] Preferably, the blowing and suction cleaning mechanism includes a threaded rod fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the dual-axis motor, the bottom end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the rectangular straight frame through a bearing, the outer wall of the threaded rod is sleeved with a movable plate, and the outer wall of the movable plate is in close contact with the inner wall of the rectangular straight frame, the top and bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame are fixedly connected with connecting elbows, and one end of the connecting elbow located at the bottom is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detachable collecting frame, the inner wall of the connecting elbow located at the bottom is fixedly connected with a breathable spacer, and one end of the connecting elbow located at the top is fixedly connected with a blowing frame.

[0011] Preferably, a threaded hole is drilled on the inner wall of the movable plate, and the movable plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod through the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod.

[0012] Preferably, the collision and soil shaking mechanism includes a rotating extrusion frame, the bottom end of the rotating extrusion frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod located on the other side, the rear end of the connecting vertical plate is fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped fixing rods, and a movable straight plate is sleeved between the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixing rods, and the ends of the movable straight plate close to the connecting vertical plate are respectively fixedly connected to an arc plate and a plurality of knocking hammer rods, and the outer walls of the arc plate are in contact with the outer walls of the rotating extrusion frame, the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixing rods are both sleeved with a first spring, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the connecting vertical plate and the movable straight plate.

[0013] Preferably, the gas injection shielding mechanism includes a pressing rod fixedly connected between a pair of second valve outer walls, the top of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a built-in straight frame, the top of the built-in straight frame is fixedly connected with a push-type control switch, and the bottom end of the pressing rod is in contact with the top of the push-type control switch, the inside of the built-in straight frame is slidingly connected with a magnetic plate, the inner bottom end of the built-in straight frame is fixedly connected with an electromagnet, and the push-type control switch is electrically connected to the electromagnet, a pair of built-in round rods are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the built-in straight frames, a pair of fitting circular holes are drilled in the inner wall of the magnetic plate, and the magnetic plate is sleeved on the outer walls of a pair of built-in round rods through a pair of fitting circular holes, the outer walls of the pair of built-in round rods are both sleeved with a second spring, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner top of the built-in straight frame and the top of the magnetic plate.

[0014] Preferably, the outer walls of a pair of the transparent seepage tubes are each sleeved with a pair of annular plates, the inner walls of the annular plates at the bottom are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube, and the inner walls of the annular plates at the top are slidably connected to the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube, a telescopic airbag is fixedly connected between the pair of annular plates, and the inner wall of the telescopic airbag is in contact with the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube, a heat reflecting layer is provided on the surface of the telescopic airbag, and an insulating layer is provided on the inner wall of the telescopic airbag, an air guide tube is fixedly connected between the bottom ends of the pair of annular plates at the top and the outer wall of the built-in straight frame, and the top end of the air guide tube passes through the bottom end of the annular plates and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic airbag, a second electric telescopic rod is embedded in the rear end of the connecting vertical plate, and one end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one end of the built-in straight frame, and the second electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the test terminal.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] 1. The present invention, through the setting of the docking test mechanism and the gas injection shielding mechanism, can drive the test penetration solution to conduct a joint seepage test on the unsaturated frozen soil and the saturated frozen soil respectively within the same time under a low-temperature constant temperature environment, reduce the influence of environmental factors, ensure the accuracy of the test data, and cooperate with the data acquisition and calculation of the test terminal to obtain accurate permeability coefficients of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil, and the test effect is good.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a docking test mechanism and a transmission stirring mechanism, which can stir the test osmotic solution before the seepage, so that it is not easy to precipitate due to long-term storage, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the concentration of the test osmotic solution and avoiding interference with subsequent seepage test work due to different concentrations of the test osmotic solution, so as to facilitate subsequent seepage test work.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides a blowing and suction cleaning mechanism and a collision and soil vibration mechanism, which can clean the frozen soil residues that fall during the addition of frozen soil samples through the top blowing of gas and the bottom suction effect combined with the vibration effect, so that the residues pass through the filter plate and fall into the detachable collection frame for collection, thereby achieving timely cleaning of the frozen soil residues and avoiding interference in the subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation, thereby reducing the interference of the frozen soil residue factors, facilitating the subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation and enhancing the test operation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the docking test mechanism in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the transmission stirring mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the blowing and suction cleaning mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the collision and soil shaking mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of the gas injection shielding mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the second electric telescopic rod and the gas injection shielding mechanism in the present invention.

[0028] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. test plate; 2. rectangular straight frame; 3. detachable collection frame; 4. filter screen; 5. support plate; 6. connecting vertical plate; 7. docking test mechanism; 701. metering collection cylinder; 702. liquid guide tube; 703. first valve; 704. transparent seepage cylinder; 705. docking sleeve; 706. cover plate; 707. cylindrical refrigerator; 708. cylindrical groove; 709. liquid storage cylinder; 7010. telescopic hose; 7011. cannula; 7012. second valve; 7013. first electric telescopic rod; 7014. temperature sensor; 8. transmission stirring mechanism; 801. double-axis motor; 802. pulley; 803. transmission belt; 804. first gear; 805. second gear; 806. rotating rod; 807. stirring Rod; 9, blowing and suction cleaning mechanism; 901, threaded rod; 902, movable plate; 903, connecting elbow; 904, breathable spacer; 905, blowing frame; 10, collision and soil vibration mechanism; 1001, rotating extrusion frame; 1002, T-shaped fixed rod; 1003, movable straight plate; 1004, arc plate; 1005, knocking hammer rod; 1006, first spring; 11, gas injection shielding mechanism; 1101, pressing rod; 1102, pressing control switch; 1103, built-in straight frame; 1104, electromagnet; 1105, built-in round rod; 1106, magnetic plate; 1107, second spring; 1108, air guide tube; 1109, telescopic airbag; 11010, ring plate; 12, second electric telescopic rod; 13, support plate; 14, test terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, the combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil comprises a test plate 1, the bottom end of the test plate 1 is fixedly connected with a detachable collecting frame 3, one side of the detachable collecting frame 3 is provided with a rectangular straight frame 2, and the bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame 2, the detachable collecting frame 3 and the test plate 1 are all fixedly connected with a pair of support plates 13, the top end of the test plate 1 is embedded with a filter screen plate 4, the top end of the test plate 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting vertical plate 6, the top end of the test plate 1 is slidably connected with a supporting plate 5, and a docking test mechanism 7 is provided between the top of the supporting plate 5 and one end of the connecting vertical plate 6, a blowing and suction cleaning mechanism 9 is provided between the rectangular straight frame 2 and the detachable collecting frame 3, and the front end of the rectangular straight frame 2 is fixedly connected with a test terminal 14.

[0031] During use of the present solution, the electronic equipment in the joint test process of the permeability coefficient of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil can be controlled through the test terminal 14, so that the electronic equipment can perform corresponding operations, thereby ensuring the orderly progress of the joint test of the permeability coefficient of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil. The filter plate 4 can filter the frozen soil residues that fall during the addition of the frozen soil sample, so that they fall into the detachable collection frame 3 for collection, thereby reducing the impact of the frozen soil residues on the test operation.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the docking test mechanism 7 includes a pair of metering collection tubes 701 fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate 5, the tops of the pair of metering collection tubes 701 are fixedly connected with a liquid guide tube 702, and the outer wall of the liquid guide tube 702 is sleeved with a first valve 703, the tops of the pair of liquid guide tubes 702 are fixedly connected with a transparent seepage tube 704, and the top of the transparent seepage tube 704 is provided with a cover plate 706, the inner wall of the transparent seepage tube 704 is embedded with a plurality of columnar refrigerators 707, the bottom end of the cover plate 706 is drilled with a plurality of cylindrical grooves 708, and the outer diameter of the columnar refrigerator 707 matches the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove 708, the tops of the pair of cover plates 706 are embedded with a docking sleeve 705, and the bottom ends of the pair of cover plates 706 are embedded with a temperature sensor 7014, the tops of the pair of docking sleeves 705 are provided with a liquid storage cylinder 709, the first valve 703, the columnar system The cooler 707 and the temperature sensor 7014 are both electrically connected to the test terminal 14, the bottom ends of a pair of liquid storage cylinders 709 are fixedly connected with a telescopic hose 7010, and the bottom end of the telescopic hose 7010 is fixedly connected with a plug 7011, the outer wall of the plug 7011 is sleeved with a second valve 7012, and a pair of first electric telescopic rods 7013 are fixedly connected between the top of the second valve 7012 and the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder 709, the outer wall of the plug 7011 is in close contact with the inner wall of the docking sleeve 705, the outer walls of the pair of liquid storage cylinders 709 are fixedly connected to one end of the connecting vertical plate 6, a transmission stirring mechanism 8 is provided between the top of the rectangular straight frame 2 and the pair of liquid storage cylinders 709, an air injection shielding mechanism 11 is provided between the outer wall of the pair of second valves 7012 and the top of the supporting plate 5, and the second valve 7012 and the first electric telescopic rod 7013 are both electrically connected to the test terminal 14.

[0033] During use of the present solution, a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 are used to contain unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples respectively, and under the cooling of multiple columnar refrigerators 707, in conjunction with the monitoring of temperature sensors 7014, the unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples are placed in a low temperature environment that is usually encountered, thereby creating a matching low temperature environment for testing the permeability coefficient of frozen soil. At the same time, the first electric telescopic rod 7013 can drive the cannula 7011 to be inserted into the docking sleeve 705, so that the liquid storage tube 709 is connected to the transparent seepage tube 704. The first valve 703 is opened, and the test penetration solution such as a salt solution with a mass fraction of 10% is driven to flow into a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704, so that the unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples can be tested within the same time. The second valve 7012 is opened, so that the metering collection tube 701 collects and meters the seeping test penetration solution, so as to facilitate the subsequent data acquisition and calculation through the test terminal 14, and obtain accurate permeability coefficients of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil, thereby ensuring its excellent test effect.

[0034] like Figure 1and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission stirring mechanism 8 includes a double-axis motor 801 fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular straight frame 2, a pair of pulleys 802 are provided on the top of the double-axis motor 801, and the bottom end of the pulley 802 on one side is fixedly connected to the top output end of the double-axis motor 801, a transmission belt 803 is meshedly connected between the outer walls of the pair of pulleys 802, the top ends of a pair of liquid storage cylinders 709 are rotatably connected to a rotating rod 806 through a bearing, the bottom end of the pulley 802 on the other side is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod 806 on one side, the top ends of the pair of rotating rods 806 are respectively sleeved with a first gear 804 and a second gear 805, and the first gear 804 and the second gear 805 are meshed with each other, the outer walls of the pair of rotating rods 806 are fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring rods 807, a collision and soil shaking mechanism 10 is provided between the top end of the rotating rod 806 on the other side and the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6, and the double-axis motor 801 is electrically connected to the test terminal 14.

[0035] During use of this solution, the top output end of the dual-axis motor 801 drives the first gear 804 to rotate through the transmission action between a pair of pulleys 802 and a transmission belt 803, and the first gear 804 drives the second gear 805 to rotate through the meshing action, so that a pair of rotating rods 806 rotate together, driving multiple stirring rods 807 to stir and mix the test penetration solution inside the liquid storage cylinder 709, so that the test penetration solution is not easily precipitated due to long-term storage, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the concentration of the test penetration solution and avoiding interference with subsequent seepage test work due to different concentrations of the test penetration solution, so as to facilitate subsequent seepage test work.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the blowing and suction cleaning mechanism 9 includes a threaded rod 901 fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the dual-axis motor 801, the bottom end of the threaded rod 901 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the rectangular straight frame 2 through a bearing, the outer wall of the threaded rod 901 is sleeved with a movable plate 902, and the outer wall of the movable plate 902 is in close contact with the inner wall of the rectangular straight frame 2, the top and bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame 2 are fixedly connected with a connecting elbow 903, and one end of the connecting elbow 903 at the bottom is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detachable collecting frame 3, the inner wall of the connecting elbow 903 at the bottom is fixedly connected with a breathable spacer 904, and one end of the connecting elbow 903 at the top is fixedly connected with a blowing frame 905, the inner wall of the movable plate 902 is drilled with a threaded hole, the movable plate 902 is sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod 901 through the threaded hole, and is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 901.

[0037] During use of the present solution, a pair of transparent seepage cylinders 704 are used to hold unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples respectively, and part of the frozen soil samples are likely to fall onto the surfaces of the supporting plate 5 and the filter screen plate 4. The bottom output end of the dual-axis motor 801 drives the threaded rod 901 to rotate, so that the movable plate 902 moves upward with the rotation of the threaded rod 901, and the air on its top is squeezed and discharged upward, and blown downward through the connecting elbow 903 at the top, blowing the frozen soil residues on the supporting plate 5 onto the filter screen plate 4. At the same time, the space between the bottom end of the movable plate 902 and the inner bottom end of the rectangular straight frame 2 is increased, and the air inside the detachable collecting frame 3 is drawn for replenishment, so that under the suction action at the bottom, the frozen soil residues on the filter screen plate 4 fall into the detachable collecting frame 3, so that the frozen soil residues are cleaned up in time, and interference is avoided during the subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation, thereby reducing the interference of the frozen soil residue factors, facilitating the subsequent frozen soil sample testing operation, and enhancing the testing operation effect.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the collision and soil shaking mechanism 10 includes a rotating extrusion frame 1001, the bottom end of the rotating extrusion frame 1001 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod 806 located on the other side, a pair of T-shaped fixed rods 1002 are fixedly connected to the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6, and a movable straight plate 1003 is sleeved between the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixed rods 1002, and the ends of the movable straight plates 1003 close to the connecting vertical plates 6 are respectively fixedly connected with arc plates 1004 and multiple knock hammer rods 1005, and the outer walls of the arc plates 1004 are in contact with the outer walls of the rotating extrusion frame 1001, the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixed rods 1002 are both sleeved with first springs 1006, and the two ends of the first springs 1006 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the connecting vertical plates 6 and the movable straight plates 1003.

[0039] During use of the present scheme, the rotating rod 806 connected to the second gear 805 drives the rotating extrusion frame 1001 to rotate, so that the multiple arc-shaped extrusion ends protruding from the rotating extrusion frame 1001 continuously contact the arc plate 1004 during the rotation process, and squeeze it to move backward, driving the movable straight plate 1003 and the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 to move backward and contact the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6. After the multiple arc-shaped extrusion ends protruding from the rotating extrusion frame 1001 are separated from the arc plate 1004, the movable straight plate 1003, the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 and the arc plate 1004 are reset through the elastic action of the first spring 1006, so that the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 contact and collide with the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6, and this is repeated, causing the connecting vertical plate 6 and the test plate 1 to vibrate, so that the frozen soil residues on the filter screen plate 4 can be quickly dropped by the vibration effect, and are not easily left on the filter screen plate 4, thereby improving the falling and collection efficiency of the frozen soil residues.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the gas injection shielding mechanism 11 includes a pressing rod 1101 fixedly connected between the outer walls of a pair of second valves 7012, the top of the supporting plate 5 is fixedly connected with a built-in straight frame 1103, the top of the built-in straight frame 1103 is fixedly connected with a push-type control switch 1102, and the bottom end of the pressing rod 1101 is in contact with the top of the push-type control switch 1102, the inside of the built-in straight frame 1103 is slidably connected with a magnetic plate 1106, the inner bottom end of the built-in straight frame 1103 is fixedly connected with an electromagnet 1104, and the push-type The control switch 1102 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 1104. A pair of built-in round rods 1105 are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the built-in straight frame 1103. A pair of fitting round holes are drilled on the inner wall of the magnetic plate 1106, and the magnetic plate 1106 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pair of built-in round rods 1105 through the pair of fitting round holes. The outer walls of the pair of built-in round rods 1105 are sleeved with second springs 1107, and the two ends of the second spring 1107 are fixedly connected to the inner top of the built-in straight frame 1103 and the top of the magnetic plate 1106, respectively. The outer walls of a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 are sleeved with a pair of annular plates 11010, the inner wall of the annular plate 11010 at the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube 704, and the inner wall of the annular plate 11010 at the top is slidably connected to the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube 704, a telescopic airbag 1109 is fixedly connected between the pair of annular plates 11010, and the inner wall of the telescopic airbag 1109 is in contact with the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube 704, the surface of the telescopic airbag 1109 is provided with a heat reflecting layer, and the telescopic airbag The inner wall of 1109 is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and an air duct 1108 is fixedly connected between the bottom end of a pair of annular plates 11010 at the top and the outer wall of the built-in straight frame 1103, and the top end of the air duct 1108 passes through the bottom end of the annular plate 11010 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic airbag 1109, and the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6 is embedded with a second electric telescopic rod 12, and one end of the second electric telescopic rod 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the built-in straight frame 1103, and the second electric telescopic rod 12 is electrically connected to the test terminal 14.

[0041] During use of the present solution, after the first electric telescopic rod 7013 can drive the cannula 7011 to be inserted into the docking sleeve 705, the pressing rod 1101 moves downward synchronously, and presses the pressing control switch 1102, so that the electromagnet 1104 is energized, attracting the magnetic plate 1106 with a magnetic layer on the surface to move steadily downward along the pair of built-in round rods 1105, and squeezing the air inside the built-in straight frame 1103 to be respectively blown into the pair of telescopic airbags 1109, so that the pair of telescopic airbags 1109 are pushed on the top annular plate 1101. 0 is extended with the assistance of sliding, forming a cylindrical gas curtain wall surrounding the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube 704, so that the low temperature inside can be insulated through the thermal insulation layer, so that the cold air is not easy to lose to the outside. At the same time, the heat reflection layer is made of special heat reflection resin material, which can reflect the heat approaching from the outside, reduce the interference of the outside heat, and make the inside of the transparent seepage tube 704 always maintain a low temperature state, creating a good low-temperature constant temperature environment, so as to facilitate the permeability coefficient test, reduce the influence of environmental factors, and ensure the accuracy of the test data.

[0042] The present invention provides a combined tester for permeability of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil, and its working principle is as follows: the second electric telescopic rod 12 pushes the supporting plate 5 to move forward, so that a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 move forward to the top of the filter screen plate 4, and then the cover plate 706 is removed to add the unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples into the pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 respectively. After the addition is completed, the cover plate 706 is covered and the dual-axis motor 801 is driven to work. The top output end of the dual-axis motor 801 drives the first gear 804 to rotate through the transmission action between a pair of pulleys 802 and a transmission belt 803. The first gear 804 drives the second gear 805 to rotate through the meshing action, so that the pair of rotating rods 806 rotate together, driving multiple stirring The rod 807 stirs and evenly mixes the test permeate solution inside the liquid storage cylinder 709, and at the same time, the bottom output end of the dual-axis motor 801 drives the threaded rod 901 to rotate, so that the movable plate 902 moves upward with the rotation of the threaded rod 901, squeezes the air on its top and discharges it upward, and blows it downward through the connecting elbow 903 at the top, and blows the frozen soil residues that fall onto the surface of the supporting plate 5 during the adding process, so that they fall onto the filter screen plate 4, and the space between the bottom end of the movable plate 902 and the inner bottom end of the rectangular straight frame 2 is increased, and the air inside the detachable collecting frame 3 is drawn for replenishment, and the frozen soil residues on the filter screen plate 4 are dropped and collected into the detachable collecting frame 3 through the suction action at the bottom, and are connected with the second gear 80 5, the rotating rod 806 connected to the rotating extrusion frame 1001 drives the rotating extrusion frame 1001 to rotate, so that the multiple arc-shaped extrusion ends protruding from the rotating extrusion frame 1001 continuously contact with the arc plate 1004 during the rotation process, and squeeze it to move backward, driving the movable straight plate 1003 and the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 to move backward and contact with the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6. After the multiple arc-shaped extrusion ends protruding from the rotating extrusion frame 1001 are separated from the arc plate 1004, the movable straight plate 1003, the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 and the arc plate 1004 are reset through the elastic action of the first spring 1006, so that the multiple knocking hammer rods 1005 contact and collide with the rear end of the connecting vertical plate 6, and this is repeated, so that the connecting vertical plate 6 and the test plane The plate 1 vibrates so that the frozen soil residues on the filter screen plate 4 can be quickly dropped into the detachable collection frame 3 by the vibration effect. After the frozen soil residues are cleaned, the second electric telescopic rod 12 drives a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 to reset through the supporting plate 5, and drives the first electric telescopic rod 7013 to drive the insert tube 7011 to be inserted into the docking sleeve 705, so that the liquid storage tube 709 and the transparent seepage tube 704 are kept connected. The corresponding pressing rod 1101 moves downward synchronously under the drive of the first electric telescopic rod 7013, and the pressing control switch 1102 is pressed to energize the electromagnet 1104, so as to attract the magnetic plate 1106 with a magnetic layer on the surface to move steadily downward along a pair of built-in round rods 1105.The air inside the built-in straight frame 1103 is squeezed and blown into a pair of telescopic airbags 1109, which makes the pair of telescopic airbags 1109 extend with the help of the sliding of the top annular plate 11010, forming a cylindrical gas curtain wall surrounding the outer wall of the transparent seepage tube 704. After the gas injection is completed, multiple columnar refrigerators 707 work to cool, and cooperate with the monitoring of the temperature sensor 7014 to keep the unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples in the low temperature environment they are in daily life. The telescopic airbag 1109 keeps the low temperature inside warm through the insulation layer, so that the cold air is not easy to lose to the outside, and the heat is reflected. The layer reflects the heat approaching from the outside, reduces the interference of the heat from the outside, and makes the inside of the transparent seepage tube 704 always maintain a low temperature state, creating a good low-temperature constant temperature environment. Then open the first valve 703 and the second valve 7012. At the same time, the test penetration solution is driven to flow down to a pair of transparent seepage tubes 704 through the conduction effect, and after penetration on the unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil samples, it falls into the metering collection tube 701 for collection and metering, and then the data acquisition and calculation of the test terminal 14 are used to obtain accurate permeability coefficients of unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil, comprising a test plate (1), characterized in that: The bottom end of the test plate (1) is fixedly connected to a detachable collecting frame (3), one side of the detachable collecting frame (3) is provided with a rectangular straight frame (2), and the bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame (2), the detachable collecting frame (3) and the test plate (1) are all fixedly connected to a pair of support plates (13), the top end of the test plate (1) is embedded with a filter screen plate (4), the top end of the test plate (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting vertical plate (6), the top end of the test plate (1) is slidably connected to a supporting plate (5), and a docking test mechanism (7) is provided between the top end of the supporting plate (5) and one end of the connecting vertical plate (6), a blowing and suction cleaning mechanism (9) is provided between the rectangular straight frame (2) and the detachable collecting frame (3), and the front end of the rectangular straight frame (2) is fixedly connected to a test terminal (14).

2. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The docking test mechanism (7) comprises a pair of metering collection tubes (701) both fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (5); the tops of the pair of metering collection tubes (701) are both fixedly connected to a liquid guide tube (702), and the outer wall of the liquid guide tube (702) is sleeved with a first valve (703); the tops of the pair of liquid guide tubes (702) are both fixedly connected to a transparent seepage tube (704), and the tops of the transparent seepage tubes (704) are provided with a cover plate (706); the inner wall of the transparent seepage tube (704) is embedded with a plurality of columnar refrigerators (707), and the cover plate (706) is provided with a plurality of columnar refrigerators (707) connected to the inner wall of the transparent seepage tube (704); A plurality of cylindrical grooves (708) are bored at the bottom end of the plate (706), and the outer diameter of the columnar cooler (707) matches the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove (708); a pair of cover plates (706) are both embedded with a docking sleeve (705) at the top end thereof, and a pair of cover plates (706) are both embedded with a temperature sensor (7014) at the bottom end thereof; a pair of docking sleeves (705) are both provided with a liquid storage cylinder (709) at the top thereof; and the first valve (703), the columnar cooler (707) and the temperature sensor (7014) are all electrically connected to the test terminal (14).

3. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the pair of liquid storage cylinders (709) are fixedly connected to telescopic hoses (7010), and the bottom ends of the telescopic hoses (7010) are fixedly connected to a cannula (7011), the outer wall of the cannula (7011) is sleeved with a second valve (7012), and a pair of first electric telescopic rods (7013) are fixedly connected between the top of the second valve (7012) and the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder (709), and the outer wall of the cannula (7011) is connected to the docking sleeve (705). The inner wall of the pair of liquid storage cylinders (709) is in close contact, the outer walls of the pair of liquid storage cylinders (709) are fixedly connected to one end of the connecting vertical plate (6), a transmission stirring mechanism (8) is provided between the top of the rectangular straight frame (2) and the pair of liquid storage cylinders (709), an air injection shielding mechanism (11) is provided between the outer walls of the pair of second valves (7012) and the top of the supporting plate (5), and the second valves (7012) and the first electric telescopic rod (7013) are both electrically connected to the test terminal (14).

4. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The transmission stirring mechanism (8) comprises a double-shaft motor (801) fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular straight frame (2); a pair of pulleys (802) are provided on the top of the double-shaft motor (801); the bottom end of the pulley (802) on one side is fixedly connected to the top output end of the double-shaft motor (801); a transmission belt (803) is meshedly connected between the outer walls of the pair of pulleys (802); the top ends of the pair of liquid storage cylinders (709) are rotatably connected to a rotating rod (806) via a bearing; the pulleys (802) on the other side are The bottom end is fixedly connected to the top end of a rotating rod (806) on one side; the top ends of a pair of rotating rods (806) are respectively sleeved with a first gear (804) and a second gear (805), and the first gear (804) and the second gear (805) are meshed with each other; the outer walls of the pair of rotating rods (806) are fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring rods (807); a collision and soil shaking mechanism (10) is provided between the top end of the rotating rod (806) on the other side and the rear end of the connecting vertical plate (6); and the dual-axis motor (801) is electrically connected to the test terminal (14).

5. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The blowing and suction cleaning mechanism (9) comprises a threaded rod (901) fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the dual-axis motor (801); the bottom end of the threaded rod (901) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the rectangular straight frame (2) via a bearing; a movable plate (902) is sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod (901); and the outer wall of the movable plate (902) is in close contact with the inner wall of the rectangular straight frame (2); the top and bottom ends of the rectangular straight frame (2) are both fixedly connected to a connecting elbow (903); one end of the connecting elbow (903) located at the bottom is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detachable collecting frame (3); an air-permeable spacer (904) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting elbow (903) located at the bottom; and one end of the connecting elbow (903) located at the top is fixedly connected to an air-blowing frame (905).

6. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the movable plate (902) is provided with a threaded hole, and the movable plate (902) is sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod (901) through the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod (901).

7. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collision and soil-vibrating mechanism (10) comprises a rotating extrusion frame (1001), the bottom end of the rotating extrusion frame (1001) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod (806) located on the other side, the rear end of the connecting vertical plate (6) is fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped fixing rods (1002), and a movable straight plate (1003) is sleeved between the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixing rods (1002), the ends of the movable straight plates (1003) close to the connecting vertical plates (6) are respectively fixedly connected to an arc plate (1004) and a plurality of knocking hammer rods (1005), and the outer walls of the arc plates (1004) are in contact with the outer walls of the rotating extrusion frame (1001), the outer walls of the pair of T-shaped fixing rods (1002) are sleeved with first springs (1006), and the two ends of the first springs (1006) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the connecting vertical plates (6) and the movable straight plates (1003).

8. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gas injection shielding mechanism (11) comprises a pressing rod (1101) fixedly connected between the outer walls of a pair of second valves (7012); the top end of the support plate (5) is fixedly connected to a built-in straight frame (1103); the top end of the built-in straight frame (1103) is fixedly connected to a push-type control switch (1102); the bottom end of the pressing rod (1101) contacts the top end of the push-type control switch (1102); the interior of the built-in straight frame (1103) is slidably connected to a magnetic plate (1106); the inner bottom end of the built-in straight frame (1103) is fixedly connected to an electromagnet (1104); and the push rod (1101) is in contact with the top end of the push-type control switch (1102). The pressure control switch (1102) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (1104); a pair of built-in round rods (1105) are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the built-in straight frame (1103); a pair of fitting round holes are drilled in the inner wall of the magnetic plate (1106); and the magnetic plate (1106) is sleeved on the outer walls of the pair of built-in round rods (1105) through the pair of fitting round holes; the outer walls of the pair of built-in round rods (1105) are sleeved with a second spring (1107), and the two ends of the second spring (1107) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner top end of the built-in straight frame (1103) and the top end of the magnetic plate (1106).

9. The combined permeability tester for unsaturated unfrozen soil and saturated frozen soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer walls of the pair of transparent seepage tubes (704) are sleeved with a pair of annular plates (11010), the inner walls of the annular plates (11010) at the bottom are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the transparent seepage tubes (704), and the inner walls of the annular plates (11010) at the top are slidably connected to the outer walls of the transparent seepage tubes (704), a telescopic airbag (1109) is fixedly connected between the pair of annular plates (11010), and the inner walls of the telescopic airbag (1109) are in contact with the outer walls of the transparent seepage tubes (704), a heat reflection layer is provided on the surface of the telescopic airbag (1109), and the telescopic airbag (1109) is provided with a heat reflection layer. The inner wall of (1109) is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and an air duct (1108) is fixedly connected between the bottom ends of the pair of annular plates (11010) located at the top and the outer wall of the built-in straight frame (1103), and the top end of the air duct (1108) passes through the bottom end of the annular plate (11010) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic airbag (1109), and the rear end of the connecting vertical plate (6) is embedded with a second electric telescopic rod (12), and one end of the second electric telescopic rod (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the built-in straight frame (1103), and the second electric telescopic rod (12) is electrically connected to the test terminal (14).

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