Tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation and cylinder welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a tool for reducing welding deformation of a barrel and a barrel welding method. Each supporting assembly comprises two adjustable supports which are oppositely arranged, each adjustable support comprises a supporting piece and a telescopic piece, each supporting piece is connected to the base through the corresponding telescopic piece, and each telescopic piece is further provided with a length measuring part; and the pressure sensors are used for acquiring the pressure borne by the corresponding supporting pieces. And the control system is used for controlling the extension or contraction of the telescopic piece. By means of the tool, the deformation influence of welding work on the barrel can be reduced before welding, during welding and after welding, so that the use requirements of nuclear power devices, nuclear energy aftertreatment equipment and other high-precision fields are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a tool for reducing welding deformation of a cylinder and a cylinder welding method. Background Art

[0002] Due to the particularity of nuclear power plants and nuclear energy post-processing equipment, the design process of the equipment often has higher requirements for precision than civilian products, which undoubtedly increases the manufacturing difficulty of the manufacturer, especially for the welding manufacturing process. Welding deformation is difficult to predict and cannot be completely eliminated. In order to ensure accuracy, the manufacturer often needs to spend a lot of energy, especially when welding manholes, connecting pipes, internal parts and other workpieces on cylindrical workpieces. The deformation caused by excessive local stress due to uneven distribution of welds will turn the cylinder into an irregular ellipse. When the welding deformation is serious, it will directly lead to the cylindrical workpiece size being out of tolerance and scrapped.

[0003] To address this situation, the current common solution is to add a fixed structure and fixed-size supporting fixture to the inner wall before welding the cylinder. The fixture can control the welding deformation to a certain extent, but once the fixture is removed and the restraining stress is released, the cylinder will still produce a certain degree of deformation due to the welding residual stress, which has a great impact on the cylinder accuracy and may even fail to meet the design requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that welding deformation is controlled by a supporting tool of fixed size, which will still have a great impact on the accuracy of the cylinder after the tool is removed, and to provide a tool and a cylinder welding method for reducing the welding deformation of the cylinder.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tool for reducing welding deformation of a cylinder, comprising: Pedestal; A plurality of support assemblies, each of which comprises two relatively arranged adjustable supports, each of which comprises a support member and a telescopic member, each of which is connected to the base through the corresponding telescopic member, each of which further comprises a length measuring component, each of which is distributed along the circumference of the base, each of which has an outer side surface that is an arc surface, the arc of which matches the arc of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the total length of the arc surfaces of all the support members matches the inner circumference of the cylinder; A pressure sensor is used to obtain the pressure exerted on the corresponding support member.

[0006] A control system is used to control the extension or contraction of the telescopic member.

[0007] The number of support components is determined according to the arc length of the arc surface so that the sum of all arc lengths can fit the inner circumference of the cylinder. Of course, there should be space between two adjacent support members to enable the adjustable support to be telescopically adjusted.

[0008] The control system can control the corresponding telescopic member to extend or shorten according to the pressure applied to the supporting member, and can also close other telescopic members when controlling the corresponding telescopic member so that it can adapt to the deformation of the cylinder to better correct the deformation.

[0009] The tooling for reducing the welding deformation of the cylinder described in the present invention is adopted, and the sum of the arc lengths of all the support members is adapted to the inner circumference of the cylinder, so that the support members can cover the entire cylinder range as much as possible. Before welding, the length measuring component can be used to determine whether each telescopic member is of equal length, and then determine the roundness of the cylinder, which is convenient for roundness judgment before and after welding; through a number of adjustable supports independently connected to the base, the deformation of the corresponding position of the cylinder caused by the welding operation can be independently monitored, so as to independently apply pressure through the telescopic members to cause the cylinder to deform in reverse and ensure the ellipticity of the cylinder after welding. Since the cylinder will inevitably deform in the long and short axes during the welding process, the two relatively arranged adjustable supports can better adapt to the adjustment and correction in the long and short axis directions of the deformation, and the adjustable supports in the other directions can be freely extended and retracted to minimize the deformation during the welding process. After the welding is completed, the length of all telescopic members can be returned to the length before welding again through the extension of the telescopic members, which is conducive to adjusting the deformation after the welding is completed, and then the ellipticity of the cylinder can be ensured after the tooling is removed.

[0010] Preferably, there are 4-10 support components.

[0011] Further preferably, there are 4-6 support components.

[0012] Preferably, the support member includes a support block and a support rod, the support block has the arc surface, the sum of the lengths of all the arc surfaces matches the theoretical inner diameter of the cylinder, the support block is detachably connected to the support rod, and the support rod is used to connect the telescopic member.

[0013] By adopting the above-mentioned setting method, the corresponding arc surface can avoid indentation of the cylinder as much as possible when being used to correct the cylinder, that is, the position of the support block corresponding to the cylinder and the position between different support blocks can avoid indentation, effectively ensuring that the device can repeatedly eliminate welding deformation and residual deformation without causing other effects on the cylinder, thereby effectively improving the ovality of the cylinder after welding is completed, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the welding operation.

[0014] Further preferably, the support rod is detachably connected to the telescopic member.

[0015] The support block and the support rod can be replaced to adapt to the welding work of cylinders with different diameters.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic member is a hydraulic device.

[0017] Preferably, the base is a cylinder.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a cylinder welding method, comprising: S1. Installing a tool for reducing welding deformation of the cylinder as described above in the cylinder; S2, the control system controls the telescopic parts to extend and retract until the initial length L0 of all the telescopic parts is the same, and records the initial readings of all pressure sensors; S3, during welding, two of the telescopic parts of the support assembly corresponding to the pressure sensor whose reading is controlled to increase are extended while the remaining telescopic parts are freely extended; S4, repeat step S3 until welding is completed; S5, extending all the telescopic members to an initial length L0; S6, calculating the difference between the reading of each pressure sensor and the initial reading, so that the telescopic member corresponding to the largest difference is extended while the other telescopic members are freely extended; S7, repeating steps S5 and S6 until the comparison between the readings of all the pressure sensors and the initial readings meets the error requirement, and removing the tooling.

[0019] The present invention provides a cylinder welding method which can eliminate the deformation effect of tooling installation as much as possible before welding, effectively monitor and adjust the welding deformation during the welding process to reduce the degree of deformation, and effectively calibrate the roundness after welding, which can significantly reduce the degree of deformation of the cylinder after the tooling is removed.

[0020] Preferably, between steps S2 and S3, there is further included the step of: clearing the reading of the pressure sensor to zero.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the ejection force of the corresponding extension of the telescopic member is greater than the value of the corresponding pressure sensor.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a tooling for reducing the welding deformation of the cylinder, which can be used to support the cylinder before welding to reduce the initial impact of the installation of the tooling on the deformation of the cylinder. During welding, the deformation of the corresponding position of the cylinder caused by the welding operation can be independently monitored, so as to independently apply pressure through the telescopic parts to cause the cylinder to deform in reverse and ensure the ovality of the cylinder after welding. After the welding is completed, the ovality of the cylinder can be corrected again, which is conducive to adjusting the deformation after the welding is completed, and the ovality of the cylinder can be guaranteed after the tooling is dismantled, thereby reducing the deformation impact of the welding work on the cylinder from multiple links to meet the use requirements of high-precision fields such as nuclear power plants and nuclear energy post-processing equipment.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a cylinder welding method, which can eliminate the deformation effect of tooling installation as much as possible before welding. During the welding process, the welding deformation can be effectively monitored and adjusted to reduce the degree of deformation. After the welding is completed, the roundness can also be effectively calibrated, which can significantly reduce the deformation degree of the cylinder after the tooling is removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tooling for reducing cylinder welding deformation in Example 1.

[0025] Markings in the figure: 0-base, 1-support member, 11-support block, 12-support rod, 2-telescopic member, 3-pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0029] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0030] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0031] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0032] Example 1 As attached Figure 1 As shown, a tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation comprises: base 0; A plurality of support assemblies, each of which comprises two relatively arranged adjustable supports, each of which comprises a support member 1 and a telescopic member 2, wherein the support member 1 is connected to the base 0 via the corresponding telescopic member 2, and the telescopic member 2 also has a length measuring component, and the support assemblies are distributed circumferentially along the base 0, and the outer side surface of the support member 1 is an arc surface, the arc of which is adapted to the arc of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the sum of the arc lengths of all the support members 1 is adapted to the inner circumference of the cylinder; A pressure sensor 3, the pressure sensor 3 is used to obtain the pressure exerted on the corresponding support member 1; The control system is used to control the extension or contraction of the telescopic member 2.

[0033] The sum of all arc surface lengths can adapt to the inner circumference of the cylinder to cover the entire circumference of the cylinder as much as possible, which is convenient for welding work at different positions of the cylinder. The deformation can be collected by the corresponding pressure sensor 3, and the ejection of the telescopic part 2 can also provide reverse deformation through the support part 1 with a certain arc length, without adjusting the position of the tooling according to the welding position, and can better adapt to the welding of workpieces with a certain length along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0034] The outer side surface of the support member 1 for contacting the cylinder is an arc surface, and the sum of the lengths of all the arc surfaces is adapted to the theoretical inner diameter of the cylinder, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of the rounding work before and after welding, and can also be conducive to supporting the deformation of the cylinder and correcting the reverse deformation during the welding process. In particular, when the telescopic member 2 is ejected to provide reverse deformation, it is conducive to uniform and dispersed ejection to avoid uncontrollable deformation effects, and is particularly suitable for small-sized and thin-walled cylinders.

[0035] The number of support components is determined according to the arc length of the arc surface. Of course, there should be a space between two adjacent support members 1 to enable the adjustable support to deform.

[0036] In some embodiments, the support assembly has 4-10 members, that is, 8-20 adjustable supports.

[0037] Furthermore, there are 4 to 6 support assemblies. For example, in this embodiment, there are 4 support assemblies, each of which includes 2 adjustable supports arranged opposite to each other, that is, 8 adjustable supports.

[0038] In some embodiments, the support member 1 comprises a support block 11 and a support rod 12, wherein the support block 11 has the arc surface, and the support block 11 is detachably connected to the support rod 12, and the support rod 12 is used to connect the telescopic member 2. The support block 11 has a certain thickness, and the thickness can be determined according to the size of the workpiece to be welded and the welding range. The support block 11 can be provided with a protrusion on the inner side surface, and the protrusion can have a groove. The support block 11 and the support rod 12 can be connected by plugging, or can be threaded.

[0039] In some embodiments, the support rod 12 is detachably connected to the telescopic member 2. The support block 11 and the support rod 12 can be replaced to adapt to the welding work of cylinders with different diameters.

[0040] In some embodiments, the telescopic member 2 is a hydraulic device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the base 0 is a cylinder.

[0042] A tooling for reducing the welding deformation of a cylinder body according to the present application is used. Before welding, the length measuring component can be used to determine whether each telescopic part 2 is of equal length, thereby determining the roundness of the cylinder body, which is convenient for roundness judgment before and after welding; through a plurality of adjustable supports independently connected to the base 0, the deformation of the corresponding position of the cylinder body caused by the welding operation can be independently monitored, so as to independently apply pressure through the telescopic parts 2 to cause the cylinder body to deform in reverse and ensure the ovality of the cylinder body after welding. Since the cylinder body will inevitably deform in the long and short axes during the welding process, the two relatively arranged adjustable supports can better adapt to the adjustment and correction in the long and short axis directions of the deformation, and the adjustable supports in the other directions can be freely extended and retracted to minimize the deformation during the welding process. After the welding is completed, the length of all telescopic parts 2 can be returned to the length before welding again through the extension and retraction of the telescopic parts 2, which is conducive to adjusting the deformation after the welding is completed, thereby ensuring the ovality of the cylinder body after the tooling is removed.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment provides a cylinder welding method, comprising: S1. Installing a tool for reducing welding deformation of the cylinder as described in Example 1 in the cylinder; S2, the control system controls the telescopic members 2 to extend and retract until the initial length L0 of all the telescopic members 2 is the same, and records the initial readings of all the pressure sensors 3; S3, during welding, two of the telescopic parts 2 of the supporting assembly corresponding to the pressure sensor 3 whose reading increases are controlled to extend while the remaining telescopic parts 2 are freely extended; S4, repeat step S3 until welding is completed; S5, extending all the telescopic members 2 to an initial length L0; S6, calculating the difference between the reading of each pressure sensor 3 and the initial reading, so that the telescopic member 2 corresponding to the largest difference is extended while the other telescopic members 2 are free to extend and retract; S7, repeating steps S5 and S6 until the comparison between the readings of all the pressure sensors 3 and the initial readings meets the error requirement, and then removing the tooling.

[0044] In some embodiments, between steps S2 and S3, there is further included the step of clearing the reading of the pressure sensor 3 to zero.

[0045] In some embodiments, in step S3 , the ejection force of the corresponding extension of the telescopic member 2 is greater than the value of the corresponding pressure sensor 3 .

[0046] For example, the reading of N times the pressure sensor 3 can be used, and N can be 2, 3, etc. If there are multiple cylinders of the same specification and batch welding work is carried out, the N value can also be determined based on the previous data.

[0047] The error requirement can be determined based on the actual diameter tolerance requirement.

[0048] During the entire process of welding at a certain position, the control system will continue to drive the telescopic member 2 to resist deformation according to the changes in the pressure sensor 3, which will also cause the pressure sensors 3 at the corresponding positions of other surrounding support members 1 to increase. For example, when the front and rear welding positions do not change much, when the telescopic member 2 works for the first time, the control system turns off the pressure sensors 3 and telescopic member 2 in other directions to prevent the control system from controlling the telescopic member 2 to extend and retract according to the corresponding pressure sensor 3. If the welding position changes greatly, the system can be reset before welding another position, and the above process can be repeated until the welding is completed.

[0049] The present invention provides a cylinder welding method which can eliminate the deformation effect of tooling installation as much as possible before welding, effectively monitor and adjust the welding deformation during the welding process to reduce the degree of deformation, and effectively calibrate the roundness after welding, which can significantly reduce the deformation degree of the cylinder after the tooling is removed and eliminate the influence of residual deformation.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for reducing the welding deformation of the cylinder, It is characterized in that Include: Base(0); A plurality of support assemblies, wherein the support assemblies comprise two adjustable supports arranged opposite to each other, the adjustable supports comprise a support member (1) and a telescopic member (2), the support member (1) being connected to the base (0) via the corresponding telescopic member (2), the telescopic member (2) further comprising a length measuring component, the support assemblies being distributed along the circumference of the base (0), the outer side surface of the support member (1) being an arc surface, the arc of which matches the arc of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the total length of the arc surfaces of all the support members (1) matching the inner circumference of the cylinder; A pressure sensor (3), the pressure sensor (3) being used to obtain the pressure exerted on the corresponding support member (1); A control system is used to control the extension or contraction of the telescopic member (2).

2. A tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that There are 4 to 10 support components.

3. A tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation according to claim 2, It is characterized in that There are 4 to 6 supporting components.

4. A tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The support member (1) comprises a support block (11) and a support rod (12); the support block (11) has the arc surface; the sum of the lengths of all the arc surfaces matches the theoretical inner diameter of the cylinder; the support block (11) is detachably connected to the support rod (12); and the support rod (12) is used to connect the telescopic member (2).

5. A tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The support rod (12) is detachably connected to the telescopic member (2).

6. A tool for reducing welding deformation of a cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The telescopic member (2) is a hydraulic device.

7. A tool for reducing cylinder welding deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The base (0) is a cylinder.

8. A cylinder welding method, It is characterized in that Include: S1. Installing a tool for reducing welding deformation of the cylinder as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the cylinder; S2, the control system controls the telescopic member (2) to extend to the initial length L of all the telescopic members (2) 0 Similarly, record the initial readings of all pressure sensors (3); S3, during the welding process, two of the telescopic parts (2) of the supporting assembly corresponding to the pressure sensor (3) whose reading is controlled to increase are extended while the remaining telescopic parts (2) are freely extended; S4, repeat step S3 until welding is completed; S5, extending all the telescopic members (2) to an initial length L0; S6, calculating the difference between the reading of each pressure sensor (3) and the initial reading, so that the telescopic member (2) corresponding to the largest difference is extended while the remaining telescopic members (2) are freely extended; S7, repeating steps S5 and S6 until the comparison between the readings of all the pressure sensors (3) and the initial readings meets the error requirement, and removing the tooling.

9. A cylinder welding method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that Between steps S2 and S3, the method further comprises the step of clearing the reading of the pressure sensor (3) to zero.

10. A cylinder welding method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that In step S3, the ejection force of the corresponding extension of the telescopic member (2) is greater than the value of the corresponding pressure sensor (3).

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