Application and method of gluconic acid for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and particularly relates to application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and a method thereof. The invention provides application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. Gluconic acid is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, is safe and nontoxic to rice, and can also collect microorganisms beneficial to rice in soil and change a rice rhizosphere microorganism interaction network, so that the effects of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast are achieved. The result of the embodiment shows that the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, fresh grain weight and dry grain weight of the rice can be obviously improved by applying 0.06-0.2 M gluconic acid solution for 4-8 times in a specific growth period, the rice blast can be resisted, and the scab area of the rice can be obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and in particular relates to application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rice is the largest staple food crop in my country. It is also one of the food crops with the largest planting area and yield that my country actively advocates and vigorously supports. It occupies a dominant position in my country's food. The healthy, stable and sustainable development of the rice industry is of great significance to ensuring my country's food security and the development of the rice processing industry. Rice blast caused by rice blast fungus is one of the important rice diseases. It occurs to varying degrees in different rice-growing areas. In epidemic years, the yield is generally reduced by 10% to 20%, and the severe reduction is 40% to 50%. At present, plant disease prevention and control mainly relies on chemical prevention and control, which can cause serious pollution to the environment and cause pathogens to develop drug resistance. In the existing technology, rice growth is mostly promoted by applying fertilizers and microbial agents, but unreasonable fertilizer application can lead to soil salinization, and microbial agents can lead to the homogenization of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, increasing the risk of diseases and insect pests.

[0003] Organic acids have been used as preservatives and antistaling agents in food for a century, mostly to kill bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Listeria in food. However, there are few reports on the use of organic acids alone to promote rice growth and prevent rice blast. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of gluconic acid for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and a method thereof. The gluconic acid of the present invention can promote rice growth, resist rice blast and reduce the area of ​​lesions.

[0005] The invention provides application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast.

[0006] Preferably, the promoting rice growth comprises increasing one or more of rice plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast, which comprises applying a gluconic acid solution during the growth period of rice.

[0008] Preferably, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8 to 17 L / mu; and the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06 to 0.2M.

[0009] Preferably, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.12M; when the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12-0.2M.

[0010] Preferably, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 3 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of gluconic acid substance.

[0011] Preferably, when the gluconic acid is used to promote the growth of rice, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 6 μmol / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance;

[0012] When the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance.

[0013] Preferably, the gluconic acid solution is administered 4 to 8 times.

[0014] Preferably, the interval between two administrations of the gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days.

[0015] Preferably, the application method includes irrigation and spraying.

[0016] The present invention provides the use of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. The gluconic acid of the present invention is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, which is safe and non-toxic to rice, and can promote nutrient absorption by affecting the solubility of nutrients in the soil. Moreover, gluconic acid can also recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice, and change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby achieving the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. The results of the embodiment show that applying 4 to 8 times of 0.06 to 0.2M gluconic acid solution during a specific growth period can significantly increase the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight of rice, and can resist rice blast, and significantly reduce the lesion area of ​​rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is the effect of different treatments on rice plant height in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the effect of different treatments on rice leaf length in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the effect of different treatments on rice leaf width in Application Example 1, where * indicates p < 0.01;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the effect of different treatments on rice stem base width in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the effect of different treatments on the fresh weight of rice in Application Example 1, where * indicates p < 0.01 and ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the effect of different treatments on rice dry weight in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the growth status of rice in different treatment modes in Application Example 1;

[0025] Figure 8 This is the data graph of rice blast lesion area under different treatments in Application Example 2, where ** indicates p < 0.05;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the rice blast lesion area under different treatments in Application Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides the use of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. In a specific embodiment, the molecular formula of the gluconic acid is C6H 12 O7, the structure is shown in formula Ⅰ:

[0028]

[0029] In the present invention, as an embodiment, the promotion of rice growth includes increasing one or more of rice plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight. As another embodiment, the promotion of rice growth can be to increase rice plant height, increase leaf length, increase leaf width, increase tillering, increase stem base width, increase grain fresh weight or increase grain dry weight. The gluconic acid described in the present invention is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, which is safe and non-toxic to rice, and can promote nutrient absorption by affecting the solubility of nutrients in the soil. In addition, gluconic acid can also recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice and change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby achieving the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast, which comprises applying a gluconic acid solution during the growth period of rice.

[0031] The present invention applies gluconic acid solution during the growth period of rice. As an embodiment, the application method includes irrigation and spraying. In a specific embodiment, the application method can be irrigation or spraying. The present invention adopts irrigation to apply gluconic acid solution. Gluconic acid can directly act on the soil, affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, promote nutrient absorption, and promote the growth of rice; moreover, gluconic acid can recruit microorganisms beneficial to rice, shape probiotic communities in the rhizosphere of rice, and act on the rice growth-promoting and stress-resistant process; moreover, gluconic acid can change the physiological and biochemical processes of rice root microorganisms and the interaction network between microorganisms, affect the function of the microbiome, and then affect the rice growth-promoting and disease-resistant process.

[0032] In the present invention, as an embodiment, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8 to 17 L / mu; in a specific embodiment, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied can be 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 L / mu. As an embodiment, the number of applications of the gluconic acid solution of the present invention is 4 to 8 times; in a specific embodiment, the number of applications can be 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 times. As an embodiment, the interval between each application of the gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days. As an embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time of the present invention is 2 to 3 L / mu.

[0033] In the present invention, as another embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.2M. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution can be 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19 or 0.2M. In the present invention, the gluconic acid solution of suitable concentration can adjust the microenvironment of the rice rhizosphere, reduce pH, affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, and promote nutrient absorption; and the gluconic acid solution of suitable concentration can also maintain the ion balance of the rice plant. The present invention can avoid the loss of gluconic acid by applying the gluconic acid solution multiple times, improve the utilization rate, reduce the fluctuation of the concentration of substances in the soil, and improve the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote the growth of rice, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.12M. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution can be 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11 or 0.12M. When the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12-0.2M. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution can be 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19 or 0.2M.

[0034] As another embodiment, the amount of gluconic acid solution applied each time in the present invention is 3 to 10 μmole / g soil based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the amount of gluconic acid solution applied each time can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 μmole / g soil based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In the present invention, the application of an appropriate amount of gluconic acid can promote rice growth and / or resist rice blast. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth and resist rice blast, the amount of gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 10 μmole / g soil based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the amount of gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 6 μmole / g soil based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the amount of gluconic acid solution applied each time can be 3, 4, 5 or 6 μmole / g soil based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time can be 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance.

[0035] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and the method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the specific examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the soil is selected from the same plot.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A. Preparation of 0.06 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 5.74 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was used to prepare 300 mL of 0.06 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0039] B. Soil selection: Select a field where rice blast has been prevalent for five years, use the five-point sampling method to collect field soil, air-dry the soil, sieve it, and mix it thoroughly. Evenly distribute the obtained soil into 9cm×9cm×10cm flower pots, and add 500g of soil to each pot.

[0040] C. Rice treatment: Select rice CO-39 seeds with full grains and uniform size, wrap them with soaked gauze at 37°C, and place them in a beaker filled with water, the height of the water in the beaker is 10 cm. Change the water every morning and evening, and after the rice seeds break the chest and turn white, plant the rice in a flower pot, plant two plants in each pot, and set four replicates. Replenish water in the tray at the bottom of the flower pot, and replenish water in time according to agricultural requirements during the rice development period. The rice CO-39 seeds are indica rice varieties.

[0041] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice was planted in step C, 0.06M gluconic acid solution was used for root irrigation, once every 2 days, for 6 consecutive times. 25mL of 0.06M gluconic acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500g soil) each time, and the amount of gluconic acid applied each time was 3μmoL / g soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. This treatment was recorded as GA3, and the above experiment was repeated twice.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A. Preparation of 0.12 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 11.48 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was used to prepare 300 mL of 0.12 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0044] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0045] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0046] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice was planted in step C, 0.12M gluconic acid solution was used for root irrigation, once every 2 days, for 6 consecutive times. 25mL of 0.12M gluconic acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500g soil) each time, and the amount of gluconic acid applied each time was 6μmoL / g soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. This treatment was recorded as GA6, and the above experiment was repeated 2 times.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A. Preparation of 0.2 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 19.14 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was used to prepare 300 mL of 0.2 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0049] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0050] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0051] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice was planted in step C, 0.2M gluconic acid solution was used for root irrigation, once every 2 days, for 6 consecutive times. 25mL of 0.2M gluconic acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500g soil) each time, and the amount of gluconic acid applied each time was 10μmoL / g soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. This treatment was recorded as GA10, and the above experiment was repeated twice.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] A. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0054] B. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0055] C. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice was planted in step B, sterile water was used for root irrigation, once every 2 days, for 6 consecutive times. 25 mL of sterile water was applied to each flower pot (500 g of soil) each time. This treatment was recorded as CK, and the above experiment was repeated 2 times.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] A. Preparation of 0.06 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 1.90944 g of D-glyceric acid was used to prepare 300 mL of 0.06 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a CAS number of 6000-40-4.

[0058] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0059] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0060] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice planting, glyceric acid solution was used for root irrigation, once every 48 hours, for 6 consecutive times. 25 mL of glyceric acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500 g soil) each time. The amount of glyceric acid applied each time was 3 μmoL / g soil, based on the amount of glyceric acid substance. This treatment was recorded as Gly3, and the above experiment was repeated twice.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] A. Preparation of 0.12 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 3.81888 g of D-glyceric acid was prepared into 300 mL of 0.12 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a CAS number of 6000-40-4.

[0063] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0064] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0065] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice planting, glyceric acid solution was used for root irrigation, applied once every 48 hours for 6 times. 25 mL of glyceric acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500 g soil) each time. The amount of glyceric acid applied each time was 6 μmol / g soil, based on the amount of glyceric acid substance. This treatment was recorded as Gly6, and the above experiment was repeated twice.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] A. Preparation of 0.2 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as solvent, 6.3648 g of D-glyceric acid was prepared into 300 mL of 0.2 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a CAS number of 6000-40-4.

[0068] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0069] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0070] D. Rice treatment: 3 days after rice planting, glyceric acid solution was used for root irrigation, applied once every 48 hours for 6 times. 25 mL of glyceric acid solution was applied to each flower pot (500 g soil) each time. The amount of glyceric acid applied each time was 10 μmoL / g soil, based on the amount of glyceric acid substance. This treatment was recorded as Gly10, and the above experiment was repeated twice.

[0071] Application Example 1

[0072] When the rice was grown to 28 days after planting, the rice seedling quality identification and growth trait determination in "Crop Cultivation Research" (Edited by Chen Dehua, published in June 2018) were used to determine the agronomic traits of the rice in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem base width, fresh weight, and dry weight. The results are shown in Figure 1 to Figure 6 and Table 1, and record the rice status of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, see Figure 7 .

[0073] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on agronomic traits of rice

[0074] deal with Plant height (cm) Leaf length(cm) Leaf width(cm) Stem base width (cm) Fresh weight(g) Dry weight (g) CK 27.45±0.72b 16.91±0.45b 0.59±0.02b 0.47±0.03c 0.79±0.04d 0.23±0.04b GA3 33.00±0.94a 20.88±1.98a 0.69±0.06a 0.74±0.06b 2.60±0.10a 0.51±0.04a GA6 32.00±1.66a 20.35±1.51a 0.66±0.05a 0.85±0.04a 2.44±0.11b 0.54±0.03a GA10 27.45±0.70b 16.60±1.07b 0.58±0.05b 0.49±0.08c 0.95±0.04c 0.26±0.02b Gly3 27.43±0.67b 17.75±0.26b 0.55±0.06b 0.46±0.05c 0.79±0.07d 0.23±0.03b Gly6 27.60±0.54b 17.28±0.70b 0.53±0.05b 0.48±0.05c 0.78±0.05d 0.24±0.03b Gly10 27.55±0.48b 16.98±0.87b 0.53±0.05b 0.41±0.02c 0.79±0.05d 0.24±0.01b

[0075] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0076] According to Table 1 and Figure 1 to Figure 6 It can be seen that the CO-39 rice plants treated with gluconic acid in Examples 1 and 2 are significantly higher in agronomic traits such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem base width, fresh weight, and dry weight than the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The fresh weight of the CO-39 rice plants treated with gluconic acid in Example 3 is significantly higher than the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. It can be seen that the application of gluconic acid solution of appropriate concentration can promote rice growth.

[0077] Application Example 2

[0078] ① Prepare the rice blast fungus Guy11 grown on OTA medium for 5 days [this fungus was disclosed in “The effect of in vitro application of small molecule RNA on inhibiting conidia development and pathogenicity of rice blast fungus”, Yu Hanxi et al., Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 2, 2003], and cut 2mm×2mm×2mm fungus blocks at the edge of the hyphae with a sterile single-blade blade.

[0079] ② Select the top three leaves of rice grown to 28 days after planting in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 respectively, scratch the leaves with a punch, place the fungus blocks on the scratched leaves, and use tape to moisturize and fix them. Two fungus blocks are placed on each leaf, and the plants are placed in a greenhouse. The area of ​​lesions is investigated after 5 days.

[0080] ③ Cut off the diseased leaves, use ImageJ software to measure and count the lesion area, and use SPSS and Origin to process and analyze the experimental data. The results are shown in Figure 8 And Table 2. And record the diseased leaf area of ​​rice in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, see Fig. 9 .

[0081] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on rice blast

[0082]

[0083] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0084] According to Table 2 and Figure 8It can be seen that in Examples 1 to 3, the rice plants were treated with gluconic acid solution for root irrigation, and the diseased spot area of ​​the treated rice plants was larger than that of the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The application of gluconic acid solution of appropriate concentration can play a role in resisting rice blast.

[0085] In summary, gluconic acid solution can affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, promote nutrient absorption, and promote rice growth; and gluconic acid can recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice, change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, and thus achieve the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. Applying gluconic acid solution of appropriate concentration during a specific growth period can significantly increase the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight of rice, and can resist rice blast and significantly reduce the area of ​​rice lesions.

[0086] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the promoting rice growth comprises increasing one or more of rice plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight.

3. A method for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast, characterized in that: Apply gluconic acid solution during the rice growth period.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8-17 L / mu; the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.2M.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.12M; when the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12-0.2M.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Calculated by the amount of gluconic acid substance, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 3 to 10 μmoL / g soil.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When the gluconic acid is used to promote the growth of rice, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 6 μmol / g soil, based on the amount of the gluconic acid substance; When the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance.

8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The gluconic acid solution is administered 4 to 8 times.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The interval between two applications of gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days.

10. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The application methods include irrigation and spraying.

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