Regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method, device and system based on satellite data

Abstract

The invention discloses a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method, device and system based on satellite data, and belongs to the technical field of meteorological disaster monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: 1), enabling lightning positioning, a lightning stroke path, lightning atmospheric electric field data and external meteorological data to be accessed to a server, and entering an internal network; 2) connecting seven meteorological elements, weather phenomenon observation, fire monitoring, distributed temperature, water immersion and accumulated snow sensors to an edge computing terminal; according to the invention, through a satellite-ground intelligent equipment mode, overall disaster early warning and emergency planning are carried out from the aspects of external natural risks and internal risks of power transmission channels, key substations and important livelihood power supply guarantee equipment, and disaster prevention guards are combined with the requirements of power grid services for extreme weather emergency measures and disaster prevention and reduction. An intelligent hardware device integrating an intelligent Internet of Things technology and an artificial intelligence algorithm is adopted, and the device makes up the traditional mode that a traditional Internet of Things device has more monitoring and post-analysis and less prediction and early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological disaster monitoring, and in particular relates to a method, device and system for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning based on satellite data. Background Art

[0002] Disaster weather warning: Based on satellite remote sensing, weather radar, numerical forecast remote data, and real-time meteorological environment parameter information obtained by ground equipment, it can realize small-scale and refined forecast and warning of lightning, heavy rain, strong wind, low temperature and ice and snow disasters within the monitoring range through edge intelligent assimilation analysis and calculation.

[0003] Lightning is a discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder in vigorously developing cumulonimbus clouds, which can cause harm to personal safety, buildings, power and communication facilities. Lightning disasters are serious natural disasters. Lightning is one of the main causes of line tripping and power outages in the thunderstorm season, posing a great threat to the safe operation of the power system. Therefore, it is also an important issue to seek effective lightning warning measures to ensure power supply, reduce power outage losses caused by lightning strikes, and ensure the safe operation of the power system.

[0004] At present, equipment that can identify whether a circuit is broken has been installed on the line towers of the main network, but such equipment has not been fully installed on the towers of most distribution network lines. Every time a line is broken due to lightning strike, the construction team needs to patrol and inspect the towers one by one, which costs huge time and manpower and is inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems caused by and propose a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method, device and system based on satellite data.

[0006] On the one hand, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following method: a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data, which comprises the following steps: 1) Lightning location, lightning strike path, lightning atmospheric electric field data, and external meteorological data are connected to the server and enter the intranet; 2) The seven meteorological elements, weather phenomenon observation, fire monitoring, distributed temperature, flooding, and snow accumulation sensors are connected to the edge computing terminal and connected to the server through the intranet; 3) Design a disaster response monitoring and early warning module in the integrated lightning positioning system to realize the display, query and application of monitoring and early warning data.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: In the step 1), lightning positioning is when an electromagnetic wave signal is generated when lightning occurs. The detection station will perform blind detection on the lightning signal based on the signal recognition model, and the obtained effective lightning signal will be transmitted to the central station in a multi-channel manner. The central station will use the electromagnetic signal information of more than three stations and adopt a method combining the direction method and the time difference method to perform positioning processing. The lightning information obtained by the central station will be transmitted to the application system and sent to the majority of users; the lightning path uses a highly sensitive optical trigger and edge intelligent perception of the lightning process, and the lightning optical image is recorded in real time and automatically sent to the remote server. The returned lightning optical image provides sufficient data information for analyzing lightning phenomena and preventing lightning disasters on transmission lines.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: In the step 1), it is necessary to establish a lightning warning, build a multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, use a numerical forecast model to forecast lightning potential, and compare it with lightning ground flash data in real time, dynamically correct lightning forecast errors, and select temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction, and convection index multi-dimensional warning parameters based on GFS model forecast data and radar echo data. After feature screening, 11 features with the greatest correlation with the occurrence of lightning are obtained, and then the feature parameters are assimilated. Using a neural network algorithm model, the area where lightning may occur is obtained, realizing a 0-72 hour lightning potential forecast; establish a lightning ... dynamically correct lightning forecast errors; A simulation method that couples the time, space, and intensity dynamic processes with the line topology, operating characteristics, and insulation performance is proposed. By analyzing the frequency of lightning strikes, a dynamic classification and mining method for thunderstorm processes based on wavelet transform is proposed, and an automatic analysis method for the relationship between the time, space, and intensity dynamic processes of lightning and the line topology is established. A real-time assessment method for lightning risk is proposed that comprehensively considers the spatial and temporal randomness of lightning strikes and the applicability of three-dimensional electrical geometric models. The real-time quantitative calculation of the lightning strike probability of conductors, lightning conductors, and the earth when a thunderstorm is approaching is realized, and the ratio of lightning strikes that exceed the lightning resistance level of line towers within the warning time window is calculated in real time, so as to realize the probability warning of lightning flashover risk.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: In the step 2), the rainstorm warning is divided into short-term warning and medium-term warning; the strong wind warning is divided into short-term warning and medium-term warning; the wind monitoring warning is a cloud-based composite algorithm based on the typhoon forecast network, satellite, and ground correction. The typhoon positioning product formed by the cloud-based satellite has a time limit of 10 minutes and times; the snow disaster and cold wave warning is divided into short-term warning and medium-term warning; the haze monitoring is mainly based on a cloud-end composite algorithm based on satellite and regional assimilation forecast and ground correction.

[0010] On the other hand, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on satellite data comprises a meteorological element observation station, a weather phenomenon observation instrument, a lightning early warning sensor, a lightning strike path monitoring device, an intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device, a 4G router and a power supply module. The meteorological elements of the meteorological element observation station mainly include atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, rainfall and irradiation. The weather phenomenon observation instrument emits infrared light pulses and measures the size and speed of precipitation particles passing through the instrument sampling area, and uses appropriate algorithms. The method converts the measured signal value into different weather phenomena and outputs it in a certain code. The lightning warning sensor constructs a multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, adopts a numerical prediction model to predict the lightning potential, and compares it with the lightning ground flash data in real time to dynamically correct the lightning forecast error. The lightning strike path monitoring device uses a highly sensitive optical trigger and edge intelligence to perceive the lightning strike process, records the lightning strike optical image in real time and automatically sends it to a remote server. The intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal equipment and the 4G router provide communication support, and the power module supplies power to the entire device.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device includes three components: a communication gateway, a LoRaWAN network server, and a communication manager. The communication gateway provides communication driver services for serial ports and GPS to TCP and IP protocols, and executes TCP connection management and data transparent transmission and distribution services of third-party software; the LoRaWAN network server provides LoRaWAN network services, terminal node access authentication, gateway access control, LoRaWAN protocol parsing, data transmission, data encryption and decryption, and data format conversion functions; the communication manager provides port configuration management functions for the communication box.

[0012] On the other hand, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data, which includes three functional modules: multi-source data acquisition, data preprocessing and quality control, and data maintenance and management. The multi-source data acquisition module realizes automatic data acquisition. In this stage, multi-source data such as satellite, radar, sounding, and ground-based observation are acquired according to project requirements. The data preprocessing and quality control module performs data quality and integrity checks, preprocessing, quality control, and format conversion operations to achieve the unification of data structure and file format. The data maintenance and management module is used to realize the compression, scheduled backup, and scheduled cleanup functions of all system data, including input data, intermediate results, output products, and system log files.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The multi-source data acquisition module includes several functional units, including acquisition task management, acquisition task execution, and data acquisition log generation. The acquisition task management unit manages the data acquisition process in a task manner to achieve data scalability requirements. Task management requires task creation, termination, and priority setting functions. The acquisition task execution unit downloads the relevant information data in a specified manner and stores the information data in accordance with data management requirements. The data acquisition log generation: generates monitoring log information for storage based on the execution status of various data acquisition tasks running in real time.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The data preprocessing and quality control include several functional units, including data quality inspection, satellite data reprojection and format conversion, radar data quality control and format conversion, sounding data quality control and format conversion, and ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion. The data quality inspection unit performs quality inspection and quality control on the input observation data. The satellite data reprojection and format conversion unit reprojects satellite data of different bands and strips to the mode partition area, and changes the format to the NetCDF standard data interface. The radar data quality control and format conversion unit changes the radar data format to the standard data interface. The sounding data quality control and format conversion unit and the ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion unit change the ground, sounding, GPS, and MET data formats to the standard data interface.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: The data maintenance and management includes several functional units such as data cataloging management, data backup, and data cleaning. The data maintenance and management includes a data cataloging management unit that performs cataloging management on acquired and produced data, configures different directories to store various types of information, and designs and plans the storage structure of the project. The data backup unit regularly compresses and backs up data, and the data backup cycle, path, archiving address, and path parameters can be set. The data cleaning unit mainly cleans up invalid data, overdue data, and non-standard data files, regularly checks disk partition space, and clears the disk in time. The data cleaning cycle and cleaning path parameters can be set.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by means of satellite-ground intelligent equipment, the overall disaster warning and emergency response are planned from the perspective of external natural risks and internal risks of transmission channels, key substations, and important people's livelihood power supply guarantee equipment. The disaster prevention guard is an intelligent hardware device that combines the needs of power grid business for extreme weather emergency measures and disaster prevention and mitigation, and adopts intelligent Internet of Things technology and artificial intelligence algorithms. This device makes up for the traditional mode of traditional Internet of Things devices that monitor more and analyze later, but predict less and warn in advance. Combined with the new generation of numerical prediction algorithms and artificial intelligence edge algorithms, it can achieve early detection, early prevention, and early intervention of future risks, and escort the safety of the power grid. At the same time, the device has powerful expansion capabilities, and can be compatible with the existing environmental collection sensors of the integrated power grid, providing a smart brain for the intelligent centralized management of power grid secondary equipment and comprehensive big data analysis.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the mode of disaster prevention guard master station-distributed collection terminal is adopted through intelligent collection. The master station is composed of edge computing terminal and core sensor. The distributed collection terminal can be composed of water immersion, temperature, atmospheric detection and video sensors, which can be selected and deployed according to the current situation.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, the lightning fault location auxiliary system combines the ground lightning data of the power grid and the lightning location data of the meteorological bureau. On the basis of the artificial intelligence algorithm, the terrain data of each tower, historical fault data, and lightning protection level data are added. Through the prediction technology, it can accurately locate which tower is struck by lightning and has a circuit breaker, and transmit this information to the construction team leader, which can greatly reduce the time spent by the construction team on patrolling the line during the emergency repair process, and greatly improve the emergency repair efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A process for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 A process for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lightning location principle in a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lightning warning principle in a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data.

[0023] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on satellite data.

[0024] Figure 6 This is an overall block diagram of a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data.

[0025] Figure 7 The present invention is a block diagram of a multi-source data acquisition module in a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data.

[0026] Figure 8 The block diagram is a data preprocessing and quality control module in a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data.

[0027] Fig. 9 The block diagram is a data maintenance and management module in a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data.

[0028] Legend: 1. Meteorological element observation station; 2. Weather phenomenon observation instrument; 3. Lightning warning sensor; 4. Lightning strike path monitoring device; 5. Intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal equipment; 6. 4G router; 7. Power module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiment of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but only represents the selected embodiment of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "inside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] See also Figure 5The present invention provides a technical solution: a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on satellite data, comprising a meteorological element observation station 1, a weather phenomenon observation instrument 2, a lightning early warning sensor 3, a lightning strike path monitoring device 4, an intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device 5, a 4G router 6 and a power module 7. The meteorological elements of the meteorological element observation station 1 mainly include atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, rainfall and irradiation. The weather phenomenon observation instrument 2 emits infrared light pulses and measures the size and speed of precipitation particles passing through the instrument sampling area. The measurement signal value is converted into the value by an appropriate algorithm. Converted into different weather phenomena and output with certain codes, the lightning warning sensor 3 constructs multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, adopts numerical prediction model to predict lightning potential, and compares it with lightning ground flash data in real time, dynamically corrects lightning prediction error, the lightning strike path monitoring device 4 uses high-sensitivity optical trigger and edge intelligence to perceive the lightning strike process, records the lightning strike optical image in real time and automatically sends it to the remote server, the intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device 5 and the 4G router 6 provide communication support, and the power module 7 supplies power to the entire device; The intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device 5 includes three components: a communication gateway, a LoRaWAN network server, and a communication manager. The communication gateway provides serial port and GPS to TCP, IP protocol communication driver services, and executes TCP connection management of third-party software and data transparent transmission and distribution services; the LoRaWAN network server provides LoRaWAN network services, terminal node access authentication, gateway access control, LoRaWAN protocol parsing, data transmission, data encryption and decryption, and data format conversion functions; the communication manager provides port configuration management functions for the communication box; See also Figure 6-9The present invention provides a technical solution: a regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data, which includes three functional modules: multi-source data acquisition, data preprocessing and quality control, and data maintenance and management. The multi-source data acquisition module realizes automatic data acquisition. In this stage, multi-source data of satellite, radar, sounding, and ground-based observation are acquired according to project requirements. The data preprocessing and quality control module performs data quality and integrity inspection, preprocessing, quality control, and format conversion operations to achieve the unification of data structure and file format. The data maintenance and management module is used to realize the compression, scheduled backup, and scheduled cleaning functions of all system data, including input data, intermediate results, output products, and system log files. According to project requirements, the automatic acquisition of multi-source data of satellite, radar, sounding, and ground-based observation is realized. The data collection process is mainly executed in the form of task scheduling. According to the different requirements of the data required by each business, collection tasks with different time frequencies, different target elements, and different lag times can be configured to complete data collection and storage. The main data acquisition channels are as follows: ground data is retrieved from the CIMISS database of the Meteorological Bureau by retrieving the ground hourly automatic station data, sounding data is retrieved from the CIMISS database of the Meteorological Bureau by retrieving the high-altitude timing value data, satellite data is obtained through FTP by obtaining the first-level products of the Japanese Himawari 8 satellite with 500m, 1km, and 2km resolutions on an hourly basis, and Fengyun series satellite data is obtained in the form of shared files, and radar data is retrieved from the CIMISS database of the Meteorological Bureau by retrieving the single-station Doppler radar base data; The multi-source data acquisition module includes several functional units, namely, acquisition task management, acquisition task execution, and data acquisition log generation. The acquisition task management unit manages the data acquisition process in a task manner to achieve the data scalability requirements. Task management requires the functions of task creation, termination, and priority setting. The acquisition task execution unit downloads the data involved in a specified manner and stores the data in accordance with the data management requirements. The data acquisition log generation: generates monitoring log information for storage based on the execution status of various data acquisition tasks running in real time; The data preprocessing and quality control include several functional units, including data quality inspection, satellite data reprojection and format conversion, radar data quality control and format conversion, sounding data quality control and format conversion, and ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion. The data quality inspection unit performs quality inspection and quality control on the input observation data. The satellite data reprojection and format conversion unit reprojects satellite data of different bands and strips to the mode partition area, and changes the format to the NetCDF standard data interface. The radar data quality control and format conversion unit changes the radar data format to the standard data interface. The sounding data quality control and format conversion unit and the ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion unit change the ground, sounding, GPS, and MET data formats to the standard data interface. The data maintenance and management includes several functional units such as data cataloging management, data backup, and data cleaning. The data maintenance and management includes a data cataloging management unit that performs cataloging management on acquired and produced data, configures different directories to store various types of information, and designs and plans the storage structure of the project. The data backup unit regularly compresses and backs up data, and the data backup cycle, path, archiving address, and path parameters can be set. The data cleaning unit mainly cleans up invalid data, overdue data, and non-standard data files, regularly checks disk partition space, and clears the disk in time. The data cleaning cycle and cleaning path parameters can be set.

[0031] Example: S01: Lightning location, lightning strike path, lightning atmospheric electric field data, and external meteorological data are connected to the server and enter the intranet; lightning location is when lightning occurs and generates electromagnetic wave signals. The detection station will blindly test the lightning signals based on the signal recognition model. The obtained effective lightning signals are transmitted to the central station by multi-channel means. The central station will use the direction method and the time difference method to carry out positioning processing based on the electromagnetic signal information of more than three stations. The lightning information obtained by the central station will be transmitted to the application system and sent to the majority of users. The lightning location system consists of three major sections: the detection station, the central station, and the lightning information application system. Since the electromagnetic signal will be distorted by various factors during the propagation process, some lightning electromagnetic waves affected by the propagation may not be captured by the detection station. Therefore, the identification model and implementation method of the detection station are crucial. A fully digital ground-to-ground lightning signal model is used at the detection station, which includes two parallel signal recognition models. One uses modified engineering judgment conditions to identify and record waveforms, and the other uses a digital recognition model with appropriately relaxed constraints to cache recognition signal data to participate in system-level secondary signal recognition and solve the problem of missed lightning signals with weak characteristics. The positioning calculation of the central station can only be performed based on electromagnetic signals from more than three stations. The simultaneous reception efficiency of multiple stations has a great impact on the efficient operation of the entire system. The use of cluster technology to build the central station of the lightning positioning system and the use of multi-level feedback intelligent recognition technology can effectively solve the problem of low simultaneous reception rate of system detection signals and ensure the reliability, real-time and stability of the system.Based on the data screening, combined optimization and genetic particle swarm algorithm of multiple detection stations, the lightning precise positioning method realizes the rapid iterative calculation of the optimal solution for lightning positioning on the earth ellipsoid and the combined optimization of massive detection data, which can effectively reduce the lightning positioning error; the lightning path uses high-sensitivity optical triggers and edge intelligent perception of the lightning process, records the lightning optical image in real time and automatically sends it to the remote server. The lightning optical image sent back provides sufficient data information for analyzing lightning phenomena and preventing lightning disasters on transmission lines, and can realize the objective identification of the cause and nature of lightning faults, improve the accuracy of fault analysis, further enrich the data composition of the lightning monitoring system, provide visual evidence for lightning intensity and lightning type data indicators, provide first-hand data for the study of lightning strike mechanism of transmission lines, and provide a reliable basis for the judgment of the nature of lightning faults on transmission lines; it is necessary to establish lightning warning, construct multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, use numerical prediction models to predict lightning potential, and compare it with lightning ground flash data in real time to dynamically correct lightning Forecast error, based on GFS model forecast data and radar echo data, multi-dimensional warning parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction, and convection index are selected. After feature screening, 11 features with the greatest correlation with the occurrence of lightning are obtained, and then the feature parameters are assimilated. The neural network algorithm model is used to obtain the area where lightning may occur, and the 0-72 hour lightning potential forecast is realized; a simulation method for coupling the dynamic process of lightning time, space, and intensity with the line topology, operating characteristics, and insulation performance is established. Through the analysis of lightning strike frequency, a dynamic classification and mining method for thunderstorm processes based on wavelet transform is proposed, and an automatic analysis method for the relationship between the dynamic process of lightning time, space, and intensity and the line topology is established. A real-time lightning risk assessment method that comprehensively considers the spatial and temporal randomness of lightning strikes and the applicability of three-dimensional electrical geometric models is used to realize real-time quantitative calculation of the probability of lightning strikes on conductors, lightning rods, and the earth when a thunderstorm is approaching. The ratio of lightning strikes that exceed the lightning resistance level of line towers within the warning time window is calculated in real time to realize the probability warning of lightning flashover risk;. S02: Seven meteorological elements, weather phenomenon observation, fire monitoring, distributed temperature, flooding, and snow accumulation sensors are connected to the edge computing terminal and connected to the server through the intranet; rainstorm warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; strong wind warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; wind monitoring and warnings are cloud-based composite algorithms based on the typhoon forecast network, satellites, and ground corrections. The typhoon positioning products formed by cloud-based satellites have a time limit of 10 minutes and times; snowstorm and cold wave warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; haze monitoring is mainly based on a cloud-end composite algorithm that integrates satellite and regional assimilation forecasts and ground corrections. The weather phenomenon instrument is an instrument that monitors weather phenomena using the forward scattering principle of light and is controlled by a microprocessor. It emits infrared light pulses and measures the size and speed of precipitation particles passing through the instrument sampling area. The measurement signal value is converted into different weather phenomena using an appropriate algorithm and output with a certain code; S03: Design a disaster response monitoring and early warning module in the lightning integrated positioning system to realize the display, query and application of monitoring and early warning data.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can replace or change the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning method based on satellite data, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Lightning location, lightning strike path, lightning atmospheric electric field data, and external meteorological data are connected to the server and enter the intranet; 2) The seven meteorological elements, weather phenomenon observation, fire monitoring, distributed temperature, flooding, and snow accumulation sensors are connected to the edge computing terminal and connected to the server through the intranet; 3) Design a disaster response monitoring and early warning module in the integrated lightning positioning system to realize the display, query and application of monitoring and early warning data.

2. The method for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning based on satellite data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 1), lightning positioning is when an electromagnetic wave signal is generated when lightning occurs. The detection station will perform blind detection on the lightning signal based on the signal recognition model, and the obtained effective lightning signal will be transmitted to the central station in a multi-channel manner. The central station will use the electromagnetic signal information of more than three stations and adopt a method combining the direction method and the time difference method to perform positioning processing. The lightning information obtained by the central station will be transmitted to the application system and sent to the majority of users; the lightning path uses a highly sensitive optical trigger and edge intelligent perception of the lightning process, and the lightning optical image is recorded in real time and automatically sent to the remote server. The returned lightning optical image provides sufficient data information for analyzing lightning phenomena and preventing lightning disasters on transmission lines.

3. The method for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning based on satellite data according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), it is necessary to establish a lightning warning, build a multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, use a numerical forecast model to forecast lightning potential, and compare it with lightning ground flash data in real time, dynamically correct lightning forecast errors, and select temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction, and convection index multi-dimensional warning parameters based on GFS model forecast data and radar echo data. After feature screening, 11 features with the greatest correlation with the occurrence of lightning are obtained, and then the feature parameters are assimilated. Using a neural network algorithm model, the area where lightning may occur is obtained, realizing a 0-72 hour lightning potential forecast; establish a lightning ... dynamically correct lightning forecast errors; A simulation method that couples the time, space, and intensity dynamic processes with the line topology, operating characteristics, and insulation performance is proposed. By analyzing the frequency of lightning strikes, a dynamic classification and mining method for thunderstorm processes based on wavelet transform is proposed, and an automatic analysis method for the relationship between the time, space, and intensity dynamic processes of lightning and the line topology is established. A real-time assessment method for lightning risk is proposed that comprehensively considers the spatial and temporal randomness of lightning strikes and the applicability of three-dimensional electrical geometric models. The real-time quantitative calculation of the lightning strike probability of conductors, lightning conductors, and the earth when a thunderstorm is approaching is realized, and the ratio of lightning strikes that exceed the lightning resistance level of line towers within the warning time window is calculated in real time, so as to realize the probability warning of lightning flashover risk.

4. The method for regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning based on satellite data according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), rainstorm warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; strong wind warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; wind monitoring warnings are cloud-based composite algorithms based on the typhoon forecast network, satellites, and ground corrections. The typhoon positioning product formed by cloud-based satellites has a time limit of 10 minutes and times; snowstorm and cold wave warnings are divided into short-term warnings and medium- and long-term warnings; Haze monitoring is mainly based on a cloud-end composite algorithm that integrates satellite and regional assimilation forecasts and ground corrections.

5. A regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on satellite data as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a meteorological element observation station (1), a weather phenomenon observation instrument (2), a lightning warning sensor (3), a lightning strike path monitoring device (4), an intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device (5), a 4G router (6) and a power module (7). The meteorological elements of the meteorological element observation station (1) mainly include atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, rainfall and radiation. The weather phenomenon observation instrument (2) emits infrared light pulses and measures the size and speed of precipitation particles passing through the instrument sampling area. The measured signal value is converted into different weather phenomena using an appropriate algorithm, and the measured signal value is converted into different weather phenomena using an appropriate algorithm. A certain code output is generated, the lightning warning sensor (3) constructs a multi-dimensional warning parameter time-space assimilation fusion analysis technology, uses a numerical prediction model to predict lightning potential, and compares it with lightning ground flash data in real time to dynamically correct lightning prediction errors, the lightning strike path monitoring device (4) uses a highly sensitive optical trigger and edge intelligence to sense the lightning strike process, records the lightning strike optical image in real time and automatically sends it to a remote server, the intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device (5) and the 4G router (6) provide communication support, and the power module (7) supplies power to the entire device.

6. The regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on satellite data according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent disaster prevention data acquisition edge computing terminal device (5) comprises three components: a communication gateway, a LoRaWAN network server, and a communication manager. The communication gateway provides a communication driver service for serial port and GPS to TCP and IP protocols, and performs TCP connection management and data transparent transmission and distribution services of third-party software; the LoRaWAN network server provides LoRaWAN network services, terminal node access authentication, gateway access control, LoRaWAN protocol parsing, data transmission, data encryption and decryption, and data format conversion functions; and the communication manager provides a port configuration management function for the communication box.

7. A regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes three functional modules: multi-source data acquisition, data preprocessing and quality control, and data maintenance and management. The multi-source data acquisition module realizes the automatic acquisition of data. In this stage, multi-source data such as satellite, radar, sounding, and ground-based observation are acquired according to project requirements. The data preprocessing and quality control module performs data quality and integrity checks, preprocessing, quality control, and format conversion operations to achieve the unification of data structure and file format. The data maintenance and management module is used to realize the compression, scheduled backup, and scheduled cleanup of all system data, including input data, intermediate results, output products, and system log files.

8. The regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The multi-source data acquisition module includes several functional units: collection task management, collection task execution, and data collection log generation. The collection task management unit manages the data collection process in a task manner to achieve data scalability requirements. Task management requires task creation, termination, and priority setting functions. The collection task execution unit downloads the relevant information data in a specified manner and stores the information data in accordance with data management requirements. The data collection log generation: generates monitoring log information based on the execution status of various data collection tasks running in real time for storage.

9. The regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data preprocessing and quality control module includes several functional units, including data quality inspection, satellite data reprojection and format conversion, radar data quality control and format conversion, sounding data quality control and format conversion, and ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion. The data quality inspection unit performs quality inspection and quality control on the input observation data. The satellite data reprojection and format conversion unit reprojects satellite data of different bands and strips to the mode partition area, and changes the format to the NetCDF standard data interface. The radar data quality control and format conversion unit changes the radar data format to the standard data interface. The sounding data quality control and format conversion unit and the ground-based observation data quality control and format conversion unit change the ground, sounding, GPS, and MET data formats to the standard data interface.

10. The regional meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning system based on satellite data according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data maintenance and management module includes several functional units such as data cataloging management, data backup, and data cleaning. The data maintenance and management includes a data cataloging management unit that performs cataloging management on acquired and produced data, configures different directories to store various types of information, and designs and plans the storage structure of the project. The data backup unit regularly compresses and backs up data, and the data backup cycle, path, archiving address, and path parameters can be set. The data cleaning unit mainly cleans up invalid data, overdue data, and non-standard data files, regularly checks disk partition space, and clears the disk in time. The data cleaning cycle and cleaning path parameters can be set.

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