Vehicle window glass and vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a vehicle window glass and a vehicle. The vehicle window glass includes laminated glass and an information acquisition area; an anti-reflective coating is disposed on the fourth surface of the laminated glass, and along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the anti-reflective coating at least completely covers the information acquisition area. The anti-reflective coating includes multiple stacked structures, extending from the fourth surface of the inner glass panel away from the outer glass panel. Each stacked structure includes a high-refractive-index layer and a low-refractive-index layer stacked sequentially. After heat treatment, the transmittance of the area covered by the anti-reflective coating in the vehicle window glass for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of 62°-68° is increased by at least 1% compared to before heat treatment. This application not only meets the transmittance requirements of vehicle window glass for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range, but also enables the anti-reflective coating to adapt to the manufacturing process of windshields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of glass product technology, particularly automotive window glass and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Typically, sensors such as visible light cameras, millimeter-wave radar, lidar, and ultrasonic radar are mounted near the top of the windshield inside a car. These sensors capture and process images of the external driving environment to assist in autonomous driving. Currently, the mainstream sensor choices include lidar and infrared cameras, especially lidar and infrared cameras capable of emitting and receiving wavelengths of 905nm. Therefore, the transmittance of 905nm light through the car window is crucial. However, current car windows, especially at certain angles, obstruct the transmission of infrared light to some extent, making their transmittance insufficient to meet the high-precision detection requirements of autonomous driving.

[0003] Patent CN101678651A discloses a tinted laminated vehicle window glass with at least 30% transmittance for light in the 400nm-2100nm wavelength range and at least 32% transmittance for light in the 750nm-1300nm wavelength range. However, the transmittance of this laminated glass still does not meet the requirements for use with 905nm wavelength lidar or infrared cameras. Patent CN101037099A discloses a device and method for installing an outward-facing infrared camera inside a vehicle. This method reduces light loss by placing an infrared transmission insert in a through-hole in the windshield and allowing the light emitted / received by the infrared camera to pass through the insert. However, this solution compromises the integrity of the windshield, reducing vehicle safety performance. Furthermore, this solution suffers from complex manufacturing processes.

[0004] In contrast, applying an anti-reflective coating to the surface of automotive glass near the interior of the vehicle, through a specialized film structure design, can achieve a corresponding anti-reflective effect on specific wavelengths of light at specific installation angles. In the manufacturing process of automotive windshields, heat treatment (including bending, pressing, or tempering) is required, and this heat treatment process often follows the surface coating process. The bending or pressing temperature is typically between 550℃ and 650℃. However, at these heat treatment temperatures, the anti-reflective coating is susceptible to uncertainties such as softening deformation, thickness changes, and changes in the film material, which can affect the anti-reflective effect or even cause it to fail. Therefore, to address this issue, this invention has conducted targeted research on the film structure of the anti-reflective coating and the transformation of the film's physicochemical properties at high temperatures, and designed a special anti-reflective coating adapted to the windshield manufacturing process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle window glass and vehicle in which, after heat treatment, the antireflective coating can improve the transmittance of light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm. This not only meets the transmittance requirements of vehicle window glass for light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm, but also enables the antireflective coating to adapt to the production process of windshields. In particular, after heat treatment processes such as bending and pressing of vehicle window glass, the transmittance of light in the information acquisition area of ​​vehicle window glass in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm remains high.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a vehicle window glass, including laminated glass and an information collection area. The laminated glass includes an outer glass panel, an intermediate layer, and an inner glass panel. The intermediate layer is sandwiched between the outer glass panel and the inner glass panel. The outer glass panel includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, with the second surface facing the intermediate layer. The inner glass panel includes a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to the third surface, with the third surface facing the intermediate layer.

[0007] An anti-reflective coating is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the anti-reflective coating at least completely covers the information acquisition area of ​​the window glass. The anti-reflective coating includes multiple stacked structures. Along the thickness direction of the window glass, the multiple stacked structures are stacked sequentially from the fourth surface of the inner glass plate to the direction away from the outer glass plate. Each stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer stacked sequentially.

[0008] After heat treatment, the transmittance of the area covered by the antireflective coating in the window glass for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is increased by at least 1% compared with that before heat treatment.

[0009] Understandably, by applying an anti-reflective coating to the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window, the transmittance of this area for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of 62°-68° can be improved. The anti-reflective coating is laminated onto the surface of the laminated glass without compromising its structural integrity, thus ensuring vehicle safety.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the plurality of the laminated structures are divided into a first laminated structure and a second laminated structure, and along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, all the first laminated structures are closer to the inner glass plate than all the second laminated structures.

[0011] The high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure is a partially oxidized metal oxide before the heat treatment, and the high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure is a fully oxidized metal oxide after the heat treatment.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure is made of metal oxide M. m O n Where M is a metallic element, O is an oxygen element, and m is each M m O n The number of atoms corresponding to the metal element in the molecule, where n is the number of O atoms, and the valence of the metal element is p. Before the heat treatment, the range of n is: n < p * m / 2.

[0013] In one possible implementation, prior to the heat treatment, the range of n is: n≤p*m*0.35.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the metallic element is at least one selected from Nb, La, Ta, Ti, Mo, Hf, and Zr.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the number of the first stacked structures is 1-3.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after the heat treatment, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of each of the first stacked structures increases by at least 10% compared to before the heat treatment.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure is made of Si or NbO. x SiN x ZrO x TiO x TiN x MoO x TaO x HfO x At least one of them.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the low-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure is made of SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them, wherein the low-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure is made of SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the high refractive index layer has a refractive index of 2.1-3.5, and the low refractive index layers all have a refractive index of 1.4-1.9.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the difference between the refractive index of the adjacent high-refractive-index layer and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is greater than 0.3.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the number of the stacked structures is 4 to 10.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the total thickness of the antireflective film is 300nm-1500nm.

[0023] In one possible implementation, prior to the heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° is ≥76%.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the transmittance of the information acquisition area with the antireflection coating for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is increased by at least 4% compared to the transmittance of the information acquisition area without the antireflection coating for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68°.

[0025] In one possible implementation, at least one of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate has a transmittance of at least 91% in the 900-1000 nm wavelength range.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the temperature range of the heat treatment is 550°C-650°C.

[0027] In one possible implementation, after the heat treatment, the visible light reflected color a value of the information acquisition area is less than or equal to -2 and the b value is less than 0 when measured from one side of the first surface, where a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the window glass further includes a heat-insulating film, which is disposed on the second surface of the outer glass panel and / or the third surface of the inner glass panel, avoiding the information collection area of ​​the window glass.

[0029] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle including a vehicle body and a window glass as described above, the window glass being connected to the vehicle body.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: by setting an anti-reflective coating in the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass, the transmittance of the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass to light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° can be improved. Through heat treatment, the light transmittance of the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass can be further improved, which is beneficial for 905nm wavelength lidar or infrared cameras to obtain high-precision detection results.

[0031] Furthermore, after undergoing high-temperature heat treatment at 550℃-650℃, the anti-reflective coating can improve the light transmittance of the information acquisition area of ​​the windshield, meaning that the anti-reflective coating has good thermal stability. Since the processing of windshields typically follows the coating process on the laminated glass surface, the anti-reflective coating can adapt to the processing techniques of windshields (processing temperature range of 550℃-650℃), such as bending, pressing, or tempering. Thus, when windshields undergo heat treatment, the optical performance of the information acquisition area not only does not degrade but is actually improved, which is beneficial for increasing the transmittance of light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range in the information acquisition area. Especially when the windshield is used, after processes such as bending and pressing, the transmittance of light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range in the information acquisition area of ​​the windshield remains high.

[0032] Furthermore, the anti-reflective coating is laminated on the fourth side of the laminated glass and can cover the information collection area of ​​the window glass without damaging the structural integrity of the laminated glass, thus ensuring the safety performance of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vehicle window glass along the thickness direction.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a planar structure of a vehicle window glass perpendicular to the thickness direction, including two implementation methods (a) and (b);

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the anti-reflective coating on the car window glass.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antireflection membrane in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0038] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the antireflection membrane in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional structure of a car window glass containing a heat-insulating film and a shielding layer.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1000 - Vehicle, 100 - Window glass, 200 - Vehicle body, 10 - Laminated glass, 20 - Anti-reflective coating, 11 - Outer glass panel, 12 - Intermediate layer, 13 - Inner glass panel, 111 - First surface, 112 - Second surface, 131 - Third surface, 132 - Fourth surface, S1 - Information acquisition area, S11 - Side, S2 - Non-information acquisition area, S21 - Field of view area, S22 - Shielding area, S221 - Outer side, S222 - Inner side, 20a - First laminated structure, 20b - Second laminated structure, 40 - Heat insulation film, 50 - Shielding layer. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] This application provides a vehicle window glass 100 that can improve the transmittance of the vehicle window glass 100 to light with a wavelength of 905nm. Applying the vehicle window glass 100 of this application to a vehicle 1000 can ensure the safety performance of the vehicle 1000.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 The vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body 200 and a window glass 100, which is connected to the vehicle body 200. The window glass 100 can be, but is not limited to, the windshield, side window, rear windshield, and sunroof of the vehicle 1000. In this embodiment, the window glass 100 is only illustrated as the windshield.

[0045] Please see Figure 2The vehicle window glass 100 includes laminated glass 10 and an information acquisition area S1. The information acquisition area S1 provides a signal transmission area for a sensor (not shown) to acquire signals. When the vehicle window glass 100 is installed on a vehicle 1000, the sensor is located inside the vehicle 1000, and the signals emitted and / or received by the sensor will pass through the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100. The laminated glass 10 includes an outer glass panel 11, an intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass panel 13, with the intermediate layer 12 stacked between the outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13. The outer glass panel 11 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 111 faces the outside of the vehicle 1000 and is part of the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 100. The second surface 112 faces the intermediate layer 12. The inner glass panel 13 includes a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132 disposed opposite to each other. The third surface 131 faces the intermediate layer 12, and the fourth surface 132 faces the interior of the vehicle 1000, belonging to the inner surface of the window glass 100. The intermediate layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131. In this application, the anti-reflective film 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass panel 13, and the anti-reflective film 20 at least completely covers the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100.

[0046] It should be noted that the laminated glass 10 can be in the form of a flat plate, or it can be in the form of a curved or arc-shaped surface. The shape of the laminated glass 10 is not limited to the shape described above; it can be any shape that meets the requirements for use with the vehicle window glass 100. This application does not impose strict limitations on the shape of the laminated glass 10.

[0047] At least one of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 has a transmittance of at least 91% in the 900-1000nm wavelength range, and can be made of ultra-clear float glass. In one embodiment, both the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 are made of ultra-clear float glass. Using ultra-clear float glass is beneficial for improving the transmittance of the window glass 100 to the 905nm wavelength light emitted and received by the sensor. The thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is w1, and the thickness of the inner glass plate 13 is w2, wherein w1 is greater than or equal to w2. In one possible embodiment, w1 is greater than or equal to twice w2. In another possible embodiment, w1 is greater than or equal to 2.5 times w2.

[0048] For example, the thickness w1 of the outer glass panel 11 is 3.2 mm, and the thickness w2 of the inner glass panel 13 is 1.1 mm. Since the outer glass panel 11 needs to have high durability and impact resistance to external obstacles, it is preferably thick glass. In order to reduce the absorption of light by the inner glass panel 13, the thickness of the inner glass panel 13 is relatively small. To meet the strength requirements of the glass, the inner glass panel 13 can be tempered to improve its strength, so that it can minimize the absorption of light while meeting the requirements of lightweighting, thereby reducing the total thickness of the inner glass panel 13 and the outer glass panel 11.

[0049] In this application, the interlayer 12 is a thermoplastic polymer layer used to bond the outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13 to form a sandwich structure. The material of the interlayer 12 includes, but is not limited to, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin elastomer (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane (PU), etc., preferably PVB. The use of PVB can effectively suppress the propagation of noise, enabling the laminated glass 10 to achieve a sound insulation effect.

[0050] In this application, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 for light in the wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm incident at an incident angle of 65° is 68%.

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 In (a) and (b) of this application, the vehicle window glass 100 also includes an information acquisition area S1 and a non-information acquisition area S2. The information acquisition area S1 and the non-information acquisition area S2 do not overlap, and the non-information acquisition area S2 surrounds the information acquisition area S1. The non-information acquisition area S2 includes a field of view area S21 and a shielding area S22. The field of view area S21 is a transparent area used for indoor and outdoor light transmission, i.e., the main viewing area of ​​the vehicle window. The shielding area S22 is used to prevent visible light from passing through the laminated glass 10. In other embodiments, the field of view area S21 may also be partially used for a head-up display (HUD), i.e., as the HUD field of view area to display information such as driving speed, dynamic navigation, and business district information. The shielding area S22 may also be used solely for aesthetic purposes. This application does not strictly limit the use of the non-information acquisition area S2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the information acquisition area S1, the field of view S21, and the occlusion area S22 do not overlap. One possible implementation is as follows: Figure 3(a) The information acquisition area S1 is located within the field of view S21, and the field of view S21 is located outside the information acquisition area S1. The field of view S21 surrounds the information acquisition area S1 and completely encloses it. The shape of the field of view S21 matches the shape of the laminated glass 10. The shielding area S22 is an annular frame shape, surrounding the perimeter of the field of view S21. The outer edge S221 of the shielding area S22 is the outer edge of the laminated glass 10, and the inner edge S222 of the shielding area S22 connects to the perimeter of the field of view S21. The side S11 of the information acquisition area S1 and the inner edge S222 of the shielding area S22 are spaced apart.

[0053] Another possible implementation, such as Figure 3 (b) The information collection area S1 can be located at the edge of the shielded area S22 near the middle of the window glass 100, and the information collection area S1 can extend from the edge of the shielded area S22 near the roof to the middle of the window glass 100.

[0054] The information acquisition area S1 can also be a triangle, rectangle, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, etc. The occlusion area S22 can also be other shapes. The field of view S21 and the information acquisition area S1 can also have other positional relationships, and the field of view S21 can also be other shapes. This application does not impose strict restrictions on the location and shape of the information acquisition area S1 and the field of view S21.

[0055] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 An antireflective coating 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13. Specifically, the antireflective coating 20 is disposed on the laminated glass 10 at a position corresponding to the information acquisition area S1. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, the orthographic projection of the antireflective coating 20 on the laminated glass 10 at least completely covers the information acquisition area S1; that is, the orthographic projection of the antireflective coating 20 on the laminated glass 10 at least completely overlaps with the information acquisition area S1 (the width and length dimensions of the antireflective coating 20 are at least equal to the width and length dimensions of the information acquisition area S1, or the width and length dimensions of the antireflective coating 20 can be greater than the width and length dimensions of the information acquisition area S1, with length to length and width to width). By disposing the antireflective coating 20 on the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, the reflection of light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range by the window glass 100 can be reduced, thereby improving the light transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100.

[0056] In this application, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 with the antireflective coating 20 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is at least 4% higher than that of the information acquisition area S1 without the antireflective coating 20 for the same wavelength range. That is, by providing the antireflective coating 20, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is increased by at least 4%. Preferably, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is increased by at least 6%. More preferably, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 for light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° is increased by at least 8%.

[0057] In this application, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is greater than or equal to 76%. In one possible embodiment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is 78%. In another possible embodiment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is 80%. In yet another possible embodiment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is 85%. In yet another possible embodiment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of incidence of 62°-68° is 88%. In another possible implementation, the information acquisition area S1 has a transmittance of 90% for light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm incident at an incident angle of 62°-68°.

[0058] In this application, the antireflective coating 20 includes multiple stacked structures. From the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 towards the direction away from the outer glass plate 11, the stacked structures include sequentially stacked high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers. For example, the high-refractive-index layer closest to the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 and the low-refractive-index layer closest to the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 constitute a first stacked structure, and the second high-refractive-index layer closest to the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 and the second low-refractive-index layer closest to the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 constitute a second stacked structure. As the number of stacked structures increases, the number of layers in the antireflective coating 20 also increases accordingly and is always an even number. Starting from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the antireflective coating 20, odd-numbered layers are high-refractive-index layers, and even-numbered layers are low-refractive-index layers. The layer in contact with the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 is the high-refractive-index layer, and the layer furthest from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 is the low-refractive-index layer. By stacking multiple layers, light undergoes multi-layer reflection at the interface between multiple high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers. Based on the half-wave cancellation principle, the antireflection or antireflection function is ultimately achieved on the glass surface.

[0059] In this application, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer is 2.1-3.5, and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is 1.4-1.9. The difference between the refractive indices of adjacent high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers is greater than 0.3.

[0060] In this application, the antireflective coating 20 can be directly deposited onto the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 by magnetron sputtering, and can be deposited using a continuous vertical coating machine, a cylindrical vertical coating machine, or a horizontal coating machine. Preferably, a continuous vertical coating machine is used.

[0061] In this embodiment, the number of stacked structures is 4 to 10. Specifically, the number of stacked structures can be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Correspondingly, the number of membrane layers in the antireflective membrane 20 can be 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, or 20.

[0062] The total thickness of the antireflective coating 20 is 300nm-1500nm, which is the physical thickness. By extension, all descriptions of thickness throughout this text refer to the physical thickness. In one possible implementation, the total thickness of the antireflective coating 20 is 600nm-1200nm. In another possible implementation, the total thickness of the antireflective coating 20 is 800nm-1000nm. It is understood that when the thickness of the antireflective coating 20 is less than 300nm, it is too thin. On the one hand, the antireflective effect of the antireflective coating 20 is limited; on the other hand, it is difficult to adjust the color of the antireflective coating 20. When the thickness of the antireflective coating 20 is greater than 1500nm, it is too thick, and the antireflective coating 20 may easily detach from the laminated glass 10 due to film stress. Furthermore, the antireflective coating 20 has a higher haze and lower transmittance, which also affects the light transmittance.

[0063] Please see Figure 4 The multiple stacked structures are divided into a first stacked structure 20a and a second stacked structure 20b. The high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of metal oxide. The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b can be made of oxide, nitride, or oxynitride, etc.

[0064] It should be noted that, Figure 4 The number of the first stacked structure 20a and the second stacked structure 20b in the diagram is only for illustration and does not constitute a limitation on the specific structure of the antireflection membrane 20.

[0065] The refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is 2.1-3.5. The high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a can be made of at least one oxide of metals such as Nb, La, Ta, Ti, Mo, Hf, and Zr; that is, the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of M. m O n Where M represents metallic elements such as Nb, La, Ta, Ti, Mo, Hf, and Zr, O represents oxygen, and m represents each M m O n The number of atoms corresponding to the metallic element in the molecule, where n is the number of O atoms. The oxidation state of the metallic element is p, and the oxidation state of oxygen is 2.

[0066] In this application, the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is a partially oxidized metal oxide before heat treatment. That is, n < p*m / 2. More specifically, n ≤ p*m*0.35, that is, n ≤ 70%*p*m* / 2, meaning the oxidation degree of the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure is less than or equal to 70%. In one possible embodiment, the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of Nb. m O nWhere m = 2, n ≤ 3.5. In another possible implementation, the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of Ti. m O n Where m = 1, n ≤ 1.4.

[0067] The refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is 1.4-1.9. The material of the low-refractive-index layer can be at least one of nitrides, oxides, or oxynitrides such as Si, Al, and SiAl. For example, the material of the low-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them.

[0068] The refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is 2.1-3.5. The material of the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b can be at least one of oxides, nitrides, or oxynitrides of metals and their alloys, such as Nb, La, Ta, Ti, Mo, Hf, and Zr. When the material of the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is an oxide, the material can be in a partially oxidized state or a fully oxidized state. For example, the material of the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is NbO. x SiN x ZrO x TiO x TiN x MoO x TaO x HfO x At least one of them. The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b can also be Si.

[0069] The refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer in the second stacked structure 20b is 1.4-1.9. The material of the low-refractive-index layer can be at least one of nitrides, oxides, or oxynitrides such as Si, Al, and SiAl. For example, the low-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them.

[0070] The sum of the number of first laminated structures 20a and second laminated structures 20b is equal to the total number of all laminated structures in the antireflective film 20. The number of first laminated structures 20a is 1-3. Along the thickness direction of the window glass 100, all first laminated structures 20a are closer to the inner glass panel 13 than all second laminated structures 20b. In one possible embodiment, the number of first laminated structures 20a is 1. This first laminated structure 20a is closest to the inner glass panel 13. All second laminated structures 20b are located on the side of the first laminated structure 20a facing away from the inner glass panel 13. For example, as... Figure 4 In one possible embodiment, there is one first stacked structure 20a and four second stacked structures 20b. In another possible embodiment, there are two first stacked structures 20a. One first stacked structure 20a is closest to the inner glass plate 13, and the other is the second closest. All second stacked structures 20b are located on the side of the two first stacked structures 20a facing away from the inner glass plate 13. In yet another possible embodiment, there are three first stacked structures 20a. One first stacked structure 20a is closest to the inner glass plate 13, another is the second closest, and the third is the third closest. All second stacked structures 20b are located on the side of the three first stacked structures 20a facing away from the inner glass plate 13.

[0071] In this application, the vehicle window glass 100 undergoes heat treatment. The temperature range of the heat treatment process is 550℃-650℃. After heat treatment, the material of the high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure 20a of the antireflective coating 20 changes from a partially oxidized state to a fully oxidized state. In this application, the high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is a fully oxidized metal oxide after heat treatment. When the metal element is in a fully oxidized state, n = p * m / 2. For example, the oxide formed after the complete oxidation of Nb is Nb. m O n m=2, n=5; or the oxide formed after complete oxidation of Ti is Ti m O n m = 1, n = 2.

[0072] In this application, after heat treatment, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminated structure 20a of the antireflective coating 20 in the window glass 100 increases by at least 10%. Preferably, after heat treatment, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminated structure 20a of the antireflective coating 20 in the window glass 100 increases by at least 15%. After heat treatment, the transmittance of the area covered by the antireflective coating 20 in the window glass 100 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° increases by at least 1% compared to before heat treatment. That is, after heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° increases by at least 1%. Preferably, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° increases by at least 1.5%. More preferably, the information acquisition area S1 increases the transmittance of light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° by at least 2%.

[0073] After the car window glass 100 is heat-treated, the visible light reflection color a value of the information acquisition area S1 is less than or equal to -2 and the b value is less than 0, measured from one side of the first surface 111 of the laminated glass 10. Here, a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value.

[0074] It is understandable that by applying an anti-reflective coating 20 to the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 to light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of 62°-68° can be improved. By heat-treating the vehicle window glass 100, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 to light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range can be further improved, which is beneficial for 905nm wavelength lidar or infrared cameras to obtain high-precision detection results.

[0075] Furthermore, after undergoing high-temperature heat treatment at 550℃-650℃, the anti-reflective coating 20 can improve the infrared light transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100, meaning that the anti-reflective coating 20 has good thermal stability. Since the processing of the window glass 100 is usually carried out after the coating process on the surface of the laminated glass 10, the anti-reflective coating 20 can adapt to the processing technology of the window glass 100 (processing temperature range of 550℃-650℃), such as bending, pressing, or tempering. Thus, after processing the window glass 100, the optical performance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 not only does not degrade but is actually improved, which is beneficial to improving the infrared light transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100. Especially when the window glass 100 is a windshield, after heat treatment processes such as bending and pressing, the infrared light transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 remains high.

[0076] The antireflective film 20 provided in this embodiment is laminated on the surface of the laminated glass 10 without damaging the structural integrity of the laminated glass 10, thus ensuring the safety performance of the vehicle 1000.

[0077] The following describes specific embodiments of the vehicle window glass 100, including antireflective films 20 with different structures.

[0078] Example 1:

[0079] The outer glass plate 11 is a 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with a refractive index of 1.5, and the inner glass plate 13 is a 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with a refractive index of 1.50. The intermediate layer is a 0.76 mm thick PVB. An antireflective coating 20 is laminated on the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13.

[0080] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 As shown in Table 1, the antireflective coating 20 comprises seven stacked structures. The antireflective coating 20 has 14 layers. Among them, the first stacked structure 20a consists of three layers. The high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of M... m O n Where M is Nb, m = 2, n = 3.4, meaning that the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of partially oxidized material. m O nThe refractive index of the first stacked structure 20a is 2.25. The low-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of SiO2. The refractive index of SiO2 is 1.5. The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is made of Nb2O5, meaning that the high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is completely oxidized. The refractive index of Nb2O5 is 2.3. The low-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is made of SiO2. The refractive index of SiO2 is 1.47.

[0081] Specifically, starting from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the antireflective coating 20, the stacking sequence of the multiple stacked structures is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, respectively. The first stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H1 and a low refractive index layer L1; the second stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H2 and a low refractive index layer L2; the third stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H3 and a low refractive index layer L3. The first, second, and third stacked structures are all first stacked structures 20a. The fourth stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H4 and a low refractive index layer L4; the fifth stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H5 and a low refractive index layer L5; the sixth stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H6 and a low refractive index layer L6; the seventh stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H7 and a low refractive index layer L7. The fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh stacked structures are all second stacked structures 20b.

[0082] The laminated glass 10 coated with the antireflective film 20 was heat-treated to obtain a bent window glass 100. Specifically, the heat treatment condition was 630°C. The film structure parameters of the heat-treated antireflective film 20 are also recorded in Table 1.

[0083] The optical properties of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 before and after heat treatment were measured using a spectrophotometer (Company: PERKINELMER, Model: LAMBDA950). The color value of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 was tested using a colorimeter (Company: HUNTERLAB, Model: ULTRASCAN PRO).

[0084] Table 1 Structural parameters of the antireflection membrane 20 in Example 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] As shown in Table 1, before heat treatment, the high-refractive-index layers of all the first stacked structures 20a of the antireflective coating 20 of the window glass 100 are in a partially oxidized state. The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b of the antireflective coating 20 is in a fully oxidized state. According to the test results, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 for light in the 905nm wavelength range incident at a 65° angle of incidence is 78.5%. From the first surface 111 side of the window glass 100, the visible light reflection color a value of the information acquisition area S1 is -3.5, and the b value is -1.2, where a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value.

[0088] After heat treatment, the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminated structure 20a of the antireflective coating 20 is in a fully oxidized state. Starting from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the antireflective coating 20, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminated structure 20a increases by 20%; the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the second laminated structure 20a increases by 15.6%; and the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the third laminated structure 20a increases by 28%. The high-refractive-index layer of the second laminated structure 20b of the antireflective coating 20 is in a fully oxidized state, and the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the second laminated structure 20b of the antireflective coating 20 remains unchanged. The transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 for light in the 905nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 65° is 80.1%. From the first surface 111 of the window glass 100, the visible light reflection color of the information acquisition area S1 has an a value of -3.3 and a b value of -1.8, where L is the luminance value, a is the red-green chromaticity value, and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value. It can be seen that after heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 905nm wavelength range incident at a 65° angle of incidence increases by 1.6% compared to before heat treatment.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] The outer glass plate 11 is a 3.2 mm thick transparent glass with a refractive index of 1.6, and the inner glass plate 13 is a 1.1 mm thick transparent glass with a refractive index of 1.52. The intermediate layer is a 0.76 mm thick PVB. An antireflective coating 20 is laminated on the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13.

[0091] Please refer to the following: Figure 6 According to Table 2, the antireflective coating 20 comprises four stacked structures. The antireflective coating 20 has eight layers. Among them, the first stacked structure 20a consists of three layers. The high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of M... m O n Where M is Nb, m = 2, n = 3.3, meaning that the high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure 20a is made of partially oxidized material.m O n The refractive index of the first stacked structure 20a is 2.18. The low-refractive-index layer is made of SiO2, which has a refractive index of 1.5. The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is made of Nb2O5, meaning it is a completely oxidized layer. The refractive index of Nb2O5 is 2.3. The low-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure 20b is made of SiO2, which has a refractive index of 1.47.

[0092] Specifically, starting from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the antireflective coating 20, the stacking sequence of the multiple stacked structures is 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The first stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H1 and a low refractive index layer L1; the second stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H2 and a low refractive index layer L2; the third stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H3 and a low refractive index layer L3. The first, second, and third stacked structures are all the first stacked structure 20a. The fourth stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer H4 and a low refractive index layer L4. The fourth stacked structure is the second stacked structure 20b.

[0093] The vehicle window glass 100 was heat-treated to obtain heat-treated vehicle window glass 100. Specifically, the heat treatment equipment was the same as described in Example 1. The heat treatment conditions were 640°C. The film structure parameters of the antireflective coating 20 after heat treatment are also recorded in Table 2.

[0094] The optical properties of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 before and after heat treatment were measured using a spectrophotometer (Company: PERKINELMER, Model: LAMBDA950). The color value of the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100 was tested using a colorimeter (Company: HUNTERLAB, Model: ULTRASCAN PRO).

[0095] Table 2 Structural parameters of the antireflection membrane 20 in Example 2

[0096]

[0097] As shown in Table 2, before heat treatment, the high-refractive-index layers of all the first stacked structures 20a of the antireflective coating 20 of the window glass 100 are in a partially oxidized state. The high-refractive-index layers of the second stacked structure 20b of the antireflective coating 20 are in a fully oxidized state. According to the test results, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 for light in the 905nm wavelength range incident at a 65° angle of incidence is 77.5%. From the first surface 111 side of the window glass 100, the visible light reflection color a value of the information acquisition area S1 is -4.9, and the b value is -2.3, where a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value.

[0098] After heat treatment, the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminate 20a of the antireflective coating 20 is in a fully oxidized state. Starting from the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the antireflective coating 20, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the first laminate 20a increases by 17.1%; the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the second laminate 20a increases by 13.1%; and the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of the third laminate 20a increases by 18.2%. The high-refractive-index layer of the second laminate 20b of the antireflective coating 20 is in a fully oxidized state, and its thickness remains unchanged. The transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 100 for light incident at an angle of 65° within a wavelength range of 905nm is 79.2%. From the side of the first surface 111 of the window glass 100, the visible light reflection color of the information acquisition area S1 has a value of -5.2 (a) and a value of -2.6 (b), where a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value. It can be seen that after heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area S1 for light in the 905nm wavelength range incident at a 65° angle increases by 1.7% compared to before heat treatment.

[0099] Please see Figure 7In this embodiment, the vehicle window glass 100 also includes a heat insulation film 40. The heat insulation film 40 is disposed on the third surface 131 of the inner glass panel 13 and / or the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11, avoiding the information collection area S1 of the vehicle window glass 100. That is, the heat insulation film 40 is sandwiched between the outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13. Specifically, the heat insulation film 40 is disposed on the laminated glass 10 at a position corresponding to the field of view S21. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, the orthographic projection of the heat insulation film 40 on the laminated glass 10 completely overlaps with the field of view S21 (the width and length directions of the heat insulation film 40 are both equal to the width and length dimensions of the field of view S21). The heat insulation film 40 can reflect light, achieving the heat insulation and sun protection effect of the field of view S21. The heat insulation film 40 avoids the information collection area S1 on the laminated glass 10. In other embodiments, along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, the orthographic projection of the heat insulation film 40 onto the laminated glass 10 may also partially overlap with the field of view S21 (where the width and length directions of the heat insulation film 40 are both smaller than the width and length dimensions of the field of view S21).

[0100] In this embodiment, the heat insulation film 40 is a functional metal layer, which includes a metal layer and two dielectric layers, with the metal layer located between the two dielectric layers. The material of the metal layer is Ag, and the material of the dielectric layers is ZnSnOx. In some other embodiments, the functional metal layer may also include multiple metal layers, each located between two adjacent dielectric layers. In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. The dielectric layers serve two purposes: firstly, to protect the metal layer from oxidation; and secondly, to adjust the optical properties, mechanical properties, and reflective color of the heat insulation film 40. The material of the metal layer may be a metal or metal alloy selected from at least one element selected from Ag, Au, Cu, Al, and Pt. The material of the dielectric layer may be at least one nitride, oxide, or oxynitride selected from metals and their alloys such as Zn, Sn, Ti, Si, Al, Ni, Cr, Nb, Mg, Zr, Ga, Y, In, Sb, V, and Ta.

[0101] To ensure high transmittance in the viewing area S21, the heat insulation film 40 can be applied to either the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 11 or the third surface 131 of the inner glass plate 13. In other embodiments, the heat insulation film 40 may also be a transparent conductive oxide coating or a light-absorbing layer. This application does not impose strict limitations on the material of the heat insulation film 40.

[0102] A shielding layer 50 is also provided on the laminated glass 10, which is stacked on the periphery of the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11 or the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass panel 13. Specifically, the shielding layer 50 is located on the laminated glass 10 at a position corresponding to the shielding area S22. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, the orthographic projection of the shielding layer 50 on the laminated glass 10 completely overlaps with the shielding area S22 (the width and length of the shielding layer 50 are equal to the width and length of the shielding area S22). The shielding layer 50 avoids the information acquisition area S1 on the laminated glass 10. The material of the shielding layer 50 is usually ink, used to shield and protect the parts inside the vehicle 1000. The shielding layer 50 serves to block ultraviolet rays, preventing the internal components of the vehicle 1000 from aging and being damaged by direct sunlight, thereby extending the service life of the internal components. Simultaneously, the shielding layer 50 also conceals the internal components of the vehicle 1000, ensuring an aesthetically pleasing appearance from the outside. In other embodiments, along the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, the orthographic projection of the shielding layer 50 onto the laminated glass 10 may partially overlap with the shielding area S22 (where the width and length of the shielding layer 50 are both smaller than the width and length of the shielding area S22).

[0103] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A type of vehicle window glass, characterized in that, The device includes laminated glass and an information acquisition area. The laminated glass includes an outer glass plate, an intermediate layer, and an inner glass plate. The intermediate layer is sandwiched between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The outer glass plate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, with the second surface facing the intermediate layer. The inner glass plate includes a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to the third surface, with the third surface facing the intermediate layer. An anti-reflective coating is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate. Along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the anti-reflective coating at least completely covers the information acquisition area. The anti-reflective coating includes multiple stacked structures. Along the thickness direction of the window glass, the multiple stacked structures are stacked sequentially. From the fourth surface of the inner glass plate to the direction away from the outer glass plate, each stacked structure includes a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer stacked sequentially. After heat treatment, the transmittance of the area covered by the antireflective coating in the window glass for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an angle of 62°-68° is increased by at least 1% compared with that before heat treatment; The plurality of the laminated structures are divided into a first laminated structure and a second laminated structure, and along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, all the first laminated structures are closer to the inner glass plate than all the second laminated structures; The high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure is a partially oxidized metal oxide before the heat treatment, and the high refractive index layer of the first stacked structure is a fully oxidized metal oxide after the heat treatment. The high-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure is made of metal oxide M. m O n Where M is a metallic element, O is an oxygen element, and m is each M m O n The number of atoms corresponding to the metal element in the molecule, where n is the number of O atoms, and the valence of the metal element is p. Before the heat treatment, the range of n is: n < p * m / 2.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the heat treatment, the range of n is: n≤p*m*0.

35.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallic element is at least one selected from Nb, La, Ta, Ti, Mo, Hf, and Zr.

4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first stacked structure is 1-3.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the heat treatment, the thickness of the high-refractive-index layer of each of the first stacked structures increases by at least 10% compared to before the heat treatment.

6. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure is made of Si and NbO. x SiN x ZrO x TiO x TiN x MoO x TaO x HfO x At least one of them.

7. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-refractive-index layer of the first stacked structure is made of SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them, wherein the low-refractive-index layer of the second stacked structure is made of SiO2. x MgF x AlO x WO x YF x BaF x At least one of them.

8. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high refractive index layer has a refractive index of 2.1-3.5, and the low refractive index layer has a refractive index of 1.4-1.

9.

9. The vehicle window glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, The difference between the refractive index of the adjacent high-refractive-index layer and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is greater than 0.

3.

10. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the stacked structures is 4 to 10.

11. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total thickness of the antireflective coating is 300nm-1500nm.

12. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area for light in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° is ≥76%.

13. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the heat treatment, the transmittance of the information acquisition area with the antireflection film for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68° is increased by at least 4% compared to the transmittance of the information acquisition area without the antireflection film for light in the 900nm-1000nm wavelength range incident at an incident angle of 62°-68°.

14. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate has a transmittance of at least 91% in the wavelength range of 900nm-1000nm.

15. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature range for the heat treatment is 550℃-650℃.

16. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the heat treatment, when measured from one side of the first surface, the visible light reflected color a value of the information acquisition area is less than or equal to -2, and the b value is less than 0, where a is the red-green chromaticity value and b is the yellow-blue chromaticity value.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and a window glass as described in any one of claims 1-16, the window glass being connected to the vehicle body.

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