Building construction site environment influence assessment and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a building construction site environment influence assessment and control method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: 1) noise assessment; 2) dust raising evaluation; 3) evaluating water pollution; 4) evaluating soil pollution; 5) evaluating light pollution; 6) noise control; 7) raising dust control; 8) water pollution control; (9) soil pollution control; and 10) controlling light pollution. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that main environmental influence factors of a building construction site are covered, and comprehensive evaluation and control are realized; high-tech means such as a GIS and an intelligent monitoring system are adopted, so that the evaluation accuracy and the control effectiveness are improved; a targeted control measure is made according to an evaluation result, so that the efficiency and the pertinence of environmental protection treatment are improved; and through the measures of wastewater recycling, soil pollution prevention and the like, the recycling of resources and the sustainable development of the ecological environment are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a method for evaluating and controlling environmental impacts on a building construction site. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, construction activities are becoming more frequent, and their impact on the surrounding environment is becoming increasingly prominent, including noise, dust, water pollution, soil pollution and light pollution, which seriously affect the quality of life of residents and the ecological environment. Existing assessment and control methods mostly focus on the governance of a single or a few aspects, lacking comprehensiveness and systematicness, and it is difficult to achieve ideal environmental protection effects.

[0003] Therefore, a construction site environmental impact assessment and control method needs to be studied urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a construction site environmental impact assessment and control method, aiming to solve the problems existing in traditional construction progress management, improve construction efficiency and optimize resource allocation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction site environmental impact assessment and control method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0006] 1) Noise assessment: Use a sound level meter to monitor the noise generated by construction machinery, transport vehicles and construction personnel in real time, and evaluate the impact of noise on surrounding residents based on factors such as construction time and location;

[0007] 2) Dust assessment: Use dust concentration monitoring equipment to monitor the dust concentration at the construction site, analyze the sources of dust, and assess its impact on air quality. Dust sources include construction machinery, transportation vehicles, and building materials;

[0008] 3) Water pollution assessment: Sampling and analyzing construction wastewater and domestic sewage generated at the construction site to assess the content of harmful substances in the wastewater and its potential pollution risk to surrounding water bodies;

[0009] 4) Soil pollution assessment: Regularly sample and analyze the soil at the construction site to assess the degree of pollution of the soil environment by waste such as construction waste and waste soil;

[0010] 5) Light pollution assessment: Through on-site observation and measurement of lighting intensity during nighttime construction, assess its impact on the rest and work of surrounding residents;

[0011] 6) Noise control: adopt sound insulation and noise reduction measures, arrange construction time reasonably, and avoid high-noise operations at night or during residents’ rest time;

[0012] 7) Dust control: Reduce dust at the construction site through measures such as sprinkling water and covering, collect and treat waste gas, and reduce waste gas emissions;

[0013] 8) Water pollution control: Set up reasonable drainage facilities, classify and treat construction wastewater and domestic sewage, and ensure that sewage meets discharge standards;

[0014] 9) Soil pollution control: Take effective measures to protect the soil at the construction site, prevent soil pollution and erosion, and repair and treat polluted soil;

[0015] 10) Light pollution control: Rationally design the direction of lights, control the brightness of night lighting and billboards, and reduce the impact of light pollution on surrounding residents.

[0016] As a preferred solution, in step 1) noise assessment, a geographic information system (GIS) is also used in combination with a noise propagation model to simulate the propagation path and intensity distribution of noise in the area surrounding the construction site, so as to more accurately assess the impact of noise on specific residential areas or sensitive areas, and formulate more targeted noise reduction measures accordingly.

[0017] As a preferred solution, in step 2) dust assessment, an intelligent monitoring system is added, which can automatically monitor dust concentration and trigger watering or covering operations in real time, while recording and analyzing dust control effects, so as to continuously optimize dust control measures.

[0018] As a preferred option, in step 3) water pollution assessment, biological toxicity testing is introduced to evaluate the potential impact of harmful substances in wastewater that are difficult to detect through conventional chemical analysis on aquatic organisms, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the harm of wastewater to the aquatic environment.

[0019] As a preferred solution, in step 4) soil pollution assessment, soil heavy metal and organic pollutant detection items are added, and remote sensing technology is used to quickly screen large areas of soil pollution to improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil pollution assessment.

[0020] As a preferred option, in step 6) noise control, the low-noise selection standards for high-noise equipment are clearly defined, and low-noise products are required to be given priority when purchasing equipment. At the same time, a construction noise management plan is formulated to clarify the noise limits and noise reduction measures for each construction stage.

[0021] As a preferred solution, in step 7) dust control, it is further required to use environmentally friendly building materials to reduce the amount of dust generated during the construction process, and to set up mobile dust removal equipment to perform immediate dust removal on transport vehicles and construction sites.

[0022] As a preferred solution, in step 8) water pollution control, it is required to establish a wastewater recycling system to use the treated wastewater for non-drinking purposes (such as construction water, green irrigation, etc.) to reduce water resource consumption and wastewater discharge.

[0023] As a preferred solution, in step 9) soil pollution control, a soil pollution prevention mechanism is proposed, including conducting a soil background survey before construction, formulating a soil protection plan, and taking isolation measures during the construction process to prevent pollutants from entering the soil.

[0024] As a preferred solution, in step 10) light pollution control, an intelligent lighting control system is introduced to automatically adjust the night lighting brightness and time according to the ambient light conditions and the daily habits of surrounding residents. At the same time, the use of sunshades and light guiding devices is promoted to reduce the spread of light pollution.

[0025] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0026] 1. The present invention covers the main environmental influencing factors of the construction site and realizes comprehensive evaluation and control.

[0027] 2. The use of high-tech means such as GIS and intelligent monitoring systems has improved the accuracy of assessment and the effectiveness of control.

[0028] 3. Develop targeted control measures based on the evaluation results to improve the efficiency and pertinence of environmental protection management.

[0029] 4. Through measures such as wastewater recycling and soil pollution prevention, the recycling of resources and the sustainable development of the ecological environment have been promoted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described below with specific embodiments, but is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

[0031] A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0032] A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0033] 1) Noise assessment: Use geographic information system (GIS) combined with noise propagation model to simulate the propagation path and intensity distribution of noise in the area surrounding the construction site, so as to more accurately assess the impact of noise on specific residential areas or sensitive areas, and formulate more targeted noise reduction measures accordingly. Use sound level meters to monitor the noise generated by construction machinery, transportation vehicles and construction personnel in real time, and evaluate the impact of noise on surrounding residents in combination with factors such as construction time and location;

[0034] 2) Dust assessment: Use dust concentration monitoring equipment to monitor the dust concentration at the construction site and add an intelligent monitoring system that can automatically monitor the dust concentration and trigger watering or covering operations in real time. At the same time, the system records and analyzes the dust control effect in order to continuously optimize dust control measures. By analyzing the sources of dust, its impact on air quality is evaluated. Dust sources include construction machinery, transportation vehicles, and building materials;

[0035] 3) Water pollution assessment: Sampling and analyzing construction wastewater and domestic sewage generated at the construction site to assess the content of harmful substances in the wastewater and its potential pollution risk to surrounding water bodies. Introducing biological toxicity tests to assess the potential impact of harmful substances in the wastewater that are difficult to detect through conventional chemical analysis on aquatic organisms, thereby more comprehensively assessing the hazards of wastewater to the water environment;

[0036] 4) Soil pollution assessment: regularly sample and analyze the soil at the construction site to assess the degree of pollution of the soil environment by waste such as construction waste and waste soil; increase the detection items of soil heavy metals and organic pollutants, and use remote sensing technology to quickly screen large areas of soil pollution to improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil pollution assessment;

[0037] 5) Light pollution assessment: Through on-site observation and measurement of lighting intensity during nighttime construction, assess its impact on the rest and work of surrounding residents;

[0038] 6) Noise control: adopt sound insulation and noise reduction measures, arrange construction time reasonably, avoid high-noise operations at night or during residents' rest time, stipulate low-noise selection standards for high-noise equipment, and require that low-noise products be given priority when purchasing equipment. At the same time, formulate a construction noise management plan and clarify the noise limits and noise reduction measures for each construction stage;

[0039] 7) Dust control: Reduce dust on the construction site through measures such as sprinkling water and covering, such as using environmentally friendly building materials to reduce the amount of dust generated during the construction process, and set up mobile dust removal equipment to carry out immediate dust removal on transport vehicles and construction sites, and then collect and treat waste gas to reduce waste gas emissions;

[0040] 8) Water pollution control: Set up reasonable drainage facilities, classify and treat construction wastewater and domestic sewage, and ensure that sewage discharge meets the standards. For example, establish a wastewater recycling system and use the treated wastewater for non-drinking purposes (such as construction water, greening irrigation, etc.) to reduce water resource consumption and wastewater discharge;

[0041] 9) Soil pollution control: Take effective measures to protect the soil at the construction site and propose a soil pollution prevention mechanism, including conducting a soil background survey before construction, formulating a soil protection plan, and taking isolation measures during the construction process to prevent soil pollution and erosion, and to repair and treat contaminated soil;

[0042] 10) Light pollution control: Rationally design the direction of lights, control the brightness of nighttime lighting and billboards, reduce the impact of light pollution on surrounding residents, introduce intelligent lighting control systems, automatically adjust the brightness and time of nighttime lighting according to ambient light conditions and the work and rest habits of surrounding residents, and promote the use of sunshades and light guiding devices to reduce the spread of light pollution.

[0043] When the present invention is implemented,

[0044] 1. Preliminary preparation

[0045] 1. Form a professional team: Establish an assessment and control team composed of environmental experts, engineers, technicians, etc. to be responsible for the organization and implementation of the entire process.

[0046] 2. Data collection and on-site investigation: Collect project-related design drawings, construction plans, environmentally sensitive point data, etc., and conduct on-site investigation to understand the basic conditions of the construction site's topography, meteorological conditions, surrounding environment, etc.

[0047] II. Environmental Impact Assessment

[0048] 1. Noise assessment:

[0049] Monitoring equipment: Use high-precision sound level meters to conduct real-time monitoring of the noise generated by construction machinery, transport vehicles and construction personnel.

[0050] Data analysis: Analyze the noise propagation path and intensity distribution based on factors such as construction time, location, and noise source characteristics.

[0051] GIS simulation: Use geographic information system (GIS) combined with noise propagation model to simulate the propagation of noise in the area surrounding the construction site and evaluate the impact on surrounding residents and sensitive areas.

[0052] 2. Dust assessment:

[0053] Dust concentration monitoring: Set up dust concentration monitoring points and use dust concentration monitoring equipment to monitor the dust concentration at the construction site in real time.

[0054] Source analysis: Analyze the main sources of dust, including construction machinery, transport vehicles, building materials, etc.

[0055] Impact assessment: Assess the impact of dust on air quality, especially the impact on the health of surrounding residents.

[0056] 3. Water pollution assessment:

[0057] Water sample collection: Regular sampling of construction wastewater and domestic sewage.

[0058] Laboratory analysis: Chemical analysis of water samples to detect the content of harmful substances.

[0059] Biotoxicity testing: Introduce biotoxicity testing to assess the potential impacts on aquatic organisms of harmful substances in wastewater that are difficult to detect through conventional chemical analysis.

[0060] 4. Soil pollution assessment:

[0061] Soil sampling: Set up sampling points at the construction site and surrounding areas to collect soil samples regularly.

[0062] Laboratory testing: testing the content of harmful substances such as heavy metals and organic pollutants in the soil.

[0063] Remote sensing technology: Use remote sensing technology to quickly screen large areas of soil pollution and improve assessment efficiency.

[0064] 5. Light pollution assessment:

[0065] On-site observation: observe the lighting conditions during nighttime construction and record the lighting intensity and range.

[0066] Questionnaire survey: Questionnaires were distributed to surrounding residents to understand the impact of light pollution on their rest and work.

[0067] 3. Environmental Impact Control

[0068] 1. Noise control:

[0069] Sound insulation measures: Set up sound insulation barriers or noise enclosures around noise sources.

[0070] Silence equipment: Use low-noise construction machinery and equipment, and install silencers.

[0071] Construction time management: Arrange construction time reasonably to avoid high-noise operations at night or during residents’ rest time.

[0072] 2. Dust control:

[0073] Sprinkle water to reduce dust: Sprinkle water regularly to keep the construction site moist and reduce dust generation.

[0074] Covering measures: Cover the building materials that are prone to generate dust.

[0075] Environmentally friendly materials: Use environmentally friendly building materials to reduce dust generation.

[0076] 3. Water pollution control:

[0077] Classification and treatment: Set up reasonable drainage facilities to collect and treat construction wastewater and domestic sewage in a classified manner.

[0078] Recycling: Establish a wastewater recycling system to use treated wastewater for non-drinking purposes (such as construction water, green irrigation, etc.).

[0079] 4. Soil pollution control:

[0080] Isolation measures: Take isolation measures during the construction process to prevent pollutants from entering the soil.

[0081] Soil remediation: Repair and treat contaminated soil to ensure that soil quality meets relevant standards.

[0082] 5. Light pollution control:

[0083] Smart lighting: Introduce smart lighting control systems to automatically adjust nighttime lighting brightness and time.

[0084] Sunshades: Use sunshades and light directing devices to reduce the spread of light pollution.

[0085] IV. Monitoring and Evaluation

[0086] 1. Regular monitoring: Regularly monitor various environmental indicators at the construction site to ensure the effectiveness of control measures.

[0087] 2. Effect evaluation: Evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of control measures based on the monitoring results, and adjust and optimize the control measures in a timely manner.

[0088] 3. Information disclosure: Regularly disclose environmental assessment and control information to the public and accept social supervision.

[0089] Through the above specific implementation methods, the impact of the construction site on the surrounding environment can be comprehensively and systematically evaluated and controlled to achieve green construction and sustainable development.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method, It is characterized in that The specific steps include: 1) Noise assessment: Use a sound level meter to monitor the noise generated by construction machinery, transport vehicles and construction personnel in real time, and evaluate the impact of noise on surrounding residents based on factors such as construction time and location; 2) Dust assessment: Use dust concentration monitoring equipment to monitor the dust concentration at the construction site, analyze the sources of dust, and assess its impact on air quality. Dust sources include construction machinery, transportation vehicles, and building materials; 3) Water pollution assessment: Sampling and analyzing construction wastewater and domestic sewage generated at the construction site to assess the content of harmful substances in the wastewater and its potential pollution risk to surrounding water bodies; 4) Soil pollution assessment: Regularly sample and analyze the soil at the construction site to assess the degree of pollution of the soil environment by waste such as construction waste and waste soil; 5) Light pollution assessment: Through on-site observation and measurement of lighting intensity during nighttime construction, assess its impact on the rest and work of surrounding residents; 6) Noise control: adopt sound insulation and noise reduction measures, arrange construction time reasonably, and avoid high-noise operations at night or during residents’ rest time; 7) Dust control: Reduce dust at the construction site through measures such as sprinkling water and covering, collect and treat waste gas, and reduce waste gas emissions; 8) Water pollution control: Set up reasonable drainage facilities, classify and treat construction wastewater and domestic sewage, and ensure that sewage meets discharge standards; 9) Soil pollution control: Take effective measures to protect the soil at the construction site, prevent soil pollution and erosion, and repair and treat polluted soil; 10) Light pollution control: Rationally design the direction of lights, control the brightness of night lighting and billboards, and reduce the impact of light pollution on surrounding residents.

2. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 1), noise assessment also includes using geographic information systems (GIS) combined with noise propagation models to simulate the propagation path and intensity distribution of noise in the area surrounding the construction site, so as to more accurately assess the impact of noise on specific residential areas or sensitive areas, and formulate more targeted noise reduction measures accordingly.

3. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: Step 2) In the dust assessment, an intelligent monitoring system is added, which can automatically monitor the dust concentration and trigger watering or covering operations in real time, while recording and analyzing the dust control effect, so as to continuously optimize the dust control measures.

4. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 3) water pollution assessment, biological toxicity testing is introduced to evaluate the potential impact of harmful substances in wastewater that are difficult to detect through conventional chemical analysis on aquatic organisms, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the harm of wastewater to the aquatic environment.

5. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: Step 4) In soil pollution assessment, add soil heavy metal and organic pollutant detection items, and use remote sensing technology to quickly screen large areas of soil pollution to improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil pollution assessment.

6. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 6) noise control, clearly define the low-noise selection standards for high-noise equipment, and require that low-noise products be given priority when purchasing equipment. At the same time, formulate a construction noise management plan to clarify the noise limits and noise reduction measures for each construction stage.

7. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: Step 7) In dust control, it is further required to use environmentally friendly building materials to reduce the amount of dust generated during the construction process, and to set up mobile dust removal equipment to carry out immediate dust removal on transport vehicles and construction sites.

8. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 8) water pollution control, it is required to establish a wastewater recycling system to use the treated wastewater for non-drinking purposes (such as construction water, green irrigation, etc.) to reduce water resource consumption and wastewater discharge.

9. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 9) soil pollution control, a soil pollution prevention mechanism is proposed, including conducting soil background investigation before construction, formulating soil protection plans, and taking isolation measures during construction to prevent pollutants from entering the soil.

10. A construction site environmental impact assessment and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 10) light pollution control, an intelligent lighting control system is introduced to automatically adjust the night lighting brightness and time according to the ambient light conditions and the daily habits of surrounding residents. At the same time, the use of sunshades and light guiding devices is promoted to reduce the spread of light pollution.