Pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption. The pulse power transmission system comprises a power source, a first inductor L1, a capacitor C, a load R, a second inductor L2 and a single-pole double-throw switch K, the first inductor L1, the capacitor C and the load R form a first RLC resonator, and the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator; the single-pole end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is connected between the first inductor L1 and the capacitor C, and the double-throw end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is respectively connected with the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, so that the second inductor L2, the capacitor C and the load R can form a second RLC resonator; continuous pulse power transmission is formed through periodic switching of the single-pole double-throw switch K. The invention relates to the technical field of TCPA power transmission, and can solve the problem of low power and efficiency in a traditional steady-state transmission system in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of TCPA (Transient Coherent Perfect Absorption) power transmission, and in particular to a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption. Background Art

[0002] Transient coherent perfect absorption is a cutting-edge physical phenomenon that can achieve complete absorption of energy under specific conditions. The core of TCPA is to use the principle of interference to control the phase and amplitude of different waves so that the incident wave and the reflected wave interfere with each other to achieve the effect of complete absorption. This phenomenon was first proposed and studied in optics and quantum mechanics, and has now expanded to a wider range of applications. In the TCPA system, by precisely adjusting the component parameters in the circuit or material, such as the thickness of the optical film, the refractive index of the material, and the component settings of the circuit, complete absorption of electromagnetic waves within a specific frequency and time window can be achieved. In this way, the system can maximize the use of the energy in the electromagnetic wave under this specific condition, reduce the reflection and transmission of energy, and achieve the ideal absorption effect. TCPA not only has important application prospects in scientific research, but also demonstrates its potential in practical technologies, such as in high-efficiency optical sensors, optical communications, and WPT.

[0003] Traditional power transmission solutions have the following technical problems:

[0004] The traditional RLC resonator-based power transmission equivalent circuit is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 (a), where the power source Connected to the RLC resonator, L and C represent the inductance and capacitance of the resonator respectively. and T = 2π / ω0 are the natural frequency and period of the resonator respectively. S ) and its related γ=R / 2L(γ S =Z S / 2L) represent the impedance and loss rate of the load (source) respectively. The corresponding dynamic equation can be expressed as:

[0005]

[0006] The amplitude of the resonator is a = a t +a s , among which, the evanescent wave and steady-state wave a S =A S e i ωt , The transient reflection coefficient generated by the evanescent wave and the steady-state wave is S - =St +S S , where the evanescent reflection wave and the steady-state reflection wave are expressed as and The normalized reflectance can be expressed as |S 11 | 2 =|S - / S + | 2 .

[0007] Under ideal impedance matching, the transmission efficiency of the traditional steady-state power transmission system is up to 50%. S ≠γ), the source emits a sinusoidal signal. In fact, the transient response a t It accounts for a very small part of the entire transmission process, about 7.5 cycles, as shown in the attached Figure 1 The gray shaded portion in (b) shows the main power transfer through the steady-state response. Due to the impedance mismatch in the system, the steady-state response is Figure 1 (c) shows extremely high reflectivity. The position of TCPA is shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown by the arrow position in (c), a large amount of energy is stored in the capacitor C and the inductor L and converted to each other, and is not transmitted to the load R. Therefore, the load only receives a small amount of energy P γ =2γ|a| 2 , most of the energy is absorbed by the source impedance P γs =2γ s |a| 2 Consumption, resulting in extremely low transmission efficiency: χ = P γ / (P γ +P γs )≈4.76%. Therefore, impedance mismatch is extremely detrimental to power transmission.

[0008] During the transient response, TCPA occurs due to the transient coherence between the evanescent reflected wave and the steady-state reflected wave, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown in (c):

[0009]

[0010] where η = γ S / γ represents the impedance mismatch factor.

[0011] Due to the existence of impedance mismatch, the system has extremely high reflectivity during steady-state response, and most of the energy is consumed by the source impedance, resulting in very low load power and transmission efficiency of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption, which can solve the problem of low power and efficiency in traditional steady-state transmission systems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption, which can solve the problem of low power and efficiency in traditional steady-state transmission systems in the prior art.

[0013] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0014] A pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption comprises a power source, a first inductor, a capacitor, a load, a second inductor and a single-pole double-throw switch; the first inductor, the capacitor and the load constitute a first RLC resonator, and the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator; the single-pole end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected between the first inductor and the capacitor, and the double-throw end of the single-pole double-throw switch is respectively connected to the first inductor and the second inductor, so that the second inductor can constitute a second RLC resonator with the capacitor and the load; continuous pulse power transmission is formed by periodically switching the single-pole double-throw switch.

[0015] The inductance value of the second inductor is: L2=L1 / 50.

[0016] TCPA occurs at t CPA =8.79μs, the switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch K is t m =1.51t CPA and τ m =3.02t CPA , that is, at time t∈[0,t m ), the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator, which is the charging stage. At time t∈[t m ,τ m ], the power source is connected to the second RLC resonator, which is the discharge stage.

[0017] In the pulse power transmission system, the average reflectivity is 0.19, and the average power of the load R The average power of 3.4W, source impedance Zs The average power is reduced to 3W and the transmission efficiency is increased to 53.1%.

[0018] Shorten the discharge time so that τ m The energy a0 retained in the capacitor C at the moment is used as the circuit initial value of the next charging stage, thereby adjusting the position of TCPA, reducing the initial reflectivity, and reducing the load power of the pulse power transmission system. Increased to 8.1W, average power with source impedance Zs It was reduced to 8.8W and the transmission efficiency was maintained at 47.9%.

[0019] Shorten the discharge time to τ m= 6.64μs, making τ m The energy retained in capacitor C at the moment is a0 = -3.27 × 10 -3 , as the circuit initial value for the next charging stage, TCPA occurs at t CPA =6.23μs; set the charging time to t m =2.13t CPA =13.3μs, so that the input of the power source remains continuous in each cycle.

[0020] The average reflectivity of the pulse power transmission system after optimization is 0.09, the average power of the load P γ Increased to 8.1W, the transmission efficiency remained at 47.9%.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention is provided with a second inductor and a single-pole double-throw switch, and uses the single-pole double-throw switch to periodically switch between the first RLC resonator and the second RLC resonator to achieve continuous pulse power transmission, which can significantly reduce the reflectivity of the power transmission system, improve the load power and transmission efficiency, and make the control of the charge and discharge time more flexible and simple.

[0023] 2. The present invention adjusts the switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch, analyzes from the time domain perspective for the first time, and utilizes the latest transient coherence mechanism to significantly reduce the initial reflectivity while maintaining high transmission efficiency, greatly improving the average power of the load, thereby achieving the purpose of optimizing the pulse power transmission system.

[0024] 3. The system structure of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, which can not only promote the application of impedance matching, but also provide a more efficient solution for future energy transmission and utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a power transmission schematic diagram of a conventional steady-state power transmission system;

[0026] Among them, (a) is the equivalent circuit diagram of the steady-state power transmission system; (b) is the resonator amplitude diagram of the steady-state power transmission system; (c) is the resonator reflectivity diagram of the steady-state power transmission system; (d) is the power spectrum diagram of the load and source impedance of the steady-state power transmission system;

[0027] Figure 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3Schematic diagram of pulse power transmission of a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption of the present invention;

[0029] Where (a) is the normalized time t / t after modulation of the single-pole double-throw switch in the pulse power transmission system CPA (a) is a graph showing a changing power source signal; (b) is a graph showing a comparison of the average reflectivity of a pulse power transmission system and a steady-state power transmission system; (c) is a graph showing a comparison of the average load power of a pulse power transmission system and a steady-state power transmission system; (d) is a graph showing a comparison of the average source impedance power of a pulse power transmission system and a steady-state power transmission system;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a simulation verification diagram of the pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption of the present invention;

[0031] Where (a) is the capacitor voltage of the pulse power transmission system over normalized time t / t CPA (b) is the reflectivity diagram of the pulse power transmission system; (c) is the load power diagram of the pulse power transmission system; (d) is the source impedance power diagram of the pulse power transmission system;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of optimized pulse power transmission of a pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption of the present invention;

[0033] Where (a) is the normalized time t / t after modulation of the single-pole double-throw switch in the optimized pulse power transmission system CPA (a) is a graph comparing the average reflectivity of the optimized pulse power transmission system and the steady-state power transmission system; (c) is a graph comparing the average load power of the optimized pulse power transmission system and the steady-state power transmission system; (d) is a graph comparing the average source impedance power of the optimized pulse power transmission system and the steady-state power transmission system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Please see attached Figure 2A pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption includes a power source (composed of a power supply Vs and a source impedance Zs), a first inductor L1, a capacitor C, a load R, a second inductor L2 and a single-pole double-throw switch K; the first inductor L1, the capacitor C and the load R constitute a first RLC resonator, and the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator; the single-pole end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is connected between the first inductor L1 and the capacitor C, and the double-throw end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is respectively connected to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, so that the second inductor L2 can constitute a second RLC resonator with the capacitor C and the load R; continuous pulse power transmission is formed by periodically switching the single-pole double-throw switch K.

[0036] In an impedance mismatched system (γ S =20γ), the first RLC resonator and the power source are a traditional steady-state power transmission system. The present invention disconnects the first RLC resonator that has completed charging from the power source through a single-pole double-throw switch K, and connects the second inductor L2, so that the second inductor L2 can form a new second RLC resonator with the capacitor C and the load R, and utilizes the second RLC resonator to quickly dissipate the energy stored in the capacitor C, thereby reducing the average reflectivity and further improving the power transmission efficiency.

[0037] Preferably, the inductance value of the second inductor L2 is: L2 = L1 / 50.

[0038] Assume the switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch K is t m (τ m ), then from 0 to t m The average reflectivity over the time period is:

[0039]

[0040] TCPA occurs at t CPA =8.79μs, in order to ensure that the phase is the same each time the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator and only the capacitor C stores energy (maximum amplitude), the switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch K (i.e., the time when the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator and the time when the power source is connected to the second RLC resonator) is determined to be t m =1.51t CPA and τ m =3.02t CPA , that is, at time t∈[0,t m ), the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator, which is the charging stage. At time t∈[t m ,τ m ], the power source is connected to the second RLC resonator, which is the discharge stage.

[0041] Under this condition, the input signal modulated by the single-pole double-throw switch K changes with the normalized time t / t CPA The changes are shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown in (a), the dotted line is the switching time position of the single-pole double-throw switch K. Continuous pulse power transmission is achieved by repeating the charging and discharging process.

[0042] Source impedance Z s And the average power of the load R is defined as:

[0043]

[0044] The average reflectivity in the conventional steady-state power transmission system is 0.82, while the average reflectivity in the pulse power transmission system of the present invention is reduced to 0.19. Figure 3 (b) as shown.

[0045] The average power of load R in a traditional steady-state power transmission system is 2.3W, while the average power of the load R of the pulse power transmission system of the present invention is 3.4W, an increase of 47.8%. Figure 3 (c) as shown.

[0046] The average power of the source impedance Zs in the conventional steady-state power transmission system is 45W, while the average power of the source impedance Zs in the pulse power transmission system of the present invention is 3W, which is reduced by 93.3%. Figure 3 (d) as shown.

[0047] At this time, the transmission efficiency of the pulse power transmission system of the present invention is greatly improved to 53.1%, which is about ten times that of the traditional steady-state power transmission system.

[0048] The pulse power transmission system of the present invention is verified using the time domain simulation function of the circuit simulation software (LTspice). The parameters of the verification experiment are set as follows: L1 = 620 μH, L2 = 12.4 μH, C = 1.8 nF, Z s =100Ω, R = 5Ω and V s =100Sin(ω0t), TCPA occurs at t CPA =8.78μs. The switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch K is set to t m =1.51t CPA and τ m =3.02t CPA .

[0049] On the one hand, during the charging phase (i.e., t∈[0,t m )), the voltage U of capacitor C C Start to increase, as shown in the attached Figure 4(a). In this process, Figure 4 From the reflectivity spectrum of (b), we can see that the pulse power transmission system absorbs a large amount of energy through the first RLC resonator, causing the reflectivity to drop rapidly. On the other hand, during the discharge phase (i.e., t∈[t m ,τ m ]), the second RLC resonator forms a higher frequency resonator and no longer reflects power to the external environment, so that the reflectivity remains zero.

[0050] Since the energy stored in the capacitor C is released quickly, the average power P of the load R during discharge. γ Significantly enhanced, such as Figure 4 (c). In addition, since the power source is disconnected, the source impedance Z s No more power is consumed during discharge, as shown in the attached Figure 4 (d) as shown.

[0051] In summary, Figure 4 The theoretical calculations and simulations are completely consistent with the expectations of the pulse power transmission system of the present invention.

[0052] Shorten the discharge time so that τ m The energy a0 retained in the capacitor C at the moment is used as the initial value of the circuit in the next charging stage, so as to adjust the position of TCPA and reduce the initial reflectivity, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the pulse power transmission system.

[0053] For example, when the initial value is a0 = -3.27 × 10 -3 When , the corresponding discharge time is τ m = 6.64μs, while other system parameters remain unchanged. TCPA occurs at t CPA =6.23μs.

[0054] In order to ensure that the input of the power source remains continuous in each cycle, the charging time is set to t m =2.13t CPA =13.3μs, as attached Figure 5 (a) shows. At this time, the average reflectivity of the optimized pulse power transmission system is Only 0.09, which is 89% less than the traditional steady-state power transmission system. Figure 5 (b) The average power of the load of the optimized pulse power transmission system The power output is greatly increased to 8.1W, which is 252% higher than the traditional steady-state power transmission system. Figure 5 (c) shows the source impedance power of the pulse power transmission system after optimization. The power is greatly reduced to 8.8W, which is 80% less than the traditional steady-state power transmission system. Figure 5(d) The transmission efficiency of the optimized pulse power transmission system is still maintained at a high level of 47.9%.

[0055] Therefore, by changing the initial value a0 to adjust the position of TCPA, the reflectivity of the pulse power transmission system can be greatly reduced, thereby significantly improving the average power of the load. At the same time, a high transmission efficiency can be maintained, thereby optimizing the pulse power transmission system.

[0056] In order to more clearly compare the traditional steady-state power transmission system (referred to as steady-state), the pulse power transmission system (referred to as pulse), and the optimized pulse power transmission system (referred to as optimized pulse), Table 1 shows the average reflectivity of the three different power transmission systems. Average power of load Average power in source impedance and transmission efficiency (χ).

[0057] Table 1 Average reflectivity, average power in the load and average power in the source impedance, and transmission efficiency of the three power transmission systems.

[0058]

[0059] From Table 1, we can see that by optimizing the transient interference in the pulse, the average power of the load can be Significantly improve the average power of the source impedance The power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced while maintaining a high transmission efficiency, which is close to the theoretical maximum efficiency of 50% that can be achieved by the traditional steady-state system. Therefore, after the transient interference and the adjustment and optimization of the relevant TCPA position, the power transmission efficiency can be significantly improved compared with the traditional steady-state power transmission system.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption, characterized by: It includes a power source, a first inductor L1, a capacitor C, a load R, a second inductor L2 and a single-pole double-throw switch K; the first inductor L1, the capacitor C and the load R form a first RLC resonator, and the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator; the single-pole end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is connected between the first inductor L1 and the capacitor C, and the double-throw end of the single-pole double-throw switch K is respectively connected to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, so that the second inductor L2 can form a second RLC resonator with the capacitor C and the load R; continuous pulse power transmission is formed by periodically switching the single-pole double-throw switch K.

2. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductance value of the second inductor L2 is: L2 = L1 / 50.

3. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 1 is characterized in that: TCP A occurs at t CPA =8.79μs, the switching time of the single-pole double-throw switch K is t m =1.51t CPA and τ m =3.02t CPA , that is, at time t∈[0,t m ), the power source is connected to the first RLC resonator, which is the charging stage. At time t∈[t m ,τ m ], the power source is connected to the second RLC resonator, which is the discharge stage.

4. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pulse power transmission system, the average reflectivity is 0.19, and the average power of the load R The average power of 3.4W, source impedance Zs The average power is reduced to 3W and the transmission efficiency is increased to 53.1%.

5. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: Shorten the discharge time so that τ m The energy a0 retained in the capacitor C at the moment is used as the circuit initial value of the next charging stage, thereby adjusting the position of TCPA, reducing the initial reflectivity, and reducing the load power of the pulse power transmission system. Increased to 8.1W, average power with source impedance Zs It was reduced to 8.8W and the transmission efficiency was maintained at 47.9%.

6. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Shorten the discharge time to τ m = 6.64μs, making τ m The energy retained in capacitor C at this moment is a0 = -3.27 × 10 -3 , as the circuit initial value for the next charging stage, TCPA occurs at t CPA =6.23μs; set the charging time to t m =2.13t CPA =13.3μs, so that the input of the power source remains continuous in each cycle.

7. The pulse power transmission system based on transient coherent perfect absorption according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The average reflectivity of the pulse power transmission system after optimization is 0.09, the average power of the load Increased to 8.1W, the transmission efficiency remained at 47.9%.

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