Numerical control machine tool cut-off sensing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting-off sensing method for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps of: detecting and judging the wear condition of a tool according to the current working load of a main shaft or an X shaft of the cutting end by monitoring the load of the cutting end of the machine tool; and based on the maximum load value of the used cutter, the PLC is used for setting the upper and lower limits of the load of the cutting end, so that the cutter works in a safe load value range, the wear condition of the cutter is detected through the change of the load value of the cutting end, the wear of the cut-off cutter can be sensed, whether the cut-off cutter is broken or damaged can be detected, and the safety of a machine tool and technicians is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, and in particular to a cutting sensing method for numerical control machine tools. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are generally used for processing metal and non-metal parts. Due to their high precision, high efficiency and repeatability, they are particularly common in manufacturing and machinery industries.

[0003] When a CNC machine tool is cutting off a workpiece, if the cutting tool is worn or accidentally damaged, resulting in the workpiece not being cut off, when the next workpiece is cut continuously, there is a high probability that the previous workpiece will collide with the cutting tool because it has not been cut off, resulting in damage to the cutting tool and the machine tool, posing a serious safety hazard. Although the installation of a cutting detection device can avoid the above problems, it is unable to detect the wear of the tool. After the tool has been worn for a long time, it is easy to process defective products, which will lead to higher production costs and cause invisible damage to the machine tool. In order to avoid such problems, a method that can sense the cutting of CNC machine tools is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcoming in the above-mentioned technology that the CNC machine tool cannot detect the wear condition of the cutting tool, the present invention provides a cutting sensing method for the CNC machine tool.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool cutting sensing method, comprising the following steps: S1, controlling the machine tool through PLC, presetting the upper and lower limits of the workload of the cutting end spindle or the upper and lower limits of the workload of the X-axis; S2, obtaining the current workload parameters of the spindle at the cutting end of the machine tool or the current workload parameters of the X-axis; S3, judging the wear condition of the current tool according to the comparison between the load parameter of the current spindle or X-axis and the preset upper and lower limits of the spindle or X-axis workload.

[0006] Among them, when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis at the cutting end is greater than the preset load upper limit, the machine tool processing program is paused and a prompt is given that the current cutting tool is worn and broken.

[0007] Among them, when the size of the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is 60% of the preset workload upper limit, a warning message is issued, and when the size of the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is 80% of the preset workload upper limit, a tool change prompt is issued.

[0008] Among them, when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is less than the preset load lower limit, the machine tool processing program is paused and a prompt is given that the current machine tool tool is not installed.

[0009] When the current workload parameters of the machine tool spindle or the X-axis are between the preset workload parameters, the processing is performed normally.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool cutting perception method, which monitors the load at the cutting end of the machine tool and detects and judges the wear condition of the tool according to the current workload of the spindle or X-axis at the cutting end; and based on the maximum load value of the tool used, uses PLC to set the upper and lower limits of the cutting end load so that the tool works within a safe load value range, and detects the wear condition of the tool through changes in the load value at the cutting end, which can sense the wear of the cutting tool and whether the cutting tool is broken or damaged. The software is more accurate and faster than the hardware, which ensures the safety of the machine tool and technicians, and does not require the cost of hardware detection devices and hardware maintenance costs, thus saving extra expenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] In the following description, the example details are given to provide a deeper understanding of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0014] It should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprises" are used in this specification, they indicate the existence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations thereof.

[0015] In the cutting process of CNC machine tools, the cutting tool width, number of revolutions, and cutting feed rate of the processed material are fixed. Under normal cutting conditions, the loads of the X-axis and spindle at the cutting end of the machine tool are relatively fixed, and the fluctuation is not large. As the cutting tool wears, the loads of the X-axis and spindle will increase with the wear of the cutting tool. When a certain value is reached, the cutting tool is completely damaged. Applying this phenomenon, the following actions are added to the PLC processing of CNC machine tools to complete the cutting perception function.

[0016] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a CNC machine tool cutting sensing method, comprising the following steps: S1, controlling the machine tool through PLC, presetting the upper and lower limits of the workload of the cutting end spindle or the upper and lower limits of the workload of the X-axis; S2, obtaining the current workload parameters of the spindle at the cutting end of the machine tool or the current workload parameters of the X-axis; S3, judging the wear condition of the current tool according to the comparison between the load parameter of the current spindle or X-axis and the preset upper and lower limits of the spindle or X-axis workload.

[0017] After the tool is worn, the tool cannot maintain the same load size as the initial state. During operation, the tool will gradually become blunt, resulting in reduced cutting efficiency. In addition, the load parameters of the spindle or X-axis of the lathe will gradually increase as the tool wears, requiring a larger workload to complete the cutting. Therefore, the present invention is based on the load conditions of the spindle and X-axis of the cutting end of the machine tool, combined with the maximum load that the tool itself can withstand and used as a pre-set load upper limit, so as to observe and judge the wear condition of the current tool. There is no need to use other hardware detection devices, and the tool wear is sensed by load parameters, thereby reducing the cost consumed by the hardware detection device. Before each workpiece is processed and cut, the hardware detection device also needs to spend an additional few seconds of detection time to detect whether the tool is damaged or broken. The present invention detects the wear condition of the tool in real time, saves processing time to a certain extent, and improves production efficiency. The method can also be applied to CNC machine tools of different processing types, has strong adaptability, and is more stable and accurate than hardware detection devices through software parameter control. There is no need for hardware cost and maintenance costs, and only needs to be judged according to machine tool parameters. For enterprise factories, it can greatly save financial and material resources.

[0018] During the cutting process of the machine tool, because the parameters such as the processed material, cutting tool width, machine tool speed, cutting feed, etc. are fixed, under normal cutting conditions, the tool load will also remain fixed accordingly. However, when the cutting tool is worn, the tool cannot cut at the best cutting efficiency, which increases the load. When the load reaches a certain level, the tool will be completely broken and damaged. When the tool is close to damage, due to its extremely low cutting efficiency, the quality of the cut workpiece is difficult to meet the normal standard, and it is easy to process defective products, resulting in increased production costs. Since different tools have different corresponding load values, when setting the upper and lower limits of the machine tool load parameters, the maximum load value of the currently used tool must be used as a reference to ensure that the tool wear perception is within the normal range.

[0019] Among them, when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis at the cutting end is greater than the preset load upper limit, the machine tool processing program is paused and a prompt is given, and the prompt is that the current cutting tool is worn and broken. The technician needs to replace the cutting tool in time to ensure the normal operation of the machine tool and avoid safety hazards; when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis at the cutting end is less than the preset load lower limit, the machine tool processing program is paused, and a prompt is given that the current machine tool tool is not installed. By setting the load lower limit, the technician can be reminded to promptly determine whether the machine tool tool is installed; when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis at the cutting end is between the preset workload parameters, the processing is carried out normally, and the technician can observe the parameter changes through the PLC to ensure the normal operation of the spindle or The current workload of the X-axis is within the tolerable range of the tool or within the preset value range; further, when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis of the cutting end is 60% of the preset workload upper limit, an early warning message is issued; when the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis of the cutting end is 80% of the preset workload upper limit, a prompt to replace the tool is issued. Through the above settings, it can be ensured that the tool will not be replaced when the load reaches the limit. When the load at the cutting end approaches the tool load limit, an early warning prompt or a prompt to replace the tool is issued to remind the technician to replace the tool in time before it is scrapped, so as to avoid damage to the machine tool due to tool breakage, which may cause damage to the machine tool and create safety hazards when processing the next workpiece.

[0020] Since tools made of different materials have different corresponding load values, before actual processing, it is necessary to know the tool's limit load value, and then set the value close to the limit load value in the parameters. When the load of the spindle or X-axis of the bevel cutting end of the machine tool is close to the limit load value, the machine tool cutting operation is suspended, which improves the safety of technicians and machine tools.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention are: 1) The present invention is based on the load values ​​that tools of different materials can withstand. The load value of the cutting end of the machine tool is detected and monitored by PLC. The wear condition of the tool is judged according to the load values ​​of the x-axis and the spindle of the cutting end, and it is judged whether a tool is installed at the cutting end to avoid affecting the machine tool or the workpiece.

[0022] 2) Set the load value warning point and load value tool replacement point at the cutting end to remind technicians of the tool wear condition at this time, thereby improving the safety of the machine tool.

[0023] 3) There is no need to spend money on purchasing hardware detection devices and maintaining hardware, thus saving extra expenses. In addition, the present invention is more accurate and faster than hardware detection.

[0024] The above disclosures are only several specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sensing cutting of a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, controlling the machine tool through PLC, presetting the upper and lower limits of the workload of the cutting end spindle or the upper and lower limits of the workload of the X-axis; S2, obtaining the current workload parameters of the spindle at the cutting end of the machine tool or the current workload parameters of the X-axis; S3, judging the wear condition of the current tool according to the comparison between the load parameter of the current spindle or X-axis and the preset upper and lower limits of the spindle or X-axis workload.

2. The CNC machine tool cutting sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is greater than the preset load upper limit, the machine tool processing program is paused and a prompt is given that the current cutting tool is worn and broken.

3. The CNC machine tool cutting sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is 60% of the preset workload upper limit, a warning message is issued. When the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is 80% of the preset workload upper limit, a tool change prompt is issued.

4. The CNC machine tool cutting sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current workload parameter of the spindle or X-axis is less than the preset load lower limit, the machine tool processing program is paused and a prompt is given that the current machine tool tool is not installed.

5. The CNC machine tool cutting sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current workload parameters of the machine tool spindle or X-axis are between the preset workload parameters, processing is performed normally.

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