Special organic compound fertilizer for orchids and preparation method thereof

Abstract

According to the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids and the preparation method of the special organic compound fertilizer, the fertilizer aims at promoting healthy growth of the orchids and improving the disease resistance of the orchids through various organic and bioactive components which are scientifically selected and proportioned. The main components comprise decomposed animal waste, fish bone meal, vermiculite powder, coconut shell powder, leaf mold, cake meal, bioactivin, a composite bacterial silicon agent and a care agent; the synergistic effect of the components not only provides comprehensive nutrition for orchids, but also enhances the natural defense mechanism of plants, and effectively prevents and reduces the occurrence of orchid diseases. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material treatment, mixing and stirring, aging, granulation and the like, and the quality and the use effect of the fertilizer are ensured. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchid can effectively prevent orchid germs, is comprehensive in nutrition, can improve the soil structure, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the stress resistance of orchid and promote the growth of orchid, and has a remarkable application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant fertilizer preparation, and in particular to an organic compound fertilizer special for orchids and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the world's most famous ornamental flowers, orchids are loved by people for their elegant posture, unique fragrance and rich varieties. However, in the process of orchid cultivation, how to effectively manage and improve their growth environment, especially how to scientifically fertilize to prevent and control diseases, has always been a major challenge for orchid growers.

[0003] Traditional orchid fertilizers are mostly inorganic fertilizers. Although such fertilizers can quickly provide the nutrients needed by plants, long-term use can easily lead to problems such as soil structure damage, nutrient imbalance and bacterial growth. In addition, the pollution of inorganic fertilizers to the environment cannot be ignored. In recent years, with the development of ecological agriculture, organic compound fertilizers have gradually attracted attention. With organic matter as the main component, they can improve the soil environment, increase soil fertility, and have a certain disease resistance effect.

[0004] However, the existing orchid-specific organic compound fertilizers still have many deficiencies in formulation and preparation process. On the one hand, some fertilizers have a single formula and lack a special design for orchid growth characteristics and disease prevention, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive demand for nutrients during orchid growth. On the other hand, the preparation process of some fertilizers is not sophisticated enough, resulting in uneven release of nutrients in the fertilizer, low absorption efficiency, and inability to fully exert its disease resistance.

[0005] Specifically, the orchid-specific organic compound fertilizers in the prior art often have the following problems: first, the organic matter content in the fertilizer is insufficient, and it cannot effectively improve the soil structure and increase the soil fertility; second, it lacks biological control ingredients for common orchid diseases (such as anthracnose, soft rot, etc.), and cannot effectively prevent and control the occurrence of diseases; third, the proportion of nutrients in the fertilizer is unreasonable, and it cannot meet the nutritional needs of orchids at different stages of growth; fourth, the preparation process of the fertilizer is not scientific enough, resulting in unstable fertilizer quality and uneven use effects.

[0006] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a special organic compound fertilizer for orchid growth characteristics and disease control needs. The present invention aims to improve the organic matter content and biological control effect in the fertilizer by optimizing the fertilizer formula and preparation process, while meeting the nutritional needs of orchids during growth, thereby promoting the healthy growth of orchids and improving their ornamental value. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides an orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0008] The technical scheme of the present invention is implemented as follows: an organic compound fertilizer special for orchids: comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of decomposed animal feces, 10-15 parts of fish bone powder, 8-12 parts of vermiculite powder, 5-10 parts of coconut shell powder, 20-30 parts of leaf mold, 8-12 parts of cake, 4-9 parts of bioactivator, 2-4 parts of composite bacteria silicon agent, and 1-3 parts of care agent.

[0009] Furthermore, the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids includes the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of decomposed animal manure, 13 parts of fish bone powder, 10 parts of vermiculite powder, 8 parts of coconut shell powder, 25 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of cake, 7 parts of bioactivator, 3 parts of compound bacterial silicon agent, and 2 parts of care agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the decomposed animal manure is selected from one or a combination of decomposed chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, pig manure or rabbit manure.

[0011] Furthermore, the cake residue is peanut cake, rapeseed cake, and tea cake in a mass ratio of (3-6):(2-8):(1-2).

[0012] Furthermore, the bioactivator is brassinolide, fucoxanthin, and 5-aminolevulinic acid in a mass ratio of (0.3-2.0):(5.9-10.2):(0.1-0.3).

[0013] Furthermore, the composite bacterial silicon agent in the lawsuit is prepared by inoculating a composite microbial agent into silicate with an inoculation amount of 5-8% of the mass of the silicate. After uniform stirring, the agent is fermented for 4-5 days at a temperature of 38-45°C, a relative humidity of 70-90%, a pH value of 6.5-8.0, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25-30:1 to obtain a composite bacterial silicon agent.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite microbial agent is composed of halophilic bacteria, mesorhizobium, glial bacillus, and agrobacterium in a mass ratio of (1.5-8.2):(4.5-13.5):(0.3-0.9):(17.8-25.5), and the average number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 7 cfu / g.

[0015] Furthermore, the care agent is chitosan, allicin and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of (0.3-1.3):(3.5-8.8):10.

[0016] Furthermore, a method for preparing a special organic compound fertilizer for orchids comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Raw material processing: Mix and grind the decomposed animal feces, fish bone powder, vermiculite powder, coconut shell powder, leaf mold and cake to 500-800 mesh, mix and stir for 20-60 minutes to obtain a base material;

[0018] S2. Mixing and stirring: Add the bioactivator and the care agent to the above base material in sequence, and continue stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0019] S3, aging: adding the composite bacteria silicon agent to the above mixture and stirring evenly, controlling the humidity at 40-60%, the temperature at 25-35° C., aging for 3-5 days to obtain the aged mixture, granulating, and obtaining an organic composite fertilizer.

[0020] Furthermore, an orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer is used as a fertilizer for preventing and controlling orchid pathogens.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer of the present invention provides comprehensive and balanced nutritional support and powerful biological protection for orchids through the synergistic effect of carefully proportioned multiple natural organic ingredients, high-efficiency biological activators, and compound bacterial silicon agents. The fertilizer not only significantly promotes the growth and development of orchids, but also greatly enhances their ability to resist pathogenic bacteria.

[0023] Specifically, organic materials such as decomposed animal manure and fish bone powder are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, which effectively improve the soil structure and soil fertility, meet the needs of orchids at different growth stages, promote the healthy growth of plants, improve the quality and yield of flowers, and lay a solid foundation for the growth of orchids. At the same time, the addition of media such as vermiculite powder and coconut shell powder enhances the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and optimizes the root environment of orchids.

[0024] The synergistic effect of brassinolide, fucosterol, 5-aminolevulinic acid and other ingredients in the bioactivator can promote photosynthesis and nutrient absorption by regulating the endogenous hormone balance of orchids, and can promote the healthy growth and good development of orchids from multiple aspects such as growth regulation, stress resistance enhancement, photosynthesis improvement, and immunity enhancement, prevent and treat diseases, and further improve the growth rate and quality of orchids. The silicate in the composite bacterial silicate is combined with the composite microbial agent, which can not only enhance the strength of the orchid cell wall, making it more resistant to the infection of pathogens, and enhance the mechanical strength and stability of the cells, but also produce a variety of antibacterial substances through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, effectively inhibit the growth of pathogens, and provide a lasting biological protection barrier for orchids; at the same time, the chitin, allicin and seaweed extract in the care agent further enhance the stress resistance and immunity of orchids, improve the tolerance of orchids to drought, salinity, low temperature and other adversities, and ensure that orchids can still grow normally in adverse environments. In addition, the preparation method of the fertilizer is simple and easy, and through reasonable process steps, the components are fully mixed and reacted, ensuring the quality of the fertilizer and the stability of its effect.

[0025] The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids of the present invention not only provides balanced nutrition supply for orchids, but also effectively improves the growth quality and disease resistance of orchids through the synergistic effect of components such as bioactivators and compound bacterial silicon agents. It is a highly efficient, environmentally friendly and safe special fertilizer for orchids. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] An organic compound fertilizer for orchids, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 10 parts of fish bone powder, 8 parts of vermiculite powder, 5 parts of coconut shell powder, 20 parts of leaf mold, 8 parts of cake, 4 parts of biological activator, 2 parts of compound bacteria silicon agent, and 1 part of care agent;

[0031] The cakes and dregs are peanut cakes, rapeseed cakes and tea cakes in a mass ratio of 3:2:1;

[0032] The bioactivator is brassinolide, fucoxanthin, and 5-aminolevulinic acid in a mass ratio of 0.3:5.9:0.1;

[0033] The composite bacterial silicon agent is prepared by inoculating a composite microbial agent in silicate, wherein the inoculation amount is 5% of the mass of the silicate, stirring the mixture evenly, and fermenting the mixture for 4 days at a temperature of 38°C, a relative humidity of 70%, a pH value of 6.5, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25:1 to obtain the composite bacterial silicon agent; the composite microbial agent is composed of halophilic bacteria, mesorhizobium, colloid bacillus, and agrobacterium in a mass ratio of 1.5:4.5:0.3:17.8, and the average number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 7 cfu / g;

[0034] The care agent is chitosan, allicin and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 0.3:3.5:10.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] An organic compound fertilizer for orchids, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 15 parts of fish bone powder, 12 parts of vermiculite powder, 10 parts of coconut shell powder, 30 parts of leaf mold, 12 parts of cake, 9 parts of biological activator, 4 parts of compound bacteria silicon agent, and 3 parts of care agent;

[0037] The cakes and dregs are peanut cake, rapeseed cake and tea cake in a mass ratio of 6:8:2;

[0038] The bioactivator is brassinolide, fucoxanthin, and 5-aminolevulinic acid in a mass ratio of 2.0:10.2:0.3;

[0039] The composite bacterial silicon agent is prepared by inoculating a composite microbial agent in silicate, wherein the inoculation amount is 5-8% of the mass of the silicate, stirring the mixture evenly, and fermenting the mixture for 5 days at a temperature of 45°C, a relative humidity of 90%, a pH value of 8.0, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25-30:1 to obtain the composite bacterial silicon agent; the composite microbial agent is halophilic bacillus, mesorhizobium, glioblastoma, and agrobacterium in a mass ratio of 8.2:13.5:0.9:25.5, and the average number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 7 cfu / g;

[0040] The care agent is chitosan, allicin and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 1.3:8.8:10.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] An organic compound fertilizer for orchids, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 13 parts of fish bone powder, 10 parts of vermiculite powder, 8 parts of coconut shell powder, 25 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of cake, 7 parts of biological activator, 3 parts of compound bacteria silicon agent, and 2 parts of care agent;

[0043] The cakes and dregs are peanut cake, rapeseed cake and tea cake in a mass ratio of 5:5:1.5;

[0044] The bioactivator is brassinolide, fucoxanthin, and 5-aminolevulinic acid in a mass ratio of 1.5:8.5:0.2;

[0045] The composite bacterial silicon agent is prepared by inoculating a composite microbial agent in silicate, wherein the inoculation amount is 5-8% of the mass of the silicate, stirring the mixture evenly, and fermenting the mixture for 5 days at a temperature of 42°C, a relative humidity of 80%, a pH value of 7.5, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 28:1 to obtain the composite bacterial silicon agent; the composite microbial agent is composed of halophilic bacteria, mesorhizobium, colloid bacillus, and agrobacterium in a mass ratio of 5.5:9.0:0.6:21.3, and the average number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 7 cfu / g;

[0046] The care agent is chitosan, allicin and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 0.8:5.8:10;

[0047] The above examples 1-3 adopt the following preparation method:

[0048] S1. Raw material processing: Mix and grind decomposed animal feces, fish bone powder, vermiculite powder, coconut shell powder, leaf mold and cake to 700 mesh, mix and stir for 40 minutes to obtain a base material;

[0049] S2, mixing and stirring: adding the bioactivator and the care agent to the above base material in sequence, and continuing to stir for 25 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0050] S3, aging: adding the composite bacteria silicon agent to the above mixture and stirring evenly, controlling the humidity to 50%, the temperature to 30°C, aging for 4 days, obtaining the aged mixture, granulating, and obtaining an organic composite fertilizer.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that an organic compound fertilizer specially used for orchids comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11 parts of decomposed animal feces, 19 parts of fish bone powder, 3 parts of vermiculite powder, 2 parts of coconut shell powder, 35 parts of leaf mold, 5 parts of cake, 2 parts of bioactivator, 8 parts of compound bacterial silicon agent, and 5 parts of care agent.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the component of the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids does not contain bioactivators.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the component of the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids does not contain the composite bacterial silicon agent.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the component of the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids does not contain a care agent.

[0059] Test Example 1-Antibacterial Test

[0060] 1. Experimental materials:

[0061] 1. Phalaenopsis plants: Select 450 Phalaenopsis plants with good growth condition, similar size, and no diseases or insect pests;

[0062] 2. Fertilizer:

[0063] Fertilizer of the experimental group: organic compound fertilizer specially used for Phalaenopsis prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4;

[0064] Control fertilizer 1: Lingwo Phalaenopsis fertilizer;

[0065] Control fertilizer 2: no fertilizer (blank control).

[0066] 3. Pathogens: Anthracnose strains and soft rot strains.

[0067] 2. Experimental methods:

[0068] 1. Grouping: Randomly divide the Phalaenopsis plants into 9 groups, with 50 plants in each group;

[0069] Experimental group 1-7: Phalaenopsis-specific organic compound fertilizers prepared in Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-4;

[0070] Control group 1: Lingwo Phalaenopsis fertilizer;

[0071] Control group 2: no fertilization

[0072] 2. Fertilization treatment

[0073] Experimental group: Fertilization was carried out according to the instructions of the organic compound fertilizer specially used for Phalaenopsis, with the frequency of fertilization being once a week and the amount of fertilizer applied being 15 g per plant.

[0074] Control group 1: Fertilization was carried out according to the instructions of conventional Phalaenopsis fertilizer, and the fertilization frequency was the same as that of the experimental group.

[0075] Control group 2: no fertilizer treatment.

[0076] 4. Pathogen Inoculation

[0077] Anthracnose inoculation: Use a pipette to absorb the anthrax spore suspension and apply it evenly on the surface of Phalaenopsis leaves. Inoculate 1×10 per square centimeter of leaves. 6 Spores.

[0078] Inoculation of soft rot bacteria: Use a sprayer to evenly spray the soft rot bacteria solution on the leaves and roots of Phalaenopsis. Spray about 2 ml of the bacteria solution on the roots and leaves of each plant. The concentration of the bacteria solution is 1×10 7 CFU / ml.

[0079] 3. Observation indicators and time

[0080] 1. Observation indicators

[0081] Symptoms: Observe and record spots, rot and other symptoms on the leaves.

[0082] Number of diseased plants: Count the number of diseased Phalaenopsis plants in each group.

[0083] Disease severity: It is graded according to the degree of development of disease symptoms.

[0084] (1) Table 1: Anthrax pathogen classification standards

[0085]

[0086] (2) Table 2: Classification standards for soft rot pathogens

[0087]

[0088] 2. Observation time

[0089] After inoculation of pathogens, observation was performed every 5 days.

[0090] 4. Data Processing and Analysis

[0091] 1. Calculate the incidence rate and disease index for each group.

[0092] Incidence rate = (number of diseased plants / total number of plants) × 100%

[0093] Disease index = Σ(number of diseased plants at each level × corresponding disease level) / (total number of plants × highest disease level) × 100

[0094] 2. Use statistical methods (such as analysis of variance, t-test, etc.) to analyze the data and compare the differences in incidence and disease index between the experimental group and the control group.

[0095] 5. Results and data

[0096] Table 3:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] Table 4:

[0100]

[0101] The above table results show that the embodiment group using the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids in the present invention has excellent performance in resisting anthracnose, effectively reducing the incidence, disease index and disease severity. The incidence of the comparative example and the control group is more serious, indicating that conventional treatment or no treatment is not effective in resisting anthracnose;

[0102] Comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the raw material ratio of the compound fertilizer of the present invention can achieve better results within a specific range.

[0103] Compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 3 shows that the bioactivator of the present invention is prepared by using brassinolide, fucoxanthin and 5-aminolevulinic acid. Brassinolide can regulate the growth and development of orchids, promote root growth, enhance the resistance of orchids to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, high temperature and low temperature, and reduce the adverse effects of adversity on orchid growth; fucoxanthin participates in the hormone balance regulation in orchids, promotes the absorption and transportation of nutrients, stimulates the immune mechanism of orchids, improves the resistance to diseases and insect pests, and reduces the occurrence of diseases; 5-aminolevulinic acid increases the chlorophyll content, makes the leaves greener and healthier, improves the efficiency of photosynthesis, can induce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, enhance the antioxidant capacity of orchids, and reduce the damage of oxidative stress to plants. Adding brassinolide, fucoxanthin and 5-aminolevulinic acid as bioactivators to the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids can promote the healthy growth and good development of orchids and prevent and control diseases from multiple aspects such as growth regulation, enhanced stress resistance, improved photosynthesis, and immune enhancement.

[0104] Compared with Comparative Example 3, Example 3 shows that the composite bacterial silicon agent can enhance the strength of the orchid cell wall, making it more resistant to infection by pathogens, and enhance the mechanical strength and stability of the cells; the composite microbial agent can inhibit the growth of pathogens and reduce the occurrence of orchid diseases. At the same time, the activity of microorganisms can promote the release of fixed nutrients in the soil, improve the absorption efficiency of orchids for major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and enhance the growth vitality and stress resistance of orchids.

[0105] Compared with Comparative Example 4, the addition of the care agent in Example 3 makes the special organic compound fertilizer for orchids have multiple functions such as promoting growth, improving stress resistance, improving flowering quality and flowering duration, protecting orchids from environmental pressure and pests and diseases, etc. Chitosan induces orchids to produce disease-resistant enzymes and proteins, thereby improving the resistance of orchids to diseases; allicin has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, which can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of various pathogens and reduce the occurrence of orchid diseases; seaweed extract can regulate the growth and development of orchids, promote flower bud differentiation and flowering, and improve the tolerance of orchids to adversities such as drought, salinity, and low temperature.

[0106] In general, the organic compound fertilizer specially used for Phalaenopsis of the present invention has significant advantages in resisting anthracnose and soft rot, can effectively ensure the healthy growth of Phalaenopsis, and reduce the risk of occurrence and degree of harm of the disease.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic compound fertilizer specially used for orchids, characterized by: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of decomposed animal excrement, 10-15 parts of fish bone powder, 8-12 parts of vermiculite powder, 5-10 parts of coconut shell powder, 20-30 parts of leaf mold, 8-12 parts of cake, 4-9 parts of bioactivator, 2-4 parts of composite bacteria silicon agent and 1-3 parts of care agent.

2. The orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of decomposed animal excrement, 13 parts of fish bone powder, 10 parts of vermiculite powder, 8 parts of coconut shell powder, 25 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of cake residue, 7 parts of biological activator, 3 parts of composite bacteria silicon agent and 2 parts of care agent.

3. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposed animal excrement is selected from one or a combination of decomposed chicken excrement, sheep excrement, cow excrement, pig excrement or rabbit excrement.

4. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cake residues are peanut cake, rapeseed cake and tea cake in a mass ratio of (3-6):(2-8):(1-2).

5. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bioactivator is brassinolide, fucoxanthin and 5-aminolevulinic acid in a mass ratio of (0.3-2.0):(5.9-10.2):(0.1-0.3).

6. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial silicon agent is prepared by inoculating composite microbial agents into silicate, with the inoculation amount being 5-8% of the mass of the silicate, stirring evenly, and fermenting for 4-5 days at a temperature of 38-45°C, a relative humidity of 70-90%, a pH value of 6.5-8.0, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25-30:1 to obtain the composite bacterial silicon agent.

7. The special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is composed of halophilic bacteria, mesorhizobium, glial bacillus, and agrobacterium in a mass ratio of (1.5-8.2):(4.5-13.5):(0.3-0.9):(17.8-25.5), and the average number of viable bacteria is ≥1×10 7 cfu / g.

8. The orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The care agent is chitosan, allicin and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of (0.3-1.3):(3.5-8.8):

10.

9. The method for preparing a special organic compound fertilizer for orchids as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material processing: Mix and grind the decomposed animal feces, fish bone powder, vermiculite powder, coconut shell powder, leaf mold and cake to 500-800 mesh, mix and stir for 20-60 minutes to obtain a base material; S2. Mixing and stirring: Add the bioactivator and the care agent to the above base material in sequence, and continue stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3, aging: adding the composite bacteria silicon agent to the above mixture and stirring evenly, controlling the humidity at 40-60%, the temperature at 25-35° C., aging for 3-5 days to obtain the aged mixture, granulating, and obtaining an organic composite fertilizer.

10. Use of the orchid-specific organic compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 in a fertilizer for preventing and controlling orchid pathogens.

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