Integrated metallographic specimen grinding and polishing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses integrated metallographic specimen grinding and polishing equipment which comprises a clamping robot, a first collecting box, a fixed box body, a grinding system, a polishing system, a conveying system, a second collecting box, a mounting table and a clamping system. Wherein the clamping robot, the first collecting box, the polishing system, the fixed box body, the polishing system and the second collecting box are sequentially and detachably mounted on the mounting table at intervals; the polishing system is arranged on the right side of the clamping robot and used for polishing the metallographic specimen; the polishing system is arranged on the side, away from the clamping robot, of the polishing system and used for polishing the polished metallographic specimen; the transmission system is in adaptive on-off transmission fit with the grinding system and the polishing system; the polishing system, the conveying system and the polishing system are detachably connected to the interior of the fixed box body; and the clamping system is used for clamping the metallographic specimen and is in sliding connection with the transmission system. Through combined work of the multiple systems, the metallographic specimen grinding and polishing device can efficiently grind and polish metallographic specimens in a large batch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metallographic sample grinding and polishing, and in particular relates to integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Metallographic specimens are important tools for observing the microstructure of metal materials. By studying the microstructure of metallographic specimens, we can obtain information about the composition, structure, and processing technology of the material. Therefore, the preparation of metallographic specimens is a delicate process, among which grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens are the most core steps in the preparation of metallographic specimens.

[0003] In the existing technology for preparing metallographic samples, it is first necessary to select representative samples to cut metallographic samples. However, the cut metallographic samples are usually too small or irregular in shape and difficult to grind directly. Therefore, it is necessary to embed the cut metallographic samples in thermosetting plastics, and then manually polish the embedded metallographic samples with sandpaper of different meshes, and finally manually polish the polished metallographic samples on a polishing machine. This method of preparing metallographic samples is not only inefficient, time-consuming, and has a low yield, but it is also very easy to cause damage to the operator's hands. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of difficult clamping and low efficiency in the process of grinding and polishing of metallographic samples in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment comprises a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table and a clamping system.

[0006] Among them, the structure of the mounting table is a rectangular plate, and the clamping robot, the first collection box, the polishing system, the fixed box, the polishing system and the second collection box are detachably installed on the mounting table in sequence; the polishing system is arranged on the right side of the clamping robot, and is used to polish the metallographic sample; the polishing system is arranged on the side of the polishing system away from the clamping robot, and is used to polish the polished metallographic sample; the transmission system is installed around the periphery of the first collection box, the polishing system, the polishing system and the second collection box, and is adapted to disconnect and transmit with the polishing system and the polishing system; the polishing system, the transmission system and the polishing system are detachably connected to the inside of the fixed box; the clamping system is used to clamp the metallographic sample, and the clamping system is meshed with the transmission system for transmission and is slidably connected with the transmission system.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches and with high efficiency by setting up an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table and a clamping system. During the working process, the clamping robot clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box, and clamps it to the clamping system sliding on the transmission system on one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system, then enters the grinding system to grind the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system to polish the metallographic sample, and finally places the ground and polished metallographic sample in the second collection box. The assembly line operation of grinding and polishing metallographic samples is realized, which greatly saves manpower and time costs and avoids damage to the hands caused by manual grinding and polishing of metallographic samples.

[0008] The polishing system comprises a power mechanism, a rotating mechanism assembly, a sandpaper loading mechanism and a chip removal mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the main shaft at intervals.

[0009] The main shaft is arranged between the power mechanism and the chip removal mechanism and is detachably connected to the two. The power mechanism provides power for the rotation of the main shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a fixed plate, a first worm gear, a first motor and a first turbine.

[0011] The fixed plate is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and two groups of bases are integrally arranged on one side of the fixed plate along the symmetry line of its long side, and a worm hole is arranged on each base; the first motor is detachably connected to the side of the fixed plate where the base is arranged, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm; the two ends of the first worm are rotatably installed in the worm hole, and the matching method is clearance matching; a main shaft mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the first turbine, and the main shaft mounting hole is detachably connected to the upper end of the main shaft; the first turbine is meshed with the first worm for transmission, and the rotation of the first motor drives the first worm to rotate, thereby driving the first worm wheel to rotate, and then driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0012] The rotating mechanism assembly is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism and is composed of 6 rotating mechanisms that are detachably connected in pairs around the main shaft; the rotating mechanism structure is a hollow trapezoidal body, and the rotating mechanism is provided with two first annular racks on the inner and outer surfaces where the long sides are located along the symmetry line of the long sides, and two groups of first U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the first annular rack and located on the rotating mechanism, and the first U-shaped guide rails are provided with sliding grooves; the short side structure of the rotating mechanism is in an arc shape, and the radius of the short side is the same as the radius of the middle section of the main shaft.

[0013] The sandpaper loading mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a first pneumatic cylinder, a sandpaper loading plate and a lifting mechanism; the mounting frame structure is a hollow hexagon; the first pneumatic cylinder is vertically mounted on 6 planes inside the mounting frame; the sandpaper loading plate structure is a rectangular thin plate and is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder, and each sandpaper loading plate is mounted with sandpapers of different meshes for polishing the metallographic sample; each sandpaper loading plate is arranged in front of each plane inside the mounting frame and is parallel to each plane inside the mounting frame in a one-to-one correspondence, and in order to ensure stable support, 4 first pneumatic cylinders are arranged between each plane inside the mounting frame and the sandpaper loading plate; the sandpaper loading plate moves along the direction of extension and contraction of the first pneumatic cylinder.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the power mechanism provides power for the rotation of the main shaft, which can make the rotating mechanism assembly rotate at an angle relative to the mounting frame, so that each side of the rotating mechanism assembly always remains parallel to the sandpaper loading plate. Sandpapers of different meshes can be installed on the sandpaper loading plate arranged inside the sandpaper loading mechanism according to the actual polishing conditions. For example, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1500 mesh, and 2000 mesh sandpapers are respectively arranged on the 6 sandpaper loading plates, so that the metallographic specimen is automatically polished from the sandpaper of small mesh to the sandpaper of large mesh in sequence, so as to meet the polishing standard of the metallographic specimen.

[0015] The lifting mechanism is used to lift and lower the mounting frame.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a housing, a second motor, a protection frame, support legs, a mounting rod, a second turbine and a second worm gear.

[0017] The structure of the shell is a U-shaped groove, the shell is vertically and detachably connected to the mounting platform, the second motor is slidably installed on the inner surface of the shell, and the shell is detachably connected to the supporting leg.

[0018] The structure of the supporting leg is a dumbbell-shaped stepped shaft which is thin in the middle and thick at both ends. A rectangular groove is vertically arranged inside one side of the middle section of the supporting leg, and a straight rack is vertically arranged inside the rectangular groove; the bottom of the supporting leg is vertically and detachably connected to the mounting platform.

[0019] The mounting rod is integrally connected by a mounting seat, a connecting rod and a mounting ring. The mounting seat is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is gap-matched with the middle section of the supporting leg. An open groove is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring, and the open groove is installed parallel to the rectangular groove. A second turbine and a second worm are provided inside the open groove, and the second turbine and the second worm are meshed for transmission, and the second turbine is meshed for transmission with the spur rack.

[0020] The protection frame structure is a Y-shaped slot, the protection frame is detachably connected to the open slot, the output end of the second motor is detachably connected to one end of the second worm through the protection frame, the second motor drives the second worm to engage with the second turbine for transmission, and the second turbine engages with the spur rack for transmission, so that the mounting rod slides on the support leg, and then the mounting frame moves up and down.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting frame can be quickly and automatically raised or lowered relative to the rotating mechanism assembly through the rotation of the second motor, thereby improving the working efficiency of the polishing system.

[0022] The chip removal mechanism is arranged below the main shaft to collect the metal debris generated after the metallographic sample is polished by sandpaper.

[0023] Preferably, the chip removal mechanism includes a storage box and a lever. The storage box is a hollow cylinder. The upper surface of the storage box is a concave disk. A triangular groove is arranged on the upper surface of the storage box, and the lower surface is detachably connected to the mounting table. The lever is detachably arranged vertically on one side of the bottom of the spindle. The rotation of the spindle drives the lever to rotate. After the metal chips fall onto the upper surface of the storage box, the lever rotates to push the metal chips into the triangular groove, and then the metal chips fall into the storage box.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the metallographic sample can collect the fallen metal debris while being polished, thereby preventing the metal debris from causing adverse effects on the operation of the system.

[0025] The transmission system includes a circular track, a first moving track, a second moving track, a track-changing track, a straight track, a second pneumatic cylinder and a third pneumatic cylinder; and the circular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the track-changing track and the straight track are adapted for opening and closing transmission cooperation.

[0026] The structure of the annular track is C-shaped, two second racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the annular track, and a second pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of second U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the second rack.

[0027] The first moving track and the second moving track have the same structure and are both L-shaped. Two third racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the first moving track, and one side of the upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder; two sets of third U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the third rack. Two fourth racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the second moving track, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the fourth rack.

[0028] The structure of the track-changing track is elliptical, with two fifth racks arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the track-changing track, and two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails fixedly arranged on both sides of the fifth rack; the track-changing track is composed of 4 quarter-arc tracks and 2 semi-arc tracks adapted for switching transmission coordination, and a first base is integrally arranged on the upper surface of the semi-arc tracks.

[0029] Two sixth racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the straight track and a third pneumatic cylinder is fixed to the end of one side of the upper surface; two groups of sixth U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the sixth rack; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second moving track.

[0030] Preferably, the upper surfaces of the annular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the track-changing track and the straight track are located in the same horizontal plane; the tooth pitch and structure of each group of the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack and the sixth rack are the same, and the track gauge and structure of each group of the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail and the sixth U-shaped guide rail are the same; the first moving track moves along the direction in which the second pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail can be docked with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively; the second moving track moves along the direction in which the third pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the fourth rack and the fourth U-shaped guide rail can be docked with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular track, the first moving track, the rotating mechanism assembly, the second moving track, the straight track and the track change track can form a closed loop system. The specific working process is as follows: The clamping system holds the metallographic sample to be polished and slides from the annular track to the first moving track, then the lifting mechanism lowers the mounting frame, the second pneumatic cylinder pushes the first moving track to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly, so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail dock with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively, and then the clamping system holds the metallographic sample to be polished and enters the interior of the rotating mechanism assembly from the sliding groove, and finally the second pneumatic cylinder located on the left side of the polishing system pulls the first moving track back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism raises the mounting frame to the initial position. Through the sliding of the clamping system inside the rotating mechanism assembly and the rotation of the rotating mechanism assembly driven by the power mechanism, the clamping system can hold the metallographic sample to be polished and polish the metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate.

[0032] First, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to retract, and then the power mechanism drives the sliding side of the rotating mechanism assembly with the clamping system to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate provided with 400-mesh sandpaper. Subsequently, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 400-mesh sandpaper. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate provided with 400-mesh sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate to retract, and the first drive motor arranged inside the clamping system drives the rotating disk to rotate 180 degrees. After changing the direction of the clamping system clamping the metallographic sample, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to return to its original position. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and continues to polish on the loading plate provided with 400 mesh sandpaper. After continuing to polish for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to retract again, and the power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism assembly to slide the side of the clamping system to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate provided with 600 mesh sandpaper. Subsequently, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 600 mesh sandpaper. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample and begins to polish on the sandpaper loading plate provided with 600 mesh, and polishes to 2000 mesh sandpaper in sequence.

[0033] When the clamping system has completed polishing the metallographic specimen on the sandpaper loading plate provided with 2000-grit sandpaper, the first pneumatic cylinder continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate to retract, and the power mechanism drives the sliding side of the rotating mechanism assembly with the clamping system to rotate to a position parallel to the right side surface of the mounting frame.

[0034] Then the lifting mechanism lowers the mounting frame, and the third pneumatic cylinder pushes the second moving track to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly, so that the fourth rack and the fourth U-shaped guide rail dock with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively, and then the clamping system clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the inside of the rotating mechanism assembly to the second moving track through the sliding groove, and then the lifting mechanism continues to raise the mounting frame to the initial position, and the clamping system clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the second moving track to the straight track, and then slides to the track change track. Thereby realizing the automatic polishing of the metallographic sample, greatly improving the polishing efficiency of the metallographic sample and saving the polishing time of the metallographic sample.

[0035] The clamping system comprises a first supporting frame, a second supporting frame, a rotating gear, a slide rail, a first driving motor, a second driving motor, a rotating disk and a flexible clamp.

[0036] The structures of the first support frame and the second support frame are both in a p-shape, the first drive motor is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame, and the second drive motor is fixedly installed on the two side surfaces inside the first support frame; the rotating disk is located above the first support frame, and the center of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor; the center of the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor.

[0037] The second support frame is detachably mounted on the inner side of the first support frame, the rotating gear rotates inside the second support frame, and the slide rail is detachably arranged at the bottom of the first support frame and the second support frame.

[0038] Preferably, the rotating gear is meshed and driven with the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack and the sixth rack.

[0039] Preferably, the slide rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail and the sixth U-shaped guide rail.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the second drive motor drives the rotating gear to rotate, and the rotating gear meshes with the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack and the sixth rack for transmission, and the slide rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail and the sixth U-shaped guide rail, so that the clamping system can clamp the metallographic specimen and automatically slide inside the annular track, the first moving track, the rotating mechanism assembly, the straight track and the track change track.

[0041] The flexible clamp consists of two clamping mechanisms which are detachably and symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk to clamp the metallographic sample.

[0042] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a power box, a telescopic cylinder, a clamping box, a spring and a top shell.

[0043] The structure of the power box is an arc-shaped cavity and a telescopic cylinder is arranged at the center of the inner arc surface.

[0044] The structure of the clamping box is a hollow trapezoid, and the geometric center of the outer surface of the short side of the clamping box is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder; the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box is provided with an integrated array of push rods, each push rod is perpendicular to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box, the structure of the push rod is a cylinder, and the length of the push rod is two-thirds of the distance between the short side and the long side of the clamping box; the long side of the clamping box is provided with an array of telescopic through holes, and each push rod is concentric with each telescopic through hole.

[0045] The structure of the top shell is bullet-shaped, one end of the top shell is a semi-sphere and the other end is a hollow cylindrical groove inside, the hollow cylindrical groove and the top rod are installed with clearance matching, and the top shell and the telescopic through hole are clearance matching.

[0046] The spring is installed concentrically with the push rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to one end of the top shell provided with a hollow cylindrical groove, and the spring applies elastic force to the top shell.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a flexible clamp on the clamping system, the clamping system can clamp metallographic samples of different shapes and sizes to be ground and polished, greatly improving the clamping efficiency of the metallographic samples. By setting a telescopic cylinder and a clamping box in the clamping mechanism of the clamping system, when the clamping system clamps the metallographic sample and slides to the top of the second collection box on the transmission system, the telescopic cylinder automatically pulls the clamping box, causing the metallographic sample to fall from the clamping system into the second collection box, thereby realizing the automatic collection of the metallographic sample after grinding and polishing.

[0048] The polishing system comprises a track changing mechanism and a polishing machine, wherein the track changing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the polishing machine.

[0049] The track changing mechanism is used to change the structure of the track changing track, and the polishing machine is used to polish the metallographic sample; the track changing mechanism makes two semi-circular arc tracks spliced ​​into a disc, and the clamping system sliding on the semi-circular arc track clamps the metallographic sample for polishing on the polishing machine.

[0050] Preferably, the track changing mechanism includes a top plate, a fourth pneumatic cylinder, a track changing mechanism, a support column and a pushing plate.

[0051] The structure of the top plate is a rectangular thin plate, and a fourth pneumatic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top plate.

[0052] The track changing mechanism includes a track changing frame and a track changing rod movably arranged on the track changing frame; the track changing frame is T-shaped and is vertically connected to a support plate by two track changing plates, the two track changing plates are arranged in parallel and have the same structure, the support plate and the track changing plate are both rectangular thin plates, and a track changing plate is arranged on the track changing plate.

[0053] The structure of the track changing rod is ∟-shaped, one end of the track changing rod is movably connected in the changing track, and the other end of the track changing rod is fixedly connected to the first base; the top plate and the support plate are fixedly connected through a support column, one end of the support column is fixedly connected to the top plate, the support column passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter-arc tracks included in the track changing track.

[0054] The pushing plate structure is T-shaped and is vertically connected to the supporting plate by a connecting plate; the connecting plate is arranged between the two track changing plates and is detachably connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder; the supporting plate structure is dumbbell-shaped, and guide grooves are arranged at both ends of the supporting plate, and the track changing rod moves in the guide grooves; a first guide rail is fixedly arranged on the side of the supporting plate away from the connecting plate, and the first base slides on the first guide rail.

[0055] The fourth pneumatic cylinder pushes the push plate to move downward, thereby driving the track changing rod to move in the change track. After the push plate moves downward for a distance, the track changing rod drives the two semi-arc tracks to move toward each other while moving downward, thereby splicing the two semi-arc tracks into a disc; the clamping system on the semi-arc track clamps the metallographic sample for polishing on the polishing machine.

[0056] Preferably, the polishing machine includes a polishing box, a polishing motor, a polishing disc and a water supply system.

[0057] The polishing box is integrally connected by a cylindrical shell and a rectangular shell. The cylindrical shell is vertically arranged at the center of the upper surface of the rectangular shell. A polishing motor is arranged inside the cylindrical shell.

[0058] The polishing disc is a circular disc, which is installed inside the cylindrical shell and the upper surface is 2 cm lower than the upper surface of the cylindrical shell. The center of the polishing disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor. The polishing disc is concentric with the cylindrical shell and a polishing cloth is installed on the upper surface. The rotation of the polishing motor drives the polishing disc to rotate, thereby polishing the metallographic sample placed on it.

[0059] A water supply system is arranged inside the rectangular shell to inject water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc during polishing.

[0060] With the above technical solution, when the clamping system clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the inside of the rotating mechanism assembly to the second moving track, then slides to the straight track, and finally slides to the two semi-circular tracks of the track change track, the clamping system stops sliding. The fourth pneumatic cylinder starts to push the push plate downward, and the track change rod starts to move in the track change. After the push plate moves downward for a distance, due to the effect of the track change, the track change rod drives the two semi-circular tracks to move toward each other while moving downward, so that the two semi-circular tracks are spliced ​​into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor drives the polishing disc to rotate, and the clamping system on the semi-circular track clamps the metallographic sample and polishes it on the polishing disc. While polishing, the water supply system injects water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc, so as to achieve a better polishing effect on the metallographic sample.

[0061] The fixed box is used to protect, install and position the internal system.

[0062] Preferably, the structure of the fixed box is a U-shaped groove, and the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box are provided with strip grooves for observing the working conditions of the internal system of the fixed box.

[0063] A connecting column and a connecting rod are arranged on the inner upper surface of the fixed box; the connecting column is detachably connected to the upper surface of the annular track; and the connecting rod is detachably connected to the cylinder bodies of the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder.

[0064] The upper surface of the fixed plate included in the power mechanism is detachably connected to the inner surface of the upper plate of the fixed box body.

[0065] Preferably, the clamping robot comprises a support base, a mechanical arm, a robot control cabinet and a clamping claw.

[0066] The support seat can be detachably installed on the upper side of the installation platform, the mechanical arm is movably connected to the upper part of the support seat, and the mechanical arm drives the clamping claw to work; the robot control cabinet can be detachably installed on one side of the mechanical arm, and the robot control cabinet is electrically connected to the clamping robot.

[0067] The first collection box and the second collection box are rectangular boxes with an open upper surface. The first collection box and the second collection box have the same structure and the lower surfaces are both detachably connected to the mounting table. The first collection box is used to place metallographic samples to be ground or polished, and the second collection box is used to place metallographic samples that have been ground or polished.

[0068] The clamping robot comprises a clamping claw which clamps the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collection box, and clamps it to a clamping system which slides on a circular track on one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground or polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system, and then enters the grinding system to grind the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system to polish the metallographic sample.

[0069] By adopting the above technical solution, the automatic clamping of the metallographic specimen is realized by setting up a clamping robot, which greatly improves the clamping efficiency of the metallographic specimen.

[0070] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present application can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches and with high efficiency by setting up a set of integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table and a clamping system. During the working process, the clamping robot clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box, and clamps it to the clamping system sliding on the circular track on one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system, then enters the grinding system to grind the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system to polish the metallographic sample, and finally places the ground and polished metallographic sample in the second collection box. The assembly line operation of grinding and polishing metallographic samples is realized, which greatly saves manpower and time costs and avoids damage to the hands caused by manual grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention without a fixed box; Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention without a fixed box and in operation; Figure 4 A top view of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention without a fixed box; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a fixed box of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a polishing system of an integrated metallographic sample polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a polishing system of an integrated metallographic sample polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention when in operation; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a spindle and a rotating mechanism assembly of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a main shaft, a rotating mechanism assembly and a sandpaper loading mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 for Fig.12 Sectional view of AA in the middle; Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device without a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 A schematic structural diagram of a spindle and a chip removal mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of a track conversion mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.17 A schematic structural diagram of a track change mechanism of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention when in operation; Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the structure of a track changing mechanism and a track changing track of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.19A schematic structural diagram of a track changing mechanism and a track changing track from another perspective of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 20 A schematic structural diagram of a polishing machine for an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission system of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping system for an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.23 for Fig. 22 A partial cross-sectional view of Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible fixture of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.25 for Fig.24 A cross-sectional view of Fig.26 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping system and a straight track of an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 27 A schematic diagram of the local structure of the rotating mechanism assembly of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention when docking with the second motion track.

[0072] Description of reference numerals: 1. Clamping robot; 1-1, support base; 1-2, robotic arm; 1-3, robot control cabinet; 1-4, gripper; 2. The first collection box; 3. Fix the box; 3-1, connecting column; 3-2, connecting rod; 4. Polishing system; 4-1, spindle; 4-2, power mechanism; 4-3, rotating mechanism assembly; 4-4, sandpaper loading mechanism; 4-5, chip removal mechanism; 4-2-1, fixed plate; 4-2-2, first worm; 4-2-3, first motor; 4-2-4, first turbine; 4-2-1-1, base; 4-2-4-1, spindle mounting hole; 4-2-1-1-1, worm hole; 4-3-1, Rotation mechanism; 4-3-1-1, first annular rack; 4-3-1-2, first U-shaped guide rail; 4-3-1-2-1, sliding slot; 4-4-1, mounting frame; 4-4-2, first pneumatic cylinder; 4-4-3, sandpaper loading plate; 4-4-4, lifting mechanism; 4-4-4-1, housing; 4-4-4-2, second motor; 4-4-4-3, protection frame; 4-4-4-4, support leg; 4-4-4-5, mounting rod; 4-4-4-6, second turbine; 4-4-4-7, second worm; 4-4-4-4-1, rectangular slot; 4-4-4-4-2, straight rack; 4-4-4-5-1, mounting seat; 4-4-4-5-2, connecting rod; 4-4-4-5-3, mounting ring; 4-4-4-5-3-1, open slot; 4-5-1, storage box; 4-5-2, lever; 4-5-1-1, triangular slot; 5. Polishing system; 5-1. Track changing mechanism; 5-2. Polishing machine; 5-1-1, top plate; 5-1-2, fourth pneumatic cylinder; 5-1-3, track change mechanism; 5-1-4, support column; 5-1-5, push plate; 5-1-3-1, track change frame; 5-1-3-2, track change rod; 5-1-3-1-1, track change plate; 5-1-3-1-2, support plate; 5-1-3-1-1-1, change track; 5-1-5-1, connecting plate; 5-1-5-2, bearing plate; 5-1-5-2-1, first guide rail; 5-1-5-2-2, guide groove; 5-2-1, polishing box; 5-2-2, polishing motor; 5-2-3, polishing disc; 5-2-4, water supply system; 5-2-1-1, cylindrical shell; 5-2-1-2, rectangular shell; 6. Transmission system; 6-1, circular track; 6-2, first moving track; 6-3, second moving track; 6-4, track change track; 6-5, straight track; 6-6, second pneumatic cylinder; 6-7, third pneumatic cylinder; 6-1-1, second rack; 6-1-2, second U-shaped guide rail; 6-2-1, third rack; 6-2-2, third U-shaped guide rail; 6-3-1, fourth rack; 6-3-2, fourth U-shaped guide rail; 6-4-1, quarter arc track; 6-4-2, semi-circular arc track; 6-4-3, fifth rack; 6-4-4, fifth U-shaped guide rail; 6-4-2-1, first base; 6-5-1, fifth rack; 6-5-2, fifth U-shaped guide rail; 7. Second collection box; 8. Installation table; 9. Clamping system; 9-1, first support frame; 9-2, second support frame; 9-3, rotating gear; 9-4, slide rail; 9-5, first drive motor; 9-6, second drive motor; 9-7, rotating disk; 9-8, flexible clamp; 9-8-1, clamping mechanism; 9-8-1-1, power box; 9-8-1-2, telescopic cylinder; 9-8-1-3, clamping box; 9-8-1-4, spring; 9-8-1-5, top shell; 9-8-1-3-1, top rod; 9-8-1-3-2, telescopic through hole; 9-8-1-5-1, hollow cylindrical groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] The specific implementation of this embodiment discloses an integrated metallographic specimen grinding and polishing device, see Figure 1-Figure 4 The device includes a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting table 8 and a clamping system 9.

[0075] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The structure of the mounting table 8 is a rectangular plate, and the clamping robot 1, the first collection box 2, the polishing system 4, the fixed box 3, the polishing system 5 and the second collection box 7 are detachably installed on the mounting table 8 in sequence; the polishing system 4 is arranged on the right side of the clamping robot 1, and is used to polish the metallographic sample; the polishing system 5 is arranged on the side of the polishing system 4 away from the clamping robot 1, and is used to polish the polished metallographic sample; the transmission system 6 is installed around the periphery of the first collection box 2, the polishing system 4, the polishing system 5 and the second collection box 7, and is adapted to disconnect and transmit with the polishing system 4 and the polishing system 5; the polishing system 4, the transmission system 6 and the polishing system 5 are detachably connected to the inside of the fixed box 3; the clamping system 9 is used to clamp the metallographic sample, and the clamping system 9 is meshed with the transmission system 6 for transmission and is slidably connected with the transmission system 6.

[0076] For details, see Figure 1-Figure 4 The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: first, multiple clamping systems 9 are arranged statically on the transmission system 6 above the first collection box 2, waiting to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished; then, the clamping robot 1 starts to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2 to the multiple clamping systems 9 arranged above it on the transmission system 6; then, the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and start to slide clockwise on the transmission system 6; then, enter the polishing system 4 to polish the metallographic sample, and after the polishing is completed, enter the polishing system 5 to polish the polished metallographic sample; then, multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the polished metallographic sample and slide it on the transmission system 6 to the top of the second collection box 7, and place the polished metallographic sample in the second collection box 7; finally, multiple clamping systems 9 continue to slide on the transmission system 6 to the top of the first collection box 2 to wait for the next round of clamping. The above process is repeated, which can realize the assembly line grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, and can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches and with high efficiency.

[0077] More specifically, each system in the device works independently and in coordination with each other, and the coordination between them is controlled by a control system to control parameters such as working time and working speed. For example, the specific time and speed of the clamping robot 1 clamping the metallographic sample to be ground and polished to the multiple clamping systems 9 arranged on the transmission system 6 above the first collection box 2, the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 clamping the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and sliding on the transmission system 6 to the polishing system 4, the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 clamping the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the polishing system 4, the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 clamping the polished metallographic sample and sliding from the polishing system 4 to the polishing system 5, the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 clamping the polished metallographic sample on the polishing system 5, and after polishing, the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 clamping the polished metallographic sample and sliding on the transmission system 6 to the second collection box 7, and the specific time and speed of the multiple clamping systems 9 continuing to slide on the transmission system 6 to the first collection box 2 are all controlled by their own independent systems, and the independent systems are coordinated and controlled with each other.

[0078] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches and with high efficiency by setting up an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting table 8 and a clamping system 9. During the working process, the clamping robot 1 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2, and clamps it to the clamping system 9 sliding on the transmission system 6 on one side of the clamping robot 1. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system 6, then enters the grinding system 4 to grind the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system 5 to polish the metallographic sample, and finally places the ground and polished metallographic sample in the second collection box 7. The assembly line operation of grinding and polishing metallographic samples is realized, which greatly saves manpower and time costs and avoids damage to the hands caused by manual grinding and polishing of metallographic samples.

[0079] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 6-Figure 15 The polishing system 4 includes a power mechanism 4-2, a rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, a sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 and a chip removal mechanism 4-5 which are sequentially arranged on the main shaft 4-1 at intervals.

[0080] See also Figure 7 The spindle 4-1 is arranged between the power mechanism 4-2 and the chip removal mechanism 4-5, and is detachably connected to both.

[0081] See also Figure 8 The power mechanism 4-2 provides power for the rotation of the main shaft 4-1.

[0082] Specifically, the power mechanism 4-2 includes a fixed plate 4-2-1, a first worm gear 4-2-2, a first motor 4-2-3 and a first turbine 4-2-4.

[0083] More specifically, the shape of the fixed plate 4-2-1 is a rectangular plate, and two groups of bases 4-2-1-1 are integrally arranged along the symmetry line of the long side of one side of the fixed plate 4-2-1, and each base 4-2-1-1 is provided with a worm hole 4-2-1-1-1; the first motor 4-2-3 is detachably connected to the side of the fixed plate 4-2-1 provided with the base 4-2-1-1, and the output end of the first motor 4-2-3 is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm 4-2-2; the first worm 4- The two ends of 2-2 can be rotatably installed in the worm hole 4-2-1-1-1, and the matching method is clearance fit; a main shaft mounting hole 4-2-4-1 is provided in the middle of the first turbine 4-2-4, and the main shaft mounting hole 4-2-4-1 is detachably connected to the upper end of the main shaft 4-1; the first turbine 4-2-4 is meshed with the first worm 4-2-2 for transmission, and the first motor 4-2-3 rotates to drive the first worm 4-2-2 to rotate, thereby driving the first worm wheel to rotate, and then driving the main shaft 4-1 to rotate.

[0084] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 and is composed of 6 rotating mechanisms 4-3-1 that are detachably connected in pairs around the main shaft 4-1; the rotating mechanism 4-3-1 has a hollow trapezoidal structure, and the rotating mechanism 4-3-1 is provided with two first annular racks 4-3-1-1 on the inner and outer surfaces where the long sides are located along the symmetry line of the long sides, and two groups of first U-shaped guide rails 4-3-1-2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and on the rotating mechanism 4-3-1, and the first U-shaped guide rails 4-3-1-2 are provided with sliding grooves 4-3-1-2-1; the short side structure of the rotating mechanism 4-3-1 is in an arc shape, and the radius of the short side is the same as the radius of the middle section of the main shaft 4-1.

[0085] See also Fig.11 The sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 includes a mounting frame 4-4-1, a first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, a sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 and a lifting mechanism 4-4-4; the mounting frame 4-4-1 is a hollow hexagon; the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 is vertically mounted on the six planes inside the mounting frame 4-4-1; the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is a rectangular thin plate and is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, and each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is installed with Sandpapers of different mesh sizes are used to polish metallographic samples; each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is arranged in front of each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 and is parallel to each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1. To ensure stable support, four first pneumatic cylinders 4-4-2 are arranged between each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 and the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3; the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 moves along the direction of extension and retraction of the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2.

[0086] By adopting the above technical solution, the power mechanism 4-2 provides power for the rotation of the main shaft 4-1, so that the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 can rotate at an angle relative to the mounting frame 4-4-1, so that each side of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 always remains parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3. Sandpapers of different meshes can be installed on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 arranged inside the sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 according to the actual polishing conditions, such as 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1500 mesh, and 2000 mesh sandpapers are respectively arranged on the six sandpaper loading plates 4-4-3, so that the metallographic sample is automatically polished from the sandpaper of small mesh to the sandpaper of large mesh in sequence, so as to meet the polishing standard of the metallographic sample.

[0087] See also Fig.11 and Fig.14 The lifting mechanism 4-4-4 is used to lift the mounting frame 4-4-1.

[0088] Specifically, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 includes a housing 4-4-4-1, a second motor 4-4-4-2, a protection frame 4-4-4-3, support legs 4-4-4-4, a mounting rod 4-4-4-5, a second turbine 4-4-4-6 and a second worm 4-4-4-7.

[0089] More specifically, the structure of the outer shell 4-4-4-1 is a U-shaped groove, the outer shell 4-4-4-1 is detachably connected to the mounting platform 8 vertically, the second motor 4-4-4-2 is slidably installed on the inner surface of the outer shell 4-4-4-1, and the outer shell 4-4-4-1 is detachably connected to the supporting leg 4-4-4-4.

[0090] More specifically, the structure of the supporting leg 4-4-4-4 is a dumbbell-shaped stepped shaft which is thin in the middle and thick at both ends, a rectangular groove 4-4-4-4-1 is vertically arranged inside one side of the middle section of the supporting leg 4-4-4-4, and a straight rack 4-4-4-4-2 is vertically and integrally arranged inside the rectangular groove 4-4-4-4-1; the bottom of the supporting leg 4-4-4-4 is vertically and detachably connected to the mounting platform 8.

[0091] More specifically, the mounting rod 4-4-4-5 is integrally connected by a mounting seat 4-4-4-5-1, a connecting rod 4-4-4-5-2 and a mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3. The mounting seat 4-4-4-5-1 is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame 4-4-1. The mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3 is gap-matched with the middle section of the supporting leg 4-4-4-4. An opening is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3. Slot 4-4-4-5-3-1, the open slot 4-4-4-5-3-1 is installed in parallel with the rectangular slot 4-4-4-4-1; the second turbine 4-4-4-6 and the second worm 4-4-4-7 are arranged inside the open slot 4-4-4-5-3-1, the second turbine 4-4-4-6 and the second worm 4-4-4-7 are meshingly transmitted, and the second turbine 4-4-4-6 is meshingly transmitted with the spur rack 4-4-4-4-2.

[0092] More specifically, the structure of the protection frame 4-4-4-3 is a Y-shaped groove, the protection frame 4-4-4-3 is detachably connected to the opening groove 4-4-4-5-3-1, the output end of the second motor 4-4-4-2 is detachably connected to one end of the second worm 4-4-4-7 through the protection frame 4-4-4-3, the second motor 4-4-4-2 drives the second worm 4-4-4-7 to engage with the second turbine 4-4-4-6 for transmission, the second turbine 4-4-4-6 engages with the spur rack 4-4-4-4-2 for transmission, so that the mounting rod 4-4-4-5 slides on the supporting leg 4-4-4-4, and then the mounting frame 4-4-1 moves up and down.

[0093] By adopting the above technical solution, the second motor 4-4-4-2 is rotated to enable the mounting frame 4-4-1 to quickly and automatically rise or fall relative to the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, thereby improving the working efficiency of the polishing system 4.

[0094] See also Fig.15 The chip removal mechanism 4-5 is arranged below the main shaft 4-1 to collect metal debris generated after the metallographic sample is polished by sandpaper.

[0095] Specifically, the chip removal mechanism 4-5 includes a storage box 4-5-1 and a lever 4-5-2. The storage box 4-5-1 is a hollow cylinder. The upper surface of the storage box 4-5-1 is a concave disk. A triangular groove 4-5-1-1 is arranged on the upper surface of the storage box 4-5-1, and the lower surface is detachably connected to the mounting table 8. The lever 4-5-2 is detachably arranged vertically on one side of the bottom of the spindle 4-1. The rotation of the spindle 4-1 drives the lever 4-5-2 to rotate. After the metal chips fall onto the upper surface of the storage box 4-5-1, the lever 4-5-2 rotates to push the metal chips into the triangular groove 4-5-1-1, and then the metal chips fall into the storage box 4-5-1.

[0096] By adopting the above technical solution, the metallographic sample can collect the fallen metal debris while being polished, thereby preventing the metal debris from causing adverse effects on the operation of the system.

[0097] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 1-Figure 4 and Fig.21 The transmission system 6 includes a circular track 6-1, a first moving track 6-2, a second moving track 6-3, a track-changing track 6-4, a straight track 6-5, a second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 and a third pneumatic cylinder 6-7; and the circular track 6-1, the first moving track 6-2, the second moving track 6-3, the track-changing track 6-4 and the straight track 6-5 are adapted for opening and closing transmission coordination.

[0098] Specifically, the structure of the annular track 6-1 is C-shaped, two second racks 6-1-1 are spaced apart on the lower surface of the annular track 6-1 and a second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of second U-shaped guide rails 6-1-2 are fixed on both sides of the second rack 6-1-1.

[0099] For more details, see Fig. 27 The first moving track 6-2 and the second moving track 6-3 have the same structure and are both L-shaped. Two third racks 6-2-1 are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the first moving track 6-2, and one side of the upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6; two sets of third U-shaped guide rails 6-2-2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the third rack 6-2-1. Two fourth racks 6-3-1 are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the second moving track 6-3, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails 6-3-2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the fourth rack 6-3-1.

[0100] For more details, see Figure 16-Figure 19 The structure of the track-changing track 6-4 is elliptical, and two fifth racks 6-4-3 are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the track-changing track 6-4, and two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails 6-4-4 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the fifth rack 6-4-3; the track-changing track 6-4 is adapted for breaking and transmission cooperation by four quarter-arc tracks 6-4-1 and two semi-arc tracks 6-4-2, and a first base 6-4-2-1 is integrally arranged on the upper surface of the semi-arc track 6-4-2.

[0101] For more details, see Fig.26 Two sixth racks 6-5-1 are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the straight track 6-5, and a third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 is fixed to the end of one side of the upper surface; two groups of sixth U-shaped guide rails 6-5-2 are fixed on both sides of the sixth rack 6-5-1; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second moving track 6-3.

[0102] More specifically, the upper surfaces of the annular track 6-1, the first moving track 6-2, the second moving track 6-3, the track change track 6-4 and the straight track 6-5 are located in the same horizontal plane; the tooth pitch and structure of each group of the first annular rack 4-3-1-1, the second rack 6-1-1, the third rack 6-2-1, the fourth rack 6-3-1, the fifth rack 6-4-3 and the sixth rack 6-5-1 are the same, and each group of the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, the second U-shaped guide rail 6-1-2, the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2, the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2, the fifth U-shaped The track gauge and structure of the guide rail 6-4-4 and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2 are the same; the first movable rail 6-2 moves along the direction in which the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 extends, so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 can be docked with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively; the second movable rail 6-3 moves along the direction in which the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 extends, so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 can be docked with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively.

[0103] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular track 6-1, the first moving track 6-2, the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, the second moving track 6-3, the straight track 6-5 and the track change track 6-4 can form a closed-loop system.

[0104] For details, see Figure 2-Figure 4 , Figure 6-Figure 7 , Figure 9-11 as well as Fig. 27 , the clamping system 9 clamps the unpolished metallographic sample and slides from the annular track 6-1 to the first moving track 6-2, then the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 drops the mounting frame 4-4-1, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first moving track 6-2 to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 are docked with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively, then the clamping system 9 clamps the unpolished metallographic sample and enters the interior of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 from the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1, finally, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 located on the left side of the polishing system 4 pulls the first moving track 6-2 back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 raises the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position. By sliding the clamping system 9 inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 and the power mechanism 4-2 driving the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate, the clamping system 9 can clamp the unpolished metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to polish the metallographic sample.

[0105] More specifically, first, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and then the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide the side with the clamping system 9 to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 400-mesh sandpaper, and then the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 400-mesh sandpaper, and the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 400-mesh sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the first drive motor 9-5 arranged inside the clamping system 9 drives the rotating disk 9-7 to rotate 180 degrees. After changing the direction of the clamping system 9 clamping the metallographic sample, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to return to the original position, and the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and continues to polish on the loading plate provided with 400 mesh sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4- 2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract again, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide the side with the clamping system 9 to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 600 mesh sandpaper. Then the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 600 mesh sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample and starts to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 600 mesh, and polishes it to 2000 mesh sandpaper in turn.

[0106] More specifically, after the clamping system 9 completes polishing of the metallographic specimen on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 2000-grit sandpaper, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide one side of the clamping system 9 and rotate to a position parallel to the right side surface of the mounting frame 4-4-1.

[0107] More specifically, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 then lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1, and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 pushes the second moving track 6-3 to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 are docked with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively, and then the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the inside of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to the second moving track 6-3 through the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1, and then the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 continues to raise the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position, and the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the second moving track 6-3 to the straight track 6-5, and then slides to the track change track 6-4. Thereby, the automatic polishing of the metallographic sample is realized, which greatly improves the polishing efficiency of the metallographic sample and saves the polishing time of the metallographic sample.

[0108] It should be noted that, in the present application, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to contract, which means that the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to approach the plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 that is parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3; the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend, which means that the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to move away from the plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 that is parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3.

[0109] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 22-Figure 27 The clamping system 9 includes a first support frame 9-1, a second support frame 9-2, a rotating gear 9-3, a slide rail 9-4, a first drive motor 9-5, a second drive motor 9-6, a rotating disk 9-7 and a flexible clamp 9-8.

[0110] Specifically, the structures of the first support frame 9-1 and the second support frame 9-2 are both in a shape of п, and the first drive motor 9-5 is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame 9-1, and the second drive motor 9-6 is fixedly installed on the two side surfaces inside the first support frame 9-1; the rotating disk 9-7 is located above the first support frame 9-1, and the center of the rotating disk 9-7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor 9-5; the center of the rotating gear 9-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor 9-6.

[0111] More specifically, the second support frame 9-2 can be detachably installed on the inner side of the first support frame 9-1, the rotating gear 9-3 rotates inside the second support frame 9-2, and the slide rail 9-4 can be detachably arranged at the bottom of the first support frame 9-1 and the second support frame 9-2.

[0112] More specifically, the rotating gear 9-3 is meshed with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1, the second rack 6-1-1, the third rack 6-2-1, the fourth rack 6-3-1, the fifth rack 6-4-3 and the sixth rack 6-5-1 for transmission.

[0113] More specifically, the slide rail 9-4 slides on the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, the second U-shaped guide rail 6-1-2, the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2, the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2, the fifth U-shaped guide rail 6-4-4 and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2.

[0114] By adopting the above technical solution, the second drive motor 9-6 drives the rotating gear 9-3 to rotate, and the rotating gear 9-3 is meshed with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1, the second rack 6-1-1, the third rack 6-2-1, the fourth rack 6-3-1, the fifth rack 6-4-3 and the sixth rack 6-5-1 for transmission, and the slide rail 9-4 slides on the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, the second U-shaped guide rail 6-1-2, the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2, the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2, the fifth U-shaped guide rail 6-4-4 and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2, so that the clamping system 9 can clamp the metallographic sample and automatically slide inside the annular track 6-1, the first moving track 6-2, the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, the straight track 6-5 and the track change track 6-4.

[0115] For details, see Figure 22-Figure 25 The flexible clamp 9-8 is composed of two clamping mechanisms 9-8-1 which are detachably and symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk 9-7 to clamp the metallographic sample.

[0116] More specifically, the clamping mechanism 9-8-1 includes a power box 9-8-1-1, a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2, a clamping box 9-8-1-3, a spring 9-8-1-4 and a top shell 9-8-1-5.

[0117] More specifically, the structure of the power box 9-8-1-1 is an arc-shaped cavity and a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 is arranged at the center of the internal arc surface.

[0118] More specifically, the structure of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is a hollow trapezoid, and the geometric center of the outer surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2; the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is provided with an integrated array of push rods 9-8-1-3-1, each push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is perpendicular to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3, and the structure of the push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is a cylinder; the length of the push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is two-thirds of the distance between the short side and the long side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3; the long side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is provided with an array of telescopic through holes 9-8-1-3-2, and each push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is cocentric with each telescopic through hole 9-8-1-3-2.

[0119] More specifically, the structure of the top shell 9-8-1-5 is bullet-shaped, one end of the top shell 9-8-1-5 is a semi-sphere and the other end has a hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1 inside, the hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1 is installed with a clearance fit with the top rod 9-8-1-3-1, and the top shell 9-8-1-5 is installed with a clearance fit with the telescopic through hole 9-8-1-3-2.

[0120] The spring 9-8-1-4 is installed cocentrically with the top rod 9-8-1-3-1, one end of the spring 9-8-1-4 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3, and the other end of the spring 9-8-1-4 is fixedly connected to one end of the top shell 9-8-1-5 provided with a hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1. The spring 9-8-1-4 applies elastic force to the top shell 9-8-1-5.

[0121] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a flexible clamp 9-8 on the clamping system 9, the clamping system 9 can clamp metallographic samples of different shapes and sizes to be ground and polished, which greatly improves the clamping efficiency of the metallographic samples. By setting a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 and a clamping box 9-8-1-3 in the clamping mechanism 9-8-1 of the clamping system 9, when the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample and slides to the top of the second collection box 7 on the transmission system 6, the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 automatically pulls the clamping box 9-8-1-3, causing the metallographic sample to fall from the clamping system 9 into the second collection box 7, thereby realizing the automatic collection of the metallographic sample after grinding and polishing.

[0122] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 16-Figure 20 The polishing system 5 includes a track changing mechanism 5-1 and a polishing machine 5-2, and the track changing mechanism 5-1 is arranged on the upper side of the polishing machine 5-2.

[0123] Preferably, the track conversion mechanism 5-1 is used to change the structure of the track change track 6-4, and the polishing machine 5-2 is used to polish the metallographic sample; the track conversion mechanism 5-1 makes the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 spliced ​​into a disc, and the clamping system 9 that slides onto the semi-circular arc track 6-4-2 clamps the metallographic sample for polishing on the polishing machine 5-2.

[0124] Specifically, the track changing mechanism 5-1 includes a top plate 5-1-1, a fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2, a track changing mechanism 5-1-3, a support column 5-1-4 and a push plate 5-1-5.

[0125] More specifically, the structure of the top plate 5-1-1 is a rectangular thin plate, and the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 is fixedly installed on the top plate 5-1-1.

[0126] More specifically, the track changing mechanism 5-1-3 includes a track changing frame 5-1-3-1 and a track changing rod 5-1-3-2 movably arranged on the track changing frame 5-1-3-1; the track changing frame 5-1-3-1 is T-shaped and is vertically integrated with two track changing plates 5-1-3-1-1 and a support plate 5-1-3-1-2, the two track changing plates 5-1-3-1-1 are arranged in parallel and have the same structure, the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 and the track changing plate 5-1-3-1-1 are both rectangular thin plates, and a changing track 5-1-3-1-1-1 is arranged on the track changing plate 5-1-3-1-1.

[0127] More specifically, the structure of the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 is ∟-shaped, one end of the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 is movably connected in the track changing track 5-1-3-1-1-1, and the other end of the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 is fixedly connected to the first base 6-4-2-1; the top plate 5-1-1 and the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 are fixedly connected through the support column 5-1-4, one end of the support column 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the top plate 5-1-1, the support column 5-1-4 penetrates the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 5-1-3-1-2, and the other end of the support column 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter arc tracks 6-4-1 included in the track changing track 6-4.

[0128] More specifically, the pushing plate 5-1-5 has a T-shaped structure and is vertically integrated with the connecting plate 5-1-5-1 and the supporting plate 5-1-5-2; the connecting plate 5-1-5-1 is arranged between the two track-changing plates 5-1-3-1-1 and is detachably connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2; the supporting plate 5-1-5-2 has a dumbbell-shaped structure, and guide grooves 5-1-5-2-2 are arranged at both ends of the supporting plate 5-1-5-2, and the track-changing rod 5-1-3-2 moves in the guide grooves 5-1-5-2-2; a first guide rail 5-1-5-2-1 is fixedly arranged on the side of the supporting plate 5-1-5-2 away from the connecting plate 5-1-5-1, and the first base 6-4-2-1 slides on the first guide rail 5-1-5-2-1.

[0129] More specifically, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 pushes the push plate 5-1-5 to move downward, thereby driving the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 to move in the change track 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the push plate 5-1-5 moves downward for a certain distance, the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-arc tracks 6-4-2 to move toward each other while moving downward, thereby making the two semi-arc tracks 6-4-2 spliced ​​into a disc; the clamping system 9 on the semi-arc track 6-4-2 clamps the metallographic sample and polishes it on the polishing machine 5-2.

[0130] Preferably, the polishing machine 5-2 includes a polishing box 5-2-1, a polishing motor 5-2-2, a polishing disc 5-2-3 and a water supply system 5-2-4.

[0131] Specifically, the polishing box 5-2-1 is integrally connected by a cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 and a rectangular shell 5-2-1-2. The cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 is vertically arranged at the center of the upper surface of the rectangular shell 5-2-1-2. A polishing motor 5-2-2 is arranged inside the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1.

[0132] More specifically, the structure of the polishing disk 5-2-3 is a circular disk. The polishing disk 5-2-3 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 and the upper surface is 2 cm lower than the upper surface of the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1. The center of the polishing disk 5-2-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor 5-2-2. The polishing disk 5-2-3 is cocentric with the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 and a polishing cloth is installed on the upper surface. The rotation of the polishing motor 5-2-2 drives the polishing disk 5-2-3 to rotate, so as to polish the metallographic sample placed thereon.

[0133] More specifically, a water supply system 5-2-4 is provided inside the rectangular parallelepiped housing 5-2-1-2 for injecting water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3 during polishing.

[0134] With the above technical solution, when the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the inside of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to the second moving track 6-3, then slides to the straight track 6-5, and finally slides to the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 of the track change track 6-4, the clamping system 9 stops sliding. The fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 starts to push the push plate 5-1-5 to move downward, and the track change rod 5-1-3-2 starts to move in the track change 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the push plate 5-1-5 moves downward for a distance, due to the action of the track change 5-1-3-1-1-1, the track change rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 to move toward each other while moving downward, so that the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 are spliced ​​into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor 5-2-2 drives the polishing disc 5-2-3 to rotate, and the clamping system 9 on the semicircular track 6-4-2 clamps the polished metallographic sample on the polishing disc 5-2-3 for polishing. During polishing, the water supply system 5-2-4 injects water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3 to achieve a better polishing effect on the metallographic sample.

[0135] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 5 The fixed box 3 is used to protect, install and position the internal system.

[0136] Specifically, the structure of the fixed box 3 is a U-shaped groove, and the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box 3 are provided with strip grooves for observing the working conditions of the internal system of the fixed box 3.

[0137] More specifically, a connecting column 3-1 and a connecting rod 3-2 are provided on the inner upper surface of the fixed box 3; the connecting column 3-1 is detachably connected to the upper surface of the annular track 6-1; the connecting rod 3-2 is detachably connected to the cylinder bodies of the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7.

[0138] More specifically, the upper surface of the fixed plate 4-2-1 included in the power mechanism 4-2 is detachably connected to the inner surface of the upper plate of the fixed box 3.

[0139] The specific embodiment of the present invention also discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, see Figure 1-Figure 4 The clamping robot 1 includes a support base 1-1, a robotic arm 1-2, a robot control cabinet 1-3 and a clamping claw 1-4.

[0140] Specifically, the support seat 1-1 can be detachably installed on the upper side of the mounting platform 8, the robotic arm 1-2 is movably connected to the upper part of the support seat 1-1, and the robotic arm 1-2 drives the clamping claw 1-4 to work; the robot control cabinet 1-3 can be detachably installed on one side of the robotic arm 1-2, and the robot control cabinet 1-3 is electrically connected to the clamping robot 1.

[0141] More specifically, the structure of the first collection box 2 and the second collection box 7 is a rectangular box with an open upper surface. The first collection box 2 and the second collection box 7 have the same structure and the lower surfaces are both detachably connected to the mounting table 8. The first collection box 2 is used to place metallographic samples to be ground or polished, and the second collection box 7 is used to place metallographic samples that have been ground or polished.

[0142] More specifically, the clamping robot 1 comprises a clamping claw 1-4 which clamps the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collecting box 2, and clamps it to a clamping system 9 which slides on a circular track 6-1 on one side of the clamping robot 1. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground or polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system 6, and then enters the polishing system 4 to polish the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system 5 to polish the metallographic sample.

[0143] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping robot 1 is provided to realize the automatic clamping of the metallographic sample, which greatly improves the clamping efficiency of the metallographic sample.

[0144] It should be noted that the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2, the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2, the first motor 4-2-3, the second motor 4-4-4-2, the polishing motor 5-2-2, the first drive motor 9-5, and the second drive motor 9-6 in the present application all have independent control systems; the independent systems inside the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 and the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 control their timed stretching and contraction; the independent systems inside the first motor 4-2-3, the second motor 4-4-4-2, the polishing motor 5-2-2, the first drive motor 9-5, and the second drive motor 9-6 control their timed rotation and stopping, and each independent control system cooperates with each other for control. The coordination and control between each independent system can make the clamping robot 1, grinding system 4, polishing system 5, transmission system 6 and clamping system 9 in the equipment work independently and continuously cooperate with each other, so as to realize the continuous clamping, transmission, grinding, polishing and other operations of the metallographic sample. Its control system can be, for example, a microcontroller, a CPU control module, a PLC controller, etc.

[0145] The mutual control between each independent system is explained with several working modes: the robot control cabinet 1-3 controls the robot arm 1-2 to drive the clamping claw 1-4 to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2, and clamp it to the clamping system 9 sliding on the transmission system 6 on one side of the clamping robot 1. Then the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and starts to slide from the circular track 6-1. It is a continuous process, which is a specific manifestation of the mutual control and connection between the two systems of this equipment.

[0146] The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be polished and slides from the annular track 6-1 to the first moving track 6-2, and then the second motor 4-4-4-2 drives the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 to descend the mounting frame 4-4-1, and then the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first moving track 6-2 to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3. This is a continuous process, which is also a specific manifestation of the mutual control and interconnection of multiple systems of this equipment.

[0147] In summary, the present application can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches and with high efficiency by setting up an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting table 8 and a clamping system 9.

[0148] During operation, the robot control cabinet 1-3 controls the robot arm 1-2 to drive the clamping claw 1-4 to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collection box 2, and clamps it to the clamping system 9 sliding on the transmission system 6 on one side of the clamping robot 1.

[0149] The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be polished and slides from the annular track 6-1 to the first moving track 6-2, then the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 drops the mounting frame 4-4-1, and the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first moving track 6-2 to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 dock with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively, then the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be polished and enters the interior of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 from the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1, and finally the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 on the left side of the polishing system 4 pulls the first moving track 6-2 back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 raises the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position. By sliding the clamping system 9 inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 and the power mechanism 4-2 driving the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate, the clamping system 9 can clamp the unpolished metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to polish the metallographic sample.

[0150] First, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and then the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide the side with the clamping system 9 to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 400 mesh sandpaper, and then the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 400 mesh sandpaper, and the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and starts to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 400 mesh sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the first drive motor 9-5 arranged inside the clamping system 9 drives the rotating disk 9-7 to rotate 180 degrees. After changing the direction of the clamping system 9 clamping the metallographic sample, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to return to the original position, and the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and continues to polish on the loading plate provided with 400 mesh sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4- 2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract again, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide the side with the clamping system 9 to rotate to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 600 mesh sandpaper. Then the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 600 mesh sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample and starts to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 600 mesh, and polishes it to 2000 mesh sandpaper in turn.

[0151] When the clamping system 9 has completed polishing the metallographic sample on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 provided with 2000 mesh sandpaper, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to slide the side with the clamping system 9 to rotate to a position parallel to the right side surface of the mounting frame 4-4-1.

[0152] Then the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1, and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 pushes the second moving track 6-3 to dock with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 are docked with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively, and then the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the inside of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to the second moving track 6-3 through the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1, and then the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 continues to raise the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position, and the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides from the second moving track 6-3 to the straight track 6-5, and then slides to the track change track 6-4, and finally slides to the two semicircular arc tracks 6-4-2 of the track change track 6-4, and then the clamping system 9 stops sliding.

[0153] The fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 starts to push the push plate 5-1-5 to move downward, and the track change rod 5-1-3-2 starts to move in the track change 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the push plate 5-1-5 moves downward for a distance, due to the effect of the track change 5-1-3-1-1-1, the track change rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 to move toward each other while moving downward, so that the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 are spliced ​​into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor 5-2-2 drives the polishing disc 5-2-3 to rotate, and the clamping system 9 on the semi-circular track 6-4-2 clamps the polished metallographic sample on the polishing disc 5-2-3 for polishing. During polishing, the water supply system 5-2-4 injects water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3, so as to achieve a better polishing effect on the metallographic sample.

[0154] After polishing is completed, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 starts to pull the push plate 5-1-5 to move upward, the track change rod 5-1-3-2 starts to move in the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1, and the track change mechanism 5-1 drives the clamping system 9 to return to its original position. The clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and continues to slide on the transmission system 6, sliding to the top of the second collection box 7. The polished metallographic sample falls from the clamping system 9 into the second collection box 7, and the polished metallographic sample is automatically collected.

[0155] Finally, the clamping system 9 continues to slide on the transmission system 6 to the top of the first collecting box 2 to wait for the next round of clamping.

[0156] The above process realizes the automation and assembly line polishing of metallographic samples, greatly improves the polishing efficiency of metallographic samples and saves the polishing time of metallographic samples.

[0157] The above specific embodiments of the present invention are described by specific specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention will be introduced in conjunction with the preferred embodiment, this does not mean that the features of this invention are limited to this specific embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the invention in conjunction with the specific embodiment is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present invention, the above description will include many specific details. The present invention can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0158] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0159] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0160] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0161] In the description of this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0162] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art may make various changes in form and details, including making several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Integrated metallographic specimen grinding and polishing equipment, characterized in that: It includes a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table and a clamping system; wherein, The clamping robot, the first collection box, the polishing system, the fixed box, the polishing system and the second collection box are detachably installed on the installation table in sequence; the transmission system is installed around the first collection box, the polishing system, the polishing system and the second collection box, and is adapted to the polishing system and the polishing system for on-off transmission cooperation; the clamping system is meshed with the transmission system for transmission and is slidably connected with the transmission system; The polishing system includes a power mechanism, a rotating mechanism assembly, a sandpaper loading mechanism and a chip removal mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the main shaft at intervals; wherein, The spindle is arranged between the power mechanism and the chip removal mechanism, and is detachably connected to both of them; The power mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a first worm, a first motor and a first turbine; wherein two groups of bases are arranged on one side of the fixed plate, and each of the bases is provided with a worm hole; the first motor is detachably connected to the fixed plate, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm; the two ends of the first worm are rotatably installed in the worm hole, and the matching mode is clearance matching; a main shaft mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the first turbine, and the main shaft mounting hole is connected to the upper end of the main shaft; the first turbine is meshed with the first worm for transmission; The rotating mechanism assembly is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism and is composed of six rotating mechanisms detachably connected in pairs around the main shaft; the rotating mechanism is provided with two first annular racks, two sets of first U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the first annular rack and located on the rotating mechanism, and the first U-shaped guide rails are provided with sliding grooves; The sandpaper loading mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a first pneumatic cylinder, a sandpaper loading plate and a lifting mechanism; the mounting frame structure is a hollow hexagon, the first pneumatic cylinder is vertically mounted on 6 planes inside the mounting frame, the sandpaper loading plate is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder, and each of the sandpaper loading plates is mounted with sandpaper of different meshes; the lifting mechanism is used to lift the mounting frame; The chip removal mechanism is arranged below the spindle; The transmission system includes a circular track, a first moving track, a second moving track, a track-changing track, a straight track, a second pneumatic cylinder and a third pneumatic cylinder; and the circular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the track-changing track and the straight track are adapted to be switched on and off for transmission; The clamping system includes a first support frame, a second support frame, a rotating gear, a slide rail, a first drive motor, a second drive motor, a rotating disk and a flexible clamp; wherein, The structures of the first support frame and the second support frame are both in a p-shape, the first driving motor is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame, and the second driving motor is installed inside the first support frame; the rotating disk is located above the first support frame, and the center of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the first driving motor; the center of the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second driving motor; The second support frame is installed on the inner side of the first support frame, and the slide rail is arranged at the bottom of the first support frame and the second support frame; The flexible clamp is detachably and symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk by two clamping mechanisms; The polishing system comprises a track changing mechanism and a polishing machine, wherein the track changing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the polishing machine.

2. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two second racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the annular track, and the second pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of second U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the second rack; Two third racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the first moving track, and one side of the upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder; two sets of third U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the third rack; two fourth racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the second moving track, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the fourth rack; Two fifth racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the track change track, and two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the fifth rack; the track change track is adapted for breaking and transmission by four quarter arc tracks and two semi-arc tracks, and a first base is integrally arranged on the upper surface of the semi-arc track; Two sixth racks are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the straight track, and the third pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of sixth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the sixth rack; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second moving track; The first moving track moves along the direction in which the second pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail can be docked with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively; the second moving track moves along the direction in which the third pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the fourth rack and the fourth U-shaped guide rail can be docked with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail respectively; The rotating gear is meshed and transmitted with the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack and the sixth rack; the sliding rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail and the sixth U-shaped guide rail.

3. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping robot comprises a support base, a mechanical arm, a robot control cabinet and a clamping claw; wherein, The support seat is installed on the upper side of the mounting platform, the mechanical arm is connected to the upper part of the support seat, the robot control cabinet is installed on one side of the mechanical arm, and the robot control cabinet is electrically connected to the clamping robot.

4. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a housing, a second motor, a protection frame, a support leg, a mounting rod, a second turbine and a second worm; wherein, The housing is vertically connected to the mounting platform, the second motor is slidably mounted on the inner surface of the housing, and the housing is connected to the supporting leg; A rectangular groove is vertically arranged inside one side of the middle section of the support leg, and a straight rack is vertically arranged inside the rectangular groove; the bottom of the support leg is vertically connected to the mounting platform; The mounting rod is integrally connected by a mounting seat, a connecting rod and a mounting ring, the mounting seat is connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is gap-matched with the middle section of the supporting leg; an open groove is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring, and the open groove is installed parallel to the rectangular groove; the second turbine and the second worm are provided inside the open groove, the second turbine and the second worm are meshed for transmission, and the second turbine is meshed for transmission with the spur rack; The protection frame is connected to the open slot, and the output end of the second motor is connected to one end of the second worm through the protection frame.

5. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip removal mechanism includes a storage box and a lever. The upper surface of the storage box is provided with a triangular groove and the lower surface is connected to the mounting table. The lever is vertically arranged on one side of the bottom of the spindle, and the rotation of the spindle drives the lever to rotate.

6. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a power box, a telescopic cylinder, a clamping box, a spring and a top shell; wherein the telescopic cylinder is arranged inside the power box; The outer surface of the clamping box is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder; the inner surface of the clamping box is provided with an integrated array of push rods, each of which is perpendicular to the inner surface of the clamping box, and the length of the push rod is two-thirds of the distance between the short side and the long side of the clamping box, and the long side array of the clamping box is provided with telescopic through holes, and each push rod is concentric with each telescopic through hole; one end of the top shell is a semi-sphere and the other end has a hollow cylindrical groove inside, the hollow cylindrical groove is installed with a clearance fit with the push rod, and the top shell is clear of the telescopic through hole; the spring is installed concentrically with the push rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the clamping box, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top shell.

7. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track change mechanism includes a top plate, a fourth pneumatic cylinder, a track change mechanism, a support column and a push plate; wherein, The fourth pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top plate; The track-changing mechanism comprises a track-changing frame and a track-changing rod movably arranged on the track-changing frame; the track-changing frame is vertically connected to a support plate by two track-changing plates, the two track-changing plates are arranged in parallel and have the same structure, and a track-changing plate is arranged on the track-changing plate; one end of the track-changing rod is movably connected to the track-changing track, and the other end of the track-changing rod is fixedly connected to the first base; the top plate and the support plate are fixedly connected by the support column, one end of the support column is fixedly connected to the top plate, the support column passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter-arc tracks included in the track-changing track; The pushing plate is vertically connected to the supporting plate by a connecting plate; the connecting plate is arranged between the two track-changing plates and connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder; guide grooves are arranged at both ends of the supporting plate, and the track-changing rod moves in the guide grooves; a first guide rail is fixedly arranged on one side of the supporting plate away from the connecting plate.

8. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing machine comprises a polishing box, a polishing motor, a polishing disc and a water supply system; wherein, The polishing box is integrally connected by a cylindrical shell and a rectangular shell, a polishing motor is arranged inside the cylindrical shell, and a water supply system is arranged inside the rectangular shell; The polishing disc structure is a disc, which is installed inside the cylindrical shell. The center of the polishing disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor. The polishing disc is concentric with the cylindrical shell and a polishing cloth is installed on the upper surface.

9. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the fixed box body is a U-shaped groove, and the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box body are provided with strip grooves. The upper surface inside the fixed box body is provided with connecting columns and connecting rods; the connecting columns are connected to the upper surfaces of the circular track and the straight track; the connecting rods are connected to the cylinder bodies of the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder.

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