Energy storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of equipment heat dissipation, and discloses energy storage equipment. The energy storage equipment comprises a box body, a battery module and a shunting piece, the box body is provided with a liquid cooling space, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is used for receiving cooling liquid, and the liquid outlet is used for discharging the cooling liquid. The battery module is accommodated in the liquid cooling space, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells and a confluence piece for connecting the plurality of battery cells together, and the orientation of each battery cell is vertical to the first direction, so that the confluence piece is parallel to the first direction. The flow dividing part is arranged in the liquid cooling space, the flow dividing part comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the second surface faces the battery module, and the flow dividing part is provided with an opening communicated with the liquid inlet and a flow channel communicated with the opening and located between the first surface and the second surface; and a trench recessed from the second surface toward the first surface. According to the energy storage equipment provided by the invention, effective heat dissipation of the energy storage equipment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of device heat dissipation, and in particular to an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, the amount of electricity converted by various power generation devices is increasing, and the application of energy storage equipment is becoming more and more extensive. The abundant electricity converted by various power generation devices can be stored through energy storage equipment so that it can be output at any time. As the capacity of energy storage equipment continues to increase, the heat generated by energy storage equipment during operation is also increasing.

[0003] The temperature of the energy storage device during operation will affect the working efficiency of the energy storage device. At the same time, too high a temperature is not conducive to ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage device. Therefore, how to achieve effective heat dissipation of the energy storage device is an important issue. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an energy storage device that can facilitate effective heat dissipation of the energy storage device.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a box, a battery module and a diverter. The box has a liquid cooling space, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is used to receive the coolant, and the liquid outlet is used to discharge the coolant. The battery module is accommodated in the liquid cooling space, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and a busbar that connects the plurality of battery cells together, and the orientation of each battery cell is perpendicular to the first direction so that the busbar is parallel to the first direction. The diverter is arranged in the liquid cooling space, the diverter includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, the second surface faces the battery module, the diverter is provided with an opening connected to the liquid inlet, a flow channel connected to the opening and located between the first surface and the second surface, and a groove recessed from the second surface toward the first surface, the groove at least passes through a portion of the flow channel and is connected to the flow channel.

[0006] The energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application provides a basis for immersion liquid cooling of the battery module through the internal space provided by the box body, and the battery module can be placed in the liquid cooling space of the box body. In addition, the orientation of the battery cells in the battery module is perpendicular to the first direction, that is, they are arranged in a side-by-side manner. At the same time, the shunt and the battery module are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the shunt can receive the coolant input from the liquid inlet of the box body and make the coolant flow along the first direction. Thereby, the flow direction of the coolant is parallel to the plane where the conduit is located. The conduit is located on the flow path of the coolant and can fully contact the coolant, so that the heat of the battery cell pole part and the part close to the pole can be taken away in time and effectively, thereby realizing effective heat dissipation of the energy storage device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the flow divider includes a first edge and a second edge that are disposed opposite to each other along the direction of the battery cell, and the flow channel is disposed adjacent to the second edge. Thus, by making the flow channel adjacent to the side where the pole of the battery cell is located, the coolant can be facilitated to flow toward the location of the pole of the battery cell after being diffused from the flow divider.

[0008] In some embodiments, the grooves include first grooves and second grooves extending in different directions, there are multiple first grooves and multiple second grooves, each first groove is connected to the flow channel, and each first groove is connected to multiple second grooves in its own extension direction. In this way, different coolant diffusion paths can be formed on the second surface of the diverter through the grooves extending in different directions.

[0009] In some embodiments, the interconnected first grooves and second grooves are arranged crosswise, and two adjacent second grooves have the same extension length on both sides of the connected first grooves, or the second groove farther from the flow channel has a longer extension length on at least one side of the connected first groove than the second groove closer to the flow channel. In this way, the second grooves can be easily opened or the coolant can be evenly diffused by making the second grooves have the same extension length or varying extension lengths.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distribution direction of the plurality of first grooves is consistent with the distribution direction of the plurality of battery cells, and the distribution direction of the plurality of second grooves is consistent with the orientation direction of the battery cells. In this way, the first grooves and the second grooves cooperate to allow the coolant to flow and diffuse along the area where the corresponding battery cells are located.

[0011] In some embodiments, the width of the first groove gradually increases in a direction away from the opening. In this way, by gradually increasing the width of the first groove in a direction away from the opening, a sufficient flow of cooling liquid can be formed in a region away from the opening.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second grooves connected to two adjacent first grooves are staggered in the direction of the battery core. In this way, the cooling liquid diffusion area can be set on the second surface of the diverter as much as possible by keeping the second grooves staggered.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are multiple grooves, and the multiple grooves are arranged one by one with the multiple battery cells, and at least some of the grooves exceed the projected edge of the battery cell on the second surface. In this way, by setting the distribution area of ​​each groove, it is possible to ensure that the coolant can flow toward the corresponding battery cell while being able to flow smoothly along the side wall of the battery cell.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery modules and shunts, and the multiple shunts are arranged one-to-one with the multiple battery modules, and the cells of different battery modules on the same plane face the same direction, or the cells of two adjacent battery modules on the same plane face opposite directions. In this way, the heat concentration inside the box can be avoided by controlling the direction of the cells in different battery modules.

[0015] In some embodiments, the openings of two adjacent flow diverters are arranged away from each other, so that the communication between the openings and the liquid inlet can be facilitated by controlling the arrangement directions of different flow diverters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application from a top view; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the battery module and the shunt member in the energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery module and a shunt member in an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flow divider in an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of battery modules in energy storage devices provided in other embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of battery modules in energy storage devices provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of battery modules in energy storage devices provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the top view of the battery module shown; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of battery modules in energy storage devices provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the top view of the battery module shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, each embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment of the present application, many technical details are proposed in order to enable the reader to better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical scheme claimed in the present application can also be implemented. The division of the following embodiments is for the convenience of description, and the specific implementation of the present application should not constitute any limitation, and the various embodiments can be combined with each other and referenced to each other without contradiction.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] With the continuous development of industrial technology, the demand for electricity supply in various production activities is also increasing. By increasing the installed capacity of various new types of power generation equipment, not only can the adverse impact on the environment be reduced, but also the power generation can be greatly increased to make up for industrial production activities and daily electricity demand. In order to effectively utilize the electric energy converted by various power generation devices, the electric energy will be stored through energy storage equipment. The energy storage equipment includes a battery module, which is formed by a single battery, or a battery cell, connected in series or in parallel, and can cycle the charge and discharge process to achieve the storage and output of electric energy. There are many types of single batteries, among which lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various fields of production and life due to their high energy density and long cycle life. With the continuous maturity of lithium-ion battery technology and processes, the capacity of the battery cell is getting larger and larger, and batteries exceeding 500Ah (ampere-hour) have begun to appear and gradually gain application.

[0022] However, the larger the capacity of the battery cell, the more serious the temperature rise during operation. In other words, the larger the capacity of the battery cell, the more difficult it is to control the temperature of the battery cell. The instability of the battery cell temperature has a great impact on the life. In order for the battery cell to obtain a long cycle life and good charge and discharge performance, it is necessary to effectively control the temperature of the battery cell, that is, effective thermal management. At present, the thermal management methods of energy storage equipment include air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change cooling and other solutions. Liquid cooling is widely used because of its good heat dissipation capacity and moderate cost. Among them, liquid cooling solutions are divided into cold plate liquid cooling and immersion liquid cooling. Compared with cold plate liquid cooling, in immersion liquid cooling, the coolant can fully contact the battery cells in the battery module for heat exchange, so it can form a better heat dissipation effect.

[0023] However, in the immersion liquid cooling solution, the battery module is immersed in the coolant, so the placement of the battery cell and the flow form of the coolant have a significant impact on the temperature control of the battery module. Usually, the battery cell is placed upright with the pole facing upward, and the coolant flows in and out from the side. This heat dissipation form is not conducive to the effective heat dissipation of the battery module. The reason is that the parts with higher temperature of the battery cell are often in the pole and the parts close to the pole, and the busbars connecting the poles of each battery cell are placed flat on the pole. In order to facilitate the welding of the busbars on the poles, the busbars are usually flat components. When the coolant immerses the battery module, the busbar is in a flat state. Since the coolant generally flows slowly near the top area of ​​the battery cell pole, the high-temperature parts at the busbar cannot be cooled quickly. In addition, when the battery cell is placed in the forward direction, the heat is more concentrated in the center of the battery module, and the high-temperature parts cannot be effectively cooled.

[0024] In order to achieve effective heat dissipation of the energy storage device, some embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device. The cells of the battery module in the energy storage device are arranged sideways, so that the busbars connecting the cells can remain in a vertical position. At the same time, a shunt is added at the bottom of the battery module to transfer the coolant, so that the flow direction of the coolant changes from horizontal to vertical upward flow. Thus, through the vertical flow of the coolant and natural convection, the heat exchange effect at the busbar is ensured, and effective heat dissipation of the cells of the battery module is achieved.

[0025] Combine the following Figures 1 to 12 The structure of the energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application is described.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the energy storage device provided by some embodiments of the present application includes a box 11, a battery module 21 and a diverter 31. The box 11 has a liquid cooling space 101, a liquid inlet 102 and a liquid outlet 103. The liquid inlet 102 is used to receive the coolant, and the liquid outlet 103 is used to discharge the coolant. The battery module 21 is accommodated in the liquid cooling space 101. The battery module 21 includes a plurality of battery cells 211 and a busbar 212 connecting the plurality of battery cells 211 together. The orientation of each battery cell 211 is perpendicular to the first direction ( Figure 2 The flow divider 31 is arranged in the liquid cooling space 101, and the flow divider 31 includes a first surface 301 and a second surface 302 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the second surface 302 faces the battery module 21. The flow divider 31 is provided with an opening 311 connected to the liquid inlet 102, a flow channel 312 connected to the opening 311 and located between the first surface 301 and the second surface 302, and a groove 313 recessed from the second surface 302 toward the first surface 301, and the groove 313 passes through at least a portion of the flow channel 312 and is connected to the flow channel 312.

[0027] The box 11 provides a storage space for assembling an energy storage device, and different battery modules 21 can be fixed at different positions inside the box 11. In order to form immersion liquid cooling for different battery modules 21, a liquid cooling space 101 is provided inside the box 11, and the liquid cooling space 101 is in a relatively closed state. After the coolant enters the liquid cooling space 101, it can partially or completely immerse the battery module 21. In the immersed state of the coolant, the battery cell 211 of the battery module 21 can be in full contact with the coolant to achieve heat dissipation. The liquid cooling space 101 can accommodate one or more battery modules 21, and the overall shape of the box 11 can be set to a regular shape such as a cube, a cuboid or a cylinder, or to an irregular shape of a special shape. The liquid cooling space 101 in the box 11 can be presented in a regular shape such as a cube, a cuboid or a cylinder, or in an irregular shape of a special shape.

[0028] The battery module 21 is formed by connecting a plurality of cells 211 in series or in parallel through a busbar 212. The battery module 21 is the part of the energy storage device that can be charged and discharged, and is also the main source of heat. The busbar 212 in the battery module 21 can collect the currents of different cells 211. The current density at the location of the busbar 212 is high, and the heat generation is also high. This makes it easy for the busbar 212 of the cell 211 and the part close to the busbar 212 to form a high temperature. When the battery module 21 is arranged and fixed on the bracket structure in the box 11, the direction of the cell 211 is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first direction is the vertical direction when the energy storage device is placed in a normal posture. That is, the pole 213 of the cell 211 faces the horizontal direction, the cell 211 remains in a side-by-side state, and the multiple cells 211 in the battery module 21 are on the same horizontal plane. This also allows the busbar 212 connecting each cell 211 to remain in a vertical posture, that is, a posture parallel to the first direction.

[0029] The diverter 31 is the part of the energy storage device that transmits the coolant. The diverter 31 has an opening 311 for receiving the coolant, and the opening 311 is connected to the liquid inlet 102 of the housing 11. The number of openings 311 can be one or more. The coolant reaches the opening 311 of the diverter 31 after passing through the liquid inlet 102 of the housing 11, and enters the flow channel 312 inside the diverter 31. The flow channel 312 inside the diverter 31 can be formed by drilling a channel, or by laying a pipeline on the surface of an independent component, and the pipeline and the independent component together form the diverter 31. The flow channel 312 is located between the first surface 301 and the second surface 302. The first surface 301 and the second surface 302 are two larger surfaces of the diverter 31. The first surface 301 is close to the inner wall surface of the housing 11, and the second surface 302 faces the battery module 21. The diverter 31 can be fixed on the bracket structure inside the housing 11. The flow channel 312 can allow the coolant to diffuse along the surface of the diverter 31, so that when the coolant overflows the surface of the diverter 31, it can flow to the locations of the various cells 211 in the battery module 21 more evenly. The flow channel 312 can be set in a regular straight line, a folded line or a curve, or in an irregular shape. The flow channel 312 can be spread over the diverter 31, or only in a part of the diverter 31. Figure 1 As shown, the flow channel 312 extends along the arrangement direction of the multiple battery cells 211 in the battery module 21, and the extension path of the flow channel 312 completely covers the area where the multiple battery cells 211 in the battery module 21 are located. In actual situations, the projection of the flow channel 312 on the second surface 302 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the battery module 21 on the second surface 302, and the number of the flow channel 312 can be one or more.

[0030] After entering the flow channel 312 in the diverter 31, the coolant can overflow through the groove 313 opened on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31. The groove 313 provides an outlet and a flow channel for the coolant to flow out of the diverter 31 and enter the liquid cooling space 101. The groove 313 passes through at least part of the flow channel 312 and remains connected with the flow channel 312, so that the coolant flowing in the flow channel 312 can enter the groove 313, flow in the groove 313 and flow out toward the battery module 21. The groove 313 can pass through the flow channel 312 in a direction intersecting with the flow channel 312, or pass through in a direction overlapping with the flow channel 312. The groove 313 can cover the second surface 302 of the diverter 31 as much as possible, or it can be set only in a partial area of ​​the second surface 302 of the diverter 31. The groove 313 can extend along a regular straight line, a broken line or a curve, or it can extend along an irregular path. The grooves 313 can form a complete interconnected path for the flow of coolant, or multiple independent paths for the flow of coolant. After the coolant overflows from the grooves 313, it can flow in the first direction, submerging the battery module 21, and in the process of flowing, it fully contacts the location of the busbar 212 of each battery cell 211 in the battery module 21 for heat exchange, effectively taking away the heat generated during the operation of the battery module 21. The coolant that absorbs heat can be discharged through the liquid outlet 103 of the housing 11 to achieve the circulation of the coolant. In actual situations, the diverter 31 can be set one-to-one with the battery module 21, or multiple battery modules 21 can be arranged on the same diverter 31, or multiple diverters 31 can be arranged under the same battery module 21.

[0031] The energy storage device provided by some embodiments of the present application provides a basis for immersion liquid cooling of the battery module 21 through the internal space set by the box 11, and the battery module 21 can be placed in the liquid cooling space 101 of the box 11. In addition, the orientation of the battery cell 211 in the battery module 21 is perpendicular to the first direction, that is, it is arranged in a side-by-side manner. At the same time, the shunt 31 and the battery module 21 are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the shunt 31 can receive the coolant input from the liquid inlet 102 of the box 11 and make the coolant flow along the first direction. Thereby, the flow direction of the coolant is parallel to the plane where the conduit 212 is located. The conduit 212 is located on the flow path of the coolant and can fully contact the coolant, so that the heat of the pole 213 of the battery cell 211 and the part close to the pole 213 can be taken away in time and effectively, thereby realizing effective heat dissipation of the energy storage device.

[0032] In some embodiments, the shunt member 31 may include a Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first edge 303 and the second edge 304 are arranged opposite to each other (in the opposite direction of the direction indicated by the arrow Y in the figure), and the flow channel 312 is arranged adjacent to the second edge 304.

[0033] The first edge 303 and the second edge 304 are arranged opposite to each other along the orientation direction of the battery cell 211, and the extension direction of the two edges is consistent with the arrangement direction of the multiple battery cells 211 in the battery module 21. The first edge 303 is located on the side away from the pole 213 of the battery cell 211, and the second edge 304 is located on the side close to the pole 213 of the battery cell 211. By arranging the flow channel 312 adjacent to the second edge 304, the coolant input from the liquid inlet 102 of the box body 11 can be preferentially diffused to the side where the pole 213 of the battery cell 211 is located, so that the coolant can flow at a higher rate on the side close to the pole 213 of the battery cell 211. This ensures the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the parts of the battery cell 211 with higher temperatures.

[0034] In addition, two adjacent battery cells 211 of the battery module 21 can be spaced apart to keep a certain distance so that the coolant flows along the side wall of the battery cell 211 and fully exchanges heat with the battery cell 211. At the same time, the bottom of the battery module 21 and the second surface 302 of the diverter 31 can be kept at a certain distance to achieve smooth flow of the coolant. In actual situations, a heat conductor can be set on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31, and the heat conductor is made of a heat-conducting material. The heat conductor can contact the side wall of the battery cell 211, and while guiding the flow of the coolant, the heat of the battery cell 211 can be transferred to the coolant in a timely manner. The heat conductor can be set in a flat, columnar, or curved shape. The heat conductor can be arranged in an array shape to ensure the uniformity of heat transfer.

[0035] In some embodiments, a channel for cooling liquid to flow may be provided inside the side wall of the box body 11, so that the side wall surrounding the battery module 21 also has heat absorption capability. Figure 1 The six side walls of the box body 11 shown in the figure facing different directions can all be provided with hollow channels, and coolant can be input into the channels so that the coolant can circulate inside the side wall to take away the heat transferred to the side wall. In order to extend the flow path of the coolant and achieve sufficient heat absorption of the coolant, the channel can be set to a curved shape. In actual situations, efficient heat dissipation components such as heat pipes can also be embedded on the side wall surface or inside of the box body 11, so that the heat transferred from the coolant in the liquid cooling space 101 to the side wall can be promptly conducted to the outside world, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module 21. The heat pipe can be in contact with the side wall and the outside world as a whole in the length direction, or one end of the heat pipe can pass through the side wall of the box body 11 to contact the coolant or battery cell 211 in the liquid cooling space 101, and the other end can be in contact with the outside world.

[0036] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the groove 313 may include a first groove 3131 and a second groove 3132 extending in different directions, there are multiple first grooves 3131 and multiple second grooves 3132, each first groove 3131 is connected to the flow channel 312, and each first groove 3131 is connected to multiple second grooves 3132 in its own extension direction.

[0037] That is to say, the grooves 313 opened on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31 can form a plurality of independent coolant flow paths. The independent coolant flow paths do not interfere with each other. The first groove 3131 is a part that is connected to the flow channel 312, and the second groove 3132 is a part that disperses the coolant flow area. The first groove 3131 can receive the coolant flowing in the flow channel 312, and the coolant is secondary diffused on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31 along the extension direction of the first groove 3131. The coolant can be diffused again through the second groove 3132 until it diffuses to most areas on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31. At the same time, the coolant flowing in different grooves 313 can overflow through the outlet of the groove 313 and flow along the direction of the second surface 302. And in the process of flowing, it passes through the area where the battery cell 211 is located, and heat exchange occurs with the battery cell 211, taking away the heat generated during the operation of the battery cell 211. The location of the busbar 212, i.e., the pole 213 of the battery cell 211 or a location close to the pole 213, is located in an area where the coolant flows faster, and can more fully exchange heat with the coolant, so that the high-heat parts of the battery cell 211 itself can be maintained in a suitable temperature range.

[0038] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 partially extend along their paths and remain connected at the overlapping position. In order to facilitate the flow and diffusion of the coolant in different grooves 313, the first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 can be arranged in a regular straight line to reduce the resistance during the diffusion of the coolant. In actual situations, the first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 can also be arranged in other regular shapes or irregular shapes. At the same time, the first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 can have the same depth or different depths, for example, the first groove 3131 can have a deeper depth. The first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 can have outlets of the same width or outlets of different widths, for example, the first groove 3131 can have a wider outlet. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shapes of the first groove 3131 and the second groove 3132 can be set to regular triangles, rectangles, or trapezoids, or can be set to irregular shapes, for example, the inner wall of one side of the groove 313 is set to an arc shape, and the inner wall of the other side is set to a straight line shape.

[0039] In addition, the first grooves 3131 and the second grooves 3132 that are connected to each other can be cross-arranged, and the two adjacent second grooves 3132 have the same extension length on both sides of the connected first groove 3131, or the second groove 3132 farther from the flow channel 312 has a longer extension length on at least one side of the connected first groove 3131 than the second groove 3132 closer to the flow channel 312.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the extension path of the second groove 3132 is perpendicular to the extension path of the first groove 3131, and the second groove 3132 has extension parts on both sides of the length direction of the first groove 3131. In this way, when the coolant flows to the intersection of the second groove 3132 and the first groove 3131, it can be diverted and diffused to both sides of the first groove 3131 at the same time, effectively increasing the diffusion area of ​​the coolant. In actual situations, the second groove 3132 and the first groove 3131 can also be arranged at other angles, such as 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees.

[0041] Furthermore, the extension lengths of the multiple second grooves 3132 connected to each first groove 3131 can be kept consistent or varied. That is, two adjacent second grooves 3132 have the same extension length on both sides of the connected first groove 3131, which can simplify the setting form of the groove 313 and facilitate the processing of the groove 313. The extension lengths of each second groove 3132 can also be set differently. For example, the second groove 3132 farther from the flow channel 312 can have a longer extension length on at least one side of the connected first groove 3131 than the second groove 3132 closer to the flow channel 312. In this way, a larger portion of the coolant flowing in the flow channel 312 can be diffused toward the area far away from the flow channel 312, which is conducive to ensuring the uniformity of the coolant when it overflows from the groove 313.

[0042] In some embodiments, the distribution direction of the plurality of first grooves 3131 may be aligned with the distribution direction of the plurality of battery cells 211 ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 The distribution direction of the plurality of second grooves 3132 is consistent with the orientation direction of the battery cell 211.

[0043] That is, the plurality of first grooves 3131 are arranged along the distribution direction of the plurality of battery cells 211 in the battery module 21, and the plurality of second grooves 3132 are arranged along the orientation direction of the battery cells 211. Figure 5As shown, the plurality of first grooves 3131 can be arranged corresponding to the plurality of battery cells 211 in the battery module 21, and the plurality of second grooves 3132 can be arranged along the extension direction of the connected first grooves 3131. It can ensure that a sufficient amount of coolant flows through the area where each battery cell 211 is located, and the flow rate of the coolant in the area where each battery cell 211 is located can be kept in a substantially consistent state. Thus, the uniform heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the plurality of battery cells 211 in the battery module 21 is ensured.

[0044] In addition, the width of the first trench 3131 may be gradually increased in a direction away from the opening 311 .

[0045] The opening 311 is located at one end of the flow channel 312, and the flow channel 312 extends along the distribution direction of the multiple battery cells 211. By gradually increasing the width of the first groove 3131 in the direction away from the opening 311, that is, in the flow direction of the coolant in the flow channel 312, the width of the first groove 3131 gradually increases. It can be ensured that a sufficient amount of coolant is diffused toward the area away from the opening 311, which is conducive to ensuring the uniformity of the coolant. In actual situations, the extension length of the first groove 3131 can also be gradually increased in the direction away from the opening 311. In order to facilitate the opening of the groove 313 on the second surface 302 of the diverter 31, the width and extension length of each first groove 3131 can also be kept consistent.

[0046] In some embodiments, the second grooves 3132 communicating with two adjacent first grooves 3131 may be staggered in the orientation direction of the battery cell 211 .

[0047] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the extension paths of the second grooves 3132 connected to the two adjacent first grooves 3131 are located on different straight lines and staggered by a certain distance in the orientation direction of the battery cell 211. By staggering the two adjacent second grooves 3132 in the distribution direction of the plurality of battery cells 211, the surface space of the diverter 31 can be effectively utilized, so that the second grooves 3132 can form a sufficient extension length. This is conducive to ensuring that the grooves 313 cover the second surface 302 of the diverter 31 as much as possible, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on different battery cells 211 when the coolant overflows the grooves 313.

[0048] In some embodiments, the plurality of second grooves 3132 communicating with the same first groove 3131 may be arranged at equal distances, or the distance between two adjacent second grooves 3132 communicating with the same first groove 3131 may gradually decrease in a direction away from the flow channel 312 .

[0049] That is to say, the multiple second grooves 3132 distributed in the same direction can be arranged at equal distances or at varying distances. As shown in the figure, the multiple second grooves 3132 connected to the same first groove 3131 are arranged at equal distances, that is, the multiple second grooves 3132 connected to the same first groove 3131 are evenly distributed on the extension path of the first groove 3131, which can facilitate the opening of the second grooves 3132. In actual situations, the distance between two adjacent second grooves 3132 connected to the same first groove 3131 can also be gradually reduced in the direction away from the flow channel 312, that is, in the direction away from the flow channel 312, the distribution density of the first grooves 3131 is increased. It can be ensured that in the area away from the flow channel 312, there is still a sufficient amount of coolant overflowing from the second grooves 3132, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the coolant overflowing from the groove 313.

[0050] In some embodiments, there may be a plurality of grooves 313 , and the plurality of grooves 313 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery cells 211 , and at least a portion of the grooves 313 exceeds the projection edge of the battery cells 211 on the first surface 301 .

[0051] The plurality of grooves 313 can form a plurality of paths for the coolant to flow. By arranging the plurality of grooves 313 in correspondence with the plurality of battery cells 211, it can be ensured that there is sufficient coolant in the area where each battery cell 211 is located for flow and heat exchange. In addition, the extension area of ​​at least part of the grooves 313 can exceed the projection area of ​​the corresponding battery cell 211 on the second surface 302, so as to facilitate the coolant to complete the immersion of the battery module 21.

[0052] In actual situations, the battery module 21 can be arranged in a variety of different ways. Figures 7 to 12 Some arrangements of the battery module 21 are described by way of example.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, there can be multiple battery modules 21 and multiple shunt members 31, and the multiple shunt members 31 are arranged one by one with the multiple battery modules 21, and the battery cells 211 of different battery modules 21 located on the same plane face the same direction ( Figure 7 (the opposite direction of the direction indicated by the arrow Y in the figure).

[0054] That is to say, multiple battery modules 21 are placed sideways, that is, the battery modules 21 are flipped 90 degrees from the upright position, so that the positive and negative poles 213 of each battery cell 211 face the same direction, and the bottoms of the battery cells 211 of each battery module 21 face the opposite direction. In addition, the placement direction of the collector 212 becomes vertical. In addition, each battery module 21 is equipped with a corresponding shunt 31, and the liquid inlet 102 of the box 11 is connected to the opening 311 of each shunt 31 through a pipeline branch, so that the coolant flows inside the shunt 31 corresponding to each battery module 21.

[0055] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated case, multiple battery modules 21 are also placed sideways. At the same time, multiple battery modules 21 can be placed in layers by a bracket to form an upper and lower stacking method. The battery cells 211 of each battery module 21 face one direction ( Figure 8 In the opposite direction of the direction indicated by the arrow Y in the figure), at the same time, the placement direction of the collector 212 becomes vertical. In order to simplify the liquid cooling structure, only the shunt member 31 is arranged at the bottom of the battery module 21 at the bottom layer.

[0056] In addition, there may be multiple battery modules 21 and multiple flow dividers 31 . When the multiple flow dividers 31 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery modules 21 , the battery cells 211 of two adjacent battery modules 21 located on the same plane face in opposite directions.

[0057] exist Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In the illustrated case, the cells 211 of two adjacent battery modules 21 on the same plane are arranged opposite to each other. That is, while the four battery modules 21 are placed sideways, the two battery modules 21 on the same plane are placed opposite to each other, which can also ensure that the placement direction of the busbar 212 becomes vertical. At the same time, each battery module 21 is equipped with an independent shunt 31.

[0058] exist Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the illustrated case, the cells 211 of two adjacent battery modules 21 on the same plane are arranged back to back. That is, when the four battery modules 21 are placed sideways, the bottoms of the cells 211 of the two battery modules 21 on the same plane are close to each other, and the poles 213 of the cells 211 are away from each other. It can also ensure that the placement direction of the busbar 212 becomes vertical. At the same time, each battery module 21 is equipped with an independent shunt 31.

[0059] It should be noted that, in actual situations, the explosion-proof valve portion of the battery cell 211 can be directed toward the outside of the battery module 21 arrangement area, which is conducive to opening the valve to release pressure and detect pressure in the case of thermal runaway. When the explosion-proof valve is directed toward the outside, a liquid outlet pipeline or liquid outlet 103 can be set at the corresponding explosion-proof port position. Considering that the coolant circulates at a higher speed on the outside, this can be more conducive to the heat dissipation of each battery cell 211 in the battery module 21.

[0060] In addition, if Fig.10 and Fig.12 As shown, the openings 311 of two adjacent flow dividing members 31 can be arranged away from each other.

[0061] By making the openings 311 of different diverter elements 31 distant from each other, the mutual interference between the different diverter elements 31 can be reduced, which is conducive to achieving uniform distribution of the coolant in the liquid cooling space 101.

[0062] In actual situations, an isolating member can be provided between two adjacent diverters 31 to separate the liquid cooling space 101, and the isolating member can extend to the top position of two adjacent battery modules 21. This ensures that the coolant flowing out of each diverter 31 has a heat dissipation effect on the corresponding battery module 21. The isolating member can be made of heat-insulating material to avoid heat transfer and mutual influence between two adjacent battery modules 21. The isolating member can play a certain separation role in the liquid cooling space 101, reducing the mutual influence between the battery cells 211 of different battery modules 21. At the same time, the isolating member is only used for separation in some areas, and different battery modules 21 can be in the same heat dissipation environment immersed in coolant, ensuring the heat dissipation balance at different positions in the liquid cooling space 101.

[0063] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet 102 and the liquid outlet 103 may be disposed away from each other along the first direction.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid inlet 102 of the box body 11 can be set at the bottom position, and correspondingly, the liquid outlet 103 of the box body 11 can be set at the top position. In this way, it can better adapt to the pipeline connection and facilitate the vertical upward flow of the coolant in the liquid cooling space 101 of the box body 11.

[0065] The energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application enables the battery cells 211 to be placed on their sides so that the busbars 212 between the battery cells 211 can be perpendicular to the interface of the coolant, which is beneficial to cooling. In addition, the portion of the battery cell 211 close to the pole 213 can be oriented toward the outside of the battery module 21 arrangement area, which is beneficial to reducing the temperature. The explosion-proof valve portion of the battery cell 211 can also be oriented toward the outside of the battery module 21 arrangement area, which is beneficial to opening the valve to release pressure and detect pressure in the event of thermal runaway. Through the diverter 31 and the corresponding fluid pipeline structure, the flow direction of the coolant is changed to vertical flow from bottom to top. The direction of this vertical flow is consistent with the direction in which the busbar 212 is placed vertically, which can greatly improve the cooling effect of the high-temperature parts in the battery cell 211.

[0066] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present application, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: The box body has a liquid cooling space, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the liquid inlet is used to receive the cooling liquid, and the liquid outlet is used to discharge the cooling liquid; A battery module is contained in the liquid cooling space, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells and a busbar connecting the plurality of battery cells together, each of the battery cells is oriented perpendicular to a first direction and the busbar is parallel to the first direction; A diverter is arranged in the liquid cooling space, and the diverter includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, the second surface faces the battery module, and the diverter is provided with an opening connected to the liquid inlet, a flow channel connected to the opening and located between the first surface and the second surface, and a groove recessed from the second surface toward the first surface, and the groove passes through at least a portion of the flow channel and is connected to the flow channel.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow divider comprises a first edge and a second edge which are arranged opposite to each other along the orientation direction of the battery core, and the flow channel is arranged adjacent to the second edge.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The grooves include a first groove and a second groove extending in different directions, there are a plurality of the first grooves and a plurality of the second grooves, each of the first grooves is connected to the flow channel, and each of the first grooves is connected to a plurality of the second grooves in its own extending direction.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first grooves and the second grooves connected to each other are cross-arranged, and two adjacent second grooves have the same extension length on both sides of the connected first grooves, or the second groove farther from the flow channel has a longer extension length on at least one side of the connected first groove than the second groove closer to the flow channel.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distribution direction of the plurality of first grooves is consistent with the distribution direction of the plurality of battery cells, and the distribution direction of the plurality of second grooves is consistent with the orientation direction of the battery cells.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first groove gradually increases in a direction away from the opening.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second grooves communicated with two adjacent first grooves are staggered with each other in the orientation direction of the battery cell.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery cells, and at least part of the grooves exceed the projected edges of the battery cells on the second surface.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple battery modules and multiple shunt members, and the multiple shunt members are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery modules. The battery cells of different battery modules located on the same plane face the same direction, or the battery cells of two adjacent battery modules located on the same plane face opposite directions.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The openings of two adjacent flow dividing members are arranged far away from each other.

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