A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method, medium and equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of railway information technology, and discloses a BIM dynamic modeling method, medium and equipment for railway yard equipment. The method includes: constructing a semantic information model of the yard equipment; performing BIM modeling based on the semantic information model of the yard equipment to obtain a BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment; and automatically updating the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment based on the minimum impact domain. The present invention classifies and represents the yard equipment, summarizes and accurately describes the association relationship between the equipment based on the tree structure and hypergraph semantics, and finally constructs a semantic information model of the yard equipment. Based on the semantic information model, the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment is automatically constructed. And through a model update algorithm based on the minimum impact domain; after completing the automatic BIM modeling, the minimum impact range can be automatically obtained for the change operation, and the equipment within the range can be deleted and rebuilt; dynamic modeling and automatic updating are realized, which greatly improves the design efficiency of designers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railway information technology, and in particular to a BIM dynamic modeling method, medium and equipment for railway yard equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the needs of social and economic development, there will be a large number of new or rebuilt railways in the future. The design, construction, operation and maintenance of the entire railway involve many professions. Based on the station yard, they are divided into pre-station professions (bridges, tunnels, stations, etc.) led by the line and post-station professions (communication, signaling, building construction, electrification, etc.) led by the station yard, which require division of labor and cooperation among various professions. The station yard is the leader of the "post-station" and is closely connected with various professions. It plays an important role in connecting the past and the future. Its importance is self-evident.

[0003] Railway yards are responsible for passenger and freight transportation, train passing, marshaling, dismantling and vehicle maintenance, and are an indispensable key node in the entire railway system. In order to complete complex yard operations, many different types of closely related equipment are deployed in the station, including tracks, switches, platforms and warning facilities. These equipment work together to complete various operations, which contain various relationships. For example, the most common train arrival and departure operation, first the train enters the departure track from the main track through multiple sets of plane coordinates and switches with smooth slope sections; the line spacing between the arrival and departure track and the adjacent track must meet the safety limit requirements; the warning mark and signal are arranged in a position that does not affect the safety of operations on the two adjacent tracks, and as close to the switch as possible, so that the effective length of the arrival and departure line meets the specified requirements; the train must stop within the effective arrival and departure line range determined by the exit signal, warning mark and switch and other equipment; in order to meet the requirements of passenger boarding and alighting and cargo loading and unloading, the horizontal distance and height difference between the platform and the arrival and departure line need to meet specific requirements. Even within a single device, there are complex relationships. For example, the track is composed of sub-devices such as rails, sleepers, fasteners and trackbeds. These sub-devices follow extremely strict relative spatial relationships determined by the track's horizontal and vertical planes. A millimeter-level deviation will seriously affect the safety of trains running on it. Importantly, these relationships affect every stage of the railway yard, from design to construction to operation and maintenance.

[0004] In recent years, the building information model (BIM) technology, which has the characteristics of completeness, coordination and consistency, has provided an effective means for expressing the above-mentioned related information and model construction and updating between various types of equipment in the entire life cycle of railway stations. It has been widely used in the field of construction engineering. However, the railway station field is still in its infancy, and existing research is also concentrated on station buildings, roadbeds, etc., with few focusing on station equipment, and most of them only focus on the expression of geometric shapes and positions, lacking descriptions of important semantic information such as association relationships. As a result, the existing railway station BIM model is still in the expression of a static three-dimensional model, making it difficult to achieve rapid updates of its associated equipment after design modifications and dynamic maintenance between equipment in the later operation and maintenance stages, and has not played the real role of BIM in the entire life cycle of the station.

[0005] In summary, a method is needed to quickly build a BIM dynamic model of railway yard equipment and automatically update and rebuild associated equipment after the model is changed, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly constructing a BIM dynamic model of railway yard equipment and automatically updating and rebuilding associated equipment after the model is changed. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Divide the hierarchical structure into fields, devices and sub-devices;

[0009] Classify station equipment into point, line and surface types;

[0010] Acquire association relationships between devices, wherein the association relationships include hierarchical relationships, connection relationships, reference relationships, cross relationships, attribute information relationships, and combination relationships;

[0011] Describe the relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics;

[0012] Obtain a semantic information model of station equipment that combines hierarchical structure, equipment classification and association relationship;

[0013] S2: Obtain the original design data of the station, and perform BIM modeling based on the semantic information model of the station equipment to obtain the BIM dynamic model of the station equipment;

[0014] S3: Automatically update the BIM dynamic model of station equipment based on the minimum impact domain.

[0015] Preferably, the equipment whose geometric position is described by a specific three-dimensional coordinate point and a three-dimensional rotation angle is defined as a point-like equipment, which includes a turnout, a warning mark, a signal and a car stop, and is described by a set with a certain position, angle and standard equipment model;

[0016] Equipment with a three-dimensional geometric centerline and corresponding cross-section is defined as linear equipment, which includes tracks, walls and drains, expressed in three-dimensional centerlines and standard cross-sections;

[0017] Equipment surrounded by multiple surface areas is defined as surface equipment, which includes platforms, flat aisles and yards, and is uniformly described by the surface range of the top and bottom surfaces of the equipment and the equipment height.

[0018] Preferably, the association relationship is specifically:

[0019] Hierarchical relationship: A hierarchical relationship means that a series of low-level devices together constitute a high-level device. At the same time, various attribute parameters in the high-level device will also affect the BIM dynamic model of the low-level device. The constraints of the hierarchical relationship satisfy that the low-level device is affected by the high-level device, the low-level device belongs to the high-level device, and the high-level device is composed of a series of low-level devices. The expression is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] Where: Indicates constraints; For the A low-level device; It is a high-level device; Indicates the number of low-level devices;

[0022] Reference relationship: Reference relationship means that the spatial position of a device or sub-device is a reference for another device or sub-device when it is designed. The limit constraints between devices in three-dimensional space need to be considered, including: the generation of the target point of the reference device is affected by the parameters of the referenced device, including coordinates, azimuth, design elevation, radius, transition curve and limit distance, and the plane distance and vertical height difference between the reference point and the referenced point meet the limit distance; its expression is as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] Where: The target point of the reference device; It is the reference point of the referenced equipment; for and The plane distance between Limit distance for plane; for and The height difference between for 's elevation; for 's elevation; It is the vertical height difference limit;

[0026] Connection relationship, which indicates the physical or logical connection between multiple devices or sub-devices, is used to express the relationship between the geometric shapes of the devices, including: the connection point of the connecting device is affected by the design parameters of the connected device; the plane coordinates and design elevation of the connecting device and the connected device at the connection point are the same, and the model angles are equal; the plane curvature and longitudinal slope of the linear connection are equal to ensure the smoothness of the connection; the connection point cannot be located in the connection restricted area; the expression of the connection relationship is as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] ;

[0032] Where: It is the connection point for connecting the equipment; To connect the restricted area; is the latitude of the connection point of the connecting device, The distance between the connection points of the connected equipment; The latitude of the connection point of the connected device, The distance between the connection points of the connected devices; is the elevation of the connected device, is the elevation of the connected device; Generate functions for horizontal connection angles or vertical slopes; Generates functions for planar connection curvature;

[0033] Intersection relationship: Intersection relationship means that multiple devices or sub-devices intersect in space. Clearance conditions and intersection angle constraints need to be considered. Specifically, the intersection angle between two devices must meet the restricted intersection angle, and the elevation difference at the intersection point must meet the clearance condition. The expression is as follows:

[0034] ;

[0035] ;

[0036] Where: is the intersection angle; is the vector at the intersection of the planes of the cross device; is the vector at the intersection point of the planes of the crossed devices; To limit the intersection angle;

[0037] Attribute relationship: Attribute relationship means that the attribute information of a device or a sub-device is affected by the attribute information of another device or a sub-device;

[0038] Combination relationship: Combination relationship indicates the aggregation of the same type of equipment at the same level, which is used to meet the needs of specific professions. A single device belongs to the combined overall device, which includes all single devices of the same type. The expression is as follows:

[0039] ;

[0040] Where: For the equipment in the combination relationship, It is the component equipment in the combination relationship.

[0041] Preferably, the specific steps of describing the association relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics are:

[0042] Each device is described as a point set in a hypergraph through hypergraph semantics , Represents devices; describes the relationship between devices as hyperedges in the hypergraph , Represents the relationship between devices; point sets and hyperedges work together to form a hypergraph model ; For the combination relationship, the signal equipment and signal system between different fields connected by the hyperedge representing the combination relationship are expressed; the different signal equipment in each field is aggregated into a signal system that plays a role in signal transmission in the entire station field.

[0043] Preferably, the step S2 comprises:

[0044] S2.1: Based on the classification characteristics, use parametric modeling methods to construct geometric models for various types of equipment in the station;

[0045] According to the original design data, the number of fields in the design station is determined, and each field is cycled in turn. The geometric models of the equipment are constructed according to the modeling methods of the three types of equipment. To construct a point-shaped equipment model, the basic parameters including the geometric insertion center point and the three-dimensional rotation matrix must be determined first, and then the center point is inserted by selecting the point-shaped equipment standard model that matches the requirements and three-dimensional rotation is performed. To construct a linear equipment model, the three-dimensional center line of the equipment must be determined first, and then the standard cross section of the equipment is selected for stretching and connection along the three-dimensional center line of the equipment. The construction of the surface equipment model is to determine the range of each surface area of ​​the surface equipment and directly splice it into a body and then fill the internal structure, or determine the range of a single surface area by corner points, and vertically stretch the surface area with reference to the equipment height, and then intersect the stretched body with the terrain surface to determine the relative area, and build a surface equipment model based on the intersection area and the stretched body.

[0046] S2.2: Perform semantic modeling;

[0047] After the geometric model is built, the device semantic information model is used to model the device semantic information, including the attributes of the device itself and the relationship between the devices. First, the semantic information is given to the device geometric model. Then, the relationship modeling is performed based on the relationship recorded in the original data, and recorded in the program with a custom hyperedge class. After all the relationship modeling is completed, a unified association matrix is ​​used. To describe this, the rows and columns of this matrix represent the equipment and association relationships in the station field. If a device node has a hyperedge in one of the relationships, the matrix value is recorded. is 1, otherwise it is 0. The expression is as follows:

[0048] .

[0049] Preferably, the step S3 includes:

[0050] S3.1: Determine the trigger mechanism for model update;

[0051] S3.2: Determine the minimum impact area of ​​the update and clarify the minimum amount of equipment that needs to be updated;

[0052] S3.3: Perform update and model consistency check to determine whether the updated equipment meets the constraint conditions. If the conditions are met, output the updated station equipment BIM dynamic model.

[0053] Preferably, the step S3 includes:

[0054] Determine the type of update trigger mechanism: When an operation of editing and modifying equipment occurs, determine whether the operation type is geometric modification, attribute information modification, or equipment type modification. If it is a geometric modification or equipment type modification operation, delete and rebuild the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; if it is an attribute information modification, directly modify the attribute set of the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; after determining the update mechanism, delete and rebuild the modified equipment model;

[0055] Determine the minimum impact domain of the update: adopt the idea of ​​local update strategy, after the update trigger mechanism appears, determine the minimum impact scope of this update, and then update the BIM dynamic model of the associated equipment within this scope; after the equipment is modified and updated, it is necessary to obtain the association relationship of the equipment in the constructed hypergraph model, retrieve all the associated equipment of the equipment through the association matrix constructed in S2.2, and then delete the equipment model that needs to be rebuilt by the BIM dynamic model, and update all the associated equipment based on the updated modified equipment and the association relationship type;

[0056] After the first update is completed, new devices will be updated. At this time, the new impact domain range of the changed devices needs to be determined, and then all affected devices are updated and rebuilt according to the association relationship until there are no devices in the latest impact domain that need to be updated;

[0057] Perform consistency check: After the update is completed, the dynamics of all devices within the update domain are updated, and all relevant BIM dynamic models and their associated relationship models are rebuilt according to the new design parameters and design constraints; the reconstructed BIM dynamic model and the associated relationship model are tested for consistency, including geometric shape detection, constraint relationship detection and attribute set information detection; after satisfying the detection requirements, the update action is completed and the latest model is output.

[0058] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] (1) A method for BIM dynamic modeling of railway yard equipment, comprising the following steps: S1: constructing a semantic information model of the yard equipment; S2: obtaining the original design data of the yard, and performing BIM modeling based on the semantic information model of the yard equipment to obtain a BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment; S3: automatically updating the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment based on the minimum impact domain. The present invention analyzes the railway yard equipment and classifies it, summarizes the association relationship between the equipment, and finally accurately describes the association relationship between the equipment based on the tree structure and hypergraph semantics, and finally constructs a semantic information model of the yard equipment. Based on the above semantic information model, the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment is automatically constructed. This can realize the rapid update of its associated equipment after the design is modified and the dynamic maintenance of the equipment in the later operation and maintenance stage, which is conducive to the role of BIM in the whole life cycle of the yard.

[0060] (2) A model update algorithm based on the minimum impact domain is proposed; after completing the automatic BIM modeling, if a change operation occurs, the minimum impact range can be automatically calculated, and the equipment within the range can be deleted and rebuilt. Dynamic modeling and automatic updating are realized. Based on the above theory, the functional requirements proposed in the theory can be successfully completed, greatly improving the design efficiency of designers.

[0061] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the aforementioned railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method is implemented.

[0062] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the aforementioned railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method by executing the executable instructions.

[0063] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0065] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for BIM dynamic modeling of railway yard equipment in an embodiment;

[0066] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for updating a BIM dynamic model in an embodiment;

[0067] Figure 3is a schematic diagram of a tree structure of railway yard equipment in an embodiment;

[0068] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an association relationship model based on hypergraph semantics in an embodiment;

[0069] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of BIM dynamic modeling of railway yard equipment in the embodiment;

[0070] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a station equipment design update in an embodiment;

[0071] Figure 7 It is a rendering of the updated design of the station equipment in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] Example:

[0074] The method of the present application is demonstrated by taking a certain station as an example. The station is an intermediate station with a longitudinal length of about 2,600m and a transverse length of about 500m. The design includes an arrival and departure yard, two cargo loading and unloading yards, including 17 tracks, 26 sets of turnouts, 24 sets of warning signs and signals, 6 platforms, 48 ​​drainage ditches, 1 reservoir, a total of 974.1 meters of walls, a total of 911.5 meters of fences and other major equipment. Reference Figure 1 , a railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method, comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1: Constructing a semantic information model of station equipment; the steps of S1 include:

[0076] Divide the hierarchical structure into fields, devices and sub-devices;

[0077] Classify station equipment into point, line and surface types;

[0078] Acquire association relationships between devices, wherein the association relationships include hierarchical relationships, connection relationships, reference relationships, cross relationships, attribute information relationships, and combination relationships;

[0079] Describe the relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics;

[0080] Obtain a semantic information model of station equipment that combines hierarchical structure, equipment classification and association relationships.

[0081] This embodiment analyzes the station equipment, summarizes the association relationship between the equipment, constructs the station equipment semantic information model, and develops an automatic construction of the station equipment BIM dynamic model and update algorithm. Experiments have proved that this method can improve the efficiency of station equipment BIM modeling and update, reduce the workload of related designers, and has important theoretical significance and engineering practice value.

[0082] The model includes a hierarchical structure of "field → equipment → sub-equipment" and station equipment classified into point, line and surface shapes; the hierarchical structure can more clearly recognize the station equipment, which is helpful for subsequent relationship description and modeling.

[0083] Stations are often large in scale, covering tens of thousands of square meters or even larger. Designers will plan a series of relatively independent yards according to functional zoning, including marshaling yards for train marshaling, dispatching and preparation, train parking yards for train parking, passenger and freight loading and unloading, maintenance yards for train repair, maintenance and cleaning, loading and unloading yards for cargo loading, unloading, storage and transshipment, etc. In this series of yards, there are a wide variety of station equipment, including tracks directly connected to trains, switches connecting various tracks, signal equipment such as warning signs and signal machines that control trains entering and leaving the station, as well as car blocks to prevent train derailment and platforms for carrying passengers and freight. A single station equipment is composed of various sub-equipment. For example, tracks are composed of sub-equipment such as rails, fasteners, sleepers, and roadbeds; platforms are composed of platform walls as boundary protection, platform pavements that directly carry loads, and platform fillings that disperse the load capacity; signal machines are composed of sub-equipment such as signal lights, light boxes, and bases. The sub-equipment interacts with each other and works together to form a single station equipment. From the above description, it is not difficult to see that the station equipment has a clear hierarchy, with a total of three layers, from the functional integrated field to the specific equipment and finally the sub-equipment that influence each other. The equipment within the layer has a clear division of labor and works together to form a higher level of equipment, which ultimately constitutes the entire railway station.

[0084] A summary of equipment association relationships with hierarchical relationships, connection relationships, reference relationships, cross relationships, attribute information relationships and combination relationships as the core; a description model of the relationship between equipment based on hypergraph semantics, based on which a semantic information model of railway station equipment is formed.

[0085] According to the equipment categories in the semantic information model of railway yard equipment constructed above, the modeling characteristics are summarized, and a geometric modeling method for automatically constructing a three-dimensional model of equipment is proposed. Based on the precise description of the relationship between equipment based on the hypergraph structure, the relationship modeling is carried out and integrated into the semantic modeling method of the three-dimensional geometric model, and finally a BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment is formed.

[0086] The entire station equipment is represented by three types of equipment: point equipment, line equipment, and surface equipment. Clustering equipment can improve the efficiency of subsequent station 3D modeling. Equipment whose geometric position is described by specific 3D coordinate points and 3D rotation angles is defined as point equipment, including turnouts, warning signs, signal machines, and car stops, which are described by a collection of equipment models with certain positions, angles, and standards;

[0087] Equipment with a three-dimensional geometric centerline and corresponding cross-section is defined as linear equipment, which includes tracks, walls and drains, expressed in three-dimensional centerlines and standard cross-sections;

[0088] Equipment surrounded by multiple surface areas is defined as surface equipment, which includes platforms, flat aisles and yards, and is uniformly described by the surface range of the top and bottom surfaces of the equipment and the equipment height.

[0089] The layout of various equipment in railway stations needs to follow relevant design principles. The geometric positions and semantic information of most equipment are related. These associations are complicated. If the expression of the associations is missing, the design change process will be inefficient and difficult to ensure accuracy. It will be difficult to update equipment information in operation and maintenance management, which will lead to serious safety accidents. Therefore, it has become an indispensable research to analyze the common characteristics of the associations of station equipment, classify and describe the relationships, and then express them in a unified way; this embodiment summarizes six types of associations, and the specific associations are:

[0090] Hierarchical relationship: Hierarchical relationship means that a series of low-level equipment together constitute high-level equipment. At the same time, various attribute parameters in high-level equipment will also affect the BIM dynamic model of low-level equipment. For example, sub-equipment constitutes station equipment, rails that record track gauge and rail type, sleepers that record sleeper type, and roadbeds that record roadbed type and slope coefficient work together to form a specific track. The constraints of the hierarchical relationship satisfy that low-level equipment is affected by high-level equipment, low-level equipment belongs to high-level equipment, and high-level equipment is composed of a series of low-level equipment. The expression is as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] Where: Indicates constraints; For the A low-level device; It is a high-level device; Indicates the number of low-level devices;

[0093] Reference relationship, which means that the spatial position of a device or sub-device is a reference for the design of another device or sub-device. For example, inside the track, sub-devices such as rails, fasteners and sleepers are designed with reference to the track centerline, and the plane line distance and longitudinal height difference between the track and the platform are constrained. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the limit constraints between devices in three-dimensional space, including: the target point generation of the reference device is affected by the parameters of the referenced device, including coordinates, azimuth, design elevation, radius, transition curve and limit distance. The specific calculation involves track line type combination, projection calculation and iterative generation, etc., as well as the plane distance and longitudinal height difference between the reference point and the referenced point to meet the limit distance; its expression is as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] ;

[0096] Where: The target point of the reference device; It is the reference point of the referenced equipment; for and The plane distance between Limit distance for plane; for and The height difference between for 's elevation; for 's elevation; It is the vertical height difference limit;

[0097] Connection relationship, connection relationship indicates the physical or logical connection between multiple devices or sub-devices, such as fasteners connected to sleepers inside the track, car blocks and parking devices connected at the end of the track to prevent train derailment; between the track and the switch, a single switch connects two tracks so that the train can switch from one line to another, and the switch cannot be located in the horizontal curve and vertical curve of the connecting track. It is used to express the relationship between the geometric shapes of the equipment, including: the connection point of the connecting equipment is affected by the design parameters of the connected equipment; the plane coordinates of the connecting equipment and the connected equipment at the connection point are the same as the design elevation, and the model angles are equal; the plane curvature and longitudinal slope of the linear connection are equal to ensure the smoothness of the connection; the connection point cannot be located in the connection restricted area; the expression of the connection relationship is as follows:

[0098] ;

[0099] ;

[0100] ;

[0101] ;

[0102] ;

[0103] Where: It is the connection point for connecting the equipment; To connect the restricted area; is the latitude of the connection point of the connecting device, The distance between the connection points of the connected equipment; The latitude of the connection point of the connected device, The distance between the connection points of the connected devices; is the elevation of the connected device, is the elevation of the connected device; Generate functions for horizontal connection angles or vertical slopes; Generates functions for planar connection curvature;

[0104] Crossing relationship, which means that multiple devices or sub-devices are intersecting in space, and clearance conditions and intersection angle constraints need to be considered, such as the vertical intersection between the rails and fasteners in the track, the intersection design between the sleepers and the roadbed; between the track and the flat walkway, the flat walkway is a device that spans multiple tracks and is generally set perpendicular to the track direction and fits the track closely to make the clearance zero. Specifically, the intersection angle between the two devices must meet the restricted intersection angle, and the elevation difference at the intersection point must meet the clearance conditions; the expression is as follows:

[0105] ;

[0106] ;

[0107] Where: is the intersection angle; is the vector at the intersection of the planes of the cross device; is the vector at the intersection point of the planes of the crossed devices; To limit the intersection angle;

[0108] Attribute relationship: Attribute relationship means that the attribute information of a device or sub-device is affected by the attribute information of another device or sub-device. For example, within the track, the selection of fastener type will be affected by factors such as sleeper type and rail type. Between the track and the signal, the approach direction of the track determines the selection of the signal type.

[0109] Combination relationship, which means the aggregation of the same type of equipment at the same level, is used to meet the needs of specific professions; for example, there is a signal system in the marshalling yard and another signal system in the train stop yard. For the communication signal professional designers in the railway yard, they pay more attention to the layout of the signal system in the entire yard, so they need to aggregate the signal systems in different yards into a complete signal system. A single device belongs to the combined overall device; the overall device includes all single devices of the same type; the expression is as follows:

[0110] ;

[0111] Where: For the equipment in the combination relationship, It is the component equipment in the combination relationship.

[0112] The specific steps to describe the relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics are:

[0113] Each device is described as a point set in a hypergraph through hypergraph semantics , Represents devices; describes the relationship between devices as hyperedges in the hypergraph , Represents the relationship between devices; point sets and hyperedges work together to form a hypergraph model ; For the combination relationship, the signal equipment and signal system between different fields connected by the hyperedge representing the combination relationship are expressed; the different signal equipment in each field is aggregated into a signal system that plays a role in signal transmission in the entire station field.

[0114] Construct a semantic information model for station equipment, combine the above equipment classification and association relationship summary, and accurately describe the station equipment and its internal relationships based on tree structure and hypergraph semantics.

[0115] Based on the above understanding of the station equipment and the determination of the hierarchical relationship, and the construction of the station equipment tree based on the tree structure, the composition of the station equipment is explained from three levels (field, station equipment and sub-equipment). Subsequent analysis is based on this tree structure. In this equipment tree, low-level equipment is connected to high-level equipment through hierarchical relationships, and low-level equipment works together to form high-level equipment, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0116] After having the device tree structure, other relationships need to be further described, especially for the association relationship between devices in a single layer. Traditional methods of expressing constraint association relationships are mainly concentrated in traditional graphs, ontologies, or knowledge graphs. These methods focus on the triple form of "entity-relationship-entity", but in railway yards, there are association relationships between multiple devices, and traditional methods are difficult to accurately describe similar association relationships. Therefore, a hypergraph that can describe multiple cross-coupling associations is introduced for expression. The hypergraph is the evolution of the traditional graph. In the traditional graph, an edge representing a relationship can only connect two nodes, while in the hypergraph, a finite number of nodes are used to represent entities or objects, and hyperedges that can connect any number of nodes in the graph represent the relationship between entities, so that the hypergraph can represent multiple coupling relationships.

[0117] Taking the station equipment layer as an example, the hypergraph structure is used to describe in detail the association relationship of the equipment in the layer. These relationships include the reference relationship, connection relationship, cross relationship, equipment attribute relationship and combination relationship analyzed above. In this hypergraph structure, each device is described as a point set in the hypergraph. , Represents devices, and describes the constraint association relationship between each device as a hyperedge in the hypergraph , Represents the relationship between devices. Point sets and hyperedges work together to form a hypergraph model. ,like Figure 4 As shown. For the combination relationship, the signal equipment and signal system between different yards connected by the hyperedge representing the combination relationship are expressed. Different signal equipment in the marshaling yard, departure yard and maintenance yard are aggregated into a signal system that plays a role in signal transmission in the entire station yard.

[0118] Comprehensive equipment analysis and relationship modeling to build a railway yard equipment semantic information model, providing a basis for subsequent BIM dynamic modeling and updating

[0119] S2: Acquire the original design data of the station, and perform BIM modeling based on the semantic information model of the station equipment to obtain a BIM dynamic model of the station equipment; the steps of S2 include:

[0120] S2.1: Based on the classification characteristics, use parametric modeling methods to construct geometric models for various types of equipment in the station;

[0121] Conduct geometric modeling, and use parametric modeling methods to construct geometric models of various types of equipment in the station field in combination with classification characteristics. First, read the original design data, and determine the number of fields in the designed station based on the original design data. Cycle through each field in turn, and build the geometric models of the equipment according to the modeling methods of the three types of equipment; to build a point equipment model, first determine the basic parameters including the geometric insertion center point and the three-dimensional rotation matrix, and then select the point equipment standard model that matches the needs to insert the center point and perform three-dimensional rotation; to build a linear equipment model, first determine the three-dimensional center line of the equipment, and then select the standard cross-section of the equipment to stretch and connect along the three-dimensional center line of the equipment; the construction of the surface equipment model is to determine the range of each surface area of ​​the surface equipment and directly splice it into a body and then fill the internal structure, or determine the range of a single surface area through corner points, and vertically stretch the surface area with reference to the equipment height, and then intersect the stretched body with the terrain surface to determine the relative area, and build a surface equipment model based on the intersection area and the stretched body;

[0122] S2.2: Perform semantic modeling;

[0123] After completing the construction of the geometric model, the device semantic information model is used to model the device semantic information, including the modeling of the attributes of the device itself and the relationship between the devices. First, the semantic information is assigned to the device geometric model, such as the design number, material, geometric topology information, etc.; then, the relationship modeling is performed based on the relationship recorded in the original data, and recorded in the program with a custom hyperedge class; after completing all relationship modeling, a unified association matrix is ​​used to describe it. The rows and columns of this matrix represent the devices and their relationships in the station, respectively. If a device node has a hyperedge in one of the relationships, the matrix value is recorded. is 1, otherwise it is 0, which provides support for finding the influence domain for subsequent model updates. The expression is as follows:

[0124] .

[0125] The above-mentioned geometric modeling and semantic modeling are combined to realize the BIM dynamic modeling of railway yard equipment. The BIM dynamic model built based on this is not limited to a static model, but has dynamic adjustability. In addition, this method has been applied to OpenRail Designer for secondary development, and the corresponding station BIM automatic modeling function has been developed, which is adjusted through the following update method.

[0126] S3: Automatically update the BIM dynamic model of the station equipment based on the minimum impact domain. The steps of S3 include:

[0127] S3.1: Determine the trigger mechanism for model update;

[0128] S3.2: Determine the minimum impact area of ​​the update and clarify the minimum amount of equipment that needs to be updated;

[0129] S3.3: Perform update and model consistency check to determine whether the updated equipment meets the constraint conditions. If the conditions are met, output the updated station equipment BIM dynamic model.

[0130] This embodiment develops a model automatic update method based on the minimum impact domain based on the constructed BIM dynamic model. When a model change occurs and related equipment needs to be automatically updated, the model update trigger mechanism must first be determined, including geometric shape changes, attribute information modifications, or equipment type modifications; then the minimum impact domain of the update is determined to clarify the minimum amount of equipment that needs to be updated; after the equipment update is completed, a model consistency check is performed to determine whether the updated equipment meets the constraint conditions; if the conditions are met, the BIM dynamic model is output, and the update action is completed. The entire automatic update algorithm is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0131] Determine the type of update trigger mechanism: When an operation of editing and modifying equipment occurs, determine whether the operation type is geometric modification, attribute information modification, or equipment type modification. If it is a geometric modification or equipment type modification operation, delete and rebuild the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; if it is an attribute information modification, directly modify the attribute set of the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; after determining the update mechanism, delete and rebuild the modified equipment model;

[0132] Determine the minimum impact domain of the update: adopt the idea of ​​local update strategy, after the update trigger mechanism appears, determine the minimum impact scope of this update, and then update the BIM dynamic model of the associated equipment within this scope; after the equipment is modified and updated, it is necessary to obtain the association relationship of the equipment in the constructed hypergraph model, retrieve all the associated equipment of the equipment through the association matrix constructed in S2.2, and then delete the equipment model that needs to be rebuilt by the BIM dynamic model, and update all the associated equipment based on the updated modified equipment and the association relationship type;

[0133] After the first update is completed, new devices will be updated. At this time, the new impact domain range of the changed devices needs to be determined, and then all affected devices are updated and rebuilt according to the association relationship until there are no devices in the latest impact domain that need to be updated;

[0134] Perform consistency check: After the update is completed, the dynamics of all devices in the update domain are updated, and all related BIM dynamic models and their associated relationship models are rebuilt according to the new design parameters and design constraints; the rebuilt BIM dynamic model and the associated relationship model are tested for consistency, including geometric shape detection, constraint relationship detection and attribute set information detection; after the detection is satisfied, the update action is completed and the latest model is output. This update method has also been implemented in OpenRail Designer.

[0135] Table 1 Equipment quantity of a station and corresponding BIM dynamic model building time

[0136]

[0137] According to the original design data of the scheme, the BIM dynamic modeling and updating program of railway yard equipment developed based on the method proposed in this embodiment can automatically build the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, part (a) shows the overall modeling effect of the station, part (b) shows the modeling effect of the platform, part (c) shows the modeling effect of the throat area, and part (d) shows the modeling effect of the turnout. The construction of the BIM dynamic model of the entire station equipment can be completed within a few minutes. The entire modeling time is shown in Table 1. Compared with the manual working time in days, the modeling speed is greatly improved.

[0138] To verify the effectiveness of the update method, the update is performed by moving the starting point of a track in the station and adjusting the line spacing between the two tracks. The update diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, (a) represents the state before the update, (b) represents the state after the update, and CK is the mileage number, which is set according to the requirements. After the update is performed by the method proposed in this embodiment, the BIM dynamic model parameters of the relevant equipment before and after the update are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, (a) represents the parameter state before updating, (b) represents the parameter state after updating, and the entire updating time is shown in Table 2.

[0139] Table 2 Device time corresponding to automatic update and overall deletion and reconstruction

[0140]

[0141] The above applications can prove the effectiveness and practicability of the method proposed in this embodiment.

[0142] The above effects of this embodiment are summarized as follows:

[0143] (1) The method of this embodiment analyzes and classifies railway yard equipment, summarizes the association relationship between equipment, and finally accurately describes the association relationship between equipment based on the tree structure and hypergraph, and finally constructs a semantic information model of the yard equipment. Based on the above semantic information model, a BIM dynamic modeling method for railway yard equipment is developed, which realizes the automatic construction of the BIM dynamic model of the yard equipment.

[0144] (2) A model update algorithm based on the minimum impact domain is proposed. After completing the automatic BIM modeling, if a change operation occurs, the minimum impact range can be automatically calculated, and the equipment within the range can be deleted and rebuilt. Based on the above theory, the functional requirements proposed in the theory can be successfully completed, greatly improving the design efficiency of designers.

[0145] This embodiment further discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the BIM dynamic modeling method for railway yard equipment described above in this embodiment is implemented.

[0146] This embodiment also discloses an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the BIM dynamic modeling method for railway yard equipment as described above in this embodiment by executing the executable instructions.

[0147] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM dynamic modeling method for railway yard equipment, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Constructing the semantic information model of station equipment, including: Divide the hierarchical structure into fields, devices and sub-devices; Classify station equipment into point, line and surface types; Acquire association relationships between devices, wherein the association relationships include hierarchical relationships, connection relationships, reference relationships, cross relationships, attribute information relationships, and combination relationships; Describe the relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics; Obtain a semantic information model of station equipment that combines hierarchical structure, equipment classification and association relationship; S2: Obtain the original design data of the station, and perform BIM modeling based on the semantic information model of the station equipment to obtain the BIM dynamic model of the station equipment; S3: Automatically update the BIM dynamic model of the station equipment based on the minimum impact domain, specifically: determine the model update trigger mechanism; determine the minimum impact domain of the update, and clarify the minimum amount of equipment that needs to be updated; perform update and model consistency detection to determine whether the updated equipment meets the constraint conditions, and output the updated station equipment BIM dynamic model if the conditions are met; The specific relationship is: Hierarchical relationship: A hierarchical relationship means that a series of low-level devices together constitute a high-level device. At the same time, various attribute parameters in the high-level device will also affect the BIM dynamic model of the low-level device. The constraints of the hierarchical relationship satisfy that the low-level device is affected by the high-level device, the low-level device belongs to the high-level device, and the high-level device is composed of a series of low-level devices. The expression is as follows: s.t.F HL ={F LLi |i=1,2,...,n}; In the formula: st represents the constraint condition; F LLi is the i-th low-level device; F HL is a high-level device; n represents the number of low-level devices; Reference relationship: Reference relationship means that the spatial position of a device or sub-device is a reference for another device or sub-device when it is designed. The limit constraints between devices in three-dimensional space need to be considered, including: the generation of the target point of the reference device is affected by the parameters of the referenced device, including coordinates, azimuth, design elevation, radius, transition curve and limit distance, and the plane distance and vertical height difference between the reference point and the referenced point meet the limit distance; its expression is as follows: s.t.D HC =|P RR P RRd |≥D HLim ; s.t.ΔH=|H RR -H RRd |≥D VLim ; Where: P RR is the target point of the reference device; P RRd D is the reference point of the referenced equipment; HC P RR With P RRd The plane distance between HLim is the plane limit distance; ΔH is P RR With P RRd The height difference between RR P RR The height of RRd P RRd The elevation of VLim It is the vertical height difference limit; Connection relationship, which indicates the physical or logical connection between multiple devices or sub-devices, is used to express the relationship between the geometric shapes of the devices, including: the connection point of the connecting device is affected by the design parameters of the connected device; the plane coordinates and design elevation of the connecting device and the connected device at the connection point are the same, and the model angles are equal; the plane curvature and longitudinal slope of the linear connection are equal to ensure the smoothness of the connection; the connection point cannot be located in the connection restricted area; the expression of the connection relationship is as follows: s.t.N CR =N CRd ,E CR =E CRd ,H CR =H CRd ; s.t.f′ C (N CR ,E CR )=f C (N CRd ,E CRd ); s.t.f″ C (N CR ,E CR )=f″ C (N CRd ,E CRd ); s.t.f′ C (H CR )=f″ C (H CR ); Where: P CR RA is the connection point for connecting equipment; R To connect the restricted area; N CR is the latitude of the connection point of the connecting device, E CR N is the distance between the connection points of the connected equipment; CRd The latitude of the connection point of the connected device, E CRd H is the distance between the connection points of the connected equipment; CR H is the height of the connected device. CRd is the height of the connected device; f' C () is the plane connection angle or the vertical slope generation function; f″ C () is the plane connection curvature generating function; Intersection relationship: Intersection relationship means that multiple devices or sub-devices intersect in space. Clearance conditions and intersection angle constraints need to be considered. Specifically, the intersection angle between two devices must meet the restricted intersection angle, and the elevation difference at the intersection point must meet the clearance condition. The expression is as follows: s.t.ΔH=|H IR -H IRd |≥D VLim ; Where: A In is the intersection angle; V IR V is the vector at the intersection of the planes of the cross device; IRd A is the vector at the intersection of the planes of the crossed devices; Lim To limit the intersection angle; Attribute relationship: Attribute relationship means that the attribute information of a device or a sub-device is affected by the attribute information of another device or a sub-device; Combination relationship: Combination relationship indicates the aggregation of the same type of equipment at the same level, which is used to meet the needs of specific professions. A single device belongs to the combined overall device, which includes all single devices of the same type. The expression is as follows: s.t.F CRd1 ∈F CR ,F CRd2 ∈F CR ,...,F CRdn ∈F CR ; Where: F CRd1 、F CRd2 、···、F CRdn For the equipment in the combination relationship, F CR It is the component equipment in the combination relationship.

2. A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Equipment whose geometric position is described by specific three-dimensional coordinate points and three-dimensional rotation angles is defined as point equipment, which includes turnouts, warning signs, signal machines and car stops, and is described by a set of equipment models with certain positions, angles and standards; Equipment with a three-dimensional geometric centerline and corresponding cross-section is defined as linear equipment, which includes tracks, walls and drains, expressed in three-dimensional centerlines and standard cross-sections; Equipment surrounded by multiple surface areas is defined as surface equipment, which includes platforms, flat aisles and yards, and is uniformly described by the surface range of the top and bottom surfaces of the equipment and the equipment height.

3. A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps to describe the relationship between devices based on hypergraph semantics are: Through hypergraph semantics, each device is described as a point set V = {v1, v2, ..., v i },v i Represents the device; the relationship between each device is described as the hyperedge E = {e1, e2, ..., e j },e j It represents the association relationship between devices; the point set and the hyperedge work together to form a hypergraph model G = {V, E}; for the combination relationship, the signal equipment and signal system between different fields connected by the hyperedge representing the combination relationship are expressed; the different signal equipment in each field is aggregated into a signal system that plays a role in signal transmission in the entire station field.

4. A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of S2 include: S2.1: Use parametric modeling methods to construct geometric models of various equipment in the station based on classification characteristics; According to the original design data, the number of fields in the design station is determined, and each field is cycled in turn. The geometric models of the equipment are constructed according to the modeling methods of the three types of equipment. To construct a point-shaped equipment model, the basic parameters including the geometric insertion center point and the three-dimensional rotation matrix must be determined first, and then the center point is inserted by selecting the point-shaped equipment standard model that matches the requirements and three-dimensionally rotated. To construct a linear equipment model, the three-dimensional center line of the equipment must be determined first, and then the standard cross section of the equipment is selected to stretch and connect along the three-dimensional center line of the equipment. The construction of the surface equipment model is to determine the range of each surface area of ​​the surface equipment and directly splice it into a body and then fill the internal structure, or determine the range of a single surface area by corner points, and vertically stretch the surface area with reference to the equipment height, and then intersect the stretched body with the terrain surface to determine the relative area, and build a surface equipment model based on the intersection area and the stretched body. S2.2: Perform semantic modeling; After the geometric model is built, the device semantic information model is used to model the device semantic information, including the attributes of the device itself and the relationship between the devices. First, the semantic information is given to the device geometric model. Then, the relationship modeling is performed based on the relationship recorded in the original data, and recorded in the program with a custom hyperedge class. After all the relationship modeling is completed, a unified association matrix I is used. i,j To describe this, the rows and columns of this matrix represent the equipment and association relationships in the station field. If a device node has a hyperedge in one of the relationships, the matrix value I is recorded. i,j is 1, otherwise it is 0. The expression is as follows:

5. A railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: Determine the type of update trigger mechanism: When an operation of editing and modifying equipment occurs, determine whether the operation type is geometric modification, attribute information modification, or equipment type modification. If it is a geometric modification or equipment type modification operation, delete and rebuild the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; if it is an attribute information modification, directly modify the attribute set of the BIM dynamic model of the equipment; after determining the update mechanism, delete and rebuild the modified equipment model; Determine the minimum impact domain of the update: adopt the idea of ​​local update strategy, after the update trigger mechanism appears, determine the minimum impact scope of this update, and then update the BIM dynamic model of the associated equipment within this scope; after the equipment is modified and updated, it is necessary to obtain the association relationship of the equipment in the constructed hypergraph model, retrieve all the associated equipment of the equipment through the association matrix constructed in S2.2, and then delete the equipment model that needs to be rebuilt by the BIM dynamic model, and update all the associated equipment based on the updated modified equipment and the association relationship type; After the first update is completed, new devices will be updated. At this time, the new impact domain range of the changed devices needs to be determined, and then all affected devices are updated and rebuilt according to the association relationship until there are no devices in the latest impact domain that need to be updated; Perform consistency check: After the update is completed, the dynamics of all devices within the update domain are updated, and all relevant BIM dynamic models and their associated relationship models are rebuilt according to the new design parameters and design constraints; the reconstructed BIM dynamic model and the associated relationship model are tested for consistency, including geometric shape detection, constraint relationship detection and attribute set information detection; after satisfying the detection requirements, the update action is completed and the latest model is output.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the railway yard equipment BIM dynamic modeling method as described in any one of claims 1-5 by executing the executable instructions.

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