Optical detection device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical detection device and a use method thereof.The detection device comprises a shell, a light source, two baffles, a perovskite array plate, a data reader, a comparator and an alarm, the shell is of a cuboid structure, the two baffles are arranged in the shell, a sealed testing cavity is defined by the two baffles and the inner wall of the shell, and the perovskite array plate is arranged in the testing cavity; the shell is provided with an air inlet communicated with the test cavity, the light source and the perovskite array plate are both mounted in the shell, and a plurality of perovskite detectors are arranged in the perovskite array plate; the data reader and the alarm are electrically connected with the comparator; and the data reader is electrically connected with the perovskite detector. The detection device and the using method thereof are particularly suitable for a user to detect the air quality of the environment where the user is located, the overall structure is simple, the size is small, the cost is relatively low, the detection purpose can be achieved, the detection cost can be reduced, and the detection device and the using method thereof are suitable for application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air detection, and in particular to an optical detection device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The global air quality monitoring market is growing at an annual rate of about 10%. The market size has exceeded 1 billion US dollars and is expected to continue to grow steadily in the next few years. This is mainly due to the increasing attention to air quality and the improvement of environmental monitoring requirements. At the same time, many countries and regions have formulated strict air quality standards and regulations, requiring the establishment and improvement of air quality monitoring systems, which provides a strong guarantee for the construction and operation of air quality monitoring systems.

[0003] At present, common air quality detection devices mainly include spectrometers and gas chromatographs. These detection instruments are not only expensive, large in size, and relatively complex in the detection process, but are mostly used in weather stations and laboratory tests. They are precision detection equipment, which leads to limited application scenarios. With the development of optoelectronic technology, photodetectors have become an indispensable tool in military and civilian fields such as optical communications, biomedical sensing, ultraviolet to infrared light detection and early warning.

[0004] In recent years, the research boom of perovskite materials, which originated from the field of solar energy, has attracted the attention of more and more researchers. Due to the excellent optical absorption and charge transfer properties of perovskite materials, they have received widespread attention. For example, the carrier migration distance is long, the light absorption coefficient is large, the quantum efficiency is high, and especially its solution processability and wavelength tunability, which reflects the huge application prospects of perovskite in photodetectors. In terms of photodetectors, a variety of perovskite detectors have been developed.

[0005] In recent years, air pollution has gradually entered the public eye, and ordinary people are more concerned about the air quality of their environment. The common air quality detection instruments are complicated to move and install, which is not suitable for ordinary people to use, and ordinary people do not have high requirements for the detection accuracy of air quality. In fact, ordinary people have higher requirements for portable, easy-to-operate and easy-to-understand air measurement instruments. Therefore, how to solve the above problems and facilitate the detection needs of different groups of people, so as to provide an optical detection device for air detection is very necessary. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology. In order to solve the problems of large size, high cost and complicated detection process of existing air quality detection devices, an optical detection device with simple structure and easy operation is provided to meet the detection needs of the general public. Specifically, it is an optical detection device and its use method.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an optical detection device, the detection device comprises a shell, a light source, a baffle, a perovskite array board, a data reader, a comparator and an alarm, the shell is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, two baffles are provided, the two baffles are arranged in the shell, the two baffles and the inner wall of the shell enclose a sealed test cavity, the shell is provided with an air inlet communicating with the test cavity, and a sealing cover that can be opened or closed is arranged at the air inlet, the air inlet is used to inject the gas to be tested into the test cavity, the light source is connected to the inner wall of one end of the shell, one side of the perovskite array board is connected to a plurality of perovskite detectors, the perovskite array board is connected to the other end of the shell, and one side with the perovskite detector is arranged toward the inside of the shell, the light emitted by the light source can pass through the test cavity and be absorbed by the gas to be tested as the light to be detected, and the light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array, and the perovskite detector array is used to read and output the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector; A plurality of the perovskite detectors are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array, and the detection upper limits of two adjacent perovskite detectors in each row of the perovskite detector array are separated by a monochromatic light band; The data reader is connected to the perovskite detector array, and the data reader and the alarm are both connected to the comparator; the data reader is used to convert the photocurrent signal into a light intensity electric signal and a category electric signal after noise reduction and amplification processing, and the comparator is used to compare the light intensity electric signal with the database corresponding to the category electric signal, output and store the air quality results and the light intensity electric signal; the alarm is used to issue an alarm prompt based on the air quality results.

[0008] An optical detection device provided by the present invention is used to inject the gas to be tested into the test cavity, and the light source is used to illuminate the test cavity. The harmful components in the gas to be tested will absorb the light of different colors in the light source, so the light source is absorbed by the gas to be tested and becomes the light to be tested. The light to be tested is irradiated on the perovskite array plate and can be detected by the perovskite detector array to obtain the photocurrent signal, and the photocurrent signal is processed by the data reader into the light intensity electrical signal and the category electrical signal, wherein the perovskite detector array is formed by a plurality of perovskite detectors arranged in a rectangular array, and the detection upper limit of two adjacent perovskite detectors in each row is separated by a monochromatic light band, therefore, the air quality result can be obtained by calculating the change value between two adjacent perovskite detectors in each row and comparing it with the database stored in the comparator, and the comparator can store the air quality result. The comparator is also connected to the alarm, and the alarm can give an alarm prompt according to the air quality result.

[0009] Compared with the structure of the currently used air quality detection device, the optical detection device provided by the present invention has a simpler structure, a smaller size, and a relatively low cost. It can measure the air quality results without multiple adjustments during the test process and the operation is simple and easy to understand. It is more suitable for users to detect the air in their own environment.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preferred solution of the present invention, the light source, the perovskite array plate and the two baffles can all be detachably connected to the housing.

[0011] The use of detachable connections is convenient for transportation and daily maintenance, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0012] Further, as a preferred solution of the present invention, the shell is configured as a telescopic structure or a flexible structure.

[0013] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas to be tested is air, and the air quality results include excellent, good, lightly polluted, moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted.

[0014] The air quality result outputs excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution or severe pollution, so that users can obtain air quality information more intuitively and quickly. When the air quality detection result is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or severe pollution, the alarm will sound an alarm.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the perovskite layer in the perovskite detector is a two-dimensional perovskite or a three-dimensional perovskite.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for using the optical detection device, and the specific steps of the method are as follows: S1. Inject the gas to be tested into the test chamber through the air inlet, wherein the gas to be tested is air, and then seal the test chamber; S2. Turn on the light source, and then adjust the light source to aim at the test cavity. The light emitted by the light source passes through the test cavity. When passing through the gas to be tested, it is absorbed by the gas to be tested and then becomes the light to be detected. The light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array. S3. The perovskite detector array outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector; S4. The data reader receives the photocurrent signal, performs noise reduction and amplification processing, and converts it into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal; S5. The comparator compares the received electrical signal of the category with the electrical signal of the pollutant category and identifies the type of pollutant in the gas to be tested; S6. The comparator receives and calculates the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors, and then compares the change value An with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain the air pollution index IAQI n , compare the air pollution index IAQI between different pollutants n And output the air quality results; S7. The comparator stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator; S8. The alarm gives an alarm prompt based on the output air quality results.

[0017] The method for using an optical detection device described in the present invention uses the array formed by the photodetectors to detect changes in light of different colors, calculates the change value of the light intensity electrical signal of two adjacent perovskite detectors and compares it with the database of the category electrical signal corresponding to the comparator clock to obtain the air pollution index, and then outputs the air quality result based on the air pollution index.

[0018] The above-mentioned method of use only requires injecting the gas to be tested and turning on the light source. The perovskite detector array can quickly detect the photocurrent signal. The comparator only needs to compare the light intensity electric signal processed by the data reader with the database storing the corresponding category of electric signals to obtain the result. The detection is very fast and easy to operate, which is beneficial to daily air detection needs.

[0019] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air pollution index IAQI nWhen the value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderate pollution; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

[0020] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows: S61. sequentially calculating the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors; S62. Compare the change value An with several standard change values ​​In in the database corresponding to the category of electrical signals in turn, and obtain the air pollution index IAQI of the change value An n ; S63. Compare all the air pollution indexes IAQI n , output the air pollution index IAQI n The air quality result corresponding to the maximum value in is the air quality result of the gas to be tested.

[0021] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the air quality result in step S8 is excellent, good or lightly polluted, the alarm does not give an alarm prompt; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm gives an alarm prompt.

[0022] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The overall structure is simpler, the volume is smaller, the cost is relatively low, the air quality result can be measured without multiple adjustments during the test, the operation is simple and easy to understand, and it is more suitable for users to detect the air quality of their own environment.

[0023] 2. Easy to use. It only needs to inject the gas to be tested and turn on the light source. The perovskite detector array can quickly detect the photocurrent signal. The comparator only needs to compare the light intensity electrical signal processed by the data reader with the database storing the corresponding electrical signal of the category to get the result. The detection is very fast and easy to operate, which is beneficial to daily air detection needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial perspective view of Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a local enlarged structure; Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the method of use of the present invention.

[0026] Shown in the figure: 1-housing, 2-light source, 3-baffle, 4-perovskite array plate, 41-perovskite detector array, 411-perovskite detector, 5-data reader, 6-comparator, 7-alarm, 8-air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical detection device, including a housing 1, a light source 2, two baffles 3, a perovskite array plate 4, a data reader 5, a comparator 6 and an alarm 7. The housing 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The two baffles 3 are connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The two baffles 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 enclose a sealed test cavity. The housing 1 is provided with an air inlet 8, and an openable or closable sealing cover is arranged at the air inlet 8. The air inlet 8 is used to inject the gas to be tested into the test cavity. The light source 2 is connected to the inner wall of one end of the housing 1. Figure 3 As shown, one side of the perovskite array board 4 is connected to a plurality of perovskite detectors 411, the perovskite array board 4 is connected to the other end of the housing 1 and one side of the perovskite detector 411 is arranged toward the inside of the housing 1, the light emitted by the light source 2 can pass through the test cavity and be absorbed by the gas to be tested as light to be detected, and the light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array 41, and the perovskite detector array 41 is used to read and output the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411; A plurality of the perovskite detectors 411 are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array 41, and the detection upper limits of two adjacent perovskite detectors 411 in each row of the perovskite detector array 41 are separated by a monochromatic light band; The data reader 5, comparator 6 and alarm 7 are all arranged on the outside of the shell 1, the data reader 5 is connected to the perovskite detector array 41, and the data reader 5 and the alarm 7 are both connected to the comparator 6; the data reader 5 is used to convert the photocurrent signal into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal after noise reduction and amplification processing, and the comparator 6 is used to compare the light intensity electrical signal with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal, output and store the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; the alarm 7 is used to issue an alarm prompt based on the air quality result.

[0029] Furthermore, an optical detection device according to this embodiment is used, the gas to be tested is air, and the air quality result includes excellent, good, lightly polluted, moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted. When the detection result of the gas to be tested is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt.

[0030] Furthermore, using an optical detection device described in this embodiment, the perovskite layer in the perovskite detector 411 is a two-dimensional perovskite or a three-dimensional perovskite.

[0031] An optical detection device described in this embodiment is used, the gas to be measured is air, and the harmful substances contained in the air include PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone. Since different harmful substances absorb light of different wavelengths, the perovskite component of each perovskite detector 411 is adjusted so that the detection upper limit of two adjacent perovskite detectors 411 in each row of the perovskite detector array 41 is separated by a monochromatic light band. In this way, the photocurrent signal of the corresponding gas can be measured respectively according to the perovskite detector array 41, and the data reader 5 can convert the photocurrent signal into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal after noise reduction and amplification processing. The comparator 6 compares the light intensity electrical signal with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain the air quality result, and outputs and stores the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal at the same time; the alarm 7 can give an alarm prompt when the air quality result is moderate pollution, severe pollution or serious pollution.

[0032] It can be seen that the optical detection device described in this embodiment is not only simpler in structure and smaller in size than the currently used air quality detection device, but also relatively low in cost. During the test process, the air quality result can be measured without multiple adjustments, and the operation is simple and easy to understand, which is more suitable for users to detect the air in their own environment. Example 2

[0033] This embodiment is based on the embodiment 1. For the convenience of carrying and use, the housing 1 is configured as a telescopic structure or a flexible structure, and the light source 2, the baffle 3 and the perovskite array plate 4 are all detachably connected to the housing 1. By adopting the detachable connection mode, when detection is required, it can be used after assembly, and when it is not needed, it is convenient to carry. Example 3

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for using the above optical detection device, and the method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Inject the gas to be tested into the test chamber through the air inlet 8, wherein the gas to be tested is air, and then seal the test chamber; S2. Turn on the light source 2, and then adjust the light source 2 to align it with the test cavity. The light emitted by the light source 2 passes through the test cavity and, when passing through the gas to be tested, is absorbed by the gas to be tested and then becomes the light to be detected. The light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array 414. S3. The perovskite detector array 41 outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411; S4. The data reader 5 receives the photocurrent signal, performs noise reduction and amplification processing, and converts it into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal; S5. The comparator 6 compares the received class electrical signal with the pollutant class electrical signal and identifies the type of pollutant in the gas to be tested; S6. The comparator 6 receives and calculates the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors 411, and then compares the change value An with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain the air pollution index IAQI n , compare the air pollution index IAQI between different pollutants n And output the air quality results; S7. The comparator 6 stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator 6; S8. The alarm device 7 issues an alarm prompt according to the output air quality result.

[0035] Furthermore, using the method described in this embodiment, the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderate pollution; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

[0036] Further, using the method described in this embodiment, the specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows: S61. sequentially calculating the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors 411; S62. Compare the change value An with several standard change values ​​In in the database corresponding to the category of electrical signals in turn, and obtain the air pollution index IAQI of the change value An n ; S63. Compare all the air pollution indexes IAQI n , output the air pollution index IAQI n The air quality result corresponding to the maximum value in is the air quality result of the gas to be tested.

[0037] Furthermore, using the method of use described in this embodiment, when the air quality result in step S8 is excellent, good or lightly polluted, the alarm 7 does not give an alarm prompt; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt.

[0038] According to the method of use described in this embodiment, the sealing cover configured at the air inlet 8 is first opened, and air is injected into the test cavity through the air inlet 8, and then the sealing cover is closed to make the test cavity in a sealed state. During detection, the light source 2 is first turned on, and the light emitted by the light source 2 is absorbed by the air in the test cavity as the light to be detected, and the light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite array plate 4, and the perovskite detector array 41 outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411 to the data reader 5, and the data reader 5 performs noise reduction and amplification processing on the photocurrent signal and then outputs the light intensity electric signal and the category electric signal to the comparator 6; after receiving the light intensity electric signal, the comparator 6 calculates the change value An between the light intensity electric signals of two adjacent perovskite detector arrays 41 in each row, and then compares the change value with several standard change values ​​In in the database corresponding to the category electric signal stored in the comparator 6 to obtain the air pollution index IAQI of the change value An. n , comparing the air pollution index IAQI of different pollutants n , taking the maximum value as the air pollution index of the gas to be tested; the comparator 6 compares the value of the air pollution index with the data in the database, and the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderate pollution; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted. The comparator 6 outputs the air quality result and stores the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; when the air quality result output by the comparator 6 is moderately polluted, severely polluted or severely polluted, the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt; otherwise, the alarm 7 does not give an alarm prompt.

[0039] It can be seen that, using the optical detection device described in the present invention, since the light source 2, the baffle 3 and the perovskite array plate 4 can be detachably connected to the shell 1, a closed test chamber is formed by the configured baffle 3 and the shell 1. When it is needed, it can be assembled in advance. During use, it is only necessary to inject the gas to be tested and turn on the light source 2. Since the plurality of perovskite detectors 411 arranged on the perovskite array plate 4 are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array 41, the perovskite detector array 41 can be used to quickly detect the photocurrent signal, and then through the configured data reader 5 and comparator 6, the comparator 6 only needs to compare the light intensity electrical signal processed by the data reader 5 with the database storing the corresponding category electrical signal to obtain the result. Finally, according to the detection result, the alarm 7 can give an alarm prompt or not. The detection is convenient and fast, the operation is simple, and it is beneficial to daily air detection needs.

[0040] In summary, by adopting the detection device and the use method described in the present invention, the air quality result can be measured without multiple adjustments during the test process. The operation is simple and easy to understand, and is particularly suitable for users to detect the air quality of their own environment. The overall structure is simpler, the volume is smaller, and the cost is relatively low. It can not only achieve the purpose of detection, but also reduce the detection cost, and is suitable for promotion and application.

[0041] In addition, the optical detection device described in the present invention, wherein the light source 2, perovskite detector 411, data reader 5, comparator 6 and alarm 7 are all commonly used devices in the prior art and can be purchased on the existing market. Their application in the present invention does not involve any changes to their structures, as long as they match each other and meet the use requirements.

[0042] Other details of the present invention are conventional technologies known to those skilled in the art and are therefore not described in detail.

[0043] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific implementation methods. The above description is only a preferred implementation method of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made according to the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical detection device, Features: The detection device comprises a housing (1), a light source (2), a baffle (3), a perovskite array plate (4), a data reader (5), a comparator (6) and an alarm (7); the housing (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; two baffles (3) are provided, the two baffles (3) are arranged in the housing (1), the two baffles (3) and the inner wall of the housing (1) enclose a sealed test cavity; the housing (1) is provided with an air inlet (8) communicating with the test cavity; the air inlet (8) is used to inject a gas to be tested into the test cavity; the light source (2) is connected to one end of the housing (1) The inner wall of the housing (1), one side of the perovskite array plate (4) is connected to a plurality of perovskite detectors (411), the perovskite array plate (4) is connected to the other end of the housing (4), and one side of the perovskite detector (411) is arranged toward the inside of the housing (1), the light emitted by the light source (2) can pass through the test cavity and be absorbed by the gas to be tested as light to be detected, and the light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array (41), and the perovskite detector array (41) is used to read and output a photocurrent signal detected by each of the perovskite detectors (411); A plurality of the perovskite detectors (411) are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array (41), wherein the detection upper limits of two adjacent perovskite detectors (411) in each row of the perovskite detector array (41) are separated by a monochromatic light band; The data reader (5) is connected to the perovskite detector array (41), and the data reader (5) and the alarm (7) are both connected to the comparator (6); the data reader (5) is used to perform noise reduction and amplification processing on the photocurrent signal and convert it into a light intensity electric signal and a category electric signal; the comparator (6) is used to compare the light intensity electric signal with a database corresponding to the category electric signal, output and store the air quality result and the light intensity electric signal; the alarm (7) is used to issue an alarm prompt based on the air quality result.

2. An optical detection device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The light source (2), the perovskite array plate (4) and the two baffles (3) are all detachably connected in the housing (1).

3. An optical detection device according to claim 2, Features: The housing (1) is configured as a telescopic structure or a flexible structure.

4. An optical detection device according to claim 1, Features: The gas to be tested is air, and the air quality results include excellent, good, lightly polluted, moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted.

5. An optical detection device according to claim 4, Features: When the detection result of the gas to be tested is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or severe pollution, the alarm (7) gives an alarm prompt.

6. An optical detection device according to claim 2, Features: The perovskite layer in the perovskite detector (411) is a two-dimensional perovskite or a three-dimensional perovskite.

7. A method for using an optical detection device, Features The method of use adopts the optical detection device described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the specific steps are as follows: S1. Injecting a gas to be tested into the test chamber through the air inlet (8), wherein the gas to be tested is air, and then sealing the test chamber; S2. Turn on the light source (2), then adjust the light source (2) so that it is aimed at the test cavity, the light emitted by the light source (2) passes through the test cavity, and when passing through the gas to be tested, is absorbed by the gas to be tested and then becomes the light to be detected and emitted, and the light to be detected is irradiated on the perovskite detector array (414); S3. The perovskite detector array (41) outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector (411); S4. The data reader (5) receives the photocurrent signal, performs noise reduction and amplification processing, and converts it into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal; S5. The comparator (6) compares the received category electrical signal with the pollutant category electrical signal and identifies the type of pollutant in the gas to be tested; S6. The comparator (6) receives and calculates the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors (411), and then compares the change value An with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain the air pollution index IAQI n , compare the air pollution index IAQI between different pollutants n And output the air quality results; S7. The comparator (6) stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator (6); S8. The alarm device (7) issues an alarm prompt based on the output air quality result.

8. The method of use according to claim 7, Features: The air pollution index IAQI n When the value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderate pollution; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

9. The method of use according to claim 7, Features The specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows: S61. sequentially calculating the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors (411); S62. Compare the change value An with several standard change values ​​In in the database corresponding to the category of electrical signals in turn, and obtain the air pollution index IAQI of the change value An. n ; S63. Compare all the air pollution indexes IAQI n , output the air pollution index IAQI n The air quality result corresponding to the maximum value in is the air quality result of the gas to be tested.

10. The method of use according to claim 7, Features : When the air quality result in step S8 is excellent, good or slightly polluted, the alarm (7) does not give an alarm prompt; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm (7) gives an alarm prompt.

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