A method and device for improving uniformity of factory-grown seedlings

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for improving uniformity of factory-based seedling cultivation and emergence, belonging to the technical field of seedling cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: a seedling tray is conveyed by a conveyor belt, a base layer of soil is filled through a first soil outlet, the soil is flattened through a first sweeping part, and a sowing soil surface of equal height is provided for seeds. Under the rotation of an empty tube, the seeds can be uniformly leaked out from the leakage holes and sown in the seedling tray, and then a covering soil layer is filled through a second soil outlet again. The soil is flattened through a second sweeping part, wherein the heights of the sweeping rollers in the two sweeping parts are different, and the bottom height of the front sweeping roller is lower than the bottom height of the rear sweeping roller, so as to realize the flattening of the base layer of soil and the covering soil. Through the device, the soil filling and sowing of the seedling tray can be realized within a short-distance conveyor belt, the working space can be saved, the seedling tray with uniform seed height can be obtained, the seedling cultivation time can be shortened, the germination rate of rice seeds and the growth and uniformity of the rice seedlings after emergence can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice seedling cultivation, and in particular relates to a method and a device for improving uniformity of emergence of rice seedlings in factory cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Factory-based rice seedling cultivation is the product of managing agricultural production with an industrial concept. Its production process is the preparation of nutrient soil, intelligent seed soaking, disinfection and germination, automated assembly line sowing and greenhouse seedling cultivation. During the automated assembly line sowing process, the seedling trays need to be filled with soil and sown. However, the seedling trays obtained only by filling with soil and sowing seeds will have problems such as different seed heights and uneven sowing, resulting in a low germination rate and uneven emergence of seedlings in the seedling trays, affecting the yield and quality of rice cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for improving the uniformity of factory-based seedling raising and emergence, so as to achieve highly uniform seeds in the seedling trays and uniform sowing.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention comprises a conveyor belt, on which a seedling tray moving with the conveyor belt is arranged, and further comprises a soil drop port, a sweeping portion, a sowing portion, a soil drop port and a sweeping portion arranged in sequence above the conveyor belt; the soil drop port drops soil onto the seedling tray passing by; the sweeping portion comprises a lower roller, and when the seedling tray passes through the sweeping portion, the lower roller rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray, and further comprises an upper roller rolling in contact with the lower roller, the upper roller is coaxially provided with a sweeping roller, and the outer side of the sweeping roller is provided with a brush surface, which is , the soil inside the seedling tray passing through the leveling part is leveled; the sowing part includes a rolling wheel, when the seedling tray passes through the sowing part, the rolling wheel rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray, the rolling wheel is coaxially provided with an empty tube, both ends of the empty tube are rotatably connected with a pipe responsible for seed output, a plurality of leakage holes are arranged on the empty tube, the pipe inputs seeds into the empty tube, as the empty tube rotates, the seeds are evenly laid on the passing seedling tray, and in the two leveling parts, the brush surface at the front position is lower than the brush surface at the rear position.

[0006] Furthermore, the pipeline and the empty tube form a circular ring tube, and the two ends of the pipeline are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the empty tube. It also includes a fan and a blanking machine. The blanking machine is connected to the upper middle part of the pipeline. The fan includes an air duct, and the air duct extends into the pipeline. Under the blowing of the fan, the seeds in the pipeline and the empty tube circulate.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting shaft is rotatably provided at the lower end of the soil drop outlet, and a baffle for blocking the soil drop outlet is provided on the connecting shaft. Oblique baffle rods are also provided at both ends of the connecting shaft, and a torsion spring is provided on the connecting shaft. The torsion spring supports the baffle to block the soil drop outlet. When the seedling tray passes through the soil drop outlet, the seedling tray pushes against the oblique baffle rod, and the oblique baffle rod drives the baffle to open the soil drop outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, a baffle is hinged inside the soil outlet, and the rotation angle of the baffle changes the outlet size of the soil outlet. An adjusting stud is threadedly connected to the outer side of the soil outlet, and the end of the adjusting stud is supported on the side of the baffle. The baffle is rotated by rotating the adjusting stud.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes blocking wheels, which are placed on both sides of the passing seedling tray to limit the lateral movement of the seedling tray, and also includes a guide block, which is provided with a guiding surface perpendicular to the transmission belt, and the guiding surface guides the seedling tray to between the two rows of blocking wheels.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of ribs are provided on the bottom surface of the seedling tray, and a plurality of baffles for driving the ribs to move are provided on the surface of the conveyor belt.

[0011] Furthermore, a sweeping brush bar for sweeping the seeds flat is also provided at the lower position of the empty tube.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention conveys the seedling tray through a conveyor belt, and simultaneously fills the seedling tray with soil and sows the seedling tray, fills the base soil through the first soil outlet, and smoothes the soil through the first sweeping part to provide a sowing soil surface of equal height for the seeds, and under the rotation of the empty tube, the seeds can be uniformly leaked out from the leak hole and sown in the seedling tray, and then pass through the second soil outlet again to fill the covering soil layer, and smooth the soil through the second sweeping part, wherein the heights of the sweeping rollers in the two sweeping parts are different, and the bottom height of the front sweeping roller is lower than the bottom height of the rear sweeping roller, so as to realize the smoothing of the base soil and the smoothing of the covering soil; through this device, the soil filling and sowing of the seedling tray can be realized within a short-distance conveyor belt, saving working space, and through this structure, a seedling tray with uniform seed height can be obtained. The seedling tray produced by the device provided by the present invention can shorten the seedling raising time, improve the germination rate of rice seeds, and the growth and uniformity of rice seedlings after emergence.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art may be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the seedling tray through the soil drop opening, the sweeping part and the sowing part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of point A;

[0019] Figure 4 A detailed schematic diagram of a sowing part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the soil outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A top view of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] The markings in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. conveyor belt; 11. stop wheel; 12. guide block; 13. stop bar; 2. seedling tray; 21. rib; 3. soil drop port; 31. connecting shaft; 32. baffle; 33. oblique baffle rod; 34. torsion spring; 35. baffle; 36. adjusting stud; 4. leveling part; 41. lower roller; 42. upper roller; 43. leveling roller; 5. sowing part; 51. rolling wheel; 52. empty pipe; 521. leakage hole; 53. pipeline; 54. fan; 541. air duct; 55. blanking machine; 6. leveling brush strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a device for improving the uniformity of factory-based seedling raising, comprising a conveyor belt 1, wherein the conveyor belt 1 may be a belt surface made of rubber or a belt surface composed of spliced ​​metal plates; Figure 1 As shown, the conveyor belt 1 is provided with a seedling tray 2 which moves with the conveyor belt 1. The seedling tray 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped, a disc-shaped structure with an opening upward, and is used to hold soil and seeds. The device also includes two sweeping parts 4 and two soil outlets 3, and a sowing part 5. The arrangement order above the conveyor belt 1 is the soil outlet 3, the sweeping part 4, the sowing part 5, the soil outlet 3 and the sweeping part 4; Figure 2 and Figure 5 The soil drop port 3 is connected to the soil conveying device, which is responsible for continuously supplying soil. The conveyor belt 1 of the seedling tray 2 passes through the first soil drop port 3 for the first time, and the soil drop port 3 drops the soil onto the seedling tray 2 passing by; Figure 2As shown, the sweeping portion 4 includes a lower roller 41. When the seedling tray 2 passes through the sweeping portion 4, the lower roller 41 rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray 2. The sweeping portion 4 also includes an upper roller 42 that rolls in close contact with the lower roller 41. The upper roller 42 is coaxially provided with a sweeping roller 43. The outer side of the sweeping roller 43 is provided with a brush surface. As the sweeping roller 43 rotates, the soil inside the seedling tray 2 passing through the sweeping portion 4 is swept flat. Through the sequential contact of the seedling tray 2, the upper roller 42 and the lower roller 41, the sweeping direction of the sweeping roller 43 on the soil is opposite to the moving direction of the seedling tray 2, which can prevent the swept soil from remaining on the soil surface after the seedling tray 2 passes through. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the sowing part 5 includes a rolling wheel 51. When the seedling tray 2 passes through the sowing part 5, the rolling wheel 51 rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray 2. The rolling wheel 51 is coaxially provided with an empty tube 52. Both ends of the empty tube 52 are rotatably connected with a pipe 53 responsible for seed output. A plurality of leakage holes 521 are arranged on the empty tube 52. The pipe 53 inputs seeds into the empty tube 52. As the empty tube 52 rotates, the seeds are evenly laid on the passing seedling tray 2. In the two sweeping parts 4, the brush surface in the front position is lower than the brush surface in the rear position. Through the second soil dropping port 3 and the sweeping part 4, the seeds can be covered at the same height of the soil in the seedling tray 2 and can be used to cover the soil at the same height.

[0024] This device, through the conveyor belt 1, conveys the seedling tray 2, and simultaneously fills the soil of the seedling tray 2 and sows the seed, fills the base soil through the first soil outlet 3, and smoothes the soil through the first sweeping part 4, providing a sowing soil surface of equal height for the seeds, and under the rotation of the empty tube 52, the seeds can be uniformly leaked from the leaking hole 521 and sown in the seedling tray 2, and then pass through the second soil outlet 3 again to fill the covering soil layer, and smooth the soil through the second sweeping part 4, wherein the heights of the sweeping rollers 43 in the two sweeping parts 4 are different, and the bottom height of the front sweeping roller 43 is lower than the bottom height of the rear sweeping roller 43, so as to realize the smoothing of the base soil and the smoothing of the covering soil; through this device, the soil filling and sowing of the seedling tray 2 can be realized within the short distance conveyor belt 1, saving the working space, and through this structure, the seedling tray 2 with uniform seed height can be obtained. The seedling tray 2 produced by the device provided by the present invention can shorten the seedling raising time, improve the germination rate of rice seeds, and the growth and uniformity of rice seedlings after emergence.

[0025] In a further solution, Figure 4As shown, the pipeline 53 and the empty tube 52 form a circular ring tube, and the two ends of the pipeline 53 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the empty tube 52, and also include a fan 54 and a blanking machine 55. The blanking machine 55 is connected to the upper middle part of the pipeline 53. The fan 54 includes an air duct 541. The fan 54 can drive the blades to rotate through a motor to form air flow. The air duct 541 extends into the pipeline 53. Under the blowing of the fan 54, the seeds in the pipeline 53 and the empty tube 52 circulate. The operating principle of this device is as follows: The dropper 55 evenly drops the seeds into the pipe 53. Under the blowing of the air duct 541, the air flows in a single direction in the circular ring formed by the empty pipe 52 and the pipe 53. The seeds flow into the empty pipe 52 with the air. As the empty pipe 52 rotates, the seeds are evenly sown into the seedling tray 2. This device can cooperate with the rotation of the empty pipe 52 to quickly transport the seeds into the empty pipe 52 to achieve seed sowing. The circulating flow pipe 53 can prevent the seeds from unilaterally accumulating in the empty pipe 52, thereby ensuring that the seeds in the empty pipe 52 are evenly distributed.

[0026] In a further solution, Figure 3 As shown, a connecting shaft 31 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the soil outlet 3, and a baffle 32 for blocking the soil outlet 3 is provided on the connecting shaft 31. Oblique blocking rods 33 are also provided at both ends of the connecting shaft 31. A torsion spring 34 is provided on the connecting shaft 31, and the torsion spring 34 supports the baffle 32 to block the soil outlet 3. When the seedling tray 2 passes through the soil outlet 3, the seedling tray 2 pushes against the oblique blocking rod 33, and the oblique blocking rod 33 drives the baffle 32 to open the soil outlet 3.

[0027] This structure controls the opening and closing of the soil drop opening 3 by the passage of the seedling tray 2, so as to reasonably control the soil that falls on the conveyor belt 1 after the seedling tray 2 passes, so as to avoid the soil from accumulating at the bottom of the conveyor belt 1 and reduce the difficulty of cleaning.

[0028] In a further solution, Figure 5 As shown, a baffle 35 is hinged inside the soil outlet 3, and the rotation angle of the baffle 35 changes the outlet size of the soil outlet 3. An adjusting stud 36 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the soil outlet 3, and the end of the adjusting stud 36 is supported on the side of the baffle 35. Rotating the adjusting stud 36 causes the baffle 35 to rotate.

[0029] This structure can control the speed of soil falling in the soil outlet 3 to adapt to soils of different textures and seedling trays 2 of different sizes, ensuring that less soil falls on the outside of the seedling tray 2 after the soil is dropped and swept, reducing the difficulty of cleaning.

[0030] In a further solution, Figure 6As shown, it also includes a blocking wheel 11, which is placed on both sides of the passing seedling tray 2 to limit the lateral movement of the seedling tray 2, and also includes a guide block 12, which is provided with a guiding surface perpendicular to the transmission belt, and the guiding surface guides the seedling tray 2 to between two rows of the blocking wheels 11.

[0031] This structure determines the position of the seedling tray 2 passing through the soil dropping port 3, the leveling portion 4 and the sowing portion 5 to ensure that the side edge of the seedling tray 2 can roll in contact with the lower roller 41 and the rolling wheel 51, thereby realizing the operations of soil dropping, leveling and sowing, reducing the operation of manual alignment of the seedling tray 2 and improving the sowing efficiency of the seedling tray 2.

[0032] In a further embodiment, a plurality of ribs 21 are provided on the bottom surface of the seedling tray 2 , and a plurality of baffles 13 for driving the ribs 21 to move are provided on the surface of the conveyor belt 1 .

[0033] By providing the ribs 21 and the baffles 13 , the seedling tray 2 can be moved synchronously with the conveyor belt 1 , thereby avoiding friction and sliding between the seedling tray 2 and the conveyor belt 1 .

[0034] The following is a rice seed sowing experiment: after soaking, disinfecting, germinating and drying the surface moisture, sowing is done manually. During sowing, 100 seeds are sown in each seedling tray for germination rate investigation. Three sowing method test treatments are set up. Treatment 1, the seeds are inserted into the seedling tray with the embryo end facing down; Treatment 2, the seeds are inserted into the seedling tray with the embryo end facing up; Treatment 3, the seeds are placed flat in the seedling tray. After sowing, the seeds are covered with soil and placed in a dark room for germination and then put into the greenhouse for seedling cultivation.

[0035] Treatment 1 had a 0% germination rate 3 days after sowing and a 12% germination rate 6 days after sowing;

[0036] Treatment 2 had a 21% emergence rate 3 days after sowing and a 93% emergence rate 6 days after sowing.

[0037] Treatment 3 had a 19% emergence rate 3 days after sowing and a 92% emergence rate 6 days after sowing;

[0038] As can be seen from the above, the seed sowing method significantly affects the uniformity of germination; the germination time and germination rate of these three states are very different. Among them, the germination time of the sowing state with the seed embryo end facing down is 2-3 days longer than the other two, and the germination rate is poor. The germination time and germination rate of the sowing state with the seed lying flat and the seed embryo end facing up are not much different;

[0039] Therefore, in a further solution, Figure 5 As shown, a sweeping brush bar 6 for sweeping the seeds flat is also provided at the lower position of the empty tube 52; the seeds are swept flat by the sweeping brush bar 6 to lie flat, and by sweeping or pressing, all the seeds can lie flat on the soil surface, achieving the effect of consistent germination time.

[0040] A method for improving uniformity of factory-based seedling raising and emergence, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1, soaking and disinfecting rice seeds, accelerating germination and drying surface moisture;

[0042] S2, cover the seedling tray 2 with a layer of soil and flatten it;

[0043] S3, evenly sowing rice seeds on the seedling tray 2 covered with soil;

[0044] S4, sweeping and leveling the sown seeds;

[0045] S5. Cover the rice seeds with a layer of soil again;

[0046] S6. Place the seeds in a dark room for germination and then move them into a greenhouse for seedling cultivation.

[0047] This method can improve the germination rate and uniformity of the seeds. Through the above-mentioned device, a seedling tray 2 that can improve the uniformity of the emergence of chemical seedlings can be quickly obtained; the production automation of the seedling tray 2 is realized, and the production efficiency of the seedling tray 2 is improved.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for improving the uniformity of factory-based seedling raising, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conveyor belt (1), wherein a seedling tray (2) is provided on the conveyor belt (1) and moves with the conveyor belt (1), and further comprises a soil drop opening (3), a sweeping portion (4), a sowing portion (5), a soil drop opening (3) and a sweeping portion (4) arranged in sequence above the conveyor belt (1); the soil drop opening (3) drops soil onto the seedling tray (2) passing by; the sweeping portion (4) comprises a lower roller (41), and when the seedling tray (2) passes through the sweeping portion (4), the lower roller (41) rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray (2); and further comprises an upper roller (42) that rolls in contact with the lower roller (41), and the upper roller (42) is coaxially provided with a sweeping roller (43), and the outer side of the sweeping roller (43) is provided with a brush surface, and as the sweeping roller (43) moves, the lower roller (41) rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray (2). ) rotates to smooth the soil inside the seedling tray (2) passing through the leveling portion (4); the sowing portion (5) comprises a rolling wheel (51); when the seedling tray (2) passes through the sowing portion (5), the rolling wheel (51) rolls on the upper edge of the seedling tray (2); the rolling wheel (51) is coaxially provided with an empty tube (52); both ends of the empty tube (52) are rotatably connected to a pipe (53) for outputting seeds; a plurality of leak holes (521) are arranged on the empty tube (52); the pipe (53) inputs seeds into the empty tube (52); as the empty tube (52) rotates, the seeds are evenly spread on the seedling tray (2) passing through; in the two leveling portions (4), the brush surface at the front position is lower than the brush surface at the rear position.

2. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of factory-grown seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline (53) and the empty tube (52) form a circular ring tube, and the two ends of the pipeline (53) are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the empty tube (52). The pipeline also includes a fan (54) and a blanking machine (55). The blanking machine (55) is connected to the upper middle part of the pipeline (53). The fan (54) includes an air duct (541). The air duct (541) extends into the pipeline (53). Under the blowing of the fan (54), the seeds in the pipeline (53) and the empty tube (52) circulate.

3. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of seedlings in factory-based seedling cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting shaft (31) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the soil drop opening (3), a baffle (32) for blocking the soil drop opening (3) is provided on the connecting shaft (31), oblique blocking rods (33) are further provided at both ends of the connecting shaft (31), a torsion spring (34) is provided on the connecting shaft (31), the torsion spring (34) supports the baffle (32) to block the soil drop opening (3), when the seedling tray (2) passes through the soil drop opening (3), the seedling tray (2) pushes against the oblique blocking rod (33), and the oblique blocking rod (33) drives the baffle (32) to open the soil drop opening (3).

4. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of seedlings in factory-based seedling cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (35) is hingedly connected inside the soil drop opening (3), and the rotation angle of the baffle (35) changes the outlet size of the soil drop opening (3). An adjusting stud (36) is threadedly connected to the outside of the soil drop opening (3), and the end of the adjusting stud (36) is supported on the side of the baffle (35). The baffle (35) is rotated by rotating the adjusting stud (36).

5. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of factory-grown seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises blocking wheels (11), the blocking wheels (11) being placed on both sides of the passing seedling tray (2) to limit the lateral movement of the seedling tray (2), and a guide block (12), the guide block (12) being provided with a guide surface perpendicular to the transmission belt, the guide surface guiding the seedling tray (2) to between two rows of blocking wheels (11).

6. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of seedlings in factory-based seedling cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the seedling tray (2) is provided with a plurality of ribs (21), and the surface of the conveyor belt (1) is provided with a plurality of blocking bars (13) for driving the ribs (21) to move.

7. The device for improving uniformity of emergence of seedlings in industrialized seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sweeping brush bar (6) for sweeping the seeds flat is also provided at the lower position of the empty tube (52).

8. A method for improving uniformity of factory-grown seedlings, using the device for improving uniformity of factory-grown seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps are as follows: S1, soaking and disinfecting rice seeds, accelerating germination and drying surface moisture; S2, covering the seedling tray (2) with a layer of soil and flattening it; S3, evenly sowing rice seeds on the seedling tray (2) after covering with soil; S4, sweeping and leveling the sown seeds; S5. Cover the rice seeds with a layer of soil again; S6. Place the seeds in a dark room for germination and then move them into a greenhouse for seedling cultivation.

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