High-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit virtual training method and system based on PLC and HMI

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual training method and system for a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and an HMI (Human Machine Interface), and relates to the technical field of power system training. The virtual elements are connected according to an actual wiring mode to form a circuit system capable of simulating the secondary loop function of the circuit breaker; performing action control on the virtual element by adopting a programmable logic controller (PLC); designing a picture for monitoring the state of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on a human-machine interface (HMI), and constructing a fault injection system; based on a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a human-machine interface (HMI), virtual training of the secondary circuit of the high-voltage circuit breaker is completed. According to the invention, the virtual elements are arranged on the experimental circuit board and are connected according to an actual wiring mode, so that a circuit system capable of simulating an actual circuit breaker secondary circuit function is constructed, and the training cost and the safety risk are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power system training, in particular to a virtual training method and system for secondary circuits of high-voltage circuit breakers based on PLC and HMI. Background Art

[0002] The complexity and importance of the secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breakers place high demands on power system operators and maintenance personnel. Traditional training methods mainly rely on theoretical learning and practical operation experience accumulation. It usually takes 2-3 years for new employees to fully master the knowledge of secondary circuits and handle faults independently. This long-term training method is difficult to meet the needs of power companies for the rapid training of qualified talents, and it also increases human resource costs.

[0003] The existing technology has the following major problems: first, actual equipment operation training has safety risks and high costs, and is not suitable for frequent practice by novices; second, pure theoretical learning lacks practicality, making it difficult for trainees to deeply understand the working principle of the secondary circuit and fault handling methods; third, traditional simulation training equipment has a single function and is difficult to simulate complex fault scenarios, which cannot meet comprehensive training needs; finally, the lack of interactivity and instant feedback mechanism is not conducive to trainees quickly mastering knowledge points and improving fault diagnosis capabilities. These problems lead to unsatisfactory training results and difficulty in quickly adapting to work needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems that the existing circuit breaker secondary circuit training method has potential safety hazards and poor training effect, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to use PLC and HMI technology to build a safe and efficient virtual training environment for secondary circuits of circuit breakers to improve the professional skills of maintenance personnel.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual training method for a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI, which includes arranging virtual components corresponding to the actual secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on an experimental circuit board; connecting the virtual components according to the actual wiring method to form a circuit system that can simulate the function of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker; using a programmable controller PLC to control the action of the virtual components to simulate the key state parameters of the circuit breaker; designing a screen for monitoring the state of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on the human-machine interface HMI, and building a fault injection system, which is used to simulate various types of secondary circuit faults; based on the programmable controller PLC and the human-machine interface HMI, completing the virtual training of the secondary circuit of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for the secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, the formation of a circuit system that can simulate the function of the secondary circuit of a circuit breaker includes the following steps: dividing the functional area of ​​the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on the experimental circuit board; placing virtual components in the functional area and connecting them with wires of different colors to identify each functional circuit; adopting a modular design to divide the functional circuit into multiple independent functional units; selecting corresponding connection components to connect the virtual components according to the hierarchical relationship of the independent functional units; setting test terminals and programmable resistor networks at key nodes of the independent functional units; connecting the independent functional units with the PLC and HMI through a bus to form a circuit system that can simulate the function of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, wherein: using programmable controller PLC to control the action of the virtual component includes the following steps: establishing a data structure corresponding to the virtual component on the experimental circuit board in the PLC; setting an energy storage control unit, a closing control unit and an opening control unit in the PLC program to monitor and control the action state of the virtual component; configuring a PLC timer to simulate the energy storage process and the opening and closing action timing of the circuit breaker; reading the resistance value of the programmable resistor network through the PLC program, and converting the resistance value into the SF6 pressure state of the circuit breaker; receiving the pulse signal of the simulated energy storage motor when running through the PLC program to judge the energy storage state; allocating data registers of key state parameters of the circuit breaker in the PLC, and the data registers are used to store the key state parameters of the circuit breaker; writing a PLC data processing subroutine to convert the virtual component state variables into key state parameters of the circuit breaker and write them into the corresponding data registers; configuring the communication protocol parameters between the PLC and the HMI to establish a data transmission channel for the key state parameters of the circuit breaker.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, wherein: setting the energy storage control unit, closing control unit and opening control unit in the PLC program includes creating an energy storage control unit, closing control unit and opening control unit; setting the energy storage completion judgment condition in the energy storage control unit, and judging the energy storage state according to the running time of the energy storage motor or the position switch state of the energy storage mechanism; setting the closing interlocking condition in the closing control unit, and taking the energy storage completion signal and the locking condition as the input parameters of the closing operation; setting the emergency opening function in the opening control unit, and taking the emergency opening signal as the input parameter with the highest priority; designing the interaction logic between the energy storage control unit, the closing control unit and the opening control unit, and defining the sequence and interlocking relationship of the energy storage, closing and opening operations; integrating a fault detection algorithm in each control unit to identify the abnormal state of the corresponding virtual component and generate an alarm signal.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, wherein: converting the resistance value into the SF6 pressure state of the circuit breaker includes: collecting the resistance value signal of the programmable resistor network and filtering it; establishing a first correspondence table between the resistance value and the SF6 pressure, mapping the resistance value range to the corresponding SF6 pressure level; according to the first correspondence table, converting the filtered resistance value into the SF6 pressure value; setting the SF6 pressure alarm threshold, and generating an alarm signal when the converted SF6 pressure value is lower than the preset threshold; writing an SF6 pressure trend analysis program, calculating the SF6 pressure change rate and predicting potential leakage; integrating a self-diagnosis module in the PLC program, regularly checking the validity of the resistance value signal, and generating a sensor fault alarm signal if an abnormal signal is detected.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for the secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, wherein: designing a screen for monitoring the status of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on the human-machine interface HMI includes: creating a main screen on the HMI, dividing the main screen into a circuit breaker status display area, a virtual component action area, a parameter monitoring area and an operation control area; drawing a schematic diagram of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker in the circuit breaker status display area, marking key nodes and functional units; setting a graphic component corresponding to the virtual component on the experimental circuit board in the virtual component action area; establishing a data link between the graphic component and the corresponding virtual component state variable in the PLC, and updating the virtual component state in real time; setting a numerical display box and a trend chart in the parameter monitoring area; setting a virtual button in the operation control area, and establishing a data link between the virtual button and the corresponding control variable in the PLC; designing a dynamic color change scheme, and the graphic component presents corresponding color changes according to different states of the virtual component.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI described in the present invention, the key state parameters of the circuit breaker include the energy storage state of the circuit breaker, the SF6 pressure state, the energy storage motor, the action state of the closing coil and the opening coil.

[0014] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit simulation training system based on PLC and HMI, which includes a virtual component layout module, which is used to arrange virtual components corresponding to the actual circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board; a virtual component connection module, which is used to connect the virtual components according to the actual wiring method to form a circuit system that can simulate the function of the circuit breaker secondary circuit; an action control module, which is used to use a programmable controller PLC to control the action of the virtual components and simulate the key state parameters of the circuit breaker; an interface design module, which is used to design a screen for monitoring the state of the circuit breaker secondary circuit on the human-machine interface HMI, and to build a fault injection system, which is used to simulate various types of secondary circuit faults; an execution module, which is used to complete the virtual training of the high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit based on the programmable controller PLC and the human-machine interface HMI.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit virtual training method based on PLC and HMI as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit virtual training method based on PLC and HMI as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging virtual components on an experimental circuit board and connecting them in an actual wiring manner, the present invention constructs a circuit system that can simulate the secondary circuit function of an actual circuit breaker, thereby reducing training costs and safety risks. The combination of PLC and HMI not only achieves precise control and real-time monitoring of virtual components, but also provides an intuitive operating interface, effectively improving the interactivity and practicality of training. By constructing a fault injection system, the present invention can simulate various types of secondary circuit faults, provide trainees with rich fault diagnosis and handling experience, and significantly enhance the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 The framework flow chart of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI.

[0020] Figure 2 The control schematic diagram of the virtual training method for the secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI.

[0021] Figure 3 A flow chart is constructed for a circuit system that can simulate the functions of a circuit breaker secondary circuit for a virtual training method of a high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit based on PLC and HMI.

[0022] Figure 4 Computer equipment diagram for virtual training method of secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a virtual training method for a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI, comprising:

[0028] S1: Arrange virtual components corresponding to the actual circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board.

[0029] Preferably, the virtual elements include an air switch, a switching knob, an opening and closing button, an energy storage motor, and a relay.

[0030] It should be noted that since the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker involves key functions such as circuit breaker energy storage state control, closing / opening action, etc., the above virtual components are selected to simulate the key components of the actual circuit breaker and their action characteristics. And the experimental circuit board used in the present invention is a perforated board.

[0031] S2: Connecting the virtual components according to the actual wiring method to form a circuit system that can simulate the secondary circuit function of the circuit breaker.

[0032] S2.1: Divide the functional areas of the circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board.

[0033] It should be noted that the functional areas include a control power supply area, an energy storage area, a closing and opening control area, and a signal feedback area.

[0034] S2.2: Place virtual components in the functional area and connect them with wires of different colors to identify each functional circuit.

[0035] S2.3: Adopt modular design to divide the functional loop into multiple functional units.

[0036] Specifically, the independent functional unit includes a control power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a closing unit, an opening unit, an SF6 pressure monitoring unit and a state feedback unit.

[0037] S2.4: According to the hierarchical relationship of the independent functional units, select corresponding connection components to connect the virtual elements.

[0038] Specifically, a quick connector is used inside each functional unit to connect the virtual components; and a detachable connector is used to connect between the functional units.

[0039] It should be noted that the quick connector is used to improve the assembly efficiency and flexibility inside the functional unit; the detachable connector facilitates unit-level fault simulation and maintenance.

[0040] S2.5: Setting test terminals and programmable resistor networks at key nodes of the functional unit.

[0041] Specifically, the programmable resistor network is used to simulate various contact states of the circuit breaker; the test terminals are used to connect external measuring instruments to perform voltage, current and signal measurements.

[0042] It should be noted that the test terminal can also be used as an access point for fault simulation to inject fault signals at specific nodes to facilitate fault diagnosis and analysis.

[0043] S2.6: Connect the independent functional unit with the PLC and HMI via a bus to form a circuit system that can simulate the secondary circuit function of the circuit breaker.

[0044] S3: Using a programmable controller PLC to control the actions of the virtual components and simulate key state parameters of the circuit breaker.

[0045] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0046] S3.1: Create a data structure in the PLC that corresponds to the virtual components on the experimental circuit board.

[0047] Among them, the data structure includes the state variables of the air switch, switching knob, opening and closing buttons, energy storage motor and relay.

[0048] S3.2: An energy storage control unit, a closing control unit and an opening control unit are set in the PLC program to monitor and control the action status of the virtual element.

[0049] Preferably, an energy storage control unit is created in the PLC program, including energy storage motor control logic and energy storage status monitoring function; energy storage completion judgment conditions are set in the energy storage control unit, and the energy storage status is judged according to the energy storage motor running time or the energy storage mechanism position switch status; a closing control unit is created in the PLC program, including closing coil control logic and closing status monitoring function; closing interlocking conditions are set in the closing control unit, and energy storage completion signal and locking conditions are used as input parameters for closing operation; an opening control unit is created in the PLC program, including opening coil control logic and opening status monitoring function; an emergency opening function is set in the opening control unit, and the emergency opening signal is used as the input parameter with the highest priority; the interaction logic between the three control units is designed to define the sequence and interlocking relationship of energy storage, closing and opening operations; a fault detection algorithm is integrated in each control unit to identify the abnormal state of the corresponding virtual component and generate an alarm signal; a data communication interface between the control unit and the human-machine interface HMI is constructed, and the data communication interface is used to receive operation instructions sent by the HMI and transmit the status information of the control unit to the HMI; and the operation mode switching logic is set in the PLC program.

[0050] Specifically, the operation mode switching logic includes: if the data communication interface receives a manual operation instruction, the PLC control logic is switched to the manual operation mode; if a manual operation completion signal is detected or an automatic control recovery instruction is received, the PLC control logic is switched to the automatic control mode.

[0051] Preferably, this step realizes highly integrated and intelligent switch operation control by setting three independent but interrelated control units of energy storage, closing and opening in the PLC program. This design not only improves the reliability and safety of the system, but also enhances the flexibility of operation. In particular, by setting the energy storage completion judgment conditions, closing interlocking conditions and emergency opening functions, the system can control the switch action more accurately and effectively prevent misoperation and equipment damage. At the same time, the integrated fault detection algorithm and HMI communication interface enhance the real-time monitoring capability and human-computer interaction effect of the system, enabling operators to respond to various operating conditions more quickly and accurately, thereby significantly improving the operating efficiency and safety of the switchgear.

[0052] S3.3: Configure the PLC timer to simulate the circuit breaker energy storage process and the opening and closing action sequence.

[0053] S3.4: Read the resistance value of the programmable resistor network through the PLC program, and convert the resistance value into the circuit breaker SF6 pressure state.

[0054] Specifically, a PLC analog input module is configured to collect the resistance value signal of the programmable resistor network; a sampling period is set in the PLC program to read the data of the analog input module at regular intervals; the collected resistance value signal is filtered; a first correspondence table between resistance value and SF6 pressure is established to map resistance values ​​in different ranges to corresponding SF6 pressure levels; according to the first correspondence table, the filtered resistance value is converted into an SF6 pressure value; an SF6 pressure alarm threshold is set, and an alarm signal is generated when the converted SF6 pressure value is lower than the preset threshold; the converted SF6 pressure value is stored in the PLC data register; an SF6 pressure trend analysis program is written to calculate the SF6 pressure change rate and predict possible leakage; a data calibration function is set to allow the actual measured SF6 pressure value to be input through the HMI to automatically adjust the correspondence between the resistance value and the SF6 pressure; a self-diagnosis module is integrated in the PLC program to regularly check the validity of the resistance value signal, and if an abnormal signal is detected, a sensor fault alarm signal is generated.

[0055] S3.5: Receive the pulse signal of the simulated energy storage motor when running through the PLC program to determine the energy storage state.

[0056] Specifically, a PLC high-speed counter module is configured to receive the pulse signal generated when the simulated energy storage motor is running; a counter variable is initialized in the PLC program to accumulate the number of pulse signals; a trigger threshold of the pulse signal is set to determine the identification standard of the effective pulse; a pulse counting program is written, and when a pulse signal exceeding the trigger threshold is received, the counter variable is incremented; a second correspondence table between the number of pulses and the energy storage progress is established, and the number of pulses in different ranges is mapped to the corresponding energy storage progress percentage; according to the second correspondence table, the accumulated number of pulses is converted into an energy storage progress value; an energy storage completion judgment condition is set, and when the energy storage progress value reaches a preset threshold, an energy storage completion signal is generated; an energy storage time monitoring program is written to record the time from the start of energy storage to the completion of energy storage, which is used to evaluate the energy storage efficiency; an abnormality detection logic is set, and when the energy storage time exceeds the preset maximum value or the pulse signal is abnormal, an energy storage fault alarm is generated; an energy storage state reset module is set in the PLC program, allowing the counter variable to be cleared and the energy storage process to be restarted when the first condition is met.

[0057] The first condition includes receiving a manual reset instruction, detecting that the physical position of the energy storage mechanism returns to an initial state, system power-on initialization, and automatic reset after fault recovery.

[0058] Preferably, this step accurately monitors the operating status of the energy storage motor through the PLC program, realizing real-time and accurate control of the energy storage process. The high-speed counter module is used to receive the pulse signal, and the corresponding relationship between the number of pulses and the energy storage progress is established, so that the system can dynamically and accurately calculate the energy storage progress. This method not only improves the accuracy of energy storage control, but also enhances the reliability of the system. In particular, the abnormal detection logic and energy storage status reset module can timely detect and handle abnormal situations in the energy storage process, effectively preventing equipment damage.

[0059] S3.6: Allocate data registers of key state parameters of the circuit breaker in the PLC, wherein the data registers are used to store the key state parameters of the circuit breaker.

[0060] Among them, the key status parameters of the circuit breaker include the energy storage status of the circuit breaker, the SF6 pressure status, the energy storage motor, the operation status of the closing coil and the opening coil.

[0061] S3.7: Write a PLC data processing subroutine to convert the virtual component state variables into key state parameters of the circuit breaker and write them into the corresponding data registers.

[0062] S3.8: Configure the communication protocol parameters between the PLC and the HMI, and establish a data transmission channel for the key status parameters of the circuit breaker.

[0063] S4: Design a screen on the human-machine interface (HMI) to monitor the status of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker and build a fault injection system.

[0064] Specifically, a main screen is created on the HMI, and the screen is divided into a circuit breaker status display area, a virtual component action area, a parameter monitoring area and an operation control area; a circuit breaker secondary circuit diagram is drawn in the circuit breaker status display area, and key nodes and functional units are marked; a graphic component corresponding to the virtual component on the experimental circuit board is set in the virtual component action area, and the graphic component includes a switch, a button and an indicator light; a data link is established between the graphic component and the corresponding virtual component state variable in the PLC, and the virtual component state is updated in real time; a numerical display box and a trend chart for displaying key state parameters of the circuit breaker are set in the parameter monitoring area; a virtual button for simulating circuit breaker operation is set in the operation control area, and a data link is established between the virtual button and the corresponding control variable in the PLC; a dynamic color change scheme is designed, and the graphic component presents corresponding color changes according to different states of the virtual component; an alarm information display bar is added at the top of the main screen to display abnormal states and fault information of the circuit breaker in real time.

[0065] Furthermore, a fault injection module is created on the HMI main screen, wherein the fault injection module includes a fault type selection area, a fault parameter setting area and a fault activation button; a plurality of selection controls are configured in the fault type selection area, and the selection controls correspond to preset secondary circuit fault types; a parameter adjustment control is configured in the fault parameter setting area, and the parameter adjustment control is used to set the severity and duration of the fault; a data communication link is established between the fault injection module and the virtual component state variables in the PLC; a fault simulation subroutine is written in the PLC program, and a fault diagnosis wizard interface is constructed on the HMI; and an expert knowledge base is integrated in the fault diagnosis wizard interface.

[0066] It should be noted that secondary circuit fault types include energy storage fault, closing fault, opening fault and SF6 pressure abnormality, etc. The fault simulation subroutine modifies the state variables or action characteristics of the corresponding virtual components according to the fault type and parameter information passed in by the HMI; the fault diagnosis wizard interface is used to display the fault phenomenon analysis process, fault cause finding steps and treatment plan formulation process.

[0067] S6: Complete virtual training on secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on programmable controller PLC and human-machine interface HMI.

[0068] Specifically, start the PLC control program and HMI monitoring interface; show the trainees the initial state of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker through the HMI monitoring screen; guide the trainees to operate the virtual circuit breaker through the HMI interface to perform basic operations such as energy storage, closing and opening; the PLC responds to the trainees' operating instructions according to the preset control logic and controls the actions of the virtual components; the key status parameters of the circuit breaker are updated and displayed in real time on the HMI monitoring screen; start the fault injection system to inject the preset secondary circuit fault into the virtual circuit breaker system; guide the trainees to observe the fault indications on the HMI interface, diagnose the fault type, and perform fault handling through virtual component operations; record the trainees' operation process and generate a training evaluation report.

[0069] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit simulation training system based on PLC and HMI, including a virtual component arrangement module, which is used to arrange virtual components corresponding to the actual circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board; a virtual component connection module, which is used to connect the virtual components according to the actual wiring method to form a circuit system that can simulate the function of the circuit breaker secondary circuit; an action control module, which is used to use a programmable controller PLC to control the action of the virtual components and simulate the key state parameters of the circuit breaker; an interface design module, which is used to design a screen for monitoring the state of the circuit breaker secondary circuit on the human-machine interface HMI, and to build a fault injection system, which is used to simulate various types of secondary circuit faults; an execution module, which is used to complete the virtual training of the high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit based on the programmable controller PLC and the human-machine interface HMI.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is suitable for the case of a virtual training method for a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI, and includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer executable instructions to implement the virtual training method for a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0071] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the method for virtual training of a secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as proposed in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0073] In summary, the present invention constructs a circuit system that can simulate the actual circuit breaker secondary circuit function by arranging virtual components on the experimental circuit board and connecting them according to the actual wiring method, which greatly reduces the training cost and safety risks. The combination of PLC and HMI not only realizes the precise control and real-time monitoring of virtual components, but also provides an intuitive operation interface, effectively improving the interactivity and practicality of the training. By constructing a fault injection system, the present invention can simulate various types of secondary circuit faults, provide trainees with rich fault diagnosis and handling experience, and significantly enhance the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the training.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, provides a virtual training method for secondary circuits of high-voltage circuit breakers based on PLC and HMI. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0076] First, the system function test was carried out. The PLC control program and HMI monitoring interface started normally, and the virtual component status was displayed correctly. The tester conducted basic operation tests through the HMI interface, including energy storage, closing and opening. After the energy storage operation was triggered, the PLC high-speed counter module received the pulse signal generated by the simulated energy storage motor. When the cumulative number of pulses reached 1000, the energy storage progress was displayed as 100%, which took 15 seconds. When the closing operation was executed, the PLC detected that the energy storage completion signal and the locking conditions were met, the closing coil state variable was set, and the corresponding graphic component on the HMI changed from gray to green, indicating that the closing was successful. The opening operation response time is 50 milliseconds, which meets the actual performance requirements of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0077] Next, a fault simulation test was conducted. The "energy storage fault" type was selected through the HMI fault injection module, and the fault parameters were set to "energy storage motor overload" with a duration of 10 minutes. After the fault was activated, the fault simulation subroutine in the PLC program modified the state variables of the energy storage motor, causing it to stop after running for 3 seconds. The energy storage progress on the HMI monitoring screen remained at 20%, and the "energy storage fault" alarm was triggered at the same time. The alarm information was displayed in the alarm bar at the top of the screen.

[0078] In the fault diagnosis training, a maintenance personnel with 2 years of work experience was simulated to handle the fault. The maintenance personnel first checked the fault phenomenon through the HMI interface, and then checked the control power supply, energy storage motor and energy storage mechanism in turn according to the prompts of the fault diagnosis wizard interface. When checking the energy storage motor, it was found that the motor current value was abnormally high, reaching 1.5 times the rated current. According to the advice of the expert knowledge base, the maintenance personnel simulated the replacement of the energy storage motor, and the fault was resolved. The entire fault diagnosis and handling process took 8 minutes, which was lower than the preset 10-minute standard.

[0079] In order to evaluate the training effect of the system, a training class consisting of 10 new maintenance personnel was organized. Each trainee conducted 5 rounds of fault handling exercises on the virtual training system in turn. In each round of exercises, the fault injection randomization unit selected different types of faults from the fault scenario library for injection. Statistical results show that the average fault handling time of the trainees in the first round of exercises was 15 minutes. By the fifth round of exercises, the average handling time was shortened to 6 minutes, and the fault diagnosis accuracy rate increased from 85% to 93%.

[0080] In the advanced training stage, the fault superposition simulation unit was enabled, and two faults, "low SF6 pressure" and "open closing coil", were injected at the same time. System records showed that only two trainees were able to correctly diagnose the double faults and take appropriate measures within the specified time. This result shows that trainees need further training and practice to handle complex fault scenarios.

[0081] After the training, the system generated a detailed training evaluation report. The report showed that all trainees' fault handling capabilities had improved significantly, with the average score increasing from 78 to 92. Among them, for the handling of common single faults, the trainees' average reaction time was shortened by 60% and the operation accuracy was improved by 25%. However, when dealing with multiple faults and some rare fault types, the trainees' performance still had room for improvement.

[0082] Preferably, the comparison indicators of the present invention and the traditional method are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1 Comparison index table of the present invention and the traditional method

[0084] Comparison indicators The present invention Traditional methods Training cycle 7 days 14 days Fault diagnosis accuracy (%) 93％ 85％ Average response time 60% shorter Benchmarks Operation accuracy 25% improvement Benchmarks Average score 92 85

[0085] It can be seen from Table 1 that the method of the present invention significantly improves the trainees' fault diagnosis accuracy, reaction speed, operation accuracy and overall performance while shortening the training period.

[0086] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A virtual training method for secondary circuits of high-voltage circuit breakers based on PLC and HMI, characterized by: include, Arrange virtual components corresponding to the secondary circuit of the actual circuit breaker on the experimental circuit board; Connect the virtual components according to the actual wiring method to form a circuit system that can simulate the function of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker; A programmable controller (PLC) is used to control the actions of the virtual components and simulate key state parameters of the circuit breaker; Design a screen on the human-machine interface HMI for monitoring the status of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker, and build a fault injection system for simulating various secondary circuit faults; Based on the programmable controller PLC and human-machine interface HMI, complete the virtual training of the secondary circuit of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

2. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit system for simulating the secondary circuit function of a circuit breaker comprises the following steps: Divide the functional areas of the circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board; Placing virtual components in the functional area and connecting them with wires of different colors to identify each functional circuit; A modular design is adopted to divide the functional circuit into a plurality of independent functional units; According to the hierarchical relationship of the independent functional units, a corresponding connection component is selected to connect the virtual element; Setting test terminals and programmable resistor networks at key nodes of the independent functional units; The independent functional unit is connected with the PLC and the HMI via a bus to form a circuit system that can simulate the secondary circuit function of the circuit breaker.

3. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The use of a programmable controller (PLC) to control the motion of the virtual element comprises the following steps: Establish a data structure in the PLC corresponding to the virtual components on the experimental circuit board; An energy storage control unit, a closing control unit and an opening control unit are set in the PLC program to monitor and control the action state of the virtual element; Configure PLC timer to simulate circuit breaker energy storage process and opening and closing action sequence; Reading the resistance value of the programmable resistor network through the PLC program and converting the resistance value into the circuit breaker SF6 pressure state; Receive the pulse signal of the simulated energy storage motor when it is running through the PLC program to determine the energy storage state; Allocating data registers of key state parameters of the circuit breaker in the PLC, wherein the data registers are used to store the key state parameters of the circuit breaker; Write a PLC data processing subroutine to convert the virtual component state variables into key state parameters of the circuit breaker and write them into the corresponding data registers; Configure the communication protocol parameters between the PLC and the HMI, and establish a data transmission channel for the key status parameters of the circuit breaker.

4. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The energy storage control unit, the closing control unit and the opening control unit are arranged in the PLC program, including: Create energy storage control unit, closing control unit and opening control unit; The energy storage completion judgment condition is set in the energy storage control unit, and the energy storage state is judged according to the running time of the energy storage motor or the position switch state of the energy storage mechanism; Setting a closing interlocking condition in the closing control unit, and using the energy storage completion signal and the interlocking condition as input parameters for the closing operation; An emergency trip function is set in the trip control unit, and an emergency trip signal is used as the input parameter with the highest priority; Design the interaction logic between the energy storage control unit, closing control unit and opening control unit, and define the sequence and interlocking relationship of energy storage, closing and opening operations; A fault detection algorithm is integrated in each control unit to identify the abnormal status of the corresponding virtual component and generate an alarm signal.

5. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The converting the resistance value into the circuit breaker SF6 pressure state comprises: Collect the resistance value signal of the programmable resistor network and perform filtering processing; Establishing a first correspondence table between resistance value and SF6 pressure, mapping the resistance value range to the corresponding SF6 pressure level; According to the first correspondence table, the filtered resistance value is converted into a SF6 pressure value; Set the SF6 pressure alarm threshold. When the converted SF6 pressure value is lower than the preset threshold, an alarm signal is generated. Write SF6 pressure trend analysis program to calculate SF6 pressure change rate and predict potential leakage; A self-diagnosis module is integrated into the PLC program to regularly check the validity of the resistance value signal. If an abnormal signal is detected, a sensor fault alarm signal is generated.

6. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The screen designed on the human-machine interface HMI for monitoring the status of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker includes: Creating a main screen on the HMI, dividing the main screen into a circuit breaker status display area, a virtual component action area, a parameter monitoring area, and an operation control area; Draw a schematic diagram of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker in the circuit breaker status display area, marking key nodes and functional units; Setting a graphic component corresponding to the virtual component on the experimental circuit board in the virtual component action area; Establishing a data link between the graphic component and the corresponding virtual component state variable in the PLC to update the virtual component state in real time; Setting a numerical display box and a trend graph in the parameter monitoring area; Setting a virtual button in the operation control area and establishing a data link between the virtual button and a corresponding control variable in the PLC; A dynamic color change scheme is designed, and the graphic component presents corresponding color changes according to different states of the virtual element.

7. The virtual training method for secondary circuit of high voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The key state parameters of the circuit breaker include the energy storage state of the circuit breaker, the SF6 pressure state, the action state of the energy storage motor, the closing coil and the opening coil.

8. A high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit simulation training system based on PLC and HMI, based on the high-voltage circuit breaker secondary circuit virtual training method based on PLC and HMI according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes, A virtual component arrangement module is used to arrange virtual components corresponding to the actual circuit breaker secondary circuit on the experimental circuit board; A virtual element connection module, used to connect the virtual elements according to the actual wiring mode to form a circuit system that can simulate the secondary circuit function of the circuit breaker; An action control module, used to control the action of the virtual element by using a programmable controller PLC, and simulate key state parameters of the circuit breaker; An interface design module is used to design a screen for monitoring the status of the secondary circuit of the circuit breaker on the human-machine interface HMI and to build a fault injection system, wherein the fault injection system is used to simulate various secondary circuit faults; The execution module is used to complete the virtual training of the secondary circuit of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the programmable controller PLC and the human-machine interface HMI.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the virtual training method for secondary circuit of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on PLC and HMI as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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