A protective short-circuit-resistant relay

Abstract

The present invention discloses a protective short-circuit-proof relay, comprising a base, a side plate is provided on one side of the top of the base, and a shell is connected between the other side of the top of the base and the side plate, an electromagnetic coil is installed on the top of the base, and a bracket is installed on the top of the base between the electromagnetic coil and the shell, a horizontal plate is rotatably connected to the bracket, and an armature is connected to the horizontal plate. In the protective short-circuit-proof relay, when the electromagnetic coil is energized and the armature is attracted to drive the moving contact to approach the second static contact, the second connecting piece moves downward in the cylinder body through the sliding rod pressed by the shifting frame, so that the cylinder body discharges air downward through the narrower first opening on the opening plate. Since the diameter of the first opening is limited, the exhaust effect is limited, thereby playing a buffering effect, thereby avoiding the rapid collision when the moving contact contacts the second static contact, which causes crack damage to the contact over a long period of time, thereby extending the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of relay equipment, in particular to a protective short-circuit-resistant relay. Background Art

[0002] Relay, as a key component in electrical engineering, is known for its unique ability to control high-power circuits with low-power signals. Its core components include coils, iron cores and contacts. When current flows through the coil, the magnetic field generated attracts the iron core to move, thereby changing the connection state of the contacts and achieving precise on-off control of the circuit. Relays play a vital role in the fields of automation control and electrical protection. They can not only isolate high voltages, but also achieve remote control, thereby significantly improving the safety of the system.

[0003] However, a significant flaw in the design of existing relays is that they lack automatic protection under short-circuit conditions. When the relay is overheated internally, has insufficient heat dissipation, or is under high load for a long time, the moving and static contacts may stick together due to overheating, causing the contact points to remain closed and unable to open normally. This situation not only increases the risk of short circuits, but may also cause more serious faults in the circuit. Once a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the sharp increase in current will cause the contacts of the relay to bear excessive current, and the overload state will quickly generate a lot of heat, which may eventually cause the relay to burn out or even cause a safety accident.

[0004] In order to meet these challenges, it is crucial to develop a new type of relay. This relay should be able to automatically start the protection mechanism when a short circuit or overheating is detected. It needs to have fast response capabilities and high reliability to prevent damage caused by short circuits or overheating and ensure the stable operation of the circuit system. The design of the new relay should be able to provide effective protection under various extreme conditions, thereby significantly improving the safety and durability of the system and bringing more reliable protection to the electrical system.

[0005] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to carry out innovative design based on the original relay. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention aims at the technical problem that the existing technical solution is too single, and provides a solution of a protective anti-short-circuit relay which is significantly different from the existing technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a protective short-circuit-proof relay, comprising a base, a side plate is provided on one side of the top of the base, and a shell is connected between the other side of the top of the base and the side plate, an electromagnetic coil is installed on the top of the base, and a bracket is installed on the top of the base between the electromagnetic coil and the shell, a horizontal plate is rotatably connected to the bracket, and an armature is connected to the horizontal plate, a first connecting piece is connected to the horizontal plate, and a second connecting piece is connected to the first connecting piece, and a first memory alloy spring is connected between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece for pushing the second connecting piece when short-circuit overheating occurs, a moving contact is provided on the second connecting piece, and the moving contact is located between the first static contact and the second static contact, the first static contact and the second static contact are provided on the side plate, a buffering opening structure for pushing open the second connecting piece when short-circuit overheating occurs, a locking structure is provided on one side of the shell, and a heat dissipation component is installed on the top of the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the second connecting piece is rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the first connecting piece.

[0009] Preferably, the movable contact is configured as a hemispherical arc shaped structure which can increase the contact surface, and the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact are provided with a hemispherical arc shaped groove which can be engaged with the movable contact.

[0010] Preferably, the buffered top opening structure includes a cylinder, a sliding rod, a shift rack, an opening plate, and a second memory alloy spring. The side plate is connected to the cylinder below one side of the second static contact. The cylinder is slidably connected with a sliding rod. The upper end of the sliding rod is located in the shift rack, and the shift rack is connected to the second connecting plate. The cylinder is provided with an opening plate, and a second memory alloy spring is connected between the bottom of the opening plate and the bottom of the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the opening plate is provided with a first opening and a plurality of second openings which both pass through the upper and lower end surfaces, and each second opening is rotatably connected to a cover plate for sealing the second opening, the bottom of the cylinder is arranged in a mesh shape, the sliding rod is arranged in an "I" type structure, and the upper and lower ends of the sliding rod are respectively engaged and slidably connected with the shifting frame and the cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the locking structure includes a first piston cylinder, a second piston cylinder, a block, a slide rod, a return spring, and a nut. The first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are respectively provided on one side of the shell, and the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are connected. The piston end of the second piston cylinder is connected with a block, and the block is slidably connected with a slide rod, a return spring is connected between the outer wall of one end of the slide rod and the block, and the outer wall of the other end of the slide rod passes through the outer wall of the shell and is connected to a nut.

[0013] Preferably, the slide rod is arranged as a "cross"-shaped structure, and the slide rod is arranged as an arc-shaped surface at one side of the inner end of the shell close to the base, and the slide rod is threadedly connected to the nut.

[0014] Preferably, the heat dissipation component includes a first enclosure, a thermal energy fan assembly, an air outlet, a blocking plate, a second enclosure, an air duct, a filter plate, a cover, a heat-conducting rod, and a third memory alloy spring. A first enclosure is provided on the top of the shell, and a thermal energy fan assembly is installed in the first enclosure. Several air outlets are opened in the first enclosure at the top of the shell, each of the air outlets is rotatably connected to a blocking plate, and a heat-conducting column passing through the top of the shell is connected to the thermal energy fan assembly. The outer wall of the shell is connected to a second enclosure that passes through its outer wall, and several air ducts are provided in the second enclosure, and a filter plate is installed at the opening of the second enclosure. Several heat-conducting rods are passed through the outer wall of the shell at equal angles around the second enclosure, and a cover is connected to the sliding limiter on the heat-conducting rod, and a third memory alloy spring is connected between the cover and the end of the heat-conducting rod.

[0015] Preferably, both ends of the air duct are configured as wide and narrow opening structures, and one end of the air duct close to the shell is configured as a narrow opening.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with traditional relays, the protective anti-short-circuit relay has a smaller contact area when the contacts are in contact, and a larger amount of heat will be generated at the contact points when the current passes through, which may lead to heat accumulation, thereby increasing the risk of short circuit or fire. The improvement of the present application is that the moving contact adopts a hemispherical arc shape structure. This design not only optimizes the shape of the contact, but also the first static contact and the second static contact that match it are also provided with corresponding hemispherical arc shape grooves. This ingenious geometric design significantly increases the actual contact area between the contacts, thereby effectively reducing the generation of resistance and heat. In this way, we not only improve the electrical performance of the relay, but also significantly reduce the safety hazards caused by heat accumulation, ensuring the stable operation and safe use of the equipment.

[0017] By setting the buffering top-opening structure, when the electromagnetic coil is energized and the armature is attracted to drive the moving contact close to the second static contact, the second connecting piece moves downward in the cylinder body by pressing the sliding rod through the shifting frame, so that the air in the cylinder body is discharged downward through the narrower first opening on the opening plate. Since the size of the first opening is limited, the exhaust effect is limited, thereby achieving a buffering effect, thereby avoiding rapid collision when the moving contact and the second static contact come into contact, which would cause cracks and damage to the contacts in the long run, thereby extending the service life.

[0018] In addition, this design can effectively prevent the adhesion of the moving contact and the static contact by cleverly utilizing the synergistic effect of the second connecting piece and the first memory alloy spring, whether it is a short circuit caused by overheating inside the relay or an overload caused by a short circuit that causes the relay to overheat. When a short circuit occurs, the heat is quickly transferred to the first memory alloy spring and the second memory alloy spring through the second connecting piece. When the memory alloy spring is heated to a specific temperature, it will deform. This change causes the second connecting piece to rotate on the first connecting piece, driving the moving contact and the second static contact to quickly separate, thereby disconnecting the contact.

[0019] This design ensures that the moving and static contacts can be quickly disconnected in the event of a short circuit, preventing the circuit from being continuously energized and potentially damaged. The first memory alloy spring and the second memory alloy spring are located on both sides of the moving contact, and their position design allows them to provide a more stable force when the moving contact and the static contact are stuck, effectively pushing the second connecting piece and the moving contact to separate from the static contact. This innovative mechanism not only improves the safety of the relay, but also enhances its reliability and durability under extreme conditions.

[0020] By setting the locking structure and precisely controlling the position of the nut on the slide bar, the flexible switching between the automatic reset and manual reset modes after the internal temperature of the relay drops is achieved. In the manual reset mode, once a short circuit occurs, the rotation of the second connecting piece will drive the moving contact to separate from the second static contact. During this process, the second connecting piece will contact the arc surface of the end of the slide bar and pass over the slide bar by squeezing. Subsequently, under the push of the reset spring, the slide bar automatically resets, and its end is located below the second connecting piece. When the internal temperature of the relay drops, the first and second memory alloy springs cool and reset, and they pre-drive the second connecting piece to rotate and reset. At this time, the end of the slide bar limits the second connecting piece, ensuring that the second connecting piece can only be reset after the slide bar is pulled out of the limit on the second connecting piece under manual operation, so that the moving contact and the second static contact can be re-contacted.

[0021] On the contrary, in the automatic reset mode, after the internal cooling of the relay, the second connecting piece automatically resets without obstruction, so that the moving contact and the second static contact re-contact to achieve reset. This design allows users to easily switch the reset mode according to actual needs, significantly enhancing the safety and operational flexibility of the relay device. Through this intelligent locking mechanism, the relay can not only respond quickly in emergency situations, but also provide stable and reliable performance in normal operation.

[0022] Through the setting of the heat dissipation components, when the internal temperature rises, the thermal fan assembly can be automatically activated to rotate. Suction force is generated to effectively discharge the hot air in the shell to the external environment through the air outlet. At the same time, due to the effect of negative pressure suction, the cold air from the outside is filtered and dehumidified by the filter plate, and then reasonably diverted through the air duct. Under the influence of the Bernoulli principle, the cold air further reduces its temperature after passing through the narrow opening of the air duct, and then enters the shell to absorb heat and cool down, and is discharged from the air outlet again, realizing rapid cooling of the environment inside the shell.

[0023] In addition, the manufacturing ratio of the third memory alloy spring ensures that its trigger temperature is much higher than that of the first and second memory alloy springs, providing additional safety protection. In extreme cases, such as when the temperature inside the shell reaches the ignition point and a fire occurs, the third memory alloy spring will quickly deform through the heat energy received by the heat-conducting rod, and push the cover to block the second enclosure, cutting off the path for outside air to enter the shell. At the same time, the air inside the shell is quickly drawn outwards by the thermal fan assembly, effectively controlling and extinguishing the fire.

[0024] This innovative heat dissipation and safety system not only improves the reliability and stability of the relay, but also provides the ability to respond quickly in emergency situations, significantly enhancing the safety and flexibility of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the movable contact and the first stationary contact in the contact state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the contact state between the movable contact and the second stationary contact of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the second connecting piece of the present invention in a state where the second connecting piece is away from the first connecting piece;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air duct of the present invention from top view;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the manual reset mode of the locking structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the automatic reset mode of the locking structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the air duct of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, base; 2, side plate; 3, housing; 4, electromagnetic coil; 5, bracket; 6, horizontal plate; 7, armature; 8, first connecting plate; 9, second connecting plate; 10, first memory alloy spring; 11, moving contact; 12, first static contact; 13, second static contact; 14, buffer top opening structure; 1401, cylinder; 1402, sliding rod; 1403, pull frame; 1404, opening plate; 1405, second memory alloy spring; 15, locking structure; 1501, first piston cylinder; 1502, second piston cylinder; 1503, block; 1504, slide rod; 1505, return spring; 1506, nut; 16, heat dissipation component; 1601, first enclosure; 1602, thermal fan assembly; 1603, air outlet; 1604, blocking plate; 1605, second enclosure; 1606, air duct; 1607, filter plate; 1608, cover; 1609, heat conducting rod; 1610, third memory alloy spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1-9The present invention provides a technical solution: a protective anti-short circuit relay, including a base 1, a side plate 2, a housing 3, an electromagnetic coil 4, a bracket 5, a horizontal plate 6, an armature 7, a first connecting piece 8, a second connecting piece 9, a first memory alloy spring 10, a moving contact 11, a first static contact 12, a second static contact 13, a buffer top opening structure 14, a cylinder 1401, a sliding rod 1402, a pull frame 1403, an opening plate 1404, and a second memory alloy spring 1405, locking structure 15, first piston cylinder 1501, second piston cylinder 1502, block 1503, slide rod 1504, return spring 1505, nut 1506, heat dissipation component 16, first enclosure 1601, thermal fan assembly 1602, air outlet 1603, blocking plate 1604, second enclosure 1605, air duct 1606, filter plate 1607, cover 1608, heat conducting rod 1609, third memory alloy spring 16 10. A side plate 2 is provided on one side of the top of the base 1, and a shell 3 is connected between the other side of the top of the base 1 and the side plate 2. An electromagnetic coil 4 is installed on the top of the base 1, and a bracket 5 is installed on the top of the base 1 between the electromagnetic coil 4 and the shell 3. A cross plate 6 is rotatably connected to the bracket 5, and an armature 7 is connected to the cross plate 6. A first connecting piece 8 is connected to the cross plate 6, and a second connecting piece 9 is connected to the first connecting piece 8, and a first memory alloy spring 10 is connected between the first connecting piece 8 and the second connecting piece 9 for pushing the second connecting piece 9 when short circuit overheating occurs. A moving contact 11 is provided on the second connecting piece 9, and the moving contact 11 is located between the first static contact 12 and the second static contact 13. The first static contact 12 and the second static contact 13 are provided on the side plate 2. A buffer opening structure 14 for opening the second connecting piece 9 when short circuit overheating occurs is provided on the side plate 2. A locking structure 15 is provided on one side of the shell 3, and a heat dissipation component 16 is installed on the top of the shell 3.

[0037] The end of the second connecting piece 9 is rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the first connecting piece 8 .

[0038] The moving contact 11 is configured as a hemispherical arc structure that can increase the contact surface, and the first stationary contact 12 and the second stationary contact 13 are provided with hemispherical arc grooves that can be engaged with the moving contact 11 .

[0039] The buffering top opening structure 14 includes a cylinder 1401, a sliding rod 1402, a shifting frame 1403, an opening plate 1404, and a second memory alloy spring 1405. The cylinder 1401 is connected to the side plate 2 below the second static contact 13. The sliding rod 1402 is slidably connected in the cylinder 1401. The upper end of the sliding rod 1402 is located in the shifting frame 1403, and the shifting frame 1403 is connected to the second connecting piece 9. An opening plate 1404 is provided in the cylinder 1401, and a second memory alloy spring 1405 is connected between the bottom of the opening plate 1404 and the bottom of the cylinder 1401.

[0040] The opening plate 1404 is provided with a first opening and a plurality of second openings which penetrate the upper and lower end surfaces, and each second opening is rotatably connected with a cover plate for sealing the second opening. The bottom of the cylinder 1401 is arranged in a mesh shape, the sliding rod 1402 is arranged in an "I" type structure, and the upper and lower ends of the sliding rod 1402 are respectively engaged and slidably connected with the shifting frame 1403 and the cylinder 1401.

[0041] The locking structure 15 includes a first piston cylinder 1501, a second piston cylinder 1502, a block 1503, a slide rod 1504, a return spring 1505, and a nut 1506. The first piston cylinder 1501 and the second piston cylinder 1502 are respectively provided on one side of the shell 3, and the first piston cylinder 1501 and the second piston cylinder 1502 are connected. The piston end of the second piston cylinder 1502 is connected with a block 1503, and the slide rod 1504 is slidably connected through the block 1503. A return spring 1505 is connected between the outer wall of one end of the slide rod 1504 and the block 1503, and the outer wall of the other end of the slide rod 1504 passes through the outer wall of the shell 3 and is connected to the nut 1506.

[0042] The slide bar 1504 is configured as a "cross"-shaped structure, and the slide bar 1504 is configured as an arc-shaped surface at the inner end of the shell 3 close to the base 1, and the slide bar 1504 is threadedly connected to the nut 1506.

[0043] The heat dissipation component 16 includes a first enclosure 1601, a heat energy fan assembly 1602, an air outlet 1603, a blocking plate 1604, a second enclosure 1605, an air duct 1606, a filter plate 1607, a cover 1608, a heat conducting rod 1609, and a third memory alloy spring 1610. The first enclosure 1601 is provided on the top of the shell 3, and the heat energy fan assembly 1602 is installed in the first enclosure 1601. In addition, the first enclosure 1601 is located at the top of the shell 3 and is provided with a plurality of air outlets 1603, and each air outlet 1603 is rotatably connected to a blocking plate 1604. , and the thermal fan assembly 1602 is connected to a heat-conducting column that passes through the top of the shell 3, the outer wall of the shell 3 is connected to a second enclosure 1605 that passes through its outer wall, and a plurality of air ducts 1606 are arranged in the second enclosure 1605, and a filter plate 1607 is installed at the opening of the second enclosure 1605, and a plurality of heat-conducting rods 1609 are penetrated by the outer wall of the shell 3 at equal angles around the second enclosure 1605, and a cover 1608 is connected to the heat-conducting rod 1609 in a sliding limit manner, and a third memory alloy spring 1610 is connected between the cover 1608 and the end of the heat-conducting rod 1609.

[0044] Both ends of the air duct 1606 are configured as wide and narrow opening structures, and one end of the air duct 1606 close to the shell 3 is configured as a narrow opening.

[0045] Working principle: According to Figure 1As shown, firstly, the relay device is connected to the circuit. When working, the electromagnetic coil 4 is energized to generate magnetic attraction armature 7, driving the cross plate 6 to rotate on the bracket 5. The cross plate 6 simultaneously drives the first connecting piece 8, the second connecting piece 9 and the moving contact 11 to break away from the contact with the first static contact 12 and approach the second static contact 13. In the process of the moving contact 11 and the second static contact 13 approaching and contacting, the second connecting piece 9 is limited by the shifting frame 1403, pressing the sliding rod 1402 to move into the cylinder 1401, so that the air between the end of the sliding rod 1402 and the opening plate 1404 is discharged from the first opening on the opening plate 1404 under the action of pressing. Due to the limited caliber, the discharge speed is limited to generate resistance, which acts on the second connecting piece 9, thereby playing a certain buffering effect, avoiding damage caused by excessive contact and impact during the contact between the moving contact 11 and the second static contact 13.

[0046] The semicircular arc setting of the moving contact 11 and the second static contact 13 effectively increases the contact area. When the manual reset mode is required after a short circuit, the nut 1506 is pre-rotated to move away from one end of the reset spring 1505 on the slide rod 1504. As described above, under normal working conditions, the side of the first connecting piece 8 will squeeze and push the piston of the first piston cylinder 1501 into the cylinder body, and the internal hydraulic oil or air will enter the second piston cylinder 1502, so that the piston in the second piston cylinder 1502 moves outward, pushing the block 1503 close to the second connecting piece 9. At this time, the arc end area of ​​the slide rod 1504 is located above the second connecting piece 9;

[0047] Therefore, when the moving contact 11 and the second static contact 13 are adhered due to factors such as overheating and overload, the heat is transferred to the first memory alloy spring 10 and the second memory alloy spring 1405 through the second connecting piece 9, so that they reach the trigger temperature and deform. The second memory alloy spring 1405 pushes the opening plate 1404 and the sliding rod 1402 to push the second connecting piece 9 to move. At the same time, the first memory alloy spring 10 deforms and pushes the second connecting piece 9 to move, so that the moving contact 11 on the second connecting piece 9 is disconnected from the second static contact 13. In this process, the second connecting piece 9 will contact the sliding rod 15 04, squeezes and passes over the end of the slide bar 1504 and is located above it. Therefore, after cooling, when the first memory alloy spring 10 and the second memory alloy spring 1405 are reset, the end of the slide bar 1504 can limit the second connecting piece 9 to prevent the moving contact 11 on the second connecting piece 9 from contacting the second static contact 13. It is necessary to manually pull the slide bar 1504 so that the end of the slide bar 1504 is separated from the limit of the second connecting piece 9, so that the moving contact 11 on the second connecting piece 9 can contact the second static contact 13 and automatically reset. After cooling, the second connecting piece 9 will not be limited by the slide bar 1504;

[0048] When the temperature in the shell 3 rises, the thermal fan assembly 1602 will be triggered to rotate, and the hot air in the shell 3 will be sucked into the outside. Under the action of negative pressure, the cold air from the outside will be filtered through the filter plate 1607 and enter the air duct 1606. After further cooling after passing through the narrow opening of the air duct 1606, it will enter the shell 3 for cooling. When the temperature inside the shell 3 is high and a fire occurs, the high temperature at this time is transmitted to the third memory alloy spring 1610 through the heat conducting rod 1609, causing the third memory alloy spring 1610 to deform and push the cover 1608 to seal the second enclosure 1605, preventing outside air from entering the shell 3. Under the suction action of the thermal fan assembly 1602, the fire in the shell 3 is extinguished. This is the working principle of the protective anti-short-circuit relay.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective short-circuit-proof relay, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A side plate (2) is provided on one side of the top of the base (1), and a shell (3) is connected between the other side of the top of the base (1) and the side plate (2). An electromagnetic coil (4) is installed on the top of the base (1), and a bracket (5) is installed on the top of the base (1) between the electromagnetic coil (4) and the shell (3). A horizontal plate (6) is rotatably connected to the bracket (5), and an armature (7) is connected to the horizontal plate (6). A first connecting piece (8) is connected to the horizontal plate (6), and a second connecting piece (9) is connected to the first connecting piece (8), and a first memory joint is connected between the first connecting piece (8) and the second connecting piece (9) for pushing up the second connecting piece (9) in the event of short circuit overheating. The invention relates to a gold spring (10), a moving contact (11) is provided on the second connecting piece (9), and the moving contact (11) is located between the first static contact (12) and the second static contact (13), the first static contact (12) and the second static contact (13) are arranged on the side plate (2), and the side plate (2) is provided with a buffer opening structure (14) for opening the second connecting piece (9) in the event of short circuit overheating, a locking structure (15) is provided on one side of the shell (3), and a heat dissipation component (16) is installed on the top of the shell (3), and the heat dissipation component (16) includes a first enclosure (1601), a thermal fan assembly (1602), an air outlet (1603), a blocking plate (1604), and a first heat dissipation component (1605). The shell (3) comprises a first enclosure (1601) on the top of the shell (3), a heat energy fan assembly (1602) installed in the first enclosure (1601), and a plurality of air vents (1603) are provided in the first enclosure (1601) at the top of the shell (3), each of the air vents (1603) is rotatably connected to a blocking plate (1604), and the heat energy fan assembly (1602) is connected to a heat conduction column that passes through the top of the shell (3), and the outer wall of the shell (3) is connected to a heat conduction column that passes through the outer wall of the shell (3). The outer wall of the housing (3) is provided with a second enclosure (1605), and a plurality of air ducts (1606) are arranged inside the second enclosure (1605), and a filter plate (1607) is installed at the opening of the second enclosure (1605); a plurality of heat-conducting rods (1609) are penetrated by the outer wall of the housing (3) at equal angles around the second enclosure (1605), and a cover (1608) is connected to the heat-conducting rod (1609) by sliding limit, and a third memory alloy spring (1610) is connected between the cover (1608) and the end of the heat-conducting rod (1609); the two ends of the air duct (1606) are arranged as wide and narrow opening structures, and the end of the air duct (1606) close to the inside of the housing (3) is arranged as a narrow opening.

2. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the second connecting piece (9) is rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the first connecting piece (8).

3. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable contact (11) is configured as a hemispherical arc-shaped structure capable of increasing the contact surface, and the first stationary contact (12) and the second stationary contact (13) are provided with a hemispherical arc-shaped groove capable of engaging with the movable contact (11).

4. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffering top opening structure (14) comprises a cylinder (1401), a sliding rod (1402), a shifting frame (1403), an opening plate (1404), and a second memory alloy spring (1405); the cylinder (1401) is connected to the side plate (2) below one side of the second static contact (13); the sliding rod (1402) is slidably connected to the cylinder (1401); the upper end of the sliding rod (1402) is located in the shifting frame (1403), and the shifting frame (1403) is connected to the second connecting piece (9); the opening plate (1404) is provided in the cylinder (1401), and the second memory alloy spring (1405) is connected between the bottom of the opening plate (1404) and the bottom of the cylinder (1401).

5. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening plate (1404) is provided with a first opening and a plurality of second openings which both penetrate the upper and lower end surfaces, and each second opening is rotatably connected to a cover plate for sealing the second opening. The bottom of the cylinder (1401) is arranged in a mesh shape, the sliding rod (1402) is arranged in an "I"-shaped structure, and the upper and lower ends of the sliding rod (1402) are respectively engaged and slidably connected with the shifting frame (1403) and the cylinder (1401).

6. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure (15) comprises a first piston cylinder (1501), a second piston cylinder (1502), a block (1503), a slide rod (1504), a return spring (1505), and a nut (1506); the first piston cylinder (1501) and the second piston cylinder (1502) are respectively provided on one side of the housing (3), and the first piston cylinder (1501) and the second piston cylinder (1502) are communicated with each other; the piston end of the second piston cylinder (1502) is connected with a block (1503), and the block (1503) is penetrated and slidably connected with a slide rod (1504); a return spring (1505) is connected between the outer wall of one end of the slide rod (1504) and the block (1503), and the outer wall of the other end of the slide rod (1504) penetrates the outer wall of the housing (3) and is connected with a nut (1506).

7. A protective short-circuit-proof relay according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slide bar (1504) is configured as a "cross"-shaped structure, and a side of the slide bar (1504) located at the inner end of the housing (3) close to the base (1) is configured as an arc-shaped surface, and the slide bar (1504) and the nut (1506) are threadedly connected.

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