Electrical safety test method for electrical product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical variable measurement, in particular to an electrical safety test method for electrical products, which comprises the following steps of: determining a potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance according to a leakage current data time sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset high voltages so as to screen out initial abnormal electrical appliances; according to the method and the device, each initial abnormal electric appliance is detected, so that an insulating property abnormal index of each initial abnormal electric appliance is determined, and a fault index of each initial abnormal electric appliance is determined by combining a voltage data time sequence and a temperature data time sequence of each initial abnormal electric appliance under all preset test voltages so as to screen out unqualified electric appliances. According to the invention, through analysis of the multi-dimensional data, comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the electrical appliance is realized, and the accuracy of the electrical safety test of the electrical product is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of measuring electrical variables, and in particular to an electrical safety testing method for an electrical product. Background Art

[0002] In modern families, the safe use of electrical appliances is a matter of great concern to every user. In order to ensure that household appliances, such as washing machines, refrigerators, and air conditioners, can operate stably under various voltage environments and will not be damaged or malfunction due to voltage fluctuations, it is very important to conduct electrical safety tests. However, traditional electrical safety performance evaluations often rely on a single indicator, such as withstand voltage testing or temperature monitoring, and ignore the comprehensive analysis of multi-dimensional data. This single evaluation method may not fully reflect the actual performance of electrical appliances in complex usage environments, making the credibility of electrical safety test results of electrical products low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an electrical safety testing method for an electrical product to solve the existing problem that a single monitoring index may not be able to fully reflect the actual performance of the electrical appliance in a complex use environment, resulting in low credibility of the electrical safety testing result of the electrical product.

[0004] An electrical safety testing method for an electrical product of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical safety testing method for an electrical product, the method comprising the following steps: Among a plurality of electrical appliances of the same model, respectively obtaining a voltage data time series sequence and a temperature data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset test voltages, and a leakage current data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset high-rated voltages; Determine the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance based on the leakage current data time series of each electrical appliance under all preset high voltages; and screen out initially abnormal electrical appliances based on the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance; Determine the insulation abnormality index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance according to the leakage current data time series sequence and the safety hazard index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset high voltages; Determine the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the voltage data time series sequence and the temperature data time series sequence and the insulation abnormality index of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; According to the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance, unqualified electrical appliances are screened out.

[0005] Furthermore, the specific steps of determining the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance are as follows: For For each appliance, the mean of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under all preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the first mean value, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under each preset high-rated voltage and the first mean value is calculated as the performance fluctuation under each preset high-rated voltage, and the normalized value of the mean of the performance fluctuation under all preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the first Safety hazard index of each electrical appliance.

[0006] Furthermore, the screening of the initial abnormal electrical appliances includes the following specific steps: Taking the absolute value of the difference between the safety hazard indexes of any two electrical appliances as the clustering distance between the two electrical appliances, using the K-means clustering algorithm to perform clustering operations on all electrical appliances to obtain a number of cluster clusters; Calculate the average of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances as the hazard threshold; Calculate the mean of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances in each cluster as the standard hazard index of each cluster; Each electrical appliance in the cluster whose standard hidden danger index is greater than the hidden danger threshold is recorded as an initial abnormal electrical appliance.

[0007] Furthermore, the determination of the insulation abnormality index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance includes the following specific steps: For The first abnormal electrical appliance, In the leakage current data timing sequence under a preset high voltage, The leakage current data is subtracted from the The difference of leakage current data is taken as the The incremental value of the leakage current data is used to form an incremental value sequence with the incremental values ​​of all leakage current data. The preset high voltage and The ratio of the leakage current data is taken as the The insulation resistance value of each leakage current data is used to form an insulation resistance value sequence with the insulation resistance values ​​of all leakage current data; According to The incremental value sequence and insulation resistance value sequence of the initial abnormal electrical appliances under different preset high voltages are determined. The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data; According to The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data, the leakage current data time series under each preset high voltage, and the safety hazard index are determined. The insulation abnormality index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0008] Furthermore, the determination The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data includes the following specific steps: For Initial abnormal electrical appliances, calculate the +1 with The first value in the sequence of increments at a preset high voltage The ratio of the increment values ​​is used as the first ratio, and the +1 with The ratio of the first preset high voltage is used as the second ratio, and the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio is calculated as the first +1 with The first difference of the preset high-rated voltage is calculated, and the sum of the average of the first differences of all adjacent preset high-rated voltages and the preset constant is calculated as the first sum, and the first value in the insulation resistance value sequence under the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated. The difference between the insulation resistance values ​​is taken as the second difference, the difference between the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the third difference, the ratio of the second difference to the third difference is calculated as the third ratio, and the product of the first sum and the third ratio is recorded as the third ratio. The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data.

[0009] Furthermore, the determination The specific steps of detecting the abnormal insulation index of an initial abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the Perform straight line fitting on the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage to obtain a normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line; Calculate the The sum of the initial insulation abnormality indicators corresponding to all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset high-rated voltages is taken as the second sum; Calculate the The initial abnormal appliance is in the The standard deviation of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage is calculated, and the product of the standard deviation and the normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line is calculated as the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the Instability under a preset high voltage; Calculate the The sum of the instabilities of the first abnormal electrical appliances under all preset high voltages is taken as the first The combined instability of an initial abnormal electrical appliance; The second sum, The combined instability of the first abnormal electrical appliances and the The normalized value of the product of the safety hazard indexes of the first abnormal electrical appliances is taken as the The insulation abnormality index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0010] Furthermore, the determination of the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance includes the following specific steps: Determine the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the voltage data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; Determine the thermal stability abnormal performance index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the time series sequence of temperature data of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; The normalized value of the product of the insulation abnormality index, the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality and the thermal stability abnormality performance index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance is used as the fault index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of determining the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of each initially abnormal electrical appliance includes the following specific steps: For Initial abnormal appliances, use the peak detection algorithm to obtain the The peak points in the voltage data timing sequence under the preset test voltage are calculated, the absolute value of the voltage difference between any two adjacent peak points is calculated, the maximum value among the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is selected, and then the average value of the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is calculated, and the difference between the maximum value and the average value of the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is subtracted as the value of the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the Voltage stability abnormality under a preset test voltage; Calculate the The average value of the voltage stability abnormality of the first abnormal appliance under all preset test voltages is taken as the The comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps of determining the thermal stability abnormal performance index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the Perform straight line fitting on the temperature data time series under a preset test voltage to obtain a normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line; Calculate the The average of the normalized values ​​of the slopes of the fitting straight lines of the temperature data time series of the first abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages, and then calculate the The variance of the normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line of the temperature data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages is calculated, and the product of the mean and the variance is used as the first The thermal stability abnormal performance index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0013] Furthermore, the screening out of unqualified electrical appliances includes the following specific steps: Initially abnormal electrical appliances whose fault index is greater than a preset threshold are recorded as unqualified electrical appliances.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: In an embodiment of the present invention, according to the leakage current data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset high-rated voltages, the safety hazard index of each electrical appliance is determined to screen out the initial abnormal electrical appliances, thereby screening out the initial abnormal electrical appliances through the leakage current data under different high-rated voltages, so as to improve the efficiency of subsequent unqualified electrical appliance screening, obtain the insulation abnormality index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance, combine the voltage data time series sequence and temperature data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages of each initial abnormal electrical appliance, determine the fault index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance, so as to screen out unqualified electrical appliances, thereby realizing a comprehensive evaluation of electrical appliance performance through the analysis of multiple dimensional data, and ensuring the accuracy of unqualified electrical appliance screening. The present invention realizes a comprehensive evaluation of electrical appliance performance by analyzing the voltage, leakage current and temperature data of the electrical appliance under different voltages. This multi-angle analysis can more accurately capture the performance of the electrical appliance under different conditions, improve the accuracy and efficiency of abnormality detection, and more comprehensively evaluate the safety performance of the electrical appliance by analyzing the leakage current time series data under different voltages and considering the changes in temperature and voltage. It is not only suitable for evaluation under static conditions, but also can adapt to various dynamic changes that may occur during the use of the electrical appliance, so that the electrical safety test of the electrical product is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of an electrical safety testing method for an electrical product of the present invention; Figure 2 4 is a flowchart for obtaining unqualified electrical appliances in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of the electrical safety testing method of an electrical product proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, features and effects, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0019] The specific scheme of the electrical safety testing method for an electrical product provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a method for testing electrical safety of an electrical product provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps: Step S001: among a plurality of electrical appliances of the same model, respectively obtaining a voltage data timing sequence and a temperature data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset test voltages, and a leakage current data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset high-rated voltages.

[0021] Among several electrical appliances of the same model, a high-precision voltmeter and temperature sensor are used to collect the voltage data timing sequence and temperature data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under several preset test voltages, and then a leakage current tester is used to collect the leakage current data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under several preset high voltages.

[0022] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, 30 household refrigerators of the same model are used as test appliances, and the preset test voltages are Volt, 220 Volt and Volts, the preset high voltage is volt, Volts and Volt, the duration of all time series is 2 hours, and the acquisition frequency is once a minute. This is taken as an example for description. Each time series is normalized to between 0 and 1 by the minimum and maximum normative method. This is a well-known technology, which unifies the dimensions of data of different dimensions, facilitates subsequent analysis, and in the test process, in order to ensure the personal safety of the testers, the safety of the equipment has practical safety significance.

[0023] Among them, the preset test voltage is selected near the normal voltage of about 220 volts, so that the test voltage is within a reasonable voltage range. The preset high voltage is selected at a voltage higher than the normal voltage of 220 volts. The magnitude of the leakage current reflects the quality of the insulation performance of the electrical appliance. By applying a high voltage higher than the normal voltage to household appliances, it can be observed whether the insulation performance of the appliance can withstand the impact of such a high voltage. Testing the leakage current under high voltage can more strictly test the insulation performance of the appliance, because high voltage will aggravate the defects and weaknesses of the insulating material, making it easier to expose them.

[0024] It should be further explained that: this embodiment aims to comprehensively evaluate the performance of electrical appliances under different conditions through multi-dimensional data collection and data analysis technology, improve the accuracy and efficiency of abnormal detection, and adapt to dynamic changes. This method is applicable to multiple scenarios such as electrical appliance manufacturing, maintenance, research and development, safety performance evaluation, and dynamic performance monitoring, which helps to improve the quality and safety of electrical products. This embodiment takes household appliances as an example to analyze their electrical safety. Household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. may encounter voltage fluctuations during normal use. Through sensitivity analysis and leakage current testing, it can be ensured that these devices can still work normally in an unstable power supply environment and will not be damaged or fail due to voltage changes. The temperature rise test can detect the heat dissipation of the equipment after long-term operation to prevent safety problems caused by overheating. Among them, sensitivity analysis is to observe the changes in electrical appliance performance by changing test conditions (such as voltage). Electrical appliances that are sensitive to voltage changes may indicate that they have poor stability and are low-quality products. The leakage current test performs leakage current tests on electrical appliances at different voltage levels to evaluate their insulation performance capabilities. This helps to identify electrical appliances that may fail in high-voltage environments. The temperature rise test mainly monitors the temperature rise of electrical appliances under different voltages. Excessive temperature may indicate that the appliance has poor heat dissipation or other internal problems, affecting its long-term stability and safety. Based on the above, the safety performance of an appliance is analyzed by analyzing its working voltage, leakage current, and temperature timing data.

[0025] Step S002: Determine the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance according to the leakage current data time series of each electrical appliance under all preset high-rated voltages; and screen out initial abnormal electrical appliances according to the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance.

[0026] It should be noted that leakage current is more critical in evaluating the safety performance of electrical appliances. Leakage current directly reflects the insulation performance of electrical appliances, and good insulation performance is the basis for preventing electric shock accidents. At the same time, the size of leakage current is also closely related to the energy consumption and efficiency of electrical appliances. Excessive leakage current will not only increase energy waste, but may also cause safety hazards.

[0027] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance includes: First Take an appliance as an example, and calculate the The average of all leakage current data of each electrical appliance in the leakage current data time series under all preset high-rated voltages is taken as the first average value, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under each preset high-rated voltage and the first average value is calculated as the performance fluctuation under each preset high-rated voltage, and the normalized value of the average of the performance fluctuations under all preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the first average value. Safety hazard index of each electrical appliance.

[0028] What needs to be explained is that the normalized value of the mean is The linear normalization function is used to normalize the mean to between 0 and 1. When the difference between the maximum leakage current data and the first mean is a large positive value, it means that the electrical appliance may be at risk of overvoltage at a specific voltage. When it is a large negative value, it means that the voltage resistance of the electrical appliance is insufficient at a specific voltage. Therefore, the greater the performance fluctuation, the more likely the electrical appliance is to have a safety hazard, that is, the greater the safety hazard index.

[0029] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the initial abnormal electrical appliance includes: The absolute value of the difference between the safety hazard indexes of any two electrical appliances is used as the clustering distance between the two electrical appliances. The K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform clustering operations on all electrical appliances to obtain several clusters.

[0030] Among them, the K-means clustering algorithm is a well-known technology, and the elbow method is used to obtain the optimal number of clustering clusters of the K-means clustering algorithm. In addition, it is a well-known technology and the specific method is not introduced here.

[0031] The mean of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances is calculated as the hazard threshold, and the mean of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances in each cluster is calculated as the standard hazard index of each cluster.

[0032] Each electrical appliance in the cluster whose standard hidden danger index is greater than the hidden danger threshold is recorded as an initial abnormal electrical appliance.

[0033] It should be noted that electrical appliances with quality problems are often a minority, so the average of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances is used as the hazard threshold.

[0034] Step S003: Determine the insulation abnormality index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance according to the leakage current data time series sequence and the potential safety hazard index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset high voltages.

[0035] In the preliminary analysis of the electrical appliance safety hazard index, the main focus is on the overall fluctuations of the main influencing factors of the appliance. However, the actual situation is often more complex and changeable. For example, voltage fluctuations may interfere with the normal operation of the appliance or even damage its internal components. Therefore, in order to more accurately determine the abnormal situation and the cause of the abnormality, it is necessary to further analyze the above-mentioned initial abnormal appliances. By checking the use environment, working status and other information of the appliance in detail, it is helpful to have a more comprehensive understanding of the specific factors that cause the abnormality, so as to formulate targeted solutions and provide strong support.

[0036] During the leakage current test, a test voltage higher than the normal operating voltage is applied to the appliance under test to observe whether its insulation performance can withstand the impact of such a high voltage. In this process, if the insulation performance of the appliance is good, the leakage current passing through the appliance should be very small; on the contrary, if the insulation performance is poor, the leakage current will increase significantly.

[0037] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the insulation abnormality index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance includes: First For example, in the first In the leakage current data timing sequence under a preset high voltage, Subtract the leakage current data from The difference of leakage current data is taken as the The incremental value of the leakage current data is used to form an incremental value sequence with the incremental values ​​of all leakage current data. The preset high voltage and The ratio of the leakage current data is taken as the The insulation resistance value of each leakage current data is used to form an insulation resistance value sequence with the insulation resistance values ​​of all leakage current data.

[0038] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the increment value of the second leakage current data is taken as the increment value of the first leakage current data, and this is taken as an example for description.

[0039] According to the above method, get The incremental value sequence and insulation resistance value sequence of the initial abnormal electrical appliance at each preset high voltage.

[0040] For Initial abnormal electrical appliances, calculate the +1 with The first value in the sequence of increments at a preset high voltage The ratio of the increment values ​​is used as the first ratio, and the +1 with The ratio of the first preset high voltage is used as the second ratio, and the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio is calculated as the first +1 with The first difference of the preset high-rated voltage is calculated, and the sum of the average of the first differences of all adjacent preset high-rated voltages and the preset constant is calculated as the first sum, and the first value in the insulation resistance value sequence under the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated. The difference between the insulation resistance values ​​is taken as the second difference, the difference between the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the third difference, the ratio of the second difference to the third difference is calculated as the third ratio, and the product of the first sum and the third ratio is recorded as the third ratio. The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data.

[0041] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the preset constant , taking this as an example. The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance Initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to leakage current data The calculation formula is: In the formula, To set the number of high voltages, For the The initial abnormal appliance is in the +1 increment value in the sequence at preset high voltage Incremental value, For the The initial abnormal appliance is in the The first value in the sequence of increments at a preset high voltage Incremental value, is the first ratio, For the +1 preset high voltage, For the A preset high voltage, is the second ratio, For the +1 with A first difference value of a preset high voltage, is the first sum value, For the The first in the series of insulation resistance values ​​of the first initially abnormal electrical appliance at the maximum preset high voltage Insulation resistance value, For the The first in the series of insulation resistance values ​​of the first initially abnormal electrical appliance at the minimum preset high voltage Insulation resistance value, is the second difference, The maximum preset high voltage. The minimum preset high voltage, is the third difference, is the third ratio. The smaller the value, the better the insulation performance, because the incremental value of the leakage current data under different preset high voltages will show a linear relationship, that is, if the voltage doubles, the incremental value of the leakage current data may also double, so add This is to prevent the first sum from being 0. The larger the value, the greater the insulation resistance decreases with the increase of the preset high voltage, which also indicates that there may be problems with the insulation performance of the appliance. The larger it is, the more abnormal the insulation of the appliance is.

[0042] Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the A leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage is fitted to obtain the slope of the fitted line, and then the normalized value of the slope of the fitted line is obtained, wherein the normalized value of the slope is obtained using The linear normalization function is used to normalize the slope to between 0 and 1, and the least square method is a well-known technique.

[0043] Calculate the The sum of the initial insulation abnormality indexes corresponding to all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliances under all preset high voltages is taken as the second sum, and the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the The standard deviation of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage is calculated, and the product of the standard deviation and the normalized value of the slope of the fitting line is calculated as the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the The instability under the preset high voltage is calculated. The sum of the instabilities of the first abnormal electrical appliances under all preset high voltages is taken as the first The comprehensive instability of the initial abnormal electrical appliances, the second sum, the first The combined instability of the first abnormal electrical appliances and the The normalized value of the product of the safety hazard indexes of the first abnormal electrical appliances is taken as the The insulation abnormality index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0044] What needs to be explained is that the normalized value of the product is Linear normalization function, used to normalize the product to between 0 and 1. Insulation abnormality index of an initial abnormal electrical appliance The calculation formula is: In the formula, For the The safety hazard index of the initial abnormal electrical appliances, For the The initial abnormal appliance is in the The standard deviation of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage, For the The initial abnormal appliance is in the The normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line of the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage, For the The initial abnormal appliance is in the Instability under a preset high voltage, To set the number of high voltages, For the The combined instability of an initial abnormal electrical appliance, For the The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data is is the number of leakage current data in the leakage current data timing sequence, is the second sum. Among them, The larger the value, the more significant the fluctuation of leakage current data, indicating that the insulation performance of the electrical appliance may be unstable. The larger the value, the faster the leakage current data increases over time, indicating that the insulation performance of the electrical appliance may be unstable. The larger the value, the more unstable the insulation performance of the electrical appliance. The bigger, the The more abnormal the insulation of an initially abnormal appliance is, the worse the quality of the appliance is.

[0045] Step S004: Determine the fault index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance according to the voltage data timing sequence and temperature data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages and the insulation abnormality index.

[0046] If an appliance has poor insulation performance, this may indicate a serious problem with the appliance's insulation system. However, this indicator can also be affected by other factors, leading to uncertainty in the results. For example, an appliance that is sensitive to voltage changes may show poor stability when the test conditions change, which may mean that it is a low-quality product. In addition, temperature changes may also have a significant impact on the performance of an appliance. By monitoring the temperature rise of the appliance at different voltages, if excessive temperatures are found, this may indicate that the appliance has poor heat dissipation or other internal problems. Long-term use may cause the appliance itself to heat up, which in turn causes a series of problems that affect its long-term stability and safety.

[0047] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance includes: For Initial abnormal appliances, use the peak detection algorithm to obtain the The peak point in the voltage data timing sequence under a preset test voltage is detected. The peak detection algorithm is a well-known technology.

[0048] Calculate the absolute value of the voltage difference between any two adjacent peak points, select the maximum value among the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points, calculate the mean of the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points, and calculate the difference between the maximum value and the mean as the value of the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the Voltage stability abnormality under a preset test voltage.

[0049] It should be noted that the mean reflects the overall fluctuation of the appliance during the test. The smaller the mean, the more stable the performance of the appliance. The maximum value may be caused by abnormal fluctuations. The larger the difference between the maximum value and the mean, the larger the abnormal fluctuation in voltage data. The greater the voltage stability abnormality, the worse the quality of the appliance.

[0050] According to the above method, get The voltage stability abnormality of the first abnormal appliance under each preset test voltage is calculated. The average value of the voltage stability abnormality of the first abnormal appliance under all preset test voltages is taken as the The comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0051] Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the The temperature data timing sequence under a preset test voltage is fitted to obtain the slope of the fitted straight line, and then the normalized value of the slope of the fitted straight line is obtained. The normalized value of the slope is calculated using The linear normalization function is used to normalize the slope to between 0 and 1, and the least square method is a well-known technique.

[0052] Calculate the The average of the normalized values ​​of the slopes of the fitting straight lines of the temperature data time series of the first abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages, and then calculate the The variance of the normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line of the temperature data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages is calculated, and the product of the mean and the variance is used as the first The thermal stability abnormal performance index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0053] It should be noted that the greater the slope of the fitted straight line of the temperature data time series, the greater the possibility of abnormality due to poor heat dissipation or other internal problems of the appliance under long-term use. The greater the variance, the greater the difference between the temperature changes of the appliance under different voltages, indicating that the temperature change of the appliance is greatly affected by the voltage change and the temperature change is unstable. Therefore, the greater the product of the mean and the variance, the more abnormal the thermal stability and the worse the quality of the appliance.

[0054] Calculate the The insulation abnormality index of the first abnormal electrical appliance, The comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of the first abnormal appliance and the The normalized value of the product of the thermal stability abnormal performance indexes of the first abnormal electrical appliances is taken as the first The fault index of an initially abnormal appliance.

[0055] What needs to be explained is that the normalized value of the product is Linear normalization function, used to normalize the product to between 0 and 1.

[0056] Step S005: Screen out unqualified electrical appliances according to the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance.

[0057] When evaluating the insulation performance of an appliance, it is necessary to comprehensively consider a variety of factors, including the difference in the incremental value of the leakage current, the rate of change of the insulation resistance, the volatility of the leakage current time series data, and the influence of the appliance temperature, etc. Through this comprehensive analysis, it is possible to more accurately determine whether the insulation performance of the appliance meets the requirements, thereby ensuring its safety and reliability in practical applications.

[0058] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for screening unqualified electrical appliances includes: In this embodiment, the preset threshold is 0.8, which is used as an example for description.

[0059] The initial abnormal electrical appliances whose fault index is greater than the preset threshold are recorded as unqualified electrical appliances. The acquisition flow chart of unqualified electrical appliances is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0060] Initially abnormal electrical appliances whose fault index is less than or equal to a preset threshold are recorded as qualified electrical appliances.

[0061] The electrical appliances that are not initially abnormal are recorded as qualified electrical appliances.

[0062] Further inspection or repair is carried out for unqualified electrical appliances. This judgment standard helps to maintain the safety and functionality of electrical appliances and ensure the safety of users using electrical appliances, thus completing the electrical safety test of electrical products.

[0063] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, when the denominator in the formula is 0, the denominator is set to 0.1 to ensure that the formula is valid, and this example is used for description.

[0064] So far, the present invention is completed.

[0065] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, the safety hazard index of each electrical appliance is determined according to the leakage current data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset high voltages, so as to screen out the initial abnormal electrical appliances, thereby determining the insulation abnormality index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance, and combining the voltage data timing sequence and temperature data timing sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages of each initial abnormal electrical appliance to determine the fault index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance, so as to screen out unqualified electrical appliances. The present invention realizes a comprehensive evaluation of electrical appliance performance through the analysis of multiple dimensional data, and ensures the accuracy of electrical safety testing of electrical products.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical safety testing method for an electrical product, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Among a plurality of electrical appliances of the same model, respectively obtaining a voltage data time series sequence and a temperature data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset test voltages, and a leakage current data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under a plurality of preset high-rated voltages; Determine the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance based on the leakage current data time series of each electrical appliance under all preset high voltages; and screen out initially abnormal electrical appliances based on the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance; Determine the insulation abnormality index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance according to the leakage current data time series sequence and the safety hazard index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset high voltages; Determine the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the voltage data time series sequence and the temperature data time series sequence and the insulation abnormality index of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; According to the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance, unqualified electrical appliances are screened out; The specific steps of determining the potential safety hazard index of each electrical appliance are as follows: For For each appliance, the mean of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under all preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the first mean value, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under each preset high-rated voltage and the first mean value is calculated as the performance fluctuation under each preset high-rated voltage, and the normalized value of the mean of the performance fluctuation under all preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the first The safety hazard index of each electrical appliance.

2. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of screening out the initial abnormal electrical appliances are as follows: Taking the absolute value of the difference between the safety hazard indexes of any two electrical appliances as the clustering distance between the two electrical appliances, using the K-means clustering algorithm to perform clustering operations on all electrical appliances to obtain a number of cluster clusters; Calculate the average of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances as the hazard threshold; Calculate the mean of the safety hazard index of all electrical appliances in each cluster as the standard hazard index of each cluster; Each electrical appliance in the cluster whose standard hidden danger index is greater than the hidden danger threshold is recorded as an initial abnormal electrical appliance.

3. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the insulation abnormality index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: For The first abnormal electrical appliance, In the leakage current data timing sequence under a preset high voltage, The leakage current data is subtracted from the The difference of leakage current data is taken as the The incremental value of the leakage current data is used to form an incremental value sequence with the incremental values ​​of all leakage current data. The preset high voltage and The ratio of the leakage current data is taken as the The insulation resistance value of each leakage current data is used to form an insulation resistance value sequence with the insulation resistance values ​​of all leakage current data; According to The incremental value sequence and insulation resistance value sequence of the initial abnormal electrical appliances under different preset high voltages are determined. The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data; According to The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data, the leakage current data time series under each preset high voltage, and the safety hazard index are determined. The insulation abnormality index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

4. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determination The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data includes the following specific steps: For Initial abnormal electrical appliances, calculate the +1 with The first value in the sequence of increments at a preset high voltage The ratio of the increment values ​​is used as the first ratio, and the +1 with The ratio of the first preset high voltage is used as the second ratio, and the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio is calculated as the first +1 with The first difference of the preset high-rated voltage is calculated, and the sum of the average of the first differences of all adjacent preset high-rated voltages and the preset constant is calculated as the first sum, and the first value of the insulation resistance value sequence under the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated. The difference between the insulation resistance values ​​is taken as the second difference, the difference between the maximum and minimum preset high-rated voltages is calculated as the third difference, the ratio of the second difference to the third difference is calculated as the third ratio, and the product of the first sum and the third ratio is recorded as the third The first one in the leakage current data time series of all preset high-rated voltages of the initial abnormal electrical appliance The initial insulation abnormality index corresponding to the leakage current data.

5. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determination The specific steps of detecting the abnormal insulation index of an initial abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the Perform straight line fitting on the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage to obtain a normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line; Calculate the The sum of the initial insulation abnormality indicators corresponding to all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset high-rated voltages is taken as the second sum; Calculate the The initial abnormal appliance is in the The standard deviation of all leakage current data in the leakage current data time series under a preset high voltage is calculated, and the product of the standard deviation and the normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line is calculated as the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the Instability under a preset high voltage; Calculate the The sum of the instabilities of the first abnormal electrical appliances under all preset high voltages is taken as the first The combined instability of an initial abnormal electrical appliance; The second sum, The combined instability of the first abnormal electrical appliances and the The normalized value of the product of the safety hazard indexes of the first abnormal electrical appliances is taken as the The insulation abnormality index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

6. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the fault index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: Determine the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the voltage data time series sequence of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; Determine the thermal stability abnormal performance index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance according to the time series sequence of temperature data of each electrical appliance under all preset test voltages; The normalized value of the product of the insulation abnormality index, the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality and the thermal stability abnormality performance index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance is used as the fault index of each initial abnormal electrical appliance.

7. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of each initially abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: For Initial abnormal appliances, use the peak detection algorithm to obtain the The peak points in the voltage data timing sequence under the preset test voltage are calculated, the absolute value of the voltage difference between any two adjacent peak points is calculated, the maximum value among the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is selected, and then the average value of the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is calculated, and the difference between the maximum value and the average value of the absolute values ​​of the voltage difference between all two adjacent peak points is subtracted as the value of the first The initial abnormal appliance is in the Voltage stability abnormality under a preset test voltage; Calculate the The average value of the voltage stability abnormality of the first abnormal appliance under all preset test voltages is taken as the The comprehensive voltage stability abnormality of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

8. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the thermal stability abnormal performance index of each initially abnormal electrical appliance are as follows: Using the least squares method, The initial abnormal appliance is in the Perform straight line fitting on the temperature data time series under a preset test voltage to obtain a normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line; Calculate the The average of the normalized values ​​of the slopes of the fitting straight lines of the temperature data time series of the first abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages, and then calculate the The variance of the normalized value of the slope of the fitting straight line of the temperature data time series of the initial abnormal electrical appliance under all preset test voltages is calculated, and the product of the mean and the variance is used as the first The thermal stability abnormal performance index of an initially abnormal electrical appliance.

9. The electrical safety testing method for an electrical product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of screening out unqualified electrical appliances are as follows: Initially abnormal electrical appliances whose fault index is greater than a preset threshold are recorded as unqualified electrical appliances.

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