Mounting and sequencing method for shock absorbers

Abstract

The invention provides a mounting and sequencing method for shock absorbers in the field of ships. The installation sequence of the shock absorbers under the equipment is judged by measuring and calculating the static stiffness K of the shock absorbers or according to the static deformation X of the shock absorbers under the rated load, and according to the sorting principle, the shock absorbers with the large static stiffness are installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorbers with the small static stiffness are installed at the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness is executed according to a Z-shaped sequence or an inverted Z-shaped sequence; quantitative evaluation on the mounting quality of the shock absorber ensures that the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber can be fully exerted by selecting the shock absorber. And meanwhile, a shock absorber mounting sorting diagram is given and is used as a reference when the equipment leg shock absorber is mounted, so that the problem that the mounting sequence of the shock absorber is disordered when the equipment is mounted is solved, a method and a basis are provided for smooth mounting of the equipment, and meanwhile, the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber is realized and guaranteed. The method is suitable for being used as a mounting and sequencing method of the shock absorbers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a shock absorber in the field of ships, and in particular to an installation and sorting method of a shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] The acoustic stealth performance of a ship is an important technical performance indicator of the ship. Various new vibration and noise reduction measures have been taken to achieve this indicator. The most common way is the large-scale application of vibration reduction components at the foot of the equipment. At present, the research and development of vibration absorbers in my country is relatively fast. A series of vibration absorbers with good vibration reduction effect and good impact resistance have been developed, which have played a significant role in improving the acoustic stealth performance of ships. The different arrangement methods of multiple vibration absorbers installed at the foot of the equipment will greatly affect its vibration isolation effect.

[0003] The traditional installation method is to select vibration absorbers that meet the technical requirements and randomly install them on the equipment feet. This cannot maximize the vibration isolation effect. The installation order of the vibration absorbers is chaotic when the equipment is installed. In order to achieve high-quality installation of the vibration absorbers, it is urgent to study a scientific and reliable vibration absorber sorting method to achieve true acoustic stealth performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and address the problem of a disordered installation sequence of shock absorbers, the present invention provides a method for arranging the installation of shock absorbers. The method ensures that the selection of shock absorbers can fully exert their vibration reduction effect through quantitative evaluation of the installation quality of shock absorbers, thereby solving the technical problem of a disordered installation sequence of shock absorbers.

[0005] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A method for mounting and sequencing a shock absorber is implemented in the following steps: (1) Observe the appearance of the shock absorber and check that there are no problems that affect its performance and safety, and that it meets the installation and use requirements; (2) Determine the model and specifications of the shock absorber; (3) According to the model and specifications of the shock absorber or the series spectrum of vibration isolators for ships, determine the rated load P0, static deformation X under the rated load and rated static stiffness K of the shock absorber; (4) Fasten the shock absorber to the test platform and use the static stiffness test device of the vibration damping element to preload the shock absorber to 1.25 times the rated load (unit: Newton N); (5) The shock absorber is gradually loaded from 0 to 0.9 times the rated load, that is, 0.9P0, and the static deformation value X of the shock absorber under this load is recorded. 0.9 , unit: m, then add to 1.1 times the rated load, that is, 1.1P0, record the static deformation value X of the shock absorber under this load 1.1 , unit: meter; (6) Based on the X recorded in step (5) 0.9 and X 1.1 The result is put into the following formula to calculate the static stiffness of the shock absorber:

[0006] (7) The vibration absorbers to be installed under the equipment are tested and calculated according to steps (4) to (6). The static stiffness of the vibration absorbers are: K1, K2, K3, K4, ... K n ; The above calculation process is calculated by the system of the static stiffness test device of the vibration reduction element, and no manual calculation is required; (8) Sort by the static stiffness values ​​of the shock absorbers output after testing by the static stiffness test device for the shock absorber element: K1<K2<K3<K4<……<K n ; (9) The vibration absorbers installed on the same equipment must meet the following requirements: the deviation of static stiffness between the same type of vibration absorbers on the same operating mechanical equipment shall not exceed 10% of the rated static stiffness; the deviation of static stiffness between the same type of vibration absorbers on the same non-operating equipment shall not exceed 20% of the rated static stiffness; Operation: ; Non-operating: ; (10) Rearrange the shock absorbers that meet the above requirements according to the size of static stiffness and mark them; if there are shock absorbers that do not meet the above (9), reselect shock absorbers of the same specification and model and follow steps (6) to (9) until the requirement of step (9) is met, and re-arrange them according to the size of static stiffness and mark them; (11) Install the shock absorber with larger static stiffness at the end of the shock absorber that bears larger load, that is, the end of the equipment that is heavier; install the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness at the end of the shock absorber that bears smaller load, that is, the end of the equipment that is lighter, and arrange them in a "Z" shape according to the size of static stiffness; a) The arrangement principle of the four shock absorbers is that the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is arranged in a "Z" shape; b) The six-block shock absorber sorting principle is to follow the longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence, transverse sequence and circumferential sequence according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is sorted in the order of "Z" shape; c) The eight shock absorbers are arranged in the longitudinal order, longitudinal insertion order and transverse order according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment. The static stiffness is arranged in the order of "Z" shape. d) The arrangement of shock absorbers with more than eight pieces shall be carried out in the form of longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence and transverse sequence, and the static stiffness shall be carried out in the order of "Z" shape arrangement; e) For side-mounted equipment, a harder shock absorber is installed at the upper end, and the arrangement is carried out in longitudinal order and longitudinal insertion order; Wherein, in step (11), the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the end of the shock absorber that bears larger load, that is, the end of the equipment that is heavier; the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the end of the shock absorber that bears smaller load, that is, the end of the equipment that is lighter, and the shock absorbers can be arranged in an inverse "Z" shape according to the size of the static stiffness; a) The arrangement principle of the four shock absorbers is that the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is arranged in the reverse "Z" shape; b) The six-block shock absorber sorting principle is to follow the longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence, transverse sequence and circumferential sequence according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is sorted in the reverse "Z" shape; c) The eight shock absorbers are arranged in the longitudinal order, longitudinal insertion order and transverse order according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment. The static stiffness is arranged in the reverse "Z" shape. d) The arrangement of shock absorbers with more than eight pieces shall be carried out in the form of longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence and transverse sequence, and the static stiffness shall be carried out in the order of reverse "Z" shape arrangement; e) For side-mounted equipment, a harder shock absorber is installed at the upper end, and the sorting is carried out in longitudinal order and longitudinal insertion order.

[0007] Positive effect: the present invention measures and calculates the static stiffness of the shock absorber or determines the order of installing the shock absorber under the equipment according to the deformation under the rated load of the shock absorber, and provides a "Z" shape or reverse "Z" shape sequence of the shock absorber installation for reference when installing the shock absorber on the equipment foot, thus solving the problem of disordered installation sequence of the shock absorber during equipment installation, providing a method and basis for the smooth installation of the equipment, and also realizing and guaranteeing the vibration reduction effect of the shock absorber. The present invention is suitable as a method for installing and sequencing shock absorbers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The description of the present invention is given for the purpose of example and description, and is not exhaustive or limits the present invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and changes are obvious to ordinary technicians in this field. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and enable ordinary technicians in this field to understand the present invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific purposes.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation sequence of the four shock absorbers; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal installation sequence of the six shock absorbers; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal installation sequence of six shock absorbers; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral installation arrangement of six shock absorbers; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential installation arrangement of six vibration absorbers; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal installation sequence of eight shock absorbers; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal installation sequence of eight shock absorbers; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral installation arrangement of eight shock absorbers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] As shown in the figure, a method for installing and arranging shock absorbers includes the following steps: (1) Take out the BE-400 shock absorber installed on the sampling vacuum pump and observe whether there is any external damage such as debonding, cracking, paint, scratches, etc. (2) Check whether its flatness meets the installation surface flatness limit of 0.05mm; (3) After meeting the above requirements, according to the model specifications of the BE-40 shock absorber and the series spectrum of ship vibration isolators, it is determined that the rated load P0=4000N, X=static deformation under rated load 2.5~5 and rated static stiffness K=900N / mm of the shock absorber; (4) Fasten the shock absorber to the test platform and use the static stiffness test device of the vibration damping element to start preloading the shock absorber to 1.25 times the rated load; (5) Fasten the shock absorber on the test platform and use the static stiffness test device of the vibration damping element to preload the shock absorber, gradually loading it to 0.9 times the rated load, that is, 0.9P0, and then to 1.1 times the rated load, that is, 1.1P0, and record the static deformation value X of the shock absorber under this load. 0.9 and X 1.1 , unit: meter m; (6) Based on the X recorded in step (5) 0.9 and X 1.1 The result is put into the following formula, and the static stiffness test device of the vibration damping element calculates the static stiffness of the vibration damper:

[0012] (7) The static stiffness of the shock absorbers to be installed under the equipment are: K1=636, K2=839, K3=716, K4=665; (8) Sort by the calculated static stiffness values ​​of the shock absorbers: K1<K4<K3<K2 (9) Because the equipment is a running equipment, the shock absorber installed under the same equipment must meet the following requirements: the deviation of static stiffness between the same type of shock absorber of the same running mechanical equipment shall not exceed 10% of the rated static stiffness.

[0013] Operation: 839-636=203≥10%*900 The static stiffness deviation of the above shock absorber is large, so it is necessary to reselect the shock absorber and complete the static stiffness test; after the static stiffness of the newly selected BE-400 shock absorber is tested by the static stiffness test device of the vibration reduction element, the static stiffness is: K5=673; (10) Replace K2 with K5 and re-arrange the numbers: K1=636, K5=673, K3=716, K4=665, K1<K4<K5<K3; (11) According to the following requirements Operation: 716-636=86<10%*900; (12) After screening, it is determined that the vibration absorber installed under the sampling air pump is the vibration absorber corresponding to K1, K4, K5, and K3; (13) Reference Figure 1 , sort them in a "Z" shape according to the size of static stiffness, place the shock absorber with a static stiffness of K3 at position 1 on the heavy end of the equipment, the shock absorber with a static stiffness of K5 at position 2 on the heavy end of the equipment, the shock absorber with a static stiffness of K4 at position 3 on the light end of the equipment, and the shock absorber with a static stiffness of K1 at position 4 on the light end of the equipment; among them, the reverse "Z" shape sorting can also be performed according to the size of static stiffness.

[0014] Features of the present invention: The installation order of the shock absorbers under the equipment is determined by measuring and calculating the static stiffness K of the shock absorbers or judging by the static deformation X under the rated load of the shock absorbers. The order of installation is that the shock absorbers with larger static stiffness are installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorbers with smaller static stiffness are installed at the light end of the equipment. The static stiffness is sorted in a "Z" shape or reverse "Z" shape. The installation quality of the shock absorbers is quantitatively evaluated to ensure that the selected shock absorbers can give full play to their vibration reduction effect.

[0015] Finally, it should be noted that: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing and arranging shock absorbers, Its characteristics are: The method is implemented as follows: (1) Observe the appearance of the shock absorber and check that there are no problems that affect its performance and safety, and that it meets the installation and use requirements; (2) Determine the model and specifications of the shock absorber; (3) Determine the rated load P of the shock absorber according to the model and specifications of the shock absorber or the series spectrum of the ship vibration isolator. 0 , static deformation X and rated static stiffness K under rated load; (4) Fasten the shock absorber to the test platform and use the static stiffness test device of the vibration damping element to preload the shock absorber to 1.25 times the rated load (unit: Newton N); (5) The shock absorber is gradually loaded from 0 to 0.9 times the rated load, that is, 0.9P 0 , record the static deformation value X of the shock absorber under the corresponding load 0.9 , unit: meter m, then add 1.1 times the rated load, that is, 1.1P 0 , record the static deformation value X of the shock absorber under the corresponding load 1.1 , unit: meter; (6) Based on the X recorded in step (5) 0.9 and X 1.1 The result is put into the following formula to calculate the static stiffness of the shock absorber: ； (7) The shock absorbers to be installed under the equipment are tested and calculated according to steps (4) to (6) respectively. The static stiffness of the shock absorbers are: K 1 , K 2 , K 3 , K 4 , ... K n ; The above calculation process is calculated by the system of the static stiffness test device of the vibration reduction element, and no manual calculation is required; (8) Sort by the static stiffness values ​​of the shock absorbers output after testing by the static stiffness test device for the shock absorber element: K 1 <K 2 <K 3 <K 4 <……<K n ; (9) The vibration absorbers installed on the same equipment must meet the following requirements: the deviation of static stiffness between the same type of vibration absorbers on the same operating mechanical equipment shall not exceed 10% of the rated static stiffness; the deviation of static stiffness between the same type of vibration absorbers on the same non-operating equipment shall not exceed 20% of the rated static stiffness; Operation: ; Non-operating: ; (10) Rearrange the shock absorbers that meet the above requirements according to the size of static stiffness and mark them; if there are shock absorbers that do not meet the above (9), reselect shock absorbers of the same specification and model and follow steps (6) to (9) until the requirement of step (9) is met, and re-arrange them according to the size of static stiffness and mark them; (11) Install the shock absorber with larger static stiffness at the end of the shock absorber that bears larger load, that is, the end of the equipment that is heavier; install the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness at the end of the shock absorber that bears smaller load, that is, the end of the equipment that is lighter, and arrange them in a "Z" shape according to the size of static stiffness; a) The arrangement principle of the four shock absorbers is that the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is arranged in a "Z" shape; b) The six-block shock absorber sorting principle is to follow the longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence, transverse sequence and circumferential sequence according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is sorted in the order of "Z" shape; c) The eight shock absorbers are arranged in the longitudinal order, longitudinal insertion order and transverse order according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment. The static stiffness is arranged in the order of "Z" shape. d) For shock absorbers with more than eight pieces, the order shall be longitudinal order, longitudinal insertion order and transverse order, and the static stiffness shall be in the order of "Z" shape order; e) For side-mounted equipment, a harder shock absorber is installed at the upper end, and the sorting is carried out in longitudinal order and longitudinal insertion order.

2. A method for installing and arranging shock absorbers according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: In the step (11), the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the end of the shock absorber that bears larger load, that is, the end of the equipment that is heavier; the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the end of the shock absorber that bears smaller load, that is, the end of the equipment that is lighter, and the shock absorbers are arranged in an inverse "Z" shape according to the size of the static stiffness; a) The arrangement principle of the four shock absorbers is that the shock absorber with larger static stiffness is installed at the heavy end of the equipment, and the shock absorber with smaller static stiffness is installed at the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is arranged in the reverse "Z" shape; b) The six-block shock absorber sorting principle is to follow the longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence, transverse sequence and circumferential sequence according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment; the static stiffness size is sorted in the reverse "Z" shape; c) The eight shock absorbers are arranged in the longitudinal order, longitudinal insertion order and transverse order according to the different distribution of the heavy end and the light end of the equipment. The static stiffness is arranged in the reverse "Z" shape. d) The arrangement of shock absorbers with more than eight pieces shall be carried out in the form of longitudinal sequence, longitudinal insertion sequence and transverse sequence, and the static stiffness shall be carried out in the order of reverse "Z" arrangement; e) For side-mounted equipment, a harder shock absorber is installed at the upper end, and the sorting is carried out in longitudinal order and longitudinal insertion order.

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